Summarizing Paraphrasing

							Summarizing & Paraphrasing

Introduction:
    As you prepare to research topics for
school assignments, it is very important to
avoid plagiarizing information that you
collect and intend to use. Two valuable
techniques to understand and use to avoid
plagiarizing are paraphrasing and
summarizing. Although these skills basically
serve the same purpose, reporting
information without copying it, they do
have several differences and serve
different purposes.
    As you proceed through each task in
this activity, you will come to understand
the similarities and differences between
paraphrasing and summarizing. You will
have an opportunity to study models of how
each is used, and you will be able to
practice your own paraphrasing and
summarizing skills. And best of all, you will
be able to avoid plagiarizing!
Summarizing & Paraphrasing

Task 1: Understanding Terms

What does it mean to summarize and/or paraphrase a passage
of text?
How are summarizing and paraphrasing alike?
How are they different?
Why do students, especially those doing research, need to
know how to summarize and paraphrase?


http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/research/r_quotprsum.html.

http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/print/research/r_paraphr.html.



Task 2: How To….
6 Steps in Paraphrasing:

1._______________________________________________________
2._______________________________________________________
3._______________________________________________________
4._______________________________________________________
5._______________________________________________________
6._______________________________________________________


http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/print/research/r_paraphr.html.
Summarizing & Paraphrasing

Task 3: Model
Read the passage below along with the
models of both paraphrasing and
summarizing. Notice how the paraphrasing
and summarizing differs.
Model 1:
    I was angry with my friend:
    I told my wrath, my wrath did end.
    I was angry with my foe:
    I told it not, my wrath did grow.
          - William Blake,
          From “A Poison Tree”

Paraphrase: (restating someone’s ideas in your own words)
The writer is upset with his friend, but talking to the friend
about it makes the anger go away. However, when the writer is
angry with an enemy, he keeps his feelings to himself so the
anger does not go away.

Summary: (rephrasing another’s ideas in fewer words)
When a person is angry with a friend, talking to the friend about
it will make the anger go away. When a person is angry with
someone they don’t like, they stay angry because they don’t talk
it out.

Source: Elements of Literature, page 684
Summarizing & Paraphrasing

Task 4: Your Turn!
Read the biographical sketch of Amelia Earhart
below. Next use the graphic organizers to plan
your (1) paraphrasing and (2) summarizing. Then
write each in paragraph form.

Reminders:
1. When you paraphrase, you use your own words to tell what you have
read. By doing this, you usually make the ideas easier to understand.
2. When you summarize, you retell the main ideas in your own words.
Since you leave out most details, the summary is shorter than the
paraphrasing.

                           Amelia Earhart
      Amelia Earhart was born in Atchinson, Kansas, on July 24,
1897. She was the first child born to Edwin and Amy Earhart.
Three years later, Amelia’s sister Muriel was born. The girls’
childhood was not always easy. Their father’s drinking caused him
to lose a good-paying job with the railroad. Soon after that, the
family split up. The girls and their mother moved to Chicago.
      In 1917, Amelia went to Canada to visit her sister at school.
There she met some World War I soldiers who had been hurt in
battle. That chance meeting led Amelia to change her mind about
going to college. Instead, she took up nursing. She worked as a
nurse in a soldiers’ hospital.
      By 1920, Amelia’s parents had gotten back together and
moved to California. Amelia moved there to be with them. It was
in California that Amelia paid $1, put on a helmet and goggles, and
took a 10-minute plane ride over Los Angeles. Amelia later said,
“As soon as we left the ground, I knew I myself had to fly!”
      Amelia worked several jobs to earn the money she needed
to take flying lessons with a woman pilot, Anita Snooks. Soon,
Amelia would buy her own plane.
      In 1927, Amelia got a phone call that changed her life.
Captain Hilton Railey called and made an offer Amelia could not
turn down. In 1928, she became the first woman to fly across
the Atlantic Ocean. Even though Amelia was not the pilot, the
newspapers pretty much ignored the two men who piloted the
plane; Amelia received most of the attention.
      Four years later, Amelia flew across the Atlantic on her own
in record time – 13 hours, 30 minutes. By that time, she was
famous throughout Europe and the United States. A few years
later, she became the first woman to fly from Hawaii to
California.
      In 1929, Amelia participated in a cross-country air race for
women pilots. She also founded an organization of women pilots
call the “Ninety-Nines” – named for its first 99 members.
      In June 1937, Amelia set out to fly around the world. She
and her navigator, Fred Noonan, flew from Miami, Florida, to
South America, and then across the Atlantic Ocean to Africa.
They continued over the Sahara desert and on to Thailand and
Australia. After taking off from New Guinea, the U.S. Coast
Guard lost contact with the plane. No trace of the plane or its
passengers was ever found.

(hold down Ctrl when you click on organizer)

Paraphrasing Graphic Organizer


Summarizing Graphic Organizer