Foreign_relations_of_Malaysia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Foreign relations of Malaysia Foreign relations of Malaysia Malaysia This article concerns the Foreign relations of Malaysia. Malaysia is an active member of various international organisations, including the Commonwealth of Nations, the United Nations, the Organisation of the Islamic Conference, and the Non-Aligned Movement. It has also in recent times been an active proponent of regional co-operation. This article is part of the series: Politics and government of Malaysia Government • Constitution • Social contract • Human rights Executive • Yang di-Pertuan Agong • Mizan Zainal Abidin • Cabinet • Prime Minister • Najib Razak • Deputy Prime Minister • Muhyiddin Yassin • Anti-Corruption Commission Legislative • Parliament • Dewan Negara • Dewan Rakyat Judiciary • Legal system • Judiciary Elections • Elections • Election Commission • Political parties/alliances • Barisan Nasional • Pakatan Rakyat • Opposition • Last election Foreign Policy • Foreign relations Subdivisions • Constituent States • State legislatures • Federal Territories Other countries Foreign policy 1957–1969 Malaysia has been a member of the Commonwealth since independence in 1957, when it entered into the Anglo-Malayan Defence Agreement (AMDA) with the United Kingdom whereby Britain guaranteed the defence of Malaya (and later Malaysia). The presence of British and other Commonwealth troops were crucial to Malaysia’s security during the Malayan Emergency (1948–1960) and the Indonesian Confrontation (1962–1966), which was sparked by Malaya’s merger with the British colonies of Singapore, Sarawak and North Borneo to form Malaysia in 1963. The British defence guarantee ended following Britain’s decision in 1967 to withdraw its forces east of Suez, and was replaced in 1971 with the Five Power Defence Arrangements (FPDA) by which Britain, Australia, New Zealand, Malaysia and Singapore agreed to co-operate in the area of defence, and to “consult” in the event of external aggression or the threat of attack on Malaysia or Singapore. The FPDA continues to operate, and the Five Powers have a permanent Integrated Area Defence System based at RMAF Butterworth, and organise annual naval and air exercises. Under the leadership of Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman (up to 1970), Malaysia pursued a strongly pro-Commonwealth anticommunist foreign policy. Nonetheless, Malaysia was active in the opposition to apartheid that saw South Africa quit the Commonwealth in 1961, and was a founding member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in 1967 and the · Atlas Politics portal 1 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC) in 1969, with the Tunku as its first SecretaryGeneral in 1971. Foreign relations of Malaysia International affiliations Malaysia is affiliated with the United Nations and many of its specialized agencies, including UNESCO, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, International Atomic Energy Agency; General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, Association of Southeast Asian Nations; Asian Development Bank, Five-Power Defense Arrangement, South Centre, East Asia Summit (EAS), Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), The Commonwealth, Non-Aligned Movement, and Organisation of the Islamic Conference. Foreign policy since 1969 Under Prime Ministers Tun Abdul Razak and Tun Hussein Onn, Malaysia shifted its policy towards non-alignment and neutrality. In 1971, ASEAN issued its neutralist and antinuclear Zone of Peace, Freedom and Neutrality (ZOPFAN) Declaration. Malaysia joined the Non-Aligned Movement, and in 1974 recognised the People’s Republic of China. This policy shift was continued and strengthened by Prime Minister Mahathir bin Mohamad, who pursued a regionalist and pro-South policy with at times strident antiWestern rhetoric. He long sought to establish an East Asian Economic Group as an alternative to APEC, excluding Australia, New Zealand and the Americas, and during his premiership Malaysia signed up to an ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) and ASEAN+3, a regional forum with China, Japan and South Korea. He was involved with a spat with Australian prime minister Paul Keating, who called him a “recalcitrant” after he refused to attend the APEC summit in Seattle. Malaysia views regional cooperation as the cornerstone of its foreign policy. Malaysia was a leading advocate of expanding ASEAN’s membership to include Laos, Vietnam, and Myanmar, arguing that “constructive engagement” with these countries, especially Burma, will help bring political and economic changes. Malaysia is also a member of G-15 and G-77 economic groupings. Despite Mahathir’s frequently antiWestern rhetoric he worked closely with Western countries, and led a crackdown against Islamic fundamentalists after the September 11, 2001 attacks. Under his successor, Abdullah Badawi, relations with Western countries, particularly Australia, have improved. The current Minister of Foreign Affairs is Datuk Seri Rais Yatim, who assumed office on 18 March 2008. Malaysia’s refusal to recognize Israel became an issue with respect to Malaysia’s participation in a United Nations peacekeeping force after the Lebanon-Israel conflict of 2006. International disputes Spratly Malaysia has asserted sovereignty over the Spratly Islands together with People’s Republic of China, Philippines, Republic of China, Vietnam, and possibly Brunei. While the 2002 "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea" has eased tensions over the Spratly Islands, it is not the legally binding code of conduct sought by some parties. Malaysia was not party to a March 2005 joint accord among the national oil companies of PROC, the Philippines and Vietnam on conducting marine seismic activities in the Spratly Islands. Singapore Singapore was a part of Malaysia for two years (1963-65), but it ultimately was asked by Tunku to secede after increased racial tensions due to the election campaigns in 1964. Today, disputes continue among other things, over the pricing of deliveries of raw untreated water to Singapore, Singapore’s land reclamation causing a negative environmental impact in Malaysian waters, a new bridge to replace the Johor-Singapore Causeway which Singapore does not want to pay for, maritime boundaries, the redevelopment of Malayan Railway lands in Singapore and Pulau Batu Putih. Both parties have however, agreed to ICJ arbitration on the island dispute within three years. Regarding railway land in Singapore, see also Malaysia-Singapore Points of Agreement of 1990. On introducing budget flights between Singapore and Kuala Lumpur, the stumbling block appears to be Malaysia’s sympathy towards flag 2 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia carrier Malaysia Airlines, and preference for the existing near duopoly with Singapore Airlines. Foreign relations of Malaysia References [1] Australian Department of Defence [1] [2] Annuario Pontificio 2009 (Libreria Editrice Vaticana ISBN 978-88-209-8191-4), p. 1359 [3] Malaysian Missions Abroad [4] "Mahathir to visit Vatican for meeting with pope". Kyodo News. May 24, 2002. Ligitan, Sipadan and Ambalat ICJ awarded Ligitan and Sipadan islands, also claimed by Indonesia and Philippines, to Malaysia but left maritime boundary in the hydrocarbon-rich Celebes Sea in dispute, culminating in hostile confrontations in March 2005 over concessions to the Ambalat oil block. Pattani Separatist violence in Thailand’s predominantly Muslim southern provinces prompts both Malaysia and Thailand to monitor their mutual borders. Sabah Philippines retains a now dormant claim to Malaysian state Sabah in northern Borneo. Limbang Malaysia’s land boundary with Brunei around Limbang is no longer in dispute. On 16 March 2009, Brunei has decided to drop its long-standing claim over Sarawak’s Limbang district. This was the result of the two countries resolving their various land and sea territorial disputes. The resolution was part of several disputes which were settled and sealed with the signing of Letters of Exchange by Abdullah and the Sultan of Brunei Sultan Hasannal Bolkiah at Istana Nurul Iman on the same day. Relations by country See also • • • • List of diplomatic missions in Malaysia Malaysian diplomatic missions Foreign relations of Singapore Malaysia-Pakistan relations External links • Malaysia Ministry of Foreign Affairs • Schofield, Clive and Storey, Ian (2005). "Energy Security and Southeast Asia: The Impact on Maritime Boundary and Territorial Disputes". Harvard Asia Quarterly 9 (1) 36-46. 3 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Country Formal Notes Relations Began Foreign relations of Malaysia Australia • Australia has an high commission in Kuala Lumpur • Malaysia has an high commission in Canberra. • Both countries are full members of the Commonwealth of Nations. • Both Australia and Malaysia are members of the Five Power Defence Arrangement and often participate in military exercises together.[1] See Austria–Malaysia relations • Bangladesh has a high commission in Kuala Lumpur • Malaysia has a high commission in Dhaka. • Both countries are full members of the Commonwealth of Nations. • Malaysia and Bangladesh share common places in many global organizations, much less share cultural connections. • Both the two countries are members of the OIC, the Asia Cooperation Dialogue. See Belgium–Malaysia relations See Malaysia-Brazil relations See Malaysia-Brunei relations See Canada–Malaysia relations • The European Union has a delegation office in Kuala Lumpur. • France has an embassy in Kuala Lumpur, • Malaysia has an embassy in Paris. 1993-05-07 • Georgia is represented in Malaysia through its embassy in Beijing (China). • Malaysia is represented in Georgia through its embassy in Kiev (Ukraine). • Georgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Malaysia See Germany–Malaysia relations See Greek-Malaysian relations • There are no diplomatic relations between the two countries. • The Holy See has an apostolic delegation, based in Bangkok, to the country, but has no apostolic nunciature to Malaysia.[2] • Malaysia has an embassy in Rome accredited to the Italian Republic, but has none anywhere accredited to the Holy See.[3] • In 2002 Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad visited the Vatican to meet Pope John Paul II.[4] • Apostolic Delegation to Malaysia • Malaysian government warns Catholic papers See Hungary–Malaysia relations See India–Malaysia relations See Ireland–Malaysia relations See Japan–Malaysia relations Austria Bangladesh Belgium Brazil Brunei Canada European Union France Georgia Germany Greece Holy See Hungary India Ireland Japan 4 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Kosovo Netherlands New Zealand Turkey Pakistan People’s Republic of China Philippines See Kosovo–Malaysia relations Foreign relations of Malaysia See Malaysia–Netherlands relations See Malaysia – New Zealand relations See Malaysian–Turkish relations See Malaysia–Pakistan relations See People’s Republic of China – Malaysia relations • The Philippines has an embassy in Kuala Lumpur • Malaysia has an embassy in Manila. • Despite religious differences (the former is mostly Muslim, while the latter is predominantly Roman Catholic,) Malaysia and the Philippines share a one-of-a-kind clandestine relationship rooted on the bases of geography, ethnicity, and political aspirations. • Both countries are members of the Asian Union. See Malaysia–Romania relations See Malaysia–Russia relations See Malaysia – Saudi Arabia relations See Malaysia-Singapore relations Romania Russia Saudi Arabia Singapore South Korea Sweden Switzerland Thailand Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Uruguay Venezuela Vietnam See Malaysia – South Korea relations See Malaysia–Sweden relations See Malaysia–Switzerland relations See Malaysia-Thailand relations See Malaysia–Ukraine relations See Malaysia – United Arab Emirates relations See Malaysia – United Kingdom relations See Malaysia – United States relations See Malaysia–Uruguay relations See Malaysia-Venezuela relations • Vietnam has an embassy in Kuala Lumpur • Malaysia has an embassy in Hanoi. Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Malaysia" 5 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Foreign relations of Malaysia Categories: Foreign relations of Malaysia, Political history of Malaysia, Foreign relations by country This page was last modified on 16 May 2009, at 00:55 (UTC). All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License. (See Copyrights for details.) Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a U.S. registered 501(c)(3) taxdeductible nonprofit charity. Privacy policy About Wikipedia Disclaimers 6