BIOFUELS ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR ETHANOL FUEL
Brazilian Mission in India
Gil Floro Popoire Azevedo Edilson Bernardim Andrade New Delhi 2002
BIOFUELS
ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR ETHANOL FUEL
anos
Biofuel Blendings
GASOLINE
VEGETAL
ALCOHOL
( ETOH)
OILS
DIESEL
GASOOL
BIODIESEL
MAD8
AEP 102
PROBIODIESEL
National Biodiesel Program - PROBIODIESEL
Brazilian Program under development by MCT with the objective of 5 a 20% Biodiesel addition (soybean oil) to Diesel.
PROBIODIESEL • Program integrated to development and validation of
biodiesel & biofuel blendings (Bx):
- Technical Specifications / Quality Guarantee; - Feasibility & Technical Competitiveness;
- Social & Environmental Effects; - Economic Reliability;
Transesterification Industrial Process
Vegetal Oil Biodiesel
Transesterification Reaction
Glycerin
Methanol or Ethanol
Catalyser
MAD8 - A Brief History
• Since the 80ies, Brazil studies the use of alcohol in diesel; • In 1997, the Brazilian Science and Technology Ministry formed the working group “Technical Group II” to evaluate the technical feasibility of alcohol-diesel-blends; • Between 1998 and 2002, TECPAR conducted a series of field tests, dynamometric tests on full consumption, performance and emissions, and laboratory tests on materials compatibility, lubricity and durability of injection systems; • In 2001, ECOMAT inaugurated a plant for the production of the solubilizer AEP102 . Annual capacity: 14.000ton
MAD8 - Formulation
• Blend of – 89.4% Diesel – 8.0% Anhydrous alcohol – 2.6% Solubilizer – Enhanced additive package
• Solubilizer AEP102 maintains a diesel-alcohol-solution homogeneous and stable through co-solvency
• Additive package guarantees superior fuel characteristics
The Field Tests
• All field tests were conducted exclusively with inline injection system; • A regulation of engine, pumps or injection nozzles was not necessary; • Field performance, drivability and ignition were completely satisfying; – In Curitiba, tests with 2 Mercedes Benz buses, model OF1620, engine OM366LA, from February 1998 through May 1999; – Injection systems were monitored with support of BOSCH; – Each bus completed 100.000km within test cycle;
The Fields of Application
• Type of engine – MAD8 can be used in all diesel engines with in-line injection pumps; – MAD8 is presently is being developed for the use in all other injection systems; • Distribution – MAD8 is stable over a sufficient period of time thus allowing distribution through the existing channels;
The Economics of MAD8
• Increase in consumption estimated at 2-4% against diesel; • Anhydrous alcohol and solubilizer are produced at low costs in Brazil; • Distribution through existing channels. No significant investment necessary; • Future access to mass market will generate economy-ofscale and consequently even higher competitiveness.
Biofuels - Strategic Vision
• Higher autonomy in liquid fuels supply / less external market
dependence; • Better insertion of country in the related environmental questions (Kyoto Protocol); • Rise future conditions to potential market (credit/debt of C) commodity in future; • Competitive market foster business opportunities (new technologies - process & products);
• Balance to regional development;
• Soybean & sugarcane as inductors to inland development; • Social & Economic Aspects:increase in jobs and incomes throughout the productive chain;
• Electrification (from biofuel - clean technologies) to remote communities as a factor of promotion to the social inclusion; • Improve existing technologies / fleets / poles;
Keys for the Success
• Support for ecologically correct initiatives;
• Tributary deoneration; • Local Availability for oils & alcohol;
• Quality (standards & control); • Logistics Improvement