TABLE B–110.—Foreign exchange rates, 1985–2008 [Foreign currency units per U.S. dollar, except as noted; certified noon buying rates in New York] Period March 1973. 1985. 1986. 1987. 1988. 1989. 1990. 1991. 1992. 1993. 1994. 1995. 1996. 1997. 1998. 1999. 2000. 2001. 2002. 2003. 2004. 2005. 2006. 2007. 2007: I. II. III. IV. 2008: I. II. III. Australia (dollar) 1 1.2716 0.7003 .6709 .7014 .7841 .7919 .7807 .7787 .7352 .6799 .7316 .7407 .7828 .7437 .6291 .6454 .5815 .5169 .5437 .6524 .7365 .7627 .7535 .8391 .7865 .8316 .8471 .8898 .9058 .9435 .8879 Canada (dollar) 0.9967 1.3659 1.3896 1.3259 1.2306 1.1842 1.1668 1.1460 1.2085 1.2902 1.3664 1.3725 1.3638 1.3849 1.4836 1.4858 1.4855 1.5487 1.5704 1.4008 1.3017 1.2115 1.1340 1.0734 1.1718 1.0983 1.0456 .9811 1.0039 1.0099 1.0411 China, P.R. (yuan) 2.2401 2.9434 3.4616 3.7314 3.7314 3.7673 4.7921 5.3337 5.5206 5.7795 8.6397 8.3700 8.3389 8.3193 8.3008 8.2783 8.2784 8.2770 8.2771 8.2772 8.2768 8.1936 7.9723 7.6058 7.7582 7.6784 7.5578 7.4336 7.1590 6.9578 6.8375 EMU Members (euro) 1, 2 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... 1.0653 .9232 .8952 .9454 1.1321 1.2438 1.2449 1.2563 1.3711 1.3109 1.3484 1.3748 1.4482 1.5007 1.5625 1.5030 Germany (mark) 2 2.8132 2.9420 2.1705 1.7981 1.7570 1.8808 1.6166 1.6610 1.5618 1.6545 1.6216 1.4321 1.5049 1.7348 1.7597 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... Japan (yen) 261.90 238.47 168.35 144.60 128.17 138.07 145.00 134.59 126.78 111.08 102.18 93.96 108.78 121.06 130.99 113.73 107.80 121.57 125.22 115.94 108.15 110.11 116.31 117.76 119.33 120.80 117.74 113.23 105.17 104.62 107.58 Mexico (peso) 0.013 0.257 .612 1.378 2.273 2.461 2.813 3.018 3.095 3.116 3.385 6.447 7.600 7.918 9.152 9.553 9.459 9.337 9.663 10.793 11.290 10.894 10.906 10.928 11.024 10.878 10.965 10.849 10.803 10.428 10.328 South Korea (won) 398.85 872.45 884.60 826.16 734.52 674.13 710.64 736.73 784.66 805.75 806.93 772.69 805.00 953.19 1,400.40 1,189.84 1,130.90 1,292.02 1,250.31 1,192.08 1,145.24 1,023.75 954.32 928.97 938.98 928.69 927.27 921.26 956.12 1,017.02 1,064.56 Sweden (krona) 4.4294 8.6032 7.1273 6.3469 6.1370 6.4559 5.9231 6.0521 5.8258 7.7956 7.7161 7.1406 6.7082 7.6446 7.9522 8.2740 9.1735 10.3425 9.7233 8.0787 7.3480 7.4710 7.3718 6.7550 7.0089 6.8641 6.7402 6.4148 6.2668 5.9862 6.3175 Switzerland (franc) 3.2171 2.4552 1.7979 1.4918 1.4643 1.6369 1.3901 1.4356 1.4064 1.4781 1.3667 1.1812 1.2361 1.4514 1.4506 1.5045 1.6904 1.6891 1.5567 1.3450 1.2428 1.2459 1.2532 1.1999 1.2330 1.2221 1.1986 1.1468 1.0670 1.0316 1.0734 United Kingdom (pound) 1 2.4724 1.2974 1.4677 1.6398 1.7813 1.6382 1.7841 1.7674 1.7663 1.5016 1.5319 1.5785 1.5607 1.6376 1.6573 1.6172 1.5156 1.4396 1.5025 1.6347 1.8330 1.8204 1.8434 2.0020 1.9548 1.9862 2.0213 2.0442 1.9790 1.9712 1.8924
Trade-weighted value of the U.S. dollar Nominal G-10 index (March 1973=100) 3 1985. 1986. 1987. 1988. 1989. 1990. 1991. 1992. 1993. 1994. 1995. 1996. 1997. 1998. 1999. 2000. 2001. 2002. 2003. 2004. 2005. 2006. 2007. 2007: I. II. III. IV. 2008: I. II. III.
1 2
Broad index (January 1997=100) 4 67.16 62.35 60.42 60.92 66.90 71.41 74.35 76.91 83.78 90.87 92.65 97.46 104.43 115.89 116.04 119.45 125.93 126.67 119.11 113.63 110.71 108.52 103.40 107.17 104.61 102.68 99.15 97.31 95.80 97.88
Major currencies index (March 1973=100) 5 133.55 109.77 97.16 90.43 94.29 89.91 88.59 87.00 89.90 88.43 83.41 87.25 93.93 98.45 96.89 101.58 107.67 105.99 92.99 85.37 83.71 82.46 77.84 81.87 79.33 77.01 73.29 71.97 70.87 73.46
OITP index (January 1997=100) 6 13.14 16.49 19.92 24.07 29.61 40.10 46.69 53.13 63.37 80.54 92.51 98.24 104.64 125.89 129.20 129.84 135.91 140.36 143.52 143.38 138.89 135.38 130.28 132.92 130.78 129.98 127.46 124.96 123.01 123.79
Broad index (March 1973=100) 4 123.04 107.65 98.89 92.29 94.04 91.50 89.97 88.08 89.43 89.25 86.80 88.81 93.54 101.54 100.92 104.79 110.82 110.97 104.24 99.61 97.98 96.87 92.28 94.96 94.12 91.88 88.14 86.25 85.90 87.87
Real 7 Major currencies index (March 1973=100) 5 122.05 99.71 89.21 84.19 88.52 85.15 83.48 82.35 85.59 85.24 81.37 86.28 93.56 98.64 98.40 105.04 112.50 110.88 97.81 90.82 90.63 90.55 86.40 89.95 88.35 85.73 81.57 80.47 80.17 83.26
OITP index (March 1973=100) 6 125.80 130.46 127.73 116.60 111.08 110.73 109.82 106.17 103.52 103.52 103.59 100.55 101.61 114.92 113.63 113.81 118.38 120.86 122.48 121.11 117.40 114.69 109.06 110.93 110.96 108.96 105.41 102.29 101.85 102.61
143.0 112.2 96.9 92.7 98.6 89.1 89.8 86.6 93.2 91.3 84.2 87.3 96.4 98.8 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ......
U.S. dollars per foreign currency unit.
European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) members consists of Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece (beginning in 2001), Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovenia (beginning in 2007), and Spain.
3 4 5
G-10 index discontinued after December 1998. Weighted average of the foreign exchange value of the dollar against the currencies of a broad group of U.S. trading partners. Subset of the broad index. Consists of currencies of the Euro area, Australia, Canada, Japan, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Subset of the broad index. Consists of other important U.S. trading partners (OITP) whose currencies are not heavily traded outside their home markets. Adjusted for changes in consumer price indexes for the United States and other countries.
6 7
Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.