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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Future Forum Chicago:
NASA's Exploration Mission
Carl Walz
NASA Exploration Systems Mission Directorate
October 10, 2008
What is the value of Exploration?
Marco Polo, Christopher Columbus, Lewis & Clark, the Western Frontier
Wright Brothers, Charles Lindbergh, Amelia Earhart, Alan Shepard, Neil Armstrong
101008_FutureForum_Carl Walz
Chicago Future Forum 2
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Why The Moon?
North Pole
+
Central Farside
Highlands
+Aristarchus Plateau +
15 17
+Rima Bode Mare Tranquillitatis
+ Mare Smythii
6 +
Oceanus 1 + 3 5 11
12
Procellarum 14
16
Orientale
Basin
Floor +
7
South Pole -
Surveyor Aitken Basin Floor
Apollo
+
+ Possible landing sites +
South Pole
Near Side Far Side
101008_FutureForum_Carl Walz
Chicago Future Forum 4
Why the Moon Next?
• Its close (3 days) and accessible (as near as
GEO)
• Alien yet familiar; Earth is visible to crew and
TV audiences
• Moon can be reached with existing or derived
launch systems
• Transport system to Moon can also access
GEO, cis-Lunar, Earth-Sun Lagrangians, and
some asteroids
• Retire risk to future planetary missions by re-
acquiring experience and testing with lunar
missions
• Development of lunar resources has potential
to be a major advancement in space logistics
capability
• Advance science, improve engineering state-
of-the-art, inspire country
101008_FutureForum_Carl Walz
Chicago Future Forum 5
The New Fleet for Space Exploration
Altair
Lunar Lander
Earth Departure Stage
Ares V
Cargo Launch Vehicle Orion
Crew Exploration
Vehicle
Ares I
Crew Launch Vehicle
101008_FutureForum_Carl Walz
Chicago Future Forum 6
Building on a Foundation of Proven Technologies
– Launch Vehicle Comparisons –
122 m
(400 ft)
Crew
Altair
91 m Lunar
(300 ft) Orion Lander
Earth Departure
Overall Vehicle Height, m (ft)
Stage (EDS) (1 J–2X)
253.0 mT (557.7K lbm)
LOX/LH2 S–IVB
(1 J–2 engine)
Upper Stage
108.9 mT
(1 J–2X)
61 m (240.0K lbm)
137.1 mT
(200 ft) LOX/LH2
(302.2K lbm)
LOX/LH2
S–II
(5 J–2 engines)
Core Stage 453.6 mT
5-Segment
(6 RS–68 Engines) (1,000.0K lbm)
Reusable
Solid Rocket 1,587.3 mT LOX/LH2
30 m (3,499.5K lbm)
(100 ft) Booster
(RSRB) LOX/LH2 S–IC
(5 F–1)
2 5.5-Segment 1,769.0 mT
RSRBs (3,900.0K lbm)
LOX/RP–1
0
Space Shuttle Ares I Ares V Saturn V
Height: 56.1 m (184.2 ft) Height: 99.1 m (325.0 ft)
Height: 116.2 m (381.1 ft)
Height: 110.9 m (364.0 ft)
Gross Liftoff Mass: Gross Liftoff Mass : Gross Liftoff Mass :
Gross Liftoff Mass :
2,041.1 mT (4,500.0K lbm) 927.1 mT (2,044.0K lbm) 3,704.5 mT (8,167.1K lbm) 2,948.4 mT (6,500K lbm)
Payload Capability: Payload Capability: Payload Capability: Payload Capability:
25.0 mT (55.1K lbm) 25.5 mT (56.2K lbm) 71.1 mT (156.7K lbm) to TLI (with Ares I)
44.9 mT (99.0K lbm) to TLI
to Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
101008_FutureForum_Carl Walz to LEO 62.8 mT (138.5K lbm) to TLI
118.8 mT (262.0K lbm) to LEO7
Chicago Future Forum
DAC 2 TR6
LV 51.00.48
~187.7 mT (413.8K lbm) to LEO
7
Ares Among the Chicago Skyscrapers
101008_FutureForum_Carl Walz
Chicago Future Forum 8
The Rim of Shackleton Crater
Courtesy Cornell University/Smithsonian Institution
South Pole
“Winter”
Monthly
Illumination
5 km
>70%
>60%
>50%
Bussey, et al, 1999
Data obtained during northern
101008_FutureForum_Carl Walz
summer (maximum sunlight)
A View At Shackleton
101008_FutureForum_Carl Walz
Chicago Future Forum 10
Key Elements of an Outpost
Lander and
Ascent vehicle
Extravehicular
Activities System
Power
Habitation
Mobility
Navigation and
Communication
In-Situ Resource
Utilization
101008_FutureForum_Carl Walz
Chicago Future Forum 11
Power to Explore
101008_FutureForum_Carl Walz
Chicago Future Forum 12
Why Do We Explore?
• Inspiration
– Inspire students to explore, learn,
contribute to our nations
economic competitiveness, and
build a better future
• Innovation
– Provide opportunities to develop
new technologies, new jobs, and
new markets
• Discovery
– Discover new information about
ourselves, our world, and how to
manage and protect it
101008_FutureForum_Carl Walz
Chicago Future Forum 13
Learn more about Exploration
• The NASA Homepage
– www.nasa.gov
• The NASA Exploration Homepage
– http://www.exploration.nasa.gov
• Download NASA pod casts
– http://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/podcasting/index.html
• Watch NASA TV
– At home (see local providers for listings)
– On the web: http://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/nasatv/index.html
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Chicago Future Forum 14
