3d medical animation

Motion Capture in 3D Animation Edward Tse Motion Capture as a Tool  Motion capture (MOCAP) is an effective 3D animation tool for realistically capturing human motion Outline     Rotoscoping The MOCAP Pipeline Limitations of MOCAP The Future of MOCAP By the Power of Appendix B!! Rotoscoping  History Captured Video Johnston, et al., 1995 Rotoscoping  History Tracing Johnston, et al., 1995 Rotoscoping  Post Processing Johnston, et al., 1995 The MOCAP Pipeline      Calibration Capture 3D Position Reconstruction Fitting to the Skeleton Post Processing Capture Optical Magnetic Transmitter Infra Red LEDs Magnetic Mechanical Potentiometers Costa-Sousa, M., 2004 Calibration Image Space World Space (X,Y) (X,Y) (X,Y) (X,Y,Z) (X,Y,Z) (X,Y,Z) 3D Position Reconstruction (Utopia)  C  k  I     k  I  C  C C C1  k1  1  1         I C P C 1 k 1 I I 1 CC1 C Ck k 2 C2  C 2 C  k    2 I I C 2  k 2I I2 CC C P k  I  C  k 2  C 1x 1 1x 1x 2x 2 2x 2x 1y 1z 1 1y 1y 2y 2 2y 2y 1 1z 1z 2z 2 2z 2z 3D Position Reconstruction (Reality) Multiple Markers    For small number of markers: Size Occlusions are a problem C2 Multiple Hypothesis Tracking C1 Ringer, et al., 2002 Multiple Markers  Mechanical Optical Hybrids http://www.animazoo.com/services/gypsyHybrid.htm Fitting to the Skeleton  Utopian approach – 10 – 20% length changes    Markers on both sides Joint Displacement Use Rotation Angles Only Post Processing  Motion Editing – Cut, Copy, Paste  Motion Warping – Speed up or Slow Down – Rotate, Scale or Translate  Motion Signal Processing – Smoother Motions Limitations of MOCAP   Subject to data inaccuracy Expensive Device Mechanical Electromagnetic Optical Cost for Body capture (USD) $20’000 – $30’000 $100’000 – $120’000 $90’000 – $210’000 Limitations of MOCAP   Only realistic motion captured – Cartoony Animations not possible WYSIWYG (what you see is what you get) – Can’t add more expression – Continally need to recapture motion Robertson, B., 2001 The Future of MOCAP    Markerless MOCAP Cheaper MOCAP MOCAP as Input to Large Displays Bregler Ngan, hollywoodjesus.com et al., 2002 S., 2004 Conclusion  Motion capture (MOCAP) is an effective 3D animation tool for realistically capturing human motion Questions? References         Johnston, O., Thomas, F., (1995) The Illusion of Life: Disney Animation, Disney Editions, ISBN: 0786860707 Costa-Sousa, M. (2004) Motion Synthesis, Powerpoint Presentation Parent, R. (2002) Computer Animation: Algorithms and Techniques, Morgan Kaufmann Publishing Ringer, M., Lasenby, J. (2002) Multiple Hypothesis Tracking for Automatic Optical Motion Capture, European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV ’02) Robertson, B. (2001) Medieval Magic, Computer Graphics World, April 2001. Tse, E. (2004) The Single Display Groupware Toolkit, MSc Thesis, University of Calgary, Ab, Canada Bregler, C., Loeb, L., Chuang, E., Deshpande, H., (2002) Turning to the Masters: Motion Capturing Cartoons, Proceedings of ACM Siggraph 2002 pp 399 – 407. vicon.com, inition.co.uk, polhemus.com, wikipedia.org, animazoo.com, hollywoodjesus.com Bonus Slides Stuff that’s too cool for you! Stats Input Device Frame Rate Range (hz) 60-240 Position Accuracy .03in RMS static 0.00015in at 12in range Orientation Accuracy .15° RMS static 0.0012° at 12in range Latency & range 3.5ms 5 ft Maximum Points tracked 16 Use in Movies Cost Range (USD) $8’495 $21’925 Polhemus (Magnetic) Woody and Hamm in Toy Story, The Chandelier in Beauty and the Beast Sony, Nintendo, Microsoft, Boeing, Vicon (Optical) 166-10’000 1/117’600in or 0.02 of a Pixel up to 4MP 0.08cm RMS at 1.52m range No Absolute position 0.5° RMS at 1.52m range 1° No camera limit 500 $89’170 $209’920 Ascension ReActor 2 (Magnetic) Gypsy (Mechanical) wireless possible 100 4.11m x 4.11m area 200m 30 $99,410 $102’315 $20’000 $27’000 12-120 42 Calibration θ 1 θ 2 Outline     History Motion Capture Pipeline Limitations Future Work