From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A. R. Rahman
A. R. Rahman
A. R. Rahman
Working in India’s various film industries, international cinema and theatre, by 2003, Rahman, in a career spanning over a decade, has sold more than 100 million records of his film scores and soundtracks worldwide,[2] and sold over 200 million cassettes,[3] making him one of the world’s all-time top selling recording artists. Time magazine has referred to him as the "Mozart of Madras" and several Tamil commentators have coined him the nickname Isai Puyal (Tamil: ????? ?????; English: Music Storm).[4] In 2009, the magazine placed Rahman in the Time 100 list of ’World’s Most Influential People’.[5]
Early life and influences
A. R. Rahman was born in a musically affluent Tamil family. His father R. K. Shekhar, was a Chennai based composer and conductor for Malayalam films. Rahman lost his father at a young age and his family rented out musical equipment as a source of income. He was raised by his mother Kareema (Kashturi), who was from a Muslim family[6]. During these formative years, Rahman served as a keyboard player and an arranger in bands such as "Roots", with childhood friend and percussionist Sivamani, John Anthony, Suresh Peters, JoJo and Raja.[7] Rahman is the founder of the Chennai-based rock group, "Nemesis Avenue".[8] He played the keyboard and piano, the synthesizer, the harmonium and the guitar. His curiosity in the synthesizer, in particular increased because, he says, it was the “ideal combination of music and technology".[9] He began early training in music under Master Dhanraj. At the age of 11, he joined, as a keyboardist, the troupe of Ilaiyaraaja,[9] one of many composers to whom musical instruments belonging to Rahman’s father were rented. Rahman later played in the orchestra of M. S. Viswanathan and Ramesh Naidu, accompanied Zakir Hussain, Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan and L. Shankar on world tours and obtained a scholarship to the Trinity College of Music where he graduated with a degree in Western classical music.[10]
Background information Birth name Also known as Born Genre(s) Occupation(s) A. S. Dileep Kumar A. R. Rahman January 6, 1966 (1966-01-06) Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Film score, Theatre, World Music Composer, record producer, music director, singer, instrumentalist, arranger, programmer 1985-present A. R. Rahman.com
Years active Website
Allah Rakha Rahman (Tamil: ?.???.???????; born January 6, 1966 as A. S. Dileep Kumar (?????? ??????) in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India) is an Indian film composer, record producer, musician and singer. His film scoring career began in the early 1990s. He has won thirteen Filmfare Awards, four National Film Awards, a BAFTA Award, a Golden Globe and two Academy Awards.[1]
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A. R. Rahman
orchestral and choral arrangements.[7] Musical cues in scores for Sangamam and Iruvar employed Carnatic vocals and instruments such as the veena with leads of rock guitar and jazz.[21] In the 2000s Rahman created hit scores for Rajiv Menon’s Kandukondain Kandukondain, Alaipayuthey, Ashutosh Gowariker’s Swades and Rang De Basanti.[22] He composed songs with Hindustani motifs for Water (2005). Rahman has worked with Indian poets and lyricists such as Gulzar, Mehboob, Vairamuthu and Vaali. His collaborations with some film directors have always resulted in successful soundtracks, particularly with the director Mani Ratnam who he has worked with since Roja, all of which have been hits, and the director S. Shankar in the films Gentleman, Kadhalan, Indian, Jeans, Mudhalvan, Nayak, Boys and Sivaji.[23] Rahman attached and opened a developed extension studio to his Panchathan Record Inn in 2005 called AM Studios in Kodambakkam, Chennai — considered to be the most developed, equipped and high tech studio in Asia.[24][25] In 2006, Rahman launched his own music label, KM Music.[26] Its first release was his score to the film Sillunu Oru Kaadhal. Rahman scored the Mandarin language picture Warriors of Heaven and Earth in 2003 after researching and utilizing Chinese and Japanese classical music, and co-scored the Shekhar Kapoor helmed Elizabeth: The Golden Age in 2007. His compositions have been reused in scores within India[27] and have made appearances in Inside Man, Lord of War and The Accidental Husband. In 2008, he scored the Slumdog Millionaire soundtrack, for which he won a Golden Globe and two Academy Awards, becoming the first Indian citizen to do so.
Career
Film scoring and soundtracks
In 1992, Rahman began his own music recording and mixing studio attached to the backyard of his house called the Panchathan Record Inn, which was developed into India’s most advanced recording studio.[11] He initially composed music jingles for advertisements, Indian Television channels and music scores in documentaries, among other projects. In 1992, he was approached by film director Mani Ratnam to compose the score and soundtrack for Ratnam’s Tamil film Roja.[11] The debut led Rahman to receive the Rajat Kamal award for Best Music Director at the National Film Awards, the first time ever by a first-time film composer. Rahman has since then gone on to win the award three more times (for his scores for Minsaara Kanavu (Electric Dreams, Tamil) in 1997, Lagaan (Tax, Hindi) in 2002, Kannathil Muthamittal (A Peck on the Cheek, Tamil) in 2003, the most ever by any composer.[12] Roja’s score met with high sales and acclaim, in its original and dubbed versions, bringing about a marked change in film music at the time, and Rahman followed this with successful scores for Tamil–language films of the Chennai film industry including Ratnam’s politically charged Bombay, the urbanite Kadhalan, Bharathiraaja’s Karuththamma, the saxophonic Duet, Indira, and the romantic comedies Mr. Romeo and Love Birds, which gained him considerable notice.[13][14] His fanbase in Japan increased with Muthu ’s success there.[15] His soundtracks gained him recognition in the Tamil Nadu film industry and across the world for his stylistic versatality in his pieces including in Western classical, Carnatic, Tamil traditional/folk, jazz, reggae and rock music.[16][17][18] The Bombay Theme—from Ratnam’s Bombay—would later reappear in Deepa Mehta’s Fire and various compilations and media. Rangeela, directed by Ram Gopal Varma, marked Rahman’s debut for Hindilanguage films made in the Mumbai film industry. Many successful scores for films including Dil Se and the percussive Taal followed.[19][20] Sufi mysticism would form the basis of Chaiyya Chaiyya from the former and the composition "Zikr" from his score of the film Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose: The Forgotten Hero for which he created large
Other works
Rahman has been involved in several projects aside from film. He made an album Vande Mataram (1997) on India’s 50th anniversary of independence to commercial success.[28][29] He followed it up with an album for the Bharat Bala–directed video Jana Gana Mana, a conglomeration of performances by many leading exponents/artists of Indian classical music. Rahman has written jingles for ads and composed several orchestrations for athletic events, T.V. and internet media publications, documentaries and short films.
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A. R. Rahman
other genres, layering instruments from differing music idioms in an improvisatory manner.[7] Symphonic orchestral themes have accompanied his scores, where he has employed leitmotif. In the 1980s, Rahman recorded and played arrangements on mono, synonymous with the era of predecessors such as K. V. Mahadevan and Vishwanathan–Ramamoorthy, but later his methodology changed. Rahman worked and experimented on fusing traditional instruments with new electronic sounds and technology.[7] His interest and outlook in music stems from his love of experimentation.[10] Rahman’s compositions, in the vein of past and contemporary Chennai film composers, bring out auteuristic uses of counterpoint, orchestration and the human voice, evolving Indian pop music with unique timbres, forms and instrumentation. By virtue of these qualities, broad ranging lyrics and his syncretic style, his themes appeal to several sections of Indian society.[31] His first soundtrack for Roja was listed in TIME’s "10 Best Soundtracks" of all time in 2005. Film critic Richard Corliss felt the "astonishing debut work parades Rahman’s gift for alchemizing outside influences until they are totally Tamil, totally Rahman."[32] Rahman’s initial global reach is attributed to the South Asian diaspora. Described as one of the most innovative composers to ever work in the industry, his unique style and immense success transformed film music in the 1990s prompting several film producers to take film music more seriously.[33] The music producer Ron Fair considers Rahman to be "one of the world’s great living composers in any medium".[34] The director Baz Luhrmann notes "I had come to the music of A. R. Rahman through the emotional and haunting score of Bombay and the wit and celebration of Lagaan. But the more of AR’s music I encountered the more I was to be amazed at the sheer diversity of styles: from swinging brass bands to triumphant anthems; from joyous pop to West-End musicals. Whatever the style, A. R. Rahman’s music always possesses a profound sense of humanity and spirit, qualities that inspire me the most.[35]
Slumdog Millionaire - Rahman won two Academy Awards for the film’s soundtrack. In 1999 Rahman, along with choreographers Shobhana and Prabhu Deva Sundaram and a Tamil cinema dancing troupe performed with Michael Jackson in Munich, Germany, for his "Michael Jackson and Friends Concert." In 2002, he composed his maiden stage production Bombay Dreams (2002) following a commission from musical theatre composer Andrew Lloyd Webber, a success in London’s West End. With Finnish folk music band Värttinä, he wrote the music for The Lord of the Rings theatre production and in 2004, Rahman composed the piece "Raga’s Dance" for Vanessa-Mae’s album Choreography.[12] In the last six years, Rahman has performed three successful world tours of his concerts to audiences in Singapore, Australia, Malaysia, Dubai, UK, Canada, the US (Hollywood Bowl and 3d tour) and India.[12] He has been collaborating with Karen David for her upcoming studio album. A two-disc soundtrack, Introducing A. R. Rahman (2006) featuring 25 pieces he composed from his Tamil film scores was released in May 2006. His non-film album, Connections was launched on 12 December, 2008.
Music style and impact
Skilled in Carnatic music,[30] Western classical, Hindustani music and the Qawwali style of Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Rahman has been noted to write film songs that amalgamate elements of these music systems and
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A. R. Rahman
helping orphans in Banda Aceh, one of the areas worst affected by the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami. He produced the single "We Can Make It Better" by Don Asian alongside Mukhtar Sahota.[40] In 2008, Rahman opened his KM Music Conservatory partnered with Audio Media Education facility to tutor and train aspiring musicians in vocals, instruments, music technology and sound design. The conservatory – with preeminent musicians on its panel and a newly founded symphony orchestra – is located near his studio in Kodambakkam, Chennai, offering courses at Beginners, Foundation and Diploma level.[41] Rahman composed the theme music for a short film for The Banyan in 2006, in aid of destitute women in Chennai. In 2008, Rahman, along with percussionist Sivamani created a song titled "Jiya Se Jiya", inspired by the Free Hugs Campaign and promoted it through a video shot in various cities in India.
Awards
Rahman was the 1995 recipient of the Mauritius National Award and the Malaysian Award for contributions to music. He was nominated for a Laurence Olivier Award for his first West-End production. A four-time National Film Award winner and conferred the Padma Shri from the Government of India, Rahman has also received six Tamil Nadu State Film Awards, thirteen Filmfare Awards and twelve Filmfare Awards South for his music and scores. In 2006, he received an honorary award from Stanford University for contributions to global music.[36] In 2009, for his score of Slumdog Millionaire, Rahman won the Critics’ Choice Award, the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score,[37] the BAFTA Award for Best Film Music, and two Academy Awards for Best Original Music Score and Best Original Song at the 2009 Oscars. Anna University followed the success at Academy Awards by announcing an honorary doctorate to be conferred to him in Media Sciences.
Filmography
Further information: discography A. R. Rahman
Personal life
He is married to Saira Banu and has three children, Khadijah, Rahima, and Aameen. Rahman is the uncle of composer G. V. Prakash Kumar, who is the son of Rahman’s elder sister, A. R. Reihana. He is related to south indian actor Rahman. Rahman is a practising Sufi Muslim. He had become an atheist as a result of childhood struggles, he eventually converted in to Islam in 1989, the religion of his mother’s family[38]. He is very devoted to his mother. During the Oscar Award, he paid her a tribute saying: "There is a Hindi dialogue ’mere pass ma hai’ which means even if I have got nothing I have my mother here."[39]
As music director
Year Film 1992 Roja Language Tamil
N
W W D W L 2
Yodha 1993 Pudhiya Mugam Gentleman
Malayalam Tamil Tamil
W D W
Kizhakku Cheemayile Uzhavan Thiruda Thiruda
Tamil Tamil Tamil
Social service
Rahman is involved in various charitable causes. In 2004, he was appointed as the Global Ambassador of the Stop TB Partnership, a project by WHO.[12] He has shown support to charities including Save the Children, India, and worked with Cat Stevens / Yusuf Islam for his song "Indian Ocean" . The song featured a-ha keyboard player Magne Furuholmen and Travis drummer, Neil Primrose. The proceeds of the song went towards
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A. R. Rahman
1994 Vandicholai Chinraasu Super Police Duet May Madham Kadhalan
Tamil 1999 En Swasa Kaatre Telugu Tamil Tamil Tamil Padayappa Kadhalar Dhinam Taal
Tamil Tamil Tamil Hindi
W
Winner, Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best M Sangamam Tamil W Director D Winner, Filmfare Best Music Director Award (Ta Jodi Tamil Takshak Mudhalvan Hindi Tamil
Pavithra Karuththamma Pudhiya Mannargal Manitha Manitha Gangmaster 1995 Bombay
Tamil Tamil Tamil
W
Indira Rangeela
Taj Mahal Tamil Tamil 2000 Pukar Hindi Telugu Alaipayuthey Tamil W Tamil Winner, Tamil Kandukondain Award for Best M Nadu State Film Kandukondain Tamil Director Fiza Hindi 1 Winner, Filmfare Best Music Director Award (Ta Rhythm Tamil Tamil Thenali Tamil Hindi Winner, Filmfare Best Music Director Award Zubeidaa Hindi Winner, Filmfare RD Burman Award for New Mu 2001 Talent Ka 4 One 2 Hindi Tamil Tamil Tamil Tamil Hindi Tamil Most successful Indian soundtrack in Japan [15] Nayak: The Real Hero Hindi Love You Hamesha Lagaan Hindi Hindi
Muthu 1996 Love Birds Indian Kadhal Desam Fire Mr. Romeo 1997 Anthimanthaarai Minsara Kanavu (Sapnay)
W W Winner, Filmfare Best Music Director Award (Ta Star Tamil Parthale Paravasam Tamil
Tamil Tamil 2002 Alli Arjuna Kannathil Muthamittal Tamil W Tamil Winner, National Film Award for Best Music Dire W Winner, Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best M Director The Legend of Bhagat Singh Hindi W Winner, Filmfare Best Music Director Award (Ta Baba Tamil Tamil Hindi Kadhal Virus Tamil Hindi Tamil Tamil Saathiya Tamil 2003 Parasuram Tamil Boys Hindi Warriors of Heaven and Earth Hindi Tamil Hindi
Iruvar Daud: Fun On The Run Ratchagan Mona Lisa Vishwavidhaata Kabhi Na Kabhi 1998 Jeans Dil Se
W
Mandarin, English, Hindi Winner, Filmfare Best Music Director Award (Ta Enakku Filmfare Best Tamil Winner,20 Unakku 18 Music Director Award "Chaiyya Chaiyya" was 9th in BBC World Service Kangalal Kaithu Sei Tamil songs of all time [42] Tehzeeb Hindi
Earth Doli Saja Ke Rakhna
Hindi Hindi
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A. R. Rahman
2004 Udhaya Lakeer - Forbidden Lines Meenaxi: A Tale of Three Cities Aayitha Ezhuthu Yuva New Naani Dil Ne Jise Apna Kahaa Swades Kisna - The Warrior Poet
Tamil 2009 Delhi 6 Hindi Hindi Tamil Hindi Tamil Telugu Hindi Hindi Hindi Blue Puli Nair San
Hindi
Japanese, F Malayalam, Mandarin, Mongolian Hindi Telugu
F
F
2005 Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose: The Hindi Forgotten Hero Mangal Pandey - The Rising Anbe Aaruyire Water
Ashokavanam Tamil F 3 songs Raavan Hindi F Winner, Filmfare Best Background Score Award Chennaiyil Oru Mazhaikalam Tamil F Nominated, Filmfare Best Music Director Award Manavar Dhinam Tamil F 2 song Sultan The Warrior Tamil F Vinnaithaandi Varuvaaya Tamil Tamil
F
Hindi 2010 Endhiran The 19th Step Tamil Hindi
F
English, F Tamil, 5 songs Japanese 1 song longlisted for 2007 Academy Award for Be Rukumini Tamil D ginal Song nomination
2006 Rang De Basanti
Sillunu Oru Kaadhal Varalaru 2007 Guru Sajni Provoked Sivaji: The Boss Azhagiya Thamizh Magan Elizabeth: The Golden Age 2008 Jodhaa Akbar
Jaane Tu Ya Jaane Na ADA: A Way of Life Sakkarakatti Yuvvraaj Ghajini Slumdog Millionaire
Winner, Filmfare Best Music Director Award 2 songs longlisted for 2007 Academy Award for B Original Song nomination [43] [1] "It’s a bridge for Indian cinema: A R Rahman". Time Tamil Winner, Filmfare Best Retrieved on February 26 articleshow/4179888.cms.Music Director Award (Ta Tamil [2] "Indian film composer for Rings". BBC. 2003. http:// Retrieved on November 15 2008. Hindi Winner, Filmfare Best Music Director Award [3] Das Gupta, Surajeet; Best Background Score Award Winner, Filmfare Sen, Soumik. "Composing a wi sep/21bizsp.htm. Retrieved on November 15 2008. Kannada [4] All About Rahman - Oscars 2009 Special Hindi [5] The 2009 TIME 100 - A.R. Rahman TIME. Tamil [6] Interview:When did you convert to Islam?Award (Ta Winner, Filmfare Best Music Director http://ww [7] ^ Rangan, Baradwaj; Suhasini, Lalitha (14 June 200 Tamil http://www.desipundit.com/baradwajrangan/2008/06 English With Craig Armstrong on November 16, 2008. Hindi [8] Ganti, T., Bollywood: Best Background Score Hindi Winner, Filmfare A Guidebook to Popular Nominated, Month: Best Music Director Award [9] ^ "Artist of theFilmfare AR Rahman". TFM Page Mag Nominated, Retrieved on February 15 2007. jan06/?t=5568.Asian Film Award for Best Composer Hindi [10] ^ Srinivasan, Gopal (November 2002). "Composer E Winner, Filmfare Best Music Director Award Rahman". http://members.tripod.com/gopalhome/arr Hindi [11] ^ Eur, Andy Gregory, The International Who’s Who Tamil [12] ^ Iyer, Vijay. "A. R. Rahman". lotr.com. http://www.l Hindi November 15 2008. Hindi [13] Kasbekar, Asha (2006). Pop CultureDirector AwardA Nominated, Filmfare Best Music India!: Media, 9781851096367. http://books.google.co.uk/ English, Winner, Academy Award for Best Original Music books?id=Sv7Uk0UcdM8C&pg=PA215&dq=A.+R.+ Hindi Winner, Academy Award for Best Original Song South Indian films and some South Indian music dir Ho" enthusiastic national and even international followin Winner, BAFTA Award for Best Film Music [14] Chaudhuri, S., "Cinema of South India and Sri Lanka Winner, Golden Globe Award for Best Original S East, East Asia and South Asia, p. 149, "Now the So including its colour labs, state of the art digital tech improved the dubbing of Tamil and other South Indi [15] ^ Prasad, Ayappa (2003). "Films don’t believe in bor fullstory.php?content_id=5670. Retrieved on Novem Hindi
Notes
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A. R. Rahman
[16] Ramaswamy, V., Historical Dictionary of the [36] Prakash, B.S. (July 06, 2006). "Stanford University h Tamils, p. 199 [17] Chaudhuri, S., "Cinema of South India and Sri Lanka", Contemporary World Cinema: Europe, the Mid http://www.rediff.com/news/2006/jul/06bsp.htm. Ret East, East Asia and South Asia, p. 149, "Southern filmmakers like Mani Ratnam, Ram Gopal Varma a [37] "66th Annual Golden Globe Awards". IMDb. http://w Priyadarshan have altered the profile of Indian ’national’ cinema. So too have southern specialists... December 12 2008. cinematographers Santosh Sivan, P. C. Sriram and music composer A. R. Rahman to Islam?http://ww [38] Interview: When did you convert who formed a high successful team with Ratnam and have all attained star status in hai: Aown right" http://www.mid-da [39] Mere paas maa their R Rahman [18] Nambiar, Smitha. "A. R. Rahman - The Melody King". Indiainfo.com. http://movies.indiainfo.com/ Rahman.htm star_of_week/rahman.html. Retrieved on November 16 2008. [40] "LA Phil presents Hollywood Bowl: About the Perfor [19] Stafford, Roy, Understanding Audiences and the http://www.hollywoodbowl.com/music/artist_detail.c Film Industry, London: British Film Institute, p. 27, 9781844571413 [41] "Rahman’s music conservatory in June". Screen. http [20] Arnold, Alison (2000). "Film music in the late Twentieth century". The Garland Encyclopedia Novemb conservatory-in-June/285836/. Retrieved on of World Music. Taylor & Francis. pp. 540. ISBN 9780824049461. http://books.google.co.uk/ Service. http://w [42] "The World’s Top Ten". BBC World books?id=ZOlNv8MAXIEC&pg=RA2-PA555&dq=A.+R.+Rahman+tamil+film+music&lr=#PRA2-PA5 index.shtml. Retrieved on 2008-11-05. "The recent success of the Tamil film music director A. R. Rehman in achieving widespread popularit [43] "Rang De Basanti making waves at Oscars". Bollywo world of Hindi film music is now possibly opening doors to new South-North relationshipsRetrieved o http://bollywood.celebden.com/?cat=55. and collaborations" [44] "Asian Film Awards: 2009". IMDb. http://www.imdb. [21] "The A R Rahman Chat". Rediff On The Net. Rediff. August on 2009-02-25. Retrieved 17, 1998. http://www.rediff.com/chat/ rahmchat.htm. Retrieved on December 06 2008. [22] Velayutham, Selvaraj (2008). Tamil Cinema: The Cultural Politics of India’s Other Film Industry. pp. [23] Ganti, T., Bollywood: A Guidebook to Popular Hindi Cinema, p. 112, "Rehman became a major star w • Allen, John; Uck Lun Chun, Allen Tamil." hit music in Roja followed by hit scores for Mani Ratnam’s and Shankar’s films inChun, Ned Rossiter, Asia. US: Routledge. June 9780700714018. [24] "Film Composer A.R. Rahman Selects Bag End Bass Speakers". Mix. ISBN 7 2006. http://mixonline.co • Arnold, Alison (2000). The Garland Encyclopedia of W news/headline/bag-end-arrahman-060706/. Retrieved on November 18 2008. • "Cinemaya 1998". Cinemaya (New Delhi) (39-41): 9. [25] Omkar, Ashanti (March 2008), "Interview with A. R. Rahman", The Score Magazine (Chennai) 1 (1) 1 • Chaudhuri, Shohini (2005). "Cinema of South [26] Maria Verghis, Shana (August 11, 2006), "A R Rahman Interview", The Pioneer (New Delhi), India an Middle East, East http://smaramra.blogspot.com/2006/08/r-rahman-interview.html Asia and South Asia. Edinburgh: Ed • Eur, 1998, ISSN 0970-8782, OCLC 19234070, "Howe [27] "Cinemaya 1998", Cinemaya (New Delhi) (39-41): 9, Andy Gregory (2002). "A. R. Rahman". The Intern song was lifted by a whole range of well-known ISBN 9781857431612. music directors from Bombay so much so that the ori • Ganti, Tejaswini (2004). Bollywood: A Guidebook to P composition in Tamil by AR Rahman..." [28] Allen, John; Uck Lun Chun, Allen Chun, Ned • Ramaswamy,Shoesmith, Refashioning pop music in As Rossiter, Brian Vijaya (2007). Historical Dictionary of th 0810853795. p. 67 • Terska Ciecko, Anne (2006). Contemporary Asian Cin [29] "A. R. Rahman: Summary Biography". A. R. Rahman: A Biography. November 2002. Publishers. ISBN 1845202376. http://members.tripod.com/gopalhome/arrbio.html. Retrieved on February 15 2007. "Particularly imp • Todd Titon, Jeff; Linda Fujie, David Locke, David P. M with Vande Mataram, Jeremy Spencer, formerly of Fleetwood Mac stated that Rahman was the only I An Introduction to the Music of the World’s Peoples. U composer he knew about and liked" • Velayutham, Selvaraj (2008). Tamil Cinema: The Cult [30] Viswanathan, T.; Harper Allen, Matthew, Music in South India, p. 139 ISBN 9780415396806. [31] Rahman’s work has evolved music "passed the relatively static makeup of Western ensembles such a • Vishwanathan, T.; Matthew Harp-Allen (2004). Music bands and symphony orchestras and the rigid formula of American pop songs." Todd Titon, Jeff; Lind Beyond : Experiencing An Introduction to the Music David Locke, David P. McAlleste, "India/South India", Worlds of Music:Music, Expressing Culture. US World’s Peoples, p. 202 - 205 [32] ^ Corliss, Richard (2005). "Best Soundtracks - ALL TIME 100 MOVIES - TIME". TIME. http://www.tim time/2005/100movies/0,23220,soundtracks,00.html. Retrieved on February 24 2008. • A. R. Rahman official site [33] Ganti, T., Bollywood: A Guidebook to Popular Hindi Cinema, p. 112, "Rehman is an innovative and • A. Hindi composer whose style transformed film mus phenomenally successful contemporary Tamil and R. Rahman at the Internet Movie Database • Orkut Community the 1990s...he is considered a genius in the Bombay film industry, and in terms of how much control autonomy he is allowed over his compositions and working style, he holds tremendous power over fil producers and directors" [34] Smith, Ethan (February 27, 2009), "’Slumdog’ Remix: The Oscar-winning song ’Jai Ho’ is reworked w from a Pussycat Doll", The Wall Street Journal, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB123568984902087603 retrieved on 2009-03-01 [35] "Baz Luhrrman comments on A. R. Rahman". Charindaa. 2005. http://www.charindaa.org/news.html. Retrieved on November 15 2008.
References
External links
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A._R._Rahman"
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A. R. Rahman
Categories: 1966 births, Living people, A. R. Rahman, Indian musicians, Indian Muslims, Indian film score composers, 20th-century classical composers, 21st-century classical composers, Bollywood playback singers, Kollywood playback singers, Indian film singers, Indian male singers, Padma Shri recipients, Best Original Music Score Academy Award winners, Filmfare Awards winners, National Film Award winners, Tamil musicians, Tamil film score composers, People from Chennai, Converts to Islam, Academy Award winners This page was last modified on 20 May 2009, at 05:55 (UTC). All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License. (See Copyrights for details.) Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a U.S. registered 501(c)(3) taxdeductible nonprofit charity. Privacy policy About Wikipedia Disclaimers
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