Economy
St. Louis County has a diverse economic base with the largest number of jobs in the service and retail industries. Its manufacturing sector, while declining, still provides nearly a fifth of the aggregate wage and salary income. The County’s resident labor force includes a disproportionate share of the region’s and the state’s managerial and professional workers. The County’s share of the bistate region’s economy includes 40 percent of the jobs and 52 percent of the retail sales. Statewide St. Louis County in 2000 provided 36 percent of the state income tax revenues due.
Economic Trends.........................................................................................................19 Employment Growth by Industry Group........................................................................20 Fastest Growing Industries by Size ...............................................................................21 Wage and Salary Income by Industry...........................................................................22 Occupational Distribution .............................................................................................23 Office Space................................................................................................................24 Office Space Regions Map......................................................................................... 25 Major Shopping Centers............................................................................................ 26 Major Regional Shopping Centers Map....................................................................... 28 Retail Sales for the St. Louis Metropolitan Area .......................................................... 29 Retail and Wholesale Trade....................................................................................... 30 Service and Finance Industries .................................................................................. 31 Manufacturing Industries .......................................................................................... 32 Labor Force.............................................................................................................. 33 Personal Income and Self-Employed Workers............................................................. 34 Major Employers and Cost of Living Data ................................................................... 35 State and Metro Assessed Value and Income ............................................................. 36
Internet resources on reverse.
Economy
Internet Resources
Census data American Fact Finder U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis www.census.gov http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/BasicFactsServlet http://www.bls.gov/ http://www.bea.gov/
Economy
Economic Trends
Total Government Services Finance, Insurance, Real Estate Retail Trade Wholesale Trade Transportation, Communication, Utilities Manufacturing Construction Mining Agricultural Services
-30% -20% -10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Employment Growth by Major Industry Group, 1991 - 2001
St. Louis County emerged as the economic center of the St. Louis region in the 1980’s with both the largest number of jobs and the largest resident labor force in the region. During the 1990’s, the County’s economy continued to thrive, with continued low unemployment rates. The County contains about one-fourth of all jobs in the State of Missouri. After a period of dramatic job growth during the 1980’s, employment in the County diminished slightly during the 1990-91 recession and resumed growth at a slower pace during the 1990s. In 2000, the County’s share of metropolitan area jobs stood at 48 percent. The County’s employment base became more diverse in the 1980’s and 1990’s as jobs shifted from manufacturing to the service sector. Manufacturing industries (including administrative, research and production facilities) provided nearly one fifth (19 percent) of the County’s jobs in 1991. By 2001, the share of manufacturing industry jobs had decreased to 13 percent. Employment by service industries increased from 28 to 32 percent of all jobs within St. Louis County during that same time period. Retail trade, the second largest job category with 19 percent of the jobs in 2001, had grown more slowly than overall employment. The unemployment rate for St. Louis County was below that of the metropolitan area and even farther below the national rate throughout the 1990’s. In 2000 the County’s unemployment rate rose to slightly above the metropolitan rate, and in 2001 it matched the national rate of 4.8 percent.
8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% 0%
92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 United States St. Louis Metro Area
Unemployment Rate
St. Louis County
Comparative Unemployment Rates, 1992 - 2001
Source: Missouri Division of Employment Security, ES-202; U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
19
Employment Growth by Industry Group
Employment and Wages by Industry Group, 1991 - 2001
Industry Group 1991 Employment 2001 Employment % Change 1991- 2001 1991 Avg. Wages 2001 Avg. Wages % Change 1991 - 2001
Agricultural Services Mining Construction Manufacturing Transportation, Com-, mucation, Utilities Wholesale Trade Retail Trade Finance, Insurance, Real Estate Services Government Total
3,659 540 23,941 105,752 34,251 38,061 107,972 38,666 153,486 46,961 553,289
5,117 641 38,610 83,038 44,019 40,803 120,933 49,799 203,344 54,659 640,963
40% 19% 61% -21% 29% 7% 12% 29% 32% 16% 16%
$14,213 34,677 25,328 28,432 30,497 28,730 12,109 26,389 20,315 23,720 $24,441
$23,882 73,670 47,304 56,881 42,280 52,986 19,625 50,593 36,434 35,012 $43,867
68% 112% 87% 100% 39% 84% 62% 92% 79% 48% 77%
The Construction industry group had the greatest percentage increase in employment with a 61 percent increase between 1991 and 2001, while the Services industry had the greatest numerical increase in employment with an increase of 49,858 (a 32 percent increase). The small Agricultural Services industry was second in percent increase in employment with a 40 percent gain between 1991 and 2001. The Services industry had the third highest employment increase (32 percent). Wholesale and Retail Trade had below-average employment increases, while Manufacturing had a 21 percent loss but remained the third largest industry in terms of employment. While sustaining large employment losses, the Manufacturing industry had the largest average wage gain (100 percent between 1991 and 2001) after the tiny Mining industry. The loss of production jobs and retention of headquarters functions in St. Louis County would explain the opposite trends of employment and wages in the Manufacturing industry. While both the Retail and Wholesale industries had slow employment growth, the Wholesale industry had aboveaverage wage increases while average wage increases in Retail were below average.
Services 31%
Government 9% Construction and Other 7% Manufacturing 13%
Fin., Ins., Real Estate 8% Retail Trade 19%
Trans., Comm., Utilities 7% Wholesale Trade 6%
Employment Distribution by Industry Group, 2001
Note: The data include all wage and salary workers covered by unemployment insurance. Not included are self-employed, railroad, military, and some church employees. These data pertain to people who work in St. Louis County rather than those who live in St. Louis County.
Source: Missouri Division of Employment Security, ES-202 File.
20
Fastest Growing Industries by Size
The Ten Fastest Growing Industries in St. Louis County 1991 – 2001 with Employment over 1,000
Industry Securities & Commodities Heavy Construction Social Services Communications Automotive Repair Services Non-depository Credit Institutions Passenger Transportation by Road Special Trade Contractors General Building Contractors Business Services Employees % Change 1991 2001 Employment 2,892 6,860 137.2% 1,497 3,156 110.8% 5,512 10,978 99.2% 7,029 12,832 82.6% 5,623 9,913 76.3% 5,359 8,719 62.7% 1,090 1,752 60.7% 16,027 25,442 58.7% 6,417 10,011 56.0% 33,509 48,902 45.9% Average Wage ($) % Change in 1991 2001 Avg. Wage 44,886 67,904 51.3% 31,868 50,951 59.9% 13,425 18,287 36.2% 38,006 49,437 30.1% 23,259 40,367 73.6% 34,884 57,208 64.0% 12,345 20,759 68.2% 28,691 46,266 61.3% 32,687 48,791 49.3% 19,838 36,743 85.2%
Most of the industries that grew rapidly from 1991 to 2001 were in the Service and Finance industry groups. Securities and Commodities had the highest percentage gain in employment. Business Services had the highest growth in average wage with an 85.2 percent increase, while Transportation by Air had the smallest average
wage gain with a 26.3 percent increase. (Wage figures in the tables on this page are not adjusted for inflation.) These figures show the continuing prominence of service industries. They also show that high wage levels may be found in certain categories of service industries.
The Ten Fastest Growing Industries in St. Louis County 1991 – 2001 with Employment over 10,000
Industry Social Services Communications Special Trade Contractors General Building Contractors Business Services Educational Services Miscellaneous Retail Transportation by Air Management, Engineering, Accounting & Research Services Health Services Employees % Change Average Wage ($) 1991 2001 Employment 1991 2001 5,512 10,978 99.2% 13,425 18,287 7,029 12,832 82.6% 38,006 49,437 16,027 25,442 58.7% 28,691 46,266 6,417 10,011 56.0% 32,687 48,791 33,509 48,902 45.9% 19,838 36,743 13,239 19,171 44.8% 28,422 41,617 12,003 16,472 37.2% 13,753 25,144 10,551 14,402 36.5% 33,890 42,799 13,160 47,973 17,473 57,945 32.8% 20.8% 32,593 27,919 55,353 39,159 % Change in Avg. Wage 36.2% 30.1% 61.3% 49.3% 85.2% 46.4% 82.8% 26.3% 69.8% 40.3%
Note: The data in these tables include all wage and salary workers covered by unemployment insurance. This does not include self-employed workers, railroad, military, and some church employees. Employment numbers from this source will be consistently lower than figures from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. These data pertain to people who work in St. Louis County.
Source: Missouri Division of Employment Security, ES-202 File.
21
Wage and Salary Income by Industry
Manufacturing 27%
category remained the same. Wholesale Trade went down one percentage point. Government wages fell from 9 percent to 8 percent of the total, while Construction and Other rose from 6 percent to 8 percent in the past 10 years. Comparison between this chart and the Distribution of employment chart on page 34 shows the contrast between employment and income caused by wage levels. The Manufacturing industry only provides 13 percent of the jobs in St. Louis County but generated 19 percent of all of the wages within St. Louis County in 2001. Conversely, Retail Trade accounts for 19 percent of jobs in St. Louis County but only produced 10 percent of wages in 2001. The Finance and Service industry provided 39 percent of jobs in the County and provided 40 percent of the income.
Construction & Other 8% Government 8%
Construction & Other 6% Government 9%
Trans., Comm. & Utilities 7% Wholesale Trade 9%
Finance & Services 32%
Retail Trade 10%
Income Distribution by Industry Group for St. Louis County Workers, 1991
The aggregate wage and salary income generated by an industry is a vital indicator of the importance of an industry to a community. An industry that pays higher wages may have more impact on a local economy than another industry with more employees but lower wage levels. The charts on this page show the distribution of wages and salary by major industry groups for St. Louis County workers (including non-residents) and the changes that have occurred between 1991 and 2001. By comparing the two charts you will see that the Service and Finance industry wages as a percentage of the total St. Louis County wages jumped 8 percentage points between 1991 and 2001, while the manufacturing industry fell by 8 percentage points in the same period. The remaining industries saw little fluctuation within this period of time. Retail Trade and the Transportation, Communication and Utilities
Manufacturing 19%
Trans., Comm. & Utilities 7% Wholesale Trade 8% Retail Trade 10%
Finance & Services 40%
Income Distribution by Industry Group for St. Louis County Workers, 2001
Note: Information from the ES-202 file includes all wage and salary workers covered by unemployment insurance. This excludes self-employed workers.
Source: Missouri Division of Employment Security, ES-202 File.
22
Occupational Distribution
Employment by Occupation Management, Professional & Related Occupations Service Occupations Sales and Office Occupations Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations Construction, Extraction & Maintenance Occupations Production, Transportation & Material Moving Occupations Total Missouri MSA Total 836,005 430,637 399,052 185,432 714,303 352,074 17,240 2,380 259,266 110,045 432,058 2,657,924 172,002 1,252,570 St. Louis St. Charles County County 210,366 52,154 63,158 19,264 148,738 44,805 513 127 32,105 15,689 50,370 505,250 18,797 150,836
Percentages of Total Employment Management, Professional & Related Occupations Service Occupations Sales and Office Occupations Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations Construction, Extraction & Maintenance Occupations Production, Transportation & Material Moving Occupations Total
Missouri MSA Total 31.5% 34.4% 15.0% 14.8% 26.9% 28.1% 0.6% 0.2% 9.8% 8.8% 16.3% 100% 13.7% 100%
St. Louis St. Charles County County 41.6% 34.6% 12.5% 12.8% 29.4% 29.7% 0.1% 0.1% 6.4% 10.4% 10.0% 100% 12.5% 100%
Blue Collar 16% Sales/Office 29%
The occupational distribution of workers residing in St. Louis County differs most markedly from that of the State of Missouri and the MSA in the preponderance of workers in the “Managerial, Professional and Related” category, which accounts for 41.6 percent of St. Louis County workers. Statewide the figure is 10 percentage points less. St. Louis County also has a higher percentage than the state or the MSA in the other white-collar category of “Sales and Office Occupations.” St. Charles County’s “Sales and Office” percentage is a fraction of a percentage point higher that that of St. Louis County, but its percentage in the “Managerial and Professional” category is seven points lower. Conversely, St. Charles has 10.4 percent of workers in the “Construction, Extraction and Maintenance Occupations” category, as compared with only 6.4 percent in St. Louis County.
Service Workers 13%
Managerial & Professional 42%
All St. Louis County Workers
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000.
23
Office Space
Summary of Office Space by Year of Construction and Area (in net square feet)
Region Airport North Bridgeton/Northwest Chesterfield/Highway 40 Clayton/Mid-County Far North Manchester/Southwest Olive/Westport South County Total Pre-1960 816,909 4,078 5,870 1,211,399 21,723 145,643 167,736 148,033 2,521,391 1960’s 1,029,909 260,306 182,739 1,836,582 290,654 124,812 2,075,865 439,959 6,240,473 1970’s 841,865 1,718,274 572,086 1,902,868 224,805 1,976,657 4,490,044 1,413,957 13,140,556 1980’s 667,287 2,862,653 4,581,361 3,314,842 456,473 2,466,898 5,419,430 1,232,856 21,001,797 1990’s 522,237 2,407,273 1,658,634 1,232,392 239,220 1,846,281 1,328,116 905,169 10,139,322 2000’s 9,898 296,923 871,532 652,794 7,630 374,224 252,766 142,946 2,608,713
The 1980’s was a boom period in office space construction in St. Louis County: over 21 million square feet, or 38 percent, of the office space existing in the County today was developed in that decade. Office space construction in the 1990’s slowed after the boom years of the 1980’s. The Olive/Westport region contains the largest amount of office space (13.7 million square feet), followed by the Clayton/Mid-County (10.2 million square feet) and Chesterfield/Highway 40 (7.9 million square feet) regions. The amount of office construction decreased dramatically in the early 1990’s due to overbuilding during the 1980’s. Prior to the recession in 2001 a burst of office construction activity took place in the Chesterfield/Highway 40 region and along I-270 in the Manchester/Southwest region. Reductions in the pace of construction are typically seen during recessions. However, there is little sign of a severe slump. Two of the office space regions will have major transportation improvements in the next few
years. The Olive/Westport region, already largest in total office space, will have improved highway access with the completion of the Page Avenue extension to St. Charles County. The Clayton/Mid-County region, currently the second largest office location, is the site of the most recently approved MetroLink (light rail) extension.
Total Office Space by Region
Region Airport North Bridgeton/Northwest Chesterfield/Highway 40 Clayton/Mid-County Far North Manchester/Southwest Olive/Westport South County Total Net Sq. Ft. 3,887,796 7,549,507 7,872,222 10,150,877 1,240,505 6,934,515 13,733,957 4,282,920 55,652,299 % 7% 14% 14% 18% 2% 12% 25% 8% 100%
Source: St. Louis County Department of Planning.
24
Office Space Regions St. Louis County, Missouri
Office Space Regions
PELIC
AN IS
LA N D
CORA ISLAND
RI VE
BR
R
YA
N
I SL
AN
D
- 67 US
FAR NORTH
Hwy 367
70 I-2
OUR
VE RI
R
I
St .
a Ch
sC rle
o
ty un
BRIDGETON / NORTHWEST
I-70
MISS
AIRPORT / NORTH
JOHN
BO N H OM
RIV ER
SL LI AN D
SON IS
ME IS
LAND
LAN
D
OLIVE / WESTPORT
Page A ve
I-7
0
US-40
Olive Blvd
RI
OU
W HO
EL
IS S
City of St. Louis
I-270
Lindbergh Blvd
I-44
Franklin County
Hwy 100
5
DE ER RIV
MANCHESTER / SOUTHWEST
MERAME C
ARSENAL ISLAND
RI
VE
R
SOUTH
RIVER
I-44
Jefferson County
MERAMEC
I-5
5
RIV
ER
.
0 2 4 Miles
M
IS S
IS S
IP P
I
RIVE
Monr
R
oe Co
MER
AM E
C
unty
Prepared by St. Louis County Department of Planning August 2002
25
St. C
M
I-5
S IS
IS
PI la i rC ou nty
SI P
Manchester Rd
Misso uri Illino is
CHESTERFIELD / HIGHWAY 40
I-64 US-40
CLAYTON / MID-COUNTY
RIVER
M
Ma
S ES ER PE S
dis on C
MOSENTHEIN ISLAND
oun ty
M
IS
SS SI
P IP
I
CHOUTEAU
ISLAND
ME R RA ME C C
R IV ER
Major Shopping Centers
Shopping Center (including those over 100,000 sq. ft.) REGIONAL MALLS Chesterfield Mall Crestwood Plaza Jamestown Mall Northwest Plaza Plaza Frontenac South County Center St. Louis Galleria West County
OTHER SHOPPING CENTERS
Sq. Ft. Bldg. Area
Zip Code
Location
1,551,000 1,100,000 1,252,000 2,085,000 466,000 1,049,000 1,294,000 1,260,200
63017 63126 63034 63074 63131 63129 63117 63131
Highway 40 and Clarkson Road Watson Road and Sappington Road Lindbergh Blvd. and Old Jamestown Road Lindbergh Blvd. and St. Charles Rock Road Lindbergh Blvd. and Clayton Road Lindbergh Blvd. and Lemay Ferry Rd. Brentwood Blvd. and Highway 40 I-270 and Manchester Road
Airway Ballwin Plaza Ballwin Old Town Plaza Bel-Acres Bellerive Plaza Breckenridge Hills Brentwood Square Brentwood Pointe Butler Hill Center Carrollton Central City South Central Plaza Chesterfield Commons Clarkson/Clayton Center Clocktower Place Concord Plaza Creve Coeur Plaza Cross Keys Crossings at Halls Ferry Cypress Village Deer Creek Center Des Peres Square Dorsett Village Eureka Towne Center Florissant Florissant Meadows Flower Valley Plaza Four Seasons General Grant Grandview Plaza
199,000 165,000 287,759 140,000 173,000 101,000 250,000 180,000 100,000 130,000 187,000 165,000 900,000 140,000 220,000 158,000 135,000 332,000 277,000 189,000 134,000 129,000 159,000 148,000 119,000 128,000 110,000 180,000 120,000 225,000
63074 63011 63021 63121 63141 63114 63144 63144 63128 63044 63129 63011 63005 63011 63033 63128 63141 63033 63136 63074 63143 63131 63043 63025 63031 63031 63033 63017 63119 63033
10634 St. Charles Rock Road Manchester Road and Vlassis Dr., NW corner South side of Manchester Rd. at Ries Rd. 8907-9009 Natural Bridge Road 12756 Olive Boulevard 9715 St. Charles Rock Road West side of Brentwood Blvd. south of Hwy. 40 South side of Eager Rd. west of Hanley Rd. I-55 and Butler Hill Road 12301 Natural Bridge Road Lemay Ferry and Forder Roads, west corner Manchester Road and Vlassis Dr., NE corner Chesterfield Airport Rd. and Boone’s Crossing Clayton Road and Clarkson Road I-270 and W. Florissant Road Baptist Church Rd., Lindbergh Blvd., SW corner Ballas Road and Olive Street Road New Halls Ferry Road and No. Hwy. 67 South of I-270 at New and Old Halls Ferry Rds. 10919 St. Charles Rock Road 3200 Laclede Station Road Manchester Road and I-270 Dorsett Road and McKelvey Road North side of I-44 east of Allenton exit N. Lindbergh Blvd. and Washington St. N. Lindbergh Blvd. and St. Denis St. N. Lindbergh and New Halls Ferry Road Olive Blvd. and Woods Mill Road 8400 Watson Road and Cheshire Lane I-270 and Washington Ave.
26
Major Shopping Centers
Shopping Center (including only Sq. Ft. Bldg. those over 100,000 sq. ft.) Area Grasso Plaza Gravois Bluffs Heritage Place Hillside Village Hilltop Plaza Keller Plaza Kenrick Plaza Kirkwood Commons K-Mart Shopping Center Ladue Crossing Lafayette Center Lamp and Lantern Village Landmark Plaza Lemay Plaza Lewis and Clark Center Lindbergh Plaza Mackenzie Point Manchester Meadows Marshall's Plaza North County Festival North Oaks Oakville Center Orchard Bend Overland Plaza Paddock Hills Plaza at Sunset Hills Promenade at Brentwood Ronnie's Plaza South Lakeview Plaza Southfield Plaza Telegraph Plaza Venture Plaza Village Square Warson Woods Center Watson Plaza West Oak Square Westport Plaza Wildwood Crossing Yorkshire Village 100,000 1,000,000 253,000 119,000 325,000 133,000 265,000 483,196 123,000 135,000 124,000 148,000 116,000 159,000 126,000 184,000 240,000 455,000 109,000 392,000 153,000 134,000 119,000 272,000 138,000 307,000 300,000 148,000 157,000 113,000 141,000 176,000 223,000 128,000 118,000 144,000 163,000 108,000 130,000 Zip Code 63123 63026 63141 63119 63044 63129 63119 63122 63033 63124 63011 63017 63031 63125 63136 63125 63119 63011 63125 63136 63121 63129 63044 63114 63033 63127 63144 63126 63129 63123 63129 63125 63042 63122 63126 63141 63146 63038 63119 Location Gravois Road and Rock Hill Road Highway 141 south of Gravois Rd. Olive Blvd. and Ross Road SE corner of Watson and Grant Roads 12000 St. Charles Rock Road Lemay Ferry and Mehl Roads 7435 Watson Road South Kirkwood Road and I-44 10041 Lewis and Clark Blvd. Ladue Road and I-170 Manchester Road and Baxter Road Clayton Road and Woods Mill Road Mullanphy and Shackelford Roads 2516 Lemay Ferry Road Lewis and Clark Blvd. and Chambers Road Lindbergh Blvd., east of Lemay Ferry Road Watson and Mackenzie Roads Manchester Road west of Mason Road I-55 and Lindbergh Blvd. West Florissant south of I-270 Natural Bridge and Lucas-Hunt Roads Telegraph and Baumgartner Roads St. Charles Rock Road east of McKelvey Road Page Blvd. and Woodson Road Highway 67 and N. Waterford Drive Watson Road and Lindbergh Blvd. Eager Road at I-170 Lindbergh Blvd., Baptist Church Rd., NW corner Lemay Ferry and Forder Roads, south corner Tesson Ferry Road and Lindbergh Blvd. Telegraph Road south of Cliff Cave Road Lindbergh Blvd., Lemay Ferry Rd., north corner Lindbergh Blvd. and I-270 9900 block of Manchester Road 9811 Watson Road Olive Blvd. and Craig Road I-270 and Page Blvd. 16500 block of Manchester west of Hwy 100 Watson and Laclede Station Roads
Sources: St. Louis County Departments of Planning and Revenue, 2002.
27
Major Regional Shopping Centers St. Louis County, Missouri
PELIC
AN IS
LA N D
h
Major Shopping Centers
CORA ISLAND
Major Roads
RI VE
BR
R
YA
N
I SL
AN
D
- 67 US
Hwy 367
JAMESTOWN MALL
7 I-2 0
h
OUR
VE RI
R
I
St .
Ch
C les ar
ou
nty
I-70
MISS
I-270 Lambert St. Louis International Airport
Chambers Rd
RI
Wood
OU
W HO
EL
S LI
s Mil
N LA
D
Spirit of St. Louis Airport
CHESTERFIELD MALL
l Rd
RIV ER
JOHN SON IS
ME IS
LAND
LAN
I-1 70
BO N H OM
Arrowhead Airport
D
Page A ve
as &
St. C
ha
Lu c
rle s
Ro ck
I-7 0
Rd
US-40
Olive Blvd
Rd
I-64
Lindbergh Blvd
Franklin County
Hwy 100
H Hw
Hwy 109
WEST COUNTY CENTER
ME R RA ME
I-44
5
DE ER RIV
h
Hw 0 y3
RIVER
d on R Wats
ois Grav
Rd
ARSENAL ISLAND
MERAME
C
I-5
VE RI
R
CRESTWOOD MALL L
indbe rgh B lvd
I-270
5
m Le
ay
rry Fe
Rd
I-44
h
Telegraph Rd
Jefferson County
MERAMEC
I-5 5
SOUTH COUNTY CENTER
MER AM E C
M
IS S
IS S
IP P
0
2
4 Miles
RIV ER
I
RIVE
Monr oe
RIV
ER
.
R
Coun ty
Prepared by St. Louis County Department of Planning August 2002
28
St. C
M
I-5
S IS
IS
PI la i rC ou nty
SI
P
Manchester Rd
I-270
R yton Cla
d
ST. LOUIS GALLERIA
I-44
h
1 y 14 1
Misso uri Illino is
Cla rk
h
s on
h
US-40
RIVER
M
h
PLAZA FRONTENAC
Ladue Rd
IS S
City of St. Louis
Ma
NORTHWEST PLAZA
nt
dis on C
MOSENTHEIN ISLAND
Hu
oun ty
Rd
Creve Coeur Airport
h
M
IS
SS SI
P IP
I
CHOUTEAU
ISLAND
S ES ER PE S
C C
Retail Sales for the St. Louis Metropolitan Area
20
2000
Sales in $ billions
15
2001 2002
10
5
0
St. Louis County St. Louis City St. Charles Co. Jefferson, Franklin, Lincoln and Warren Co. Metro East Counties
Retail Sales for the St. Louis Metropolitan Area, 2000-2002
Retail sales in the St. Louis Metropolitan Area totaled 33.5 billion dollars in 2002 according to estimates by Sales and Marketing Management Magazine. Annual sales for the region grew 4.3 percent in 2001 and declined 1.9 percent in 2002. St. Louis County had a small amount of growth in sales in 2002, while St. Louis City, St. Charles County, the other Metro West Counties and Metro East all had losses, even though the outlying counties have been experiencing the greatest population increases. St. Louis County captured more than half of regional sales in 2002. The City of St. Louis had slightly more sales than St. Charles County. The five Metro East counties of Clinton, Jersey, Madison, Monroe and St. Clair Counties account for about a fifth of regional sales. The Missouri counties of Franklin, Jefferson, Lincoln and Warren as a group had a tenth of the sales.
Metro East Counties 19%
St. Louis County 52%
Jefferson, Franklin, Lincoln and Warren Co. 10% St. Charles Co. 9% St. Louis City 10%
Retail Sales in the St. Louis MSA, 2002
Source: Sales and Marketing Management Magazine: Survey of Buying Power, 2000– 2002.
29
Retail and Wholesale Trade
Employment and Average Wages in Retail and Wholesale Trade, 1991 - 2001
Industry Wholesale Trade Durable Goods Non-durable Goods Total Wholesale Trade Retail Trade Building Materials & Hardware Stores General Merchandise Stores Food Stores Automotive Dealers & Gasoline Service Stations Apparel & Accessory Stores Home Furniture, Furnishings & Electronics Stores Eating & Drinking Places Miscellaneous Retail Total Retail 1991 24,813 13,248 38,061 Employees 2001 % Change 26,836 13,967 40,803 8.2% 5.4% 7.2% Average Wage 2001 % Change 1991 $35,681 $53,560 34,376 51,885 35,029 52,723 50.1% 50.9% 50.5%
4,383 14,167 16,178 10,848 7,857 5,339 37,197 12,003 107,972
4,850 16,009 17,003 11,462 6,368 6,564 42,207 16,472 120,935
10.7% 13.0% 5.1% 5.7% -19.0% 22.9% 13.5% 37.2% 12.0%
17,269 12,346 15,071 24,841 11,606
25,990 17,151 21,016 37,475 13,818
50.5% 38.9% 39.4% 50.9% 19.1% 28.6% 49.2% 82.8% 45.1%
19,379 24,916 8,259 12,323 13,753 25,144 $15,316 $22,229
Note: The data in this table includes all wage and salary workers covered by unemployment insurance. This does not include self-employed workers, railroad, military, and some church employees. Employment numbers from this source will be consistently lower than figures from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. This data pertains to people who work in St. Louis County.
St. Louis is a major national center of Wholesale Trade because of its central location and the high quality of the local transportation infrastructure. Wholesale trade provides many high paying jobs to County and Metropolitan Area residents. The Retail Trade industry is one of the largest employers in St. Louis County, and employment in Retail Trade grew faster between 1991 and 2001 than employment in Wholesale Trade. However, the large number of part-time jobs in this industry results in relatively low wage levels. Eating and drinking places employ the largest number of people and have the lowest average wage level among the subcategories of retail trade.
Apparel and Accessory Stores lost nearly a fifth of its employees in the ten-year period, and wages increased at the lowest rate among the retail and wholesale categories. Approximately half of the sales, payroll, and employees in Retail Trade in the St. Louis Metropolitan Area are located in St. Louis County. Average wage figures for 1991 and 2001 shown in the table are not adjusted for inflation. The Midwest Urban Consumer Price Index (CPI) for all items rose 30.5 percent between 1991 and 2001. Thus, all categories in the table above had average wage increases exceeding the rate of inflation except Apparel and Accessory Stores and Home Furniture, Furnishings and Electronics stores.
Source: Missouri Division of Employment Security, ES-202 File.
30
Service and Finance Industries
The Service and Finance industries are the most rapidly growing sectors of the local economy. The Service industries include a wide variety of businesses and provide jobs in a variety of occupations, including managerial and professional positions for both employees and self-employed workers.
Employment and Average Wage for Service and Finance Industries – St. Louis County
Industry Employment 1991 2001 % Change in Employment Average Wage 1991 2001 % Change in Avg. Wage
Depository Institutions Non-depository Credit Institutions Securities & Commodities Insurance Companies Insurance Agents & Brokers Real Estate Holding & Other Investment Offices Total Finance Hotels & Other Lodging Places Personal Services Business Services Automotive Repair Services Repair Services, except Automotive Motion Pictures Amusement & Recreation, except Motion Pictures Health Services Legal Services Educational Services Social Services Museums, Art Galleries, Botanical & Zoological Gardens Membership Organizations Management, Engineering, Accounting & Research Services Private Households Miscellaneous Services Total Services
8,146 5,359 2,892 9,956 4,140 6,775 1,400 38,668 6,453 7,548 33,509 5,623 1,511 1,888 7,684 47,973 2,449 13,239 5,512 88 4,640 13,160 1,598 611
7,696 8,719 6,860 11,688 4,769 8,537 1,530 49,799 6,453 7,677 48,902 9,913 1,597 1,804 9,839 57,945 3,050 19,171 10,978 249 5,587 17,473 1,918 789
-5.5% 62.7% 137.2% 17.4% 15.2% 26.0% 9.3% 28.8% 0.0% 1.7% 45.9% 76.3% 5.7% -4.4% 28.0% 20.8% 24.5% 44.8% 99.2% 183.0% 20.4% 32.8% 20.0% 29.1% 32.5%
$22,133 34,884 44,886 30,636 30,560 21,165 56,592 $34,408 $12,241 12,615 19,838 23,259 21,085 17,263 9,928 27,919 39,958 28,422 13,425 12,905 16,415 32,593 11,341 29,244 $20,528
$40,935 57,208 67,904 50,385 47,447 34,175 86,854 $54,987 $22,157 19,039 36,743 40,367 35,268 18,608 23,647 39,159 55,358 41,617 18,287 19,394 22,623 55,353 16,875 41,459 $31,622
85.0% 64.0% 51.3% 64.5% 55.3% 61.5% 53.5% 59.8% 81.0% 50.9% 85.2% 73.6% 67.3% 7.8% 138.2% 40.3% 38.5% 46.4% 36.2% 50.3% 37.8% 69.8% 48.8% 41.8% 54.0%
153,486 203,345
Note: The data in these tables include all wage and salary workers covered by unemployment insurance. This does not include self-employed workers, railroad, military, and some church employees. Employment numbers from this source will be consistently lower than figures from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. These data pertain to people who work in St. Louis County. Source: Missouri Division of Employment Security, ES-202 File.
31
Manufacturing Industries
Employment and Average Wage for Manufacturing Industries – St. Louis County
Industry Food Processing Textile Mill Products Apparel & Finished Textile Products Lumber & Wood Products Furniture & Fixtures Paper & Allied Products Printing & Publishing Chemicals & Allied Products Petroleum & Coal Products Rubber & Plastic Products Leather Products Stone, Clay & Glass Products Primary Metal Industries Fabricated Metal Products Industrial & Commercial Machinery & Computer Equipment Electrical & Electronic Equipment Transportation Equipment Instruments & Related Products Miscellaneous Manufacturing Total Manufacturing Employment % Change in Average Wage ($) % Change in 1991 2001 Employment 1991 2001 Avg. Wage 4,596 4,968 8.1% 28,776 45,217 57.1% 149 206 38.3% 16,695 39,336 135.6% 1,077 1,024 -4.9% 29,615 36,646 23.7% 368 387 5.2% 23,050 28,051 21.7% 2,026 2,712 33.9% 25,574 40,505 58.4% 2,651 2,162 -18.4% 33,396 49,580 48.5% 9,265 8,346 -9.9% 31,764 45,332 42.7% 10,421 8,128 -22.0% 55,405 79,180 42.9% 451 661 46.6% 40,154 58,620 46.0% 3,246 3,552 9.4% 28,433 37,487 31.8% 1,863 768 -58.8% 29,398 67,724 130.4% 988 999 1.1% 28,865 41,246 42.9% 1,062 1,016 -4.3% 29,371 50,128 70.7% 5,556 3,127 -43.7% 27,638 40,378 46.1% 8,916 10,055 4,118 3,815 40,291 25,505 7,041 4,768 1,668 942 105,753 83,141 12.8% -7.4% -36.7% -32.3% -43.5% -21.4% 31,286 30,524 42,034 32,933 22,610 30,922 48,239 64,527 67,120 58,960 38,970 49,329 54.2% 111.4% 59.7% 79.0% 72.4% 59.5%
Manufacturing industries in St. Louis County have experienced employment decline during the 1990’s. The high levels of pay in Manufacturing make this industry one of fundamental importance. The largest and most important Manufacturing industry is Transportation Equipment, which includes the Boeing military and spacecraft headquarters and production facilities, as well as the Ford and Chrysler Auto assembly plants. The presence in St. Louis County of headquarters or prominent branch offices for several large Manufacturing corporations such as Boeing, Monsanto, Emerson Electric and Mallinckrodt results in an unusually high proportion of highly paid executive and professional employees within the manufacturing sector. This is particularly
significant in the chemical industry, with the Monsanto and Mallinckrodt headquarters and research facilities resulting in an extremely well paid work force. According to the 1997 Economic Census, St. Louis County produced 20 percent of the value added by manufacturing and accounted for 29 percent of the manufacturing industry payroll for the State of Missouri.
Note: The data in these tables include all wage and salary workers covered by unemployment insurance. This does not include self-employed workers, railroad, military, and some church employees. Employment numbers from this source will be consistently lower than figures from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. These data pertain to people who work in St. Louis County.
Source: Missouri Division of Employment Security, ES-202 File.
32
Labor Force
The resident labor force of St. Louis County has fluctuated in response to economic conditions, showing some decline in the early 1990s and again in the late 1990s after a peak for the decade in 1996. In the past ten years, the labor force grew 2.9 percent from 547,855 in 1992 to 563,348 in 2001. The 4.6 percent unemployment rate recorded in the 2000 Census for St. Louis County was higher than the 3.9 percent rate reported for the year 2000 by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The 2000 Census found the gap between the unemployment rate among African-Americans in St. Louis County and the overall unemployment rate to have narrowed in the 1990s. St. Louis County’s unemployment rate of 8.9 percent among African-Americans in 2000 was 1.9 times the overall rate as compared with a 1990 rate of 11.1 percent for African-Americans, 2.5 times the overall rate. The unemployment rate for males in 2000 was slightly lower than for females, a reversal from the 1990 Census. The labor force participation rate was higher for African-Americans (67.8 percent) than for the population as a whole (67.0 percent), probably because of the younger age profile of AfricanAmericans in St. Louis County. Nationally, the labor force participation rate of African-Americans was only 60.2 percent. In St. Louis County the
600,000 580,000 560,000 540,000 520,000 500,000 480,000 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01
Unemployed Employed Unemployment Rate
6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% 0%
St. Louis County Labor Force 1992 - 2001 gap widened over the decade between the labor force participation rate of African-American males and that of the total male population. The diminishing supply of labor force entrants will continue to be among the most important economic development issues for St. Louis County in the next decade. Employers may find it difficult to fill entry-level positions. The challenge for the educational system will be to ensure that young people have basic skills to enter the work force. Efforts to reduce high minority unemployment will also be needed.
Labor Force Data with Race and Gender, St. Louis County, 1990 - 2000
Unemployment Rate African-American Males African-American Females Total African-American Population Total Males Total Females Total Population 1990 12.2% 10.2% 11.1% 4.7% 4.3% 4.5% 2000 10.8% 8.2% 8.9% 4.5% 4.7% 4.6% Labor Force Participation Rate 1990 2000 76.2% 68.3% 72.2% 67.4% 74.9% 78.1% 60.5% 68.7% 67.8% 74.3% 60.8% 67.0%
Sources: U.S. Census, 2000; U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
33
Personal Income and Self-Employed Workers
$50 $40 $30 $20 $10 $0 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 Transfer Payments Dividends, Interest & Rent Wage and Salary & Proprietors
Rent fell from 23.7 percent to 22.0 percent as a share of total personal income.
Self-Employed Workers
Self-employed workers or proprietors grew in number and percentage within the labor force between 1990 and 2000 with some fluctuation in the intervening years. Their increase from 75,405 in 1990 to 88,220 in 2000 amounted to a 17 percent gain. As a percent of the labor force they comprised 10.9 percent in 1990 and 11.1 percent in 2000. Self-employed workers are the most common in the finance and service industries. Gains in self-employment reflect trends toward starting one’s own business as well as increased use of temporary or contract employees, who are classified as self-employed. Self-employed workers are not included in the commonly used Bureau of Labor Statistics employment figures, because they are not covered by unemployment insurance.
Personal Income in Billions
Sources of Personal Income for St. Louis County Residents, 1990-2000
Personal Income
Total personal income for St. Louis County residents increased to $45.5 billion in 2000, up from $27.4 billion in 1990, as measured by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. That 66 percent increase in personal income was more than double the increase in the consumer price index, which increased 30.5 percent in the same period. Transfer Payments had the greatest increase (90 percent) followed by Wage, Salary and Proprietors Income (68 percent) and Dividends, Interest and Rent (54 percent). Wage and Salary income increased from $18.9 billion in 1990 to $31.7 billion in 2000. Wage and Salary income constituted 69.0 percent of all personal income in 1990, rising to 69.7 percent in 2000. This shift in sources of income toward a greater share being Transfer Payments reflects the increased number of retired residents receiving Social Security payments. Dividends, Interest and
No. of Self-Employed Workers
100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 90 92 94 96 98 00 No. Self Employed Percent Self-Employed
12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% Percent Self-Employed
Self-Employed Workers in St. Louis County 1990-2000
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis.
34
Major Employers and Cost of Living Data
Major Private Employers in St. Louis County
Company The Boeing Company Schnuck’s Markets, Inc. McDonald’s Restaurants of St. Louis & Metro East SSM Health Care System Washington University St. John’s Mercy Health Care Daimler Chrysler Corporation United Parcel Service (UPS) Tenet Saint Louis Dierberg’s Markets, Inc. St. Louis County Government Special School District Monsanto Company Edward Jones Rockwood School District
Source: St. Louis Business Journal, Book of Lists – 2002.
Persons Employed in St. Louis Region 16,400 12,393 11,000 10,700 10,300 10,100 8,200 5,200 4,800 4,500 4,400 4,000 3,700 3,700 3,500
Comparative Cost of Living in St. Louis and Other Metropolitan Areas
Metropolitan Area New York (Manhattan), NY San Francisco, CA Oakland, CA San Diego, CA Chicago, IL Nassau-Suffolk, NY Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV New York (Queens), NY Philadelphia, PA-NJ Detroit, MI Minneapolis-St. Paul MN-WI Cleveland, OH Denver, CO Kansas City, MO-KS St. Louis, MO-IL Indianapolis, IN Memphis, TN Cost of Living Index, Third Quarter 2001 218.3 184.1 139.5 137.8 135.7 135.3 135.2 133.2 132.0 121.0 111.0 106.1 104.2 102.9 102.2 100.7 97.8 92.2
Source: American Chamber of Commerce Researchers Association (ACCRA) Cost of Living Index. Note: The ACCRA Cost of Living Index measures relative price levels for consumer goods and services in metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas. The average for all participating places is 100. The Cost of Living Index should not be confused with the Consumer Price Index (CPI), which measures inflation rates over time.
35
State and Metro Assessed Value and Income
The total assessed value of St. Louis County’s real and personal property amounted to 26.5 percent of the assessed value for the State of Missouri in 2001 and was nearly two and a half times as much as that of Jackson County, the State’s next largest county. St. Louis County’s share of the state individual income taxes due in 2000 (net of state tax credits) was even larger: 36.5 percent of the total tax payments due to the state. St. Louis County’s assessed value is 61.3 percent of the assessed value of the seven counties in the Missouri portion of the St. Louis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). St. Louis County’s net individual income tax contribution to the State of Missouri amounts to 69.2 percent of the St. Louis region’s share.
Assessed Value and State Income Tax Due for Largest Missouri Counties
Largest Missouri Counties in Order by Population Size St. Louis County Jackson (Kansas City) St. Louis City* St. Charles Greene (Springfield) Jefferson Clay (Kansas City area) Boone (Columbia) Jasper (Joplin) State of Missouri Assessed Valuation, 2001 ($1,000’s) 18,114,388 7,315,172 3,196,243 4,308,570 2,886,666 2,001,487 2,708,619 1,507,688 1,228,329 68,370,889 % of State Assessed Valuation, 2001 26.5% 10.7% 4.7% 6.3% 4.2% 2.9% 4.0% 2.2% 1.8% 100.0% Net State Income Tax Due, 2000 ($1,000’s) 1,221,744 348,372 124,037 228,126 131,726 105,198 117,500 81,135 41,343 3,349,658 % of Net State Income Tax Due, 2000 36.5% 10.4% 3.7% 6.8% 3.9% 3.1% 3.5% 2.4% 11.2% 100.0%
*The City of St. Louis is an independent city with county functions.
Assessed Value and State Income Tax Due for Missouri Counties of the St. Louis MSA
County Assessed Valuation, 2001 ($1,000’s) 18,114,388 3,196,243 4,308,570 2,001,487 1,211,803 409,295 328,319 29,570,105 % of MSA, Missouri Portion, Assessed Valuation, 2001 61.3% 10.8% 14.6% 6.8% 4.1% 1.4% 1.1% 100.0% Net State Income Tax Due, 2000 ($1,000’s) 1,221,744 124,037 228,126 105,198 54,697 18,419 13,100 1,765,321 % of Net State Income Tax Due from MSA, Mo. Portion, 2000 69.2% 7.0% 12.9% 6.0% 3.1% 1.0% 0.7% 100.0%
St. Louis County St. Louis City* St. Charles Jefferson Franklin Lincoln Warren St. Louis MSA – Missouri Portion
*The City of St. Louis is an independent city with county functions.
Source: Statistical Abstract for Missouri, 2001, Economic & Policy Research Center, University of Missouri.
36