PHONETICS (PowerPoint)

							   PHONETICS

Study of sound system of a
Language
    FACTORS TO IMPROVE
      SELF-EXPRESSION

 Good Pronunciation
 Correct articulation of vowels &
  consonants
 Voice Quality- Modulation

 Accent and Intonation- Syllabic
  stresses
Vowel & Consonant Sounds

 Vowel Sound- produced without
  obstruction of air
 Consonant Sound- produced with
  obstruction of air
 20 Vowel Sounds

 24 Consonant Sounds
Vowel Sounds

 Short Vowels:
ɪ   pit (i)
e   pet (eh), head,
æ cat, black
ʊ   put , hood, should (uh)
ɒ    pot, wasp (o)      (Amer ɑh)
ə    another
ʌ     but, run, flood, Sunday
Vowel Sounds

 Long Vowels:
i: beat, keen (ee)
ɑː car, pass, ask     (Amer æ)
u: boon, shoes, through, you, blue
  (oo)
ɔː law, caught, all, halt, talk, daughter
 3: burn, turn, learn
Diphthongs

 eɪ   bay, say, eight     (ei)
 aɪ   glide, five, eye      (ai)
 ɔɪ   boy, hoist, moist, join (oi)
 əʊ   no, so, go Amer( ou)
 aʊ    now, shout            (au)
 ɪə    peer, clear, sheer
 eə    pair, where, air, layer, bare
 ʊə     poor, tour
Practice

 Bone, over,
 Table, Delay,

 Tower

 Tourist, Sure

 Here, Fear, fierce

 Play, age,

 Buy

 Caught - Cot
Practice

 Go, coke
 Low

 Able

 same, great

 Lay

 Photograph
Practice
   With the tremendous increase in the
    volume of international tourism, travel,
    and trade, people, apart from
    acquiring reading and writing skills of
    English, want to be able to speak it
    too- and speak it in a way that they
    are understood not only by their
    neighbourhood but also by English-
    knowing inhabitant of distant
    continent.
Consonants

 p     pin     bilabial    b    bin
t      tear    alveolar d      dear
k       kite   velar     g     gun
 ch    chamber palatal   j     jar
f     fine   labio-dental v      vine
 th (θ) think dental   th (ð) this
s      seal   alveolar   z       zeal
 sh sheep     palatal ʒ     pleasure
h        how glottal
   Nasals:
   m    sum, man
   n    sun, no
   ŋ    sing, ring

   l   light (alveolar)
   w    wet, wine (compare with „vet‟, „vine‟)
   j    yet
 r
 pronounced only if it is followed by
  a vowel
 Care    caring
 For     Foreign
   run, very, car
Practice

   CH- Challenge, Chamber, Recharge (ch)
       - Character, Choreographer, Chorus (k)
       - Chauffeur, Chef, Chevrolet, (sh)
         Chauvinism, Chivalry
   G- Gain, Govern, Graceful, Stagnant (g)
     - Cage, Generous, Gorgeous, Gigantic (j)
   3- Garage, Measure, Bourgeois, Treasure
Practice

 S- Sugar, Sure, Tension, Mansion(sh)
   - Noise, Busy, Because, Rose (z)
 T- Together, Tomorrow     (t)
   - Nature, Nurture, Gesture (ch)
   - Nation, Differential (sh)
SYLLABIC STRESS

   Disyllabic- Temper, Agent, Bargain
           - Remove, Delight, Begin, About
   Trisyllabic- Leadership, Citizen, Company
      - Remarkable, Employer, Outrageous
      - Afternoon, Cigarette, Understand
   Pollysyllabic- Engineering, Disappointment,
    Absolutely, Opportunity, Examination,
    Multinational, Communication
Primary Stress & Secondary
Stress


   “Photo‟graph, „Chrono”logical,
    „Infor”mation, „Possi”bility, „Edu”cation,
    „Acci”dental, „Popu”larity
STRESS-SHIFT


 A”cademy „Aca”demic
  A‟cade”mician
 “Poli‟tics  „Po”litical „Poli”tician
 “Photo‟graph Pho”tography
  „Photo”grapher
Stress-Shift

Noun/Adjective    Verb
„Conduct          Con‟duct
„Import          Im‟port
„Object           Ob‟ject
„Present          Pre‟sent
„Record           Re‟cord
„Protest          Pro‟test
Connected Speech

 He is ^going to Singapore tomorrow
 He is going to ^Singapore tomorrow

 He is going to Singapore ^tomorrow
Connected Speech

 I ^hope it doesn‟t rain (hope)
 I hope it doesn‟t ^rain   (warning)
 ^Did you hear him playing it?

 Did you ^ hear him playing it?

 I ^don‟t think he ought to go when he
  is so busy      (strong opinion)
 I don‟t think he ought to go when he
  is ^so busy (emphasis on being busy)
AN ODE TO ENGLISH

English is a funny language as the Big B
 said! There is no mate in approximate,
 nor chase in purchase, neither war in
 warranty, nor voice in invoice, nor tail
 in detail. Address is not a dress,
 confirm is not a firm! If industries are
 not in dust, information not just in
 forms, then why confuse us?