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US Open (tennis)
US Open (tennis)
US Open
the women continue until someone wins by two games.
History
Official web Location Venue Surface Men’s draw Women’s draw Prize money Grand Slam • • • • Australian Open French Open Wimbledon US Open Flushing, New York City United States USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center DecoTurf / Outdoors 128S / 128Q / 64D 128S / 96Q / 64D US$ 19,600,000
The US Open tennis tournament is one of the oldest tennis championships in the world, first contested in 1881. The tournament is chronologically the fourth and final Grand Slam tennis tournament each year. It is held annually in August and September over a two-week period (the weeks before and after Labor Day weekend). The main tournament consists of five different event championships: men’s and women’s singles, men’s and women’s doubles, and mixed doubles, with additional tournaments for senior, junior, and wheelchair players. Since 1978, the tournament has been played on acrylic hard court at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center at Flushing Meadows-Corona Park in Queens, New York City. The US Open differs from the other three Grand Slam tournaments in that there are final-set tiebreaks. In the other three majors, the fifth set for the men and the third set for
The US Open has grown from an exclusive entertainment event for high society to a championship for more than 600 male and female professional players who, as of 2008, compete for total prize money of over US$19 million, with $1.5 million for each winner of the singles tournaments. The US Open for men was originally a separate tournament from the US Open for women. The U.S. National Singles Championship (men only) was first held in August 1881 at the Newport Casino, Newport, Rhode Island. Only clubs that were members of the United States National Lawn Tennis Association were permitted to enter. From 1884 through 1911, the tournament used a challenge system whereby the defending champion automatically qualified for the next year’s final. In 1915, the tournament moved to the West Side Tennis Club at Forest Hills, New York. From 1921 through 1923, it was played at the Germantown Cricket Club in Philadelphia and returned to Forest Hills in 1924. Six years after the men’s nationals were first held, the first official U.S. Women’s National Singles Championship was held at the Philadelphia Cricket Club in 1887, followed by the U.S. Women’s National Doubles Championship in 1889. The first U.S. Mixed Doubles Championship was held alongside the women’s singles and doubles. The first U.S. National Men’s Doubles Championship was held in 1900. Tournaments were held in the east and the west of the country to determine the best two teams, which competed in a play-off to see who would play the defending champions in the challenge round. The open era began in 1968 when all five events were merged into the US Open, held at the West Side Tennis Club in Forest Hills, New York. The 1968 combined tournament was open to professionals for the first time. That year, 96 men and 63 women entered the event, and prize money totaled $100,000.
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In 1970, the US Open became the first of the Grand Slam tournaments to use a tiebreak at the end of a set. The US Open was originally played on grass until Forest Hills switched to Har-Tru clay courts in 1975. In 1978, the event moved from Forest Hills to its current home at Flushing Meadows, and the surface changed again, to the current DecoTurf. (Jimmy Connors is the only man to have won the US Open on more than one surface. He won it on all three surfaces. Female player Chris Evert won it on two surfaces.)
US Open (tennis)
The Arthur Ashe stadium tennis player who won the inaugural men’s final of the US Open in 1968. (In that same year, British player Virginia Wade won the first woman’s US Open final, five months after she turned professional.) Court Number 2 is Louis Armstrong Stadium, which stood as the main stadium until the completion of Ashe stadium. Court Number 3 is the Grandstand Stadium, which is attached to the Louis Armstrong Stadium. Sidecourts 4, 7 and 11 each have a seating capacity of over 1,000. All the courts used by the US Open are lit, meaning that TV coverage of the tournament can extend into prime time to attract more ratings. This has recently been used to the advantage of the USA Network on cable and especially for CBS, the American broadcast TV outlet for the Open for many years, which used its influence to move the women’s singles final to Saturday night to draw better television ratings. In 2005, all US Open and US Open Series tennis courts were given blue inner courts and green outer courts to make it easier to see the ball. The USTA National Tennis Center was renamed in honor of four-time tournament champion and tennis pioneer Billie Jean King during the 2006 US Open.
Player challenges of line calls
In 2006, the US Open became the first Grand Slam tournament to implement instant replay reviews of calls, using the Hawk-Eye computer system. Available only on the stadium courts (Ashe and Armstrong), each player was allowed two challenges per set plus one additional challenge during a tiebreak but was not penalized with the loss of a challenge if it was upheld. The USTA announced that starting in 2008, each player will be given three challenges per set with an extra challenge if the set goes to a tiebreak. Once a challenge is made, the official review (a 3-D computer simulation based on multiple high-speed video cameras) is shown to the players, umpires, and audience on the stadium video boards and to the television audience at the same time. The system is said to be accurate to within five millimeters. During the 2006 US Open, 30.5% of men’s challenges and 35.85% of women’s challenges were overturned.[1] During the 2007 US Open, 95 out of 320 challenges were overturned - or 30.6%.
Grounds
The DecoTurf surface at the US Open is a fast surface, having slightly less friction and producing a lower bounce compared to other hard courts (most notably the Rebound Ace surface formerly used at the Australian Open). For this reason, many serve-and-volley players have found success at the US Open. The main court is located at the 24,000-seat Arthur Ashe Stadium, named after Arthur Ashe, the African American
Prize Money
The total prize money for the 2008 US Open (in US dollars) is divided as follows:
Singles (Men & Women - 128 Draws)
Winners Runners-Up Semifinalists $1,500,000 $750,000 $320,000
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Quarterfinalists $160,000 Round of 16 Third Round Second Round First Round Total $80,000 $46,000 $30,000 $18,500 $7,050,000
US Open (tennis)
Records
Current champions
• Men: Roger Federer , who defeated Andy Murray in the men’s final on September 8, 2008. • Women: Serena Williams , who defeated Jelena Janković on September 7, 2008. in the final
Doubles (Per Team, Men & Women - 64 Draws)
Winners Runners-Up Semifinalists Round of 16 Second Round First Round Total $420,000 $210,000 $105,000 $25,000 $15,000 $10,000 $1,800,000 ($3,600,000)
All-foreign singles finals
Since the U.S. Championships began in 1881, there have been only five years when an American reached neither the men’s nor women’s singles final: 1959, 1973, 1988, 2004, and 2007.
Quarterfinalists $50,000
Men’s singles
• 1926 - Rene Lacoste (France) d. Jean Borotra (France) • 1933 - Fred Perry (United Kingdom) d. Jack Crawford (Australia) • 1956 - Ken Rosewall (Australia) d. Lew Hoad (Australia) • 1957 - Mal Anderson (Australia) d. Ashley Cooper (Australia) • 1958 - Ashley Cooper (Australia) d. Mal Anderson (Australia) • 1959 - Neale Fraser (Australia) d. Alex Olmedo (Peru) • 1960 - Neale Fraser (Australia) d. Rod Laver (Australia) • 1961 - Roy Emerson (Australia) d. Rod Laver (Australia) • 1962 - Rod Laver (Australia) d. Roy Emerson (Australia) • 1964 - Roy Emerson (Australia) d. Fred Stolle (Australia) • 1965 - Manuel Santana (Spain) d. Cliff Drysdale (South Africa) • 1966 - Fred Stolle (Australia) d. John Newcombe (Australia) • 1969 - Rod Laver (Australia) d. Tony Roche (Australia) • 1970 - Ken Rosewall (Australia) d. Tony Roche (Australia) • 1973 - John Newcombe (Australia) d. Jan Kodes (Czechoslovakia) • 1986 - Ivan Lendl (Czechoslovakia) d. Miloslav Mecir (Czechoslovakia) • 1987 - Ivan Lendl (Czechoslovakia) d. Mats Wilander (Sweden) • 1988 - Mats Wilander (Sweden) d. Ivan Lendl (Czechoslovakia)
Mixed Doubles (Per Team - 32 Draws)
Winners Runners-Up Semifinalists Second Round First Round Total $180,000 $90,000 $30,000 $10,000 $5,000 $500,000
Quarterfinalists $15,000
Men’s and Women’s Qualifying (128 Draws)
Third Round Losers (16) Second Round Losers (32) First Round Losers (64) Total $8,000 $5,625 $3,000 $500,000 ($1,000,000)
Totals
Total Championship Events Total for Champions Invitational Player per diem Total Player Compensation $19,200,000 $385,000 $1,072,000 $20,657,000
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Record Men since 1881 Winner of most Men’s Singles titles Before 1968: Richard Sears Bill Larned Bill Tilden Jimmy Connors Pete Sampras Roger Federer Richard Sears Roger Federer Richard Sears James Dwight Bob Lutz Stan Smith John McEnroe Richard Sears James Dwight 7 Era Player(s) Count Winning Years
US Open (tennis)
1881, 1882, 1883, 1884, 1885, 1886, 1887 1901, 1902, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1929 1974, 1976, 1978, 1982, 1983 1990, 1993, 1995, 1996, 2002 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008
After 1967:
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Winner of most consecutive Men’s Singles titles Winner of most Men’s Doubles titles
Before 1968: After 1967: Before 1968:
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1881, 1882, 1883, 1884, 1885, 1886, 1887 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 1882, 1883, 1884, 1885, 1886, 1887 1882, 1883, 1884, 1885, 1886, 1887
After 1967:
4
1968, 1974, 1978, 1980 1968, 1974, 1978, 1980 1979, 1981, 1983, 1989 1882, 1883, 1884, 1885, 1886, 1887 1882, 1883, 1884, 1885, 1886, 1887
Winner of most consecutive Men’s Doubles titles
Before 1968:
6
After 1967:
Todd Wood- 2 bridge Mark Woodforde Bill Tilden Bill Talbert 4
1995, 1996 1995, 1996
Winner of most Mixed Doubles titles - Men
Before 1968: After 1967: Before 1968: After 1967:
1913, 1914, 1922, 1923 1943, 1944, 1945, 1946 1990, 1993, 2001 2003, 2004, 2006 1913–1929 (7 singles, 5 men’s doubles, 4 mixed doubles) 1979–1989 (4 singles, 4 men’s doubles)
Todd Wood- 3 bridge Bob Bryan Bill Tilden John McEnroe 16 8
Winner of most Championships (total: singles, men’s doubles, mixed doubles) Men
Women since 1887 Winner of most Before Women’s Singles 1968: titles After 1967: / Molla Bjurstedt Mallory Chris Evert 8 1915, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1926 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1980, 1982
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Winner of most Before consecutive 1968: Women’s Singles titles After 1967: Winner of most Women’s Doubles titles Before 1968: After 1967: Winner of most consecutive Women’s Doubles titles Before 1968: After 1967: / Molla Bjurstedt Mallory Helen Jacobs Chris Evert Margaret Osborne duPont / Martina Navrátilová Margaret Osborne duPont 4 1915, 1916, 1917, 1918 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935
US Open (tennis)
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1975, 1976, 1977, 1978 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1945, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1955, 1956, 1957 1977, 1978, 1980, 1983, 1984, 1986, 1987, 1989, 1990 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1945, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950 2002, 2003, 2004 2002, 2003, 2004
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Virginia 3 Ruano Pascual Paola Suárez Margaret Osborne duPont Margaret Court Margaret Osborne duPont Margaret Court Billie Jean King / Martina Navrátilová Margaret Osborne duPont Margaret Court Margaret Osborne duPont / Martina Navrátilová Pete Sampras 8
Winner of most Mixed Doubles titles - Women
Alltime:
1943, 1959, 1961, 1970,
1944, 1945, 1946, 1950, 1958, 1960 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1969, 1972
Before 1968: After 1967:
8
1943, 1944, 1945, 1946, 1950, 1958, 1959, 1960 1969, 1970, 1972 1971, 1973, 1976 1985, 1987, 2006
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Winner of most Championships (total: singles, women’s doubles, mixed doubles) women
Alltime:
25 18
1941–1960 (3 singles, 13 women’s doubles, 9 mixed doubles) 1961-1975 (5 singles, 5 women’s doubles, 8 mixed doubles) 1941–1960 (3 singles, 13 women’s doubles, 9 mixed doubles) 1977–2006 (4 singles, 9 women’s doubles, 3 mixed doubles)
Before 1968: After 1967:
25
16
Miscellaneous Youngest winner(single) Men: Women: 19 years and 1 month
Tracy Austin 16 years and 8 months • 1997 - Patrick Rafter (Australia) d. Greg Rusedski (United Kingdom)
• 1989 - Boris Becker (West Germany) d. Ivan Lendl (Czechoslovakia)
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Preceded by Wimbledon Preceded by New Haven Grand Slam Tournament August-September US Open Series July-September
US Open (tennis)
Succeeded by Australian Open Succeeded by None • Singles U.S. Open Final Appearances
• 1998 - Patrick Rafter (Australia) d. Mark Philippoussis (Australia) • 2004 - Roger Federer (Switzerland) d. Lleyton Hewitt (Australia) • 2007 - Roger Federer (Switzerland) d. Novak Djokovic (Serbia) • 2008 - Roger Federer (Switzerland) d. Andy Murray (United Kingdom)
Media coverage
• The 2008 Open was broadcast in the United States on CBS Sports and the USA Network. • Beginning in 2009, the tournament will be broadcast on CBS, ESPN2, and the Tennis Channel. • The tournament is broadcast in Canada on TSN, TSN HD, and TSN2. • The tournament is broadcast in the United Kingdom on Sky Sports 2, Sky Sports Xtra, and on Eurosport for the UK and Germany. • In Spain, the tournament is broadcast on Digital plus and Antena 3. • In India and Pakistan, the US Open is broadcast on the channel Ten Sports. • In Japan, the tournament has been broadcast on WOWOW since 1992.
Women’s singles
• 1937 - Anita Lizana (Chile) d. Jadwiga Jedrzejowska (Poland) • 1959 - Maria Bueno (Brazil) d. Christine Truman Janes (United Kingdom) • 1963 - Maria Bueno (Brazil) d. Margaret Court (Australia) • 1973 - Margaret Court (Australia) d. Evonne Goolagong Cawley (Australia) • 1988 - Steffi Graf (West Germany) d. Gabriela Sabatini (Argentina) • 1990 - Gabriela Sabatini (Argentina) d. Steffi Graf (West Germany) • 1992 - Monica Seles (Yugoslavia) d. Arantxa Sanchez Vicario (Spain) • 1993 - Steffi Graf (Germany) d. Helena Sukova (Czech Republic) • 1994 - Arantxa Sanchez Vicario (Spain) d. Steffi Graf (Germany) • 2003 - Justine Henin (Belgium) d. Kim Clijsters (Belgium) • 2004 - Svetlana Kuznetsova (Russia) d. Elena Dementieva (Russia) • 2005 - Kim Clijsters (Belgium) d. Mary Pierce (France) • 2006 - Maria Sharapova (Russia) d. Justine Henin (Belgium) • 2007 - Justine Henin (Belgium) d. Svetlana Kuznetsova (Russia)
See also
• US Open Series • List of tennis players
References
[1] "Replay Statistics". US Open official homepage. http://www.usopen.org/ en_US/scores/instant_replay/ instant_replay.html?promo=homepage.
External links
• Official Site • Satellite image of the venue (Google Maps) Coordinates: 40°44′59.26″N 73°50′45.91″W / 40.7497944°N 73.8460861°W / 40.7497944; -73.8460861
Champions
• • • • • Men’s Singles Women’s Singles Men’s Doubles Women’s Doubles Mixed Doubles
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US_Open_(tennis)" Categories: US Open Series Tournaments, U.S. Open (tennis), Tennis tournaments in the United States, Hard court tennis tournaments, CBS Sports, Recurring events established in 1881
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US Open (tennis)
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