Motivational Activities to Support Key Stage 3 and Key Stage 4 Science
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
The activities in this pack have been produced by the science department at Canon Williamson Church of England High School, Salford. The project was supported by a Best practice Research Fellowship from the DfES and funding from the Key Stage 3 Science Strategy Pilot. Many are based on ideas shared by Paul Ginnis in training sessions on teaching and learning. All the activities have been used as starts or ends of lessons and have been shown to increase pupil’s motivation and enjoyment of science. Some are based on common board and parlour games, but we prefer to call them:
Motivational Activities to Support Key Stage 3 and Key Stage 4 Science
The team involved in producing the activities and trialling them were: Elizabeth Haddock, Assistant Headteacher, Canon Williamson CE High School Rachel Naylor, Head of Science, Canon Williamson CE High School Ian Rowlinson, Canon Williamson CE High School Vivienne Pendleton, Canon Williamson CE High School Chris Woodward, Canon Williamson CE High School Paul Craig, Inspector-Adviser Science, Salford LEA
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Teacher’s manual
Contents
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Blast furnace bingo Energopoly Sound waves Connect 4 Circle anagrams On the line Digrammatic Loop questions Quick on the draw Stuck for words
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
BLAST FURNACE BINGO
Bingo is an excellent game to reinforce vocabulary, particularly with lower ability pupils. The game is played by each pupil covering squares, on a card, when they match a word, with a meaning that has been read out. Vocabulary development and progression can occur through the following stages: 1. 2. 3. Or Read meaning out and pupils use their books. To make the game a list of approximately 15 words is needed. Write key words and meanings or cut and stick matching exercise. Read the meaning out, pupils put hands up to give the word it matches – play bingo. Read meaning out and pupils in silence play bingo
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Iron is made in this
This floats on the molten iron
Blown into the furnace to help make carbon dioxide The hot gases from the blast furnace do this
One of iron’s properties
Added to the blast furnace to remove acidic impurities
Added to the blast furnace to make carbon dioxide
Made by burning coke
These are removed The iron does this by limestone on top of the s###
This goes to the bottom of the blast furnace
How iron is found in the ground
This reduces the iron oxide
Taking the oxide from something
Iron is made into this
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
BLAST FURNACE – KEY WORDS
Iron Reduction Coke Hot air
CO2
Iron Ore
Oxidation
Limestone
Blast furnace
Fe2O3
CO
Molten iron
S###
Acid imp.
Floats
Carbon
Fe
Recycled
More Reactive
Less Reactive
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Iron Ore
Fe
Coke
Hot Air
Oxidation
Limestone
Reduction
Recycled
Limestone
Fe
Oxidation
Recycled
Blast Furnace
Coke
More Reactive
Hot Air
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
More Reactive
Fe2O3
Blast Furnace
Less Reactive
Recycled
Limestone
Hot Air
CO2
Blast Furnace
Hot Air
Iron
More Reactive
Fe203
CO
Iron Ore
Less Reactive
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Reduction
Coke
Acid Impurity
Hot air
Recycled
Less Reactive
Floats
More Reactive
Coke
Floats
CO2
Carbon
Hot Air
More Reactive
Iron
Less Reactive
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Less Reactive
Iron
Carbon
Iron Ore
Hot Air
Floats
Reduction
CO2
CO2
Carbon
Iron Ore
Oxidation
Fe
Reduction
Iron
Coke
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Iron Ore
Fe203
Recycled
Floats
Molten Iron
Carbon
S###
Fe
Carbon
Iron
S###
Recycled
Acid Impurities
Molten Iron
Reduction
Fe
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Coke
Fe
Iron
More Reactive
Recycled
Acid Impurities
Reduction
S###
Coke
Fe
Iron
More Reactive
Recycled
Acid Impurities
Reduction
S###
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
CO
Iron ore
S###
Molten Iron
Fe203
Oxidation
Less Reactive
Reduction
CO
Coke
S###
Less Reactive
Molten Iron
Limestone
Iron Ore
Oxidation
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
CO2
Molten Iron
Limestone
Oxidation
S###
CO
Blast Furnace
Acid Impurities
S###
CO2
Floats
Limestone
Hot Air
Blast Furnace
Acid Impurities
Fe203
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Acid Impurities
Iron Ore
Limestone
Floats
Blast Furnace
Fe2O3
Carbon
CO2
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Energopoly
How to play Pupils can play in groups of two upwards (a group of four works well). Each pupil has a counter or playing piece and rolls a dice in turn to decide how many spaces to move. If the player lands on a question the player to his left asks the question from the appropriate card. The cards are varying difficulty and carry varying rewards for correct answers and penalties for incorrect answers. Yellow cards are the easiest and the player either moves one place forward or backwards. Blue cards are the next hardest and the player either moves two places forward or two places backwards. Red cards are the most difficult and the player either moves three places forward or three places backwards. Finally orange cards are chance cards ( a mixture of red, yellow and blue) and the player either moves four places forward or four places backwards. Each player continues to roll the dice until they answer one question, if the answer they give moves to a roll again or another question then they do not continue. The game can be adapted to almost any topic and is also self differentiating, for example questions can be taken from Key Stage 4 syllabus whereby blue questions are foundation, yellow questions are foundation/higher and red questions are higher. Pupils can then be given the option of not answering red questions if they are foundation pupils or blue questions if they are higher pupils. Ideal as a revision aid for any KS3 or KS4 topic.
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
ENERGOPOLY!
Roll again Blue question Take a chance Red question Go back three spaces Yellow question Go forward two spaces Roll again Take a chance Red question
Go forward four spaces START
Roll again
BLUE QUESTIONS
YELLOW QUESTIONS
Go back three spaces Take a chance
RED QUESTIONS
FINISH
CHANCE
Blue question Go forward two spaces
Red Go back question CHANCE ten spaces
Take a chance
Yellow question
Blue question
Take a chance
Go back three spaces
Red question
Roll again
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
CHANCE
Q.
Calculate the gravitational potential of a chair of weight 200N which is 2 metres off the ground.
Q.
What are the three ways by which heat can be transferred?
A:
400 Joules
A. Conduction, convection and radiation.
Q.
Name a renewable energy resource that could be used in Spain to produce electricity Solar power.
Q.
Name a nuclear fuel
A.
Uranium or plutionium
A.
A. Q.
Solar power Name a renewable fuel
A.
Wood or biomass
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
CHANCE
Q.
Name a disadvantage of wind power
Q.
Name a renewable energy resource
A. It produces low power output
A. Geothermal, wind, solar, hydroelectricity, tidal or wave.
Q. What is power measured in?
Q. Name a fossil fuel
A. Watts or kilowatts
A. Coal, oil or gas
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
HARD
Q. Why do metals conduct heat?
Q. which surface would emit and absorb the most radiation? A. Dark matt surface
A. Because of free electrons
Q. Which type of thermal energy transfer contains electromagnetic waves?
Q. Name the unit of electrical energy.
A. Infra-red radiation
A. Kilowatt Hour
Q. If a light bulb transfers 100 Joules of energy but only 30 joules are light, how efficient is it? A. 30%
Q. Which type of fuel is the most dangerous to use in a power station? A. Nuclear, Plutonium or Uranium.
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
HARD
Q. Why do metals conduct heat?
Q. Which surface would emit and absorb the most radiation?
A. Because of free electrons
A. Dark matt surfaces
Q. Which type of thermal energy transfer contains electromagnetic waves?
Q. Name the unit of electrical energy.
A. Infra-red radiation
A. Kilowatt hour
Q. If a light bulb transfers 100 Joules of energy but only 30 Jules are light, how efficient is it?
Q. Which type of fuel is the most dangerous to use in a power station?
A. 30%
A. Nuclear, Plutonium or Uranium
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
HARD
Q. Which is the most effective way of reducing heat loss in homes?
Q. Name the wasted energy in a motor car.
A. Loft insulation
A. Sound and heat
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
MEDIUM
Q. What is the unit of energy?
Q What is the equation for power?
A. Joules
A: Power = energy divided by time
Q. What is the energy transfer in a Hi-fi?
Q. Name something that changes electrical energy into kinetic energy. A. Washer, hoover, hairdryer or lawnmower.
A. Electrical to Sound
Q. Name two things that energy can be measured in.
Q. How many electrical units would a 1 kw hairdryer use in 30 minutes?
A. Joules and Kilowatt hours
A. A half
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
MEDIUM
Q. Name the three fossil fuels
Q. What gas produces global warming?
A. Coal, oil and gas
A. Carbon dioxide
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
EASY
Q. What do we call fuels that cannot be replaced?
Q. Name a renewable fuel
A. Non-renewable
A. Wood or biomass
Q. Name a renewable energy resource A. Solar, wind, geothermal, tidal, hydroelectricity or wave.
Q. How would you reduce the heat loss through walls?
A. Cavity wall insulation
Q. What is energy measured in?
Q. What does the electricity board use to measure energy?
A. Joules or kilojoules
A. Kilowatt hours or Units
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
EASY.
Q. Name something that produces light
Q. What is the energy transfer for a kettle?
A. Light bulb, lamp or the sun
A. Electrical to heat (+ sound)
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
SOUND GAME
Each group to have a set of cards with sound waves on. Play the sounds and pupils must put the cards in the correct order. Check their order before repeating the sounds but in a different sequence
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
CONNECT FOUR
Pupils play in pairs or in a group of three (the third person being the judge). The object of the game is to make a line of four counters of the same colour (diagonal, vertical or horizontal.) Counters contain the answers to questions that are on the squares on the board. If a pupil puts the wrong answer down then he can be challenged and loses his go. The game can be played using gravity (i.e. counters placed at the bottom of the board first). The game can be adapted to suit almost any topic and can be differentiated to any level. Topics that have been tired and tested include. Solids, liquids and gases Waves and radiation Conduction, convection and radiation Bodies in motion Pollination Electrolysis of brine Rocks Health
All of these have been used effectively for revision as well as to reinforce work covered during the lesson as a summing up activity.
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Conduction, Convection and Radiation Connect 4
Light shiny surfaces are good_________ This type of thermal energy transfer does not need particles This is put in houses to reduce the heat lost through the roof. This state of matter is good convection Dark matt surfaces Metals are good are good _______ conductors because of these This type of energy can travel through a vacuum The ways by which thermal energy can be transferred Metals are good _________ of heat Energy transferred without the substance moving is called ___________ This state of matter is a good conductor Non metals are good ________ Infra red radiation travels using this
Liquids and gases become this when heated
This uses trapped air to reduce the amount of heat lost
Gases and liquids are very poor at this
Travels through space using waves
These are in metals These types of but not in non surfaces do not metals emit much radiation The three ways by which the thermal energy can be transferred Paper is a good ____________ These are used in order to reduce heat lost through doors Hot air is _____________ Than cold air
These types of surface do not reflect radiation
Light shiny surfaces are good _________
This type of energy travels using waves
This uses trapped air in order to reduce heat loss
Metals are good _____________
A thermos flask reduces these
Gases and liquids are good at this
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Reflectors
Absorbers
Free electrons
Insulators
Conductors
Electromagnetic waves Double glazing
Radiation
Conduction, Infra-red radiation convection and radiation
Conduction
Less Dense
Loft insulation
Solid
Light, shiny
Liquid
Draught excluders
Convection
Dark, matt
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Circle anagrams
Anagrams are a fun way of testing pupil’s knowledge of key words. A variety of game formats can be used, a popular TV quiz programme asks contestants to solve anagrams against the clock. Anagrams can be solved by pupils writing their answers on small whiteboards and holding them up. Team games can be encouraged. Red and green cards are a good way of encouraging pupils to indicate if they know the answer. Some anagrams of forces are included on the next page which should test pupil’s knowledge of this topic from Key Stage 2 The last page has a circular grid for writing in anagrams - a slightly different approach.
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
ewNont ocfre emvontem uhsp nbde
lneacbe poles asms iswtt
gamtmsietn
ivytrga ctinorfi getwih lpul tsecthr
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
On the line
Cloning and ethical issues
1. Photocopy the statement cards and cut up into as many sets as needed. Copy the two issue cards onto card. 2. Arrange for two pupils to hold each end of a length of rope or string across the front of the room. On each end of the rope put the issue cards. You can use pegs etc for this. Explain that the string represents a continuum between the two extremes. 3. Ask for a volunteer to come out and by just holding on to the rope show how much they agree with either statement. The middle means that they have no strong views either way, closer to one end or the other represents a level of agreement with that statement. 4. Other pupils can now indicate their position on the issues. If they want to say why they have touched the rope at a certain point they can but don’t have to. 5. In small groups or individually they now read the statement cards and begin to group them as either advantages or disadvantages from their point of view. 6. Whole class discussion can then be used for pupils to say how they sorted the cards and give reasons for their choices. 7. The cards could then be used as key phrases to structure a written account about cloning. 8. The activity can be adapted to most other science topics that may be contentious or have polarised views or answers. It could be used to start or end a lesson without any card sorting as a quick review or elicitation of pupils’ attitudes to the issue.
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Cloning could eliminate (get rid of) genetic diseases Cloning could produce disease resistant food crops and animals
Cloning could be used to make another Florence Nightingale Cloning could be used to make super humans
Cloning could be used to produce organs for transplantation Cloning could be used to produce desirable plants for garden centres Cloning could be used to produce embryos on which to experiment Cloning could be used to make another Einstein
Cloning could be used Cloning could be used to produce animals that to make everyone look make human insulin exactly the same Cloning could be used to make stem cells to repair human cells and tissues Cloning allows humans to play God
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
CLONING IS BENEFICIAL TO SOCIETY CLONING IS HARMFUL TO SOCIETY
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Diagrammatic Year 7 Energy
1. Divide the class into groups of four and decide on a time limit for the game. This can be shortened each time if the game is used for revision. The first pupil has the set of cards and draws a picture to represent the word on the first card. The other members of the team have to guess what the person is drawing When the word is guessed the next card is turned over and another pupil draws the picture. Continue until the time is up and the winning team is the one who have drawn and guessed the most words. To differentiate the game the list of key words can be given out. The cards marked with an asterisk are more difficult and teams can opt to ‘pass’ on them.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Key Words Light Sound Heat Nuclear Strain * Electrical Gravitational Chemical Kinetic Potential * Fossil fuels Coal Oil Gas Wind mill Stored
Year 7 Energy Wind Wave Tidal Solar Hydro-electric * Pollution Energy * Fuel Petrol Bunsen burner Thermometer Kilojoule * Flame Wind farm
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Light
Gravitational
Sound
Heat
Chemical
Nuclear
Potential *
Fossil Fuels
Coal
Strain *
Kinetic
Electrical
Oil
Hydro-electric*
Gas
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Wind mill
Pollution
Stored
Wind
Energy *
Wave
Tidal
Fuel
Solar Flame
Petrol
Bunsen burner
Thermometer
Joule *
Windfarm
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Loop Questions
Any topic can be revised regularly using loop questions. The number of questions can vary with the topic but the number of pupils in the class or group needs to be considered. The game can be played with he whole class but this would need up to 30 questions. The game could be played in teams competing against the clock so fewer questions are needed. The game can be played regularly so that teams can beat their previous time. Shuffling the questions each time gives all pupils the opportunity to answer different questions. The game is simply played by the teacher or team captain reading the first question. Whoever has the answer reads it out and then asks the question on their card or slip of paper. This continues until the last question is answered by the teacher or team captain. Immediate feedback and revision can be carried out during the game and misconceptions addressed. The questions and answers can be printed on opposite sides of cards or on slips of paper as in the example on plants given here.
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Leaves carry out the making of food by Roots take in To make food plants need energy in the form of As well as energy to make food plants need For mineral salts to get into plants from the soil they have to Water and dissolved nutrients travel up the stem in tubes called The three most important mineral salts that plants need are Plants attract insects by having The male reproductive parts of plants are called The female reproductive parts of plants are called Pollination is the joining together of Two ways in which seeds can be dispersed are by Roots take in water by the process of
Osmosis Wind and animals Photosynthesis Water and nutrients Light Water and carbon dioxide Xylem and phloem Pollen and ovules Dissolve in water Nitrates, phosphates and potassium salts Coloured petals Anthers Stigma, style and ovary
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
QUICK ON THE DRAW
This game can be used to make topics more interesting by introducing a competitive edge. It is a very good way of ensuring that pupils interact effectively with text. Two sets of cards are given as examples. They are related to standard GCSE text books and cover two topics on metals and electromagnetic radiation. The second example is differentiated by including the page numbers where the information can be found. These examples are based on the series ‘Target Science’ published by Oxford.
Instructions
1. Each pupil or group of pupils has a different colour pile of cards. Each pile has the same questions with a page reference. The teacher keeps the piles of questions. A pupil collects a question from the teacher and finds the answer. The answer must be brought back to the teacher when collecting the next question. The pupil/team to answer all the questions successfully is/are the winners.
2. 3. 4. 5.
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
1. At what speed do electromagnetic waves travel?
2. What type of radiation is given off by fires?
3. Which type of 4. Which type of electromagnetic radiation electromagnetic radiation can has the shortest be used to sterilise medical wavelength? instruments?
5. Name the part of the electromagnetic spectrum used for satellite communication.
6. Which type of electromagnetic radiation is commonly associated with skin cancer?
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
7. Which type of electromagnetic radiation can kill and cause cancer cells?
8. What type of electromagnetic radiation is used for terrestrial television?
9. Which type of electromagnetic radiation makes certain substances fluorescent?
10. Which is the only type of electromagnetic radiation that can be detected by the human eye?
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
1. What is the symbol for iron?
2. What is the formula of iron oxide?
p207 3. Why is iron used more than any other metals
p178 4. Why has iron to protected before it is used?
p180 p178 5. Give 5 ways of preventing rusting. 6. What 2 metals are used to plate iron?
p180
p180
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
7. What is an alloy?
8. What is the main metal added to iron to make alloys
p32 9. What is the most expensive form of corrosion protection? p180/181
p181 10. What is the problem of using too many metals?
p178
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Stuck for Words
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. This game can be played in teams of 2 or 4 pupils. Teams play against another team. In turn, each person in the team describes the key word on the top of their card to the pupils in their team. None of the forbidden words listed below their key word can be used in their description. One point is awarded for each correct answer to the description. A member of the opposing team stands behind the pupil describing the key word to ensure that they do not use a forbidden word. If a forbidden word is used and noticed by the opposite team the point is awarded to the opposition.
7.
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Acid rain
sulphur dioxide pollution trees
Producer
photosynthesis plant food
Consumer
animal eats plant
Micro organisms
bacteria virus decay
Decay
micro organisms rot decompose
Carbon cycle
carbon dioxide recycle pollution
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Nitrogen cycle
nitrates protein ammonia
Biomass
mass weight pyramid
Food chain
food web arrow eat
Food web
food chain arrow eat
Population
numbers species organism
Adaptation
feature environment survive
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual
Pollution
smoke river air
Eutrophication
algae fertiliser micro organism
Competition
win fight food
Deforestation
trees forest chop
Games Pack – Teacher’s manual