Human Genome Project
Human Genome Project
Til now, we’ve talked about proteins…..
If proteins so special…..
What we already know
DNA: Deoxyribonucleic Acid
DNA Structure: Building Blocks
Functions?
Nitrogen Bases
Focus on 1 DNA strand
DNA 2 strands!
Rules
Double Helix
Base bonding important – 3 reasons
How?
Example on Board
Reason 2. Stability
Reason 3. Error Checking
Bonding rules reduce errors
Genes
Genes
So, this is what DNA is
The challenge
Step 1: Examine pieces of the genome
Chromosomes
Package for moving
Spooling, twisting, coiling
Spooling, twisting, coiling
Why the X shape?
DNA replication and Chromosome Arms
The full human set
46 chromosomes 23 pairs Note X and Y Chromosomes Each chromosome type contains different info
Traits on Different Chromosomes
Alcohol processing
Blood Type
Eye Color
Athletic performance?
‘premature’ alzheimers
One chromosome at a time
Now what? (Very simplified)
Line up fragments
Example
Frag 1 First set: Second set Third set AAAC GTTT CTGTTTCA
Frag 2 TGTTT CATCTA AAA
Frag 3 CATCTA AAACT TCTA
Working out on Board
Line up fragments
Put pieces back together
What did the Human Genome Project do?
How do you identify a gene?
Where next?
How different is our DNA?
Why do this?
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