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Adelie Penguin
Adelie Penguin
Adélie Penguin
distributed of all seabirds, along with Emperor Penguin, South Polar Skua, Wilson’s Storm Petrel, Snow Petrel, and Antarctic Petrel. In 1830, French explorer Jules Dumont d’Urville named them for his wife, Adélie.
Taxonomy
The Adelie Penguin is one of three species in the genus Pygoscelis. Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA evidence suggests the genus split from other penguins around 38 million years ago, about 2 million years after the ancestors of the genus Aptenodytes. In turn, the Adelie Penguins split off from the other members of the genus around 19 million years ago.[1]
Distribution
Adélie Penguin
Conservation status
There are 38 colonies of Adelie penguins, and there are over 5 million Adelies in the Ross Sea Region. Ross Island supports a colony of approximately half a million Adélie penguins.
Description
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1) Scientific classification Kingdom: Phylum: Class: Order: Family: Genus: Species: Animalia Chordata Aves Sphenisciformes Spheniscidae Pygoscelis P. adeliae
These penguins are mid-sized, being 46 to 75 cm (18 to 30 in) in length and 3.9 to 5.8 kg (8.6 to 12.8 lbs) in weight. Distinctive marks are the white ring surrounding the eye and the feathers at the base of the bill. These long feathers hide most of the red bill. The tail is a little longer than other penguins’ tails.
Behavior
Like all penguins, the Adelie Penguin is highly social, foraging and nesting in groups. They also are very agressive to other penguins (mostly adelie) that steal stones from their nest
Binomial name Pygoscelis adeliae
(Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841)
The Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) is a type of penguin common along the entire Antarctic coast and africa in its nearby islands. They are among most southerly
Diet
Although winter data is lacking, the Adélie penguin is known to feed mainly on Antarctic krill, crystal krill (ice krill), Antarctic silverfish, and Glacial Squid (diet varies depending
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Adelie Penguin
food, populations of the Adélie penguin have dropped by 65% over the past 25 years. [3]
In popular culture
• Early footage of the penguins was captured on the Terra Nova expedition to the South Pole by cameraman Herbert Ponting. They featured prominently in his 1933 documentary, Ninety Degrees South, because at the time nobody had managed to bring one back to Europe alive. • The 1938 children’s book Mr. Popper’s Penguins revolves around the story of twelve Adélie penguins. • The 1971 film Mr. Forbush and The Penguins[4] follows John Hurt’s character as he spends 6 months observing (and becoming attached to) a colony of Adélie penguins. • The 1988 children’s film The Adventures of Scamper the Penguin featured Adélie Penguins. • The 1995 film The Pebble and the Penguin was based on Adélie courtship behavior where the birds build nests of pebbles to attract mates. • The Madagascar Penguins in the 2005 film Madagascar are presumed to be Adélie Penguins. • Mumble, the main character in the 2006 film Happy Feet, is an Emperor Penguin who befriends a group of Mexicanaccented Adélie penguins. • In the webcomic Wally and Osborne, Osborne is an Adélie penguin. • The Daily Telegraph, a major United Kingdom newspaper, ran an April Fool’s Day 2008 joke promoting a BBC special showing flying Adélie penguins.[5]
Adélie Penguins at Cape Adare on geographic location) during the chickrearing season. The stable isotope record of fossil eggshell accumulated in colonies over the last 38,000 years reveals a sudden change from a fish-based diet to krill that started two hundred years ago. This is most likely due to the decline of the Antarctic Fur Seal since the late 1700s and Baleen whales in the twentieth century. The reduction of competition from these predators has resulted in a surplus of krill, which the penguins now exploit as an easier source of food.[2]
Reproduction
Mating Adélie Penguins in Antarctica Adélie Penguins arrive at their breeding grounds in January. Their nests consist of stones piled together. In December, the warmest month in Antarctica (about -2°C), the parents take turns incubating the egg; one goes to feed and the other stays to warm the egg. The parent who is incubating does not eat. In March, the adults and their young return to the sea. The Adélie penguin lives on sea ice but needs the ice-free land to breed. With a reduction in sea ice and a scarcity of
Photo Gallery
References
[1] Baker AJ, Pereira SL, Haddrath OP, Edge KA (2006). "Multiple gene evidence for expansion of extant penguins out of Antarctica due to global cooling". Proc Biol Sci. 273 (1582): 11–17. doi:10.1098/
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
rspb.2005.3260. PMID 16519228. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/ articlerender.fcgi?artid=1560011. Retrieved on 2008-03-21. S.D. Emslie & W.P. Patterson (July 2007). "Abrupt recent shift in δ13C and δ15N values in Adélie penguin eggshell in Antarctica". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104 (28): 11666–11669. doi:10.1073/ pnas.0608477104. PMID 17620620. [1] Mr. Forbush and The Penguins at the Internet Movie Database Midgley, Neil. "Flying penguins found by BBC programme." The Telegraph. 1 April 2008.
Adelie Penguin
External links
• • • • • • • BirdLife Species Factsheet Info about all species of penguins 70south.com: Info on Adélie Penguin Adélie Penguin images Photographs of Adélie Penguin Penguin World: Adélie Penguin Dr. George Murray Levick’s 1914 book Antarctic Penguins • Polar Discovery: Penguins and Lava Flows • Understanding penguin response to climate and ecosystem change • Roscoe, R. "Adelie Penguin". Photo Volcaniaca. http://www.photovolcanica.com/ PenguinSpecies/Adelie/ AdeliePenguinPhotos.html. Retrieved on 13 April 2008.
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Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adelie_Penguin" Categories: IUCN Red List least concern species, Penguins, Pygoscelis, Antarctic birds, Flightless birds This page was last modified on 17 May 2009, at 15:21 (UTC). All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License. (See Copyrights for details.) Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a U.S. registered 501(c)(3) taxdeductible nonprofit charity. Privacy policy About Wikipedia Disclaimers
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