F.5 Chemistry Acid Rain
Distribution of Work
Name Kwok Wan Wan Lui Ching Lam Mok Hei Man Ng Wai Han Soo May Kei Student ID 99086250 99243090 99200420 99242910 99200750 Responsibility -content -technical support -editor -content -editor -visual design -information search -technical support -information search -content
Target audience:
• F.5 chemistry students • Average ability
Purposes:
• Introduce acid rain by lecturing • Provide Q&A section for evaluation
WHAT IS ACID RAIN?
• Generally, rain water has a pH value of 5.6 because of the carbon dioxide from air dissolved in it
• Any rainfall has a pH value less than 5.6 is defined as acid rain
• When gas pollutants e.g. sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide dissolve in rain water, various acids are formed.
CO2 + H2O SO2 + H2O NO2 + H2O H2CO3 (carbonic acid) H2SO3 (sulphorous acid) HNO2 (nitrous acid) + HNO3 (nitric acid)
CAUSES OF ACID RAIN
SO2 : 70%
NOx : 30% X = 1 or 2
Formation of Sulphuric Acid (H2SO4) 2SO2(g) + O2(g) SO3(g) + H2O(l) 2SO3(g) H2SO4(aq)
Formation of Nitric Acid (HNO3) 2NO(g) + O2(g) 4NO2(g) + 2H2O(l) + O2(g) 2NO2(g) 4HNO3(aq)
FORMATION OF ACID RAIN
SO2 NOX
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS
1.Vegetation • Wash away essential nutrients ions from soil • Poor growth of plants
2.Aquatic Life • Inflow of acidic water containing poisonous metal ions • Kill the fish and water plants
3. Building • Acid rain attacks the building materials and causes corrosion.
Question and Answer
1. What is an acid rain?
2.What is the main air pollutants for the formation of acid rain?
3.What is the pH range for the acid rain?
4.What are the major sources of air pollutants?
5.What is the side effect of acid rain on plants?
6. What is the side effect of acid rain on marine life?
7. What is the side effect of acid rain on building material?
On-line References
• http://igc.apc.org/acidrain/ • http://beakman.com/acid/acid.html • http://qlink.queensu.ca/~4lrm4/
Answer
1. Acid Rain is rain water with pH value less than 6. This is the rainfall with acidity level beyond what is expected in unpolluted rainfall 2. The main air pollutants are sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide.
SO2 NO2
Answer
3. The unpolluted rain water is slightly acidic with pH about 5.6 because carbon dioxide in the air dissolves in rain water to form a weak acid. So, the pH of acid rain water is below 5.6.
Answer
4. The major sources were motor vehicles, factories and power stations.
5. Acid rain makes soils become acidic. When the soil becomes acidic, the plant will not grow well.
Answer
6. When acid rain runs into rivers or lakes, the pH value of water will goes down below 5. The aquatic life in water may die because of this.
Answer
7. Most building materials made of limestone and marble. The acid rain water mainly sulphuric acid will react with calcium carbonate from limestone and marble to form calcium sulphate.
F.5 Chemistry Acid Rain