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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant, Guangdong SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Guangdong SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Reconstruction Project for CDQ Clean
Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking
Plant
Environmental Impact Assessment Report
(Final version)
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the
People’s Republic of China
May 2008
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant, Guangdong SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Construction Entity: Guangdong SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Reconstruction Project for CDQ Clean Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s
Republic of China
Environmental Impact Assessment Report
Legal representative: Zhang Jianming
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant, Guangdong SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Reconstruction Project for CDQ Clean Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS
Songshan Co., Ltd.
Construction Entity: Guangdong SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Assessment Unit: South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental
Protection of the People’s Republic of China (GuoHuanPingZhengJiaZi No. 2801)
Unit legal person: Zhang Jianming (Director)
Cooperative Unit: Shaoguan Environmental Monitoring Station
Chen Jun (Registered EIA Engineer Certificate No.: A28010160500)
Bian Guojian (Registered EIA Engineer Certificate No.: A28010480400)
Compiled by:
Name Title No. of EIA Registration Certificate Compiled Chapters Signature
or EIA Post Certificate
Senior Registered EIA Certificate No.: Chapters 1, 3, 6 and 14.
Chen Juan
Engineer A28010160500
Registered EIA A28010480400 Chapters 1; 2, 3; 6; 7; 8;
Bian Guojian Engineer
9; 14
Sang Yanhong Engineer Registered EIA Certificate No.: Chapters 12;13; 14
Long Yingxian Engineer Registered EIA Certificate No.: Chapters 4; 5; 11; 14
Qu Qun Engineer Registered EIA Certificate No.: Chapters 6; 14
Reviewed by: Zhong Changqin (Senior Engineer, Registered EIA Certificate No.:
A28010190600), Signature:
Dong Lin (Researcher, Registered EIA Certificate No.: A28010141000) Signature:
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant, Guangdong SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Table of Contents
1 GENERAL PRINCIPLES............................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 BACKGROUND ....................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 COMPILATION BASIS ............................................................................................................................. 2
1.2.1 Nationwide Laws & Regulations........................................................................................................ 2
1.2.2 Local Laws & Regulations ................................................................................................................. 2
1.2.3 Technical Guidelines and Criterions ................................................................................................. 3
1.2.4 Other Basis ......................................................................................................................................... 3
1.3 PURPOSES, PRINCIPLES AND METHODS FOR ASSESSMENT .................................................................. 3
1.3.1 Purposes.............................................................................................................................................. 3
1.3.2 Assessment Principles ........................................................................................................................ 3
1.3.3 Assessment Methods........................................................................................................................... 4
1.4 PROTECTION TARGETS FOR POLLUTION CONTROL, ENVIRONMENT ZONING AND PROTECTION ..... 4
1.4.1 Protection Targets for Pollution Control ........................................................................................... 4
1.4.2 Protection Targets for Environmental Protection.............................................................................. 4
1.5 ASSESSMENT GRADES AND KEY POINTS .............................................................................................. 7
1.5.1 Assessment Grades ............................................................................................................................. 7
1.5.2 Assessment Key Points ....................................................................................................................... 8
1.6 SCOPE AND FACTORS FOR ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................... 8
1.6.1 Water environment ............................................................................................................................. 8
1.6.2 Atmospheric Environment ................................................................................................................. 8
1.6.3 Acoustic Environment ........................................................................................................................ 9
1.6.4 Ecological Environment and Other ................................................................................................... 9
1.7 ASSESSMENT STANDARDS ....................................................................................................................... 9
1.7.1 Standards for Environment Quality ................................................................................................... 9
1.7.2 Emission Standards .......................................................................................................................... 10
2 PROJECT PROFILE .................................................................................................................................. 12
2.1 PROFILE FOR THE EXISTING COKING FACTORIES OF SGIS CO., LTD. ............................................... 12
2.1.1 Planning for the existing coking factors of SGIS............................................................................ 12
2.1.2 General Information of 4.3m 2×55 Hole Coking Oven and CDQ in Technological Renovation .. 14
TABLE 2.1-3 THE POWER CONSUMPTION OF THE EXISTING 4.3M COKE OVEN ............................................ 15
2.1.3 The technological renovation relies on pollutant discharge of the CDQ of 4.3m coke ovens
with2×55 holes .............................................................................................................................................. 17
2.1.3 The technological renovation relies on pollutant discharge of the CDQ of 4.3m coke ovens
with2×55 holes .............................................................................................................................................. 18
2.1.4 Main Existing Environment Problems of 4.3m Coking Oven ........................................................ 21
2.1.5 Coke Wet Quenching Solution to 4.3m Coke Oven ......................................................................... 22
2.1.6 Necessity to Replace the Coke Wet Quenching with Coke Dry Quenching.................................... 22
2.2 SURVEY OF COKE DRY QUENCHING TECHNICAL INNOVATION PROJECT ................................................. 23
2.2.1 Name, Nature and Location of Technical Innovation Project ........................................................ 23
2.2.2 Scale and Investment of Technical Innovation ............................................................................... 23
2.2.3 Manpower and Annual On-Stream Time of Technical Innovation Project.................................... 23
2.2.4 Main Technical and Economic Indexes of Technical Innovation Project...................................... 25
2.3 MAIN CONSTRUCTION CONTENTS OF COKE DRY QUENCHING TECHNICAL INNOVATION ....................... 26
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant, Guangdong SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
2.3.1 Project Setup..................................................................................................................................... 26
2.3.2 Main Construction Contents................................................................................................................ 28
2.4 GENERAL LAYOUT AND REASONABLE ANALYSIS .................................................................................. 36
2.4.1 General layout .................................................................................................................................. 36
2.4.2 Health protection zone ......................................................................................................................... 36
3 ENGINEERING ANALYSIS ...................................................................................................................... 40
3.1 RAW MATERIAL CONDITIONS AND PRODUCTS ................................................................................... 40
3.2 WATER BALANCE .................................................................................................................................. 40
3.3 TECHNICAL PROCESS AND POLLUTION-PRODUCING SECTIONS ANALYSIS OF CDQ PROJECT ........ 41
3.3.1 Overall Technical Process ................................................................................................................ 41
3.3.2 Technical Process, Pollution-producing and Treatment Measures of CDQ System ...................... 42
3.3.3 Technical Process, Pollution Producing and Treatment Measures of CDQ Thermodynamic
System 43
3.3.4 Technical Process, Pollution Producing and Treatment Measures of Coke Transportation System 44
3.4 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT IDENTIFICATION IN THE OPERATIONAL PERIOD..................................... 45
3.5 POLLUTION RESOURCE INTENSITY ANALYSIS IN THE OPERATIONAL PERIOD OF THE CDQ PROJECT
45
3.5.1 Air Pollution Sources ....................................................................................................................... 45
3.5.2 Pollution Resources.......................................................................................................................... 47
3.5.3 Solid Waste........................................................................................................................................ 48
3.5.4 Noise ................................................................................................................................................. 48
3.5.5 Statistics and Analysis of Abnormal Discharging Source Intensity................................................ 48
3.5.6 Three records before and after the coke dry quenching technical innovation ............................... 49
4 GENERAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE PROJECT SURROUNDING AREA ....................................... 51
4.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT.................................................................................................................... 51
4.1.1 Geographical Location..................................................................................................................... 51
4.1.2 Topography ....................................................................................................................................... 51
4.1.3 Geology ............................................................................................................................................. 51
4.1.4 Hydrology.......................................................................................................................................... 51
4.1.5 Climate.............................................................................................................................................. 51
4.1.6 Vegetation and Soil ........................................................................................................................... 52
4.1.7 Aquatic Organism Resources & Fishery Resources........................................................................ 52
4.1.8 Natural landscape............................................................................................................................. 52
4.2 SOCIETY AND ECONOMY ..................................................................................................................... 52
5 ASSESSMENT OF EXISTING SITUATION ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ................................... 55
5.1 EXISTING SITUATION SURVEY AND ASSESSMENT OF THE AMBIENT AIR QUALITY ........................... 55
5.1.1 Monitoring point............................................................................................................................... 55
5.1.2 Monitored items ................................................................................................................................ 57
5.1.3 Monitoring Time and Sampling Frequency .................................................................................... 57
5.1.4 Monitoring and analysis method ..................................................................................................... 57
5.1.5 Existing Situation Assessment of Ambient Air Quality ................................................................... 57
5.2 INVESTIGATION OF EXISTING SITUATION OF WATER ENVIRONMENT QUALITY.................................. 60
5.2.1 Monitoring points ........................................................................................................................... 60
5.2.2 Monitored items ................................................................................................................................ 62
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant, Guangdong SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
5.2.3 Monitoring Time and Sampling Frequency .................................................................................... 62
5.2.4 Monitoring and analysis methods.................................................................................................... 62
5.2.5 Evaluation of existing situation of water quality............................................................................. 63
5.3 MONITORING & EVALUATION OF EXISTING SITUATION OF ACOUSTIC ENVIRONMENT QUALITY ..... 69
5.3.1 Monitoring point............................................................................................................................... 69
5.3.2 Monitoring time and sampling frequency...................................................................................... 69
5.3.3 Monitoring method......................................................................................................................... 69
5.3.4 Evaluation of existing situation of acoustic environment quality................................................. 69
5.4 MONITORING & EVALUATION OF EXISTING SITUATION OF SOIL ENVIRONMENT QUALITY............. 70
5.4.1 Monitoring point............................................................................................................................... 70
5.4.2 Monitored items ................................................................................................................................ 70
5.4.3 Monitoring Time and Sampling Frequency .................................................................................... 70
5.4.4 Monitoring and analysis method ..................................................................................................... 71
5.5 INVESTIGATION & ASSESSMENT OF FARM CROP ................................................................................. 73
6. ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ANALYSIS ................................................................................................... 74
6.1 PREDICTION AND ASSESSMENT OF AMBIENT AIR IMPACT .................................................................... 74
6.1.1 Analysis of pollution meteorological conditions.............................................................................. 74
6.1.2 Estimation model.............................................................................................................................. 78
6.1.3 Prediction results and analysis and assessment .............................................................................. 82
6.1.4 Environmental impact assessment under abnormal emission ........................................................ 88
6.2 RIVER ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ANALYSIS ............................................................................................ 96
6.2.1 Overview of pollutant carrying river where the project is located................................................... 96
6.2.2 River Environment Impact Analysis ................................................................................................ 97
6.3 ACOUSTIC ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT ................................................................................ 98
6.3.1 Noise Source Intensity...................................................................................................................... 98
6.3.2 Patterning treatment of sound energy attenuation.......................................................................... 98
6.3.3 Forecast model.................................................................................................................................. 98
6.3.4 Results of noise forecast ................................................................................................................... 99
6.4 SOLID WASTE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ...................................................................... 101
6.5 ANALYSIS OF IMPACT OF DUST ON CROPS SURROUNDING PROJECT ................................................ 101
6.6 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION PERIOD. .......................................... 101
6.6.1 Environmental impact analysis for the construction sewage........................................................ 101
6.6.2 Environmental impact analysis for the construction dust............................................................. 102
6.6.3 Impact analysis for construction noises......................................................................................... 103
6.6.4 Analysis on Environmental Impact of Solid Waste ....................................................................... 106
6.6.5 Analysis on impact of soil erosion.................................................................................................. 106
6.6.6 Environment supervision during construction.............................................................................. 107
7 RISK ASSESSMENTS .............................................................................................................................. 109
7.1 RISK IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS ................................................................................................. 109
7.1.1 Material hazard identification of the Project................................................................................. 109
7.1.3Grade and scope of the assessment .....................................................................................................115
7.2 ANALYSIS AND FORECAST ON ENVIRONMENTAL RISK IMPACT .........................................................116
7.2.1 Determination of Maximum Credible Accident..............................................................................116
7.2.2 The Source Intensity of Maximum Credible Accident ...................................................................117
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant, Guangdong SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
7.2.3. Accident Consequence Forecast .................................................................................................119
7.2.4 Collection of Fire Water Discharging for fire Accident ................................................................ 124
7.2.5 Calculation for Risk Value ............................................................................................................. 125
7.3 RISK PREVENTION MEASURES ............................................................................................................ 125
7.3.1 Device selection and prevention measures on processing ............................................................. 125
7.3.2 The automatic control system, emergency shutdown and accidental handling devices during
production ................................................................................................................................................... 127
7.3.3 Prevention measures to hazardous substances .............................................................................. 128
7.3.4 Preventive measures of fire fighting system .................................................................................. 128
7.3.4 Prevention against natural disaster factors ................................................................................... 130
7.3.5 Gas protection area and management measures ........................................................................... 130
7.3.6 Environmental Monitoring & Environmental Risk Emergency Monitoring ............................... 131
7.4 EMERGENCY PLAN .............................................................................................................................. 132
7.5 “THREE SIMULTANEOUS” CHECK TABLE FOR ENVIRONMENT SAFETY ............................................ 134
8 CLEAN PRODUCTION & MASS LOADING CONTROL .................................................................. 135
8.1 DEFINITION & INDEX SYSTEM SELECTION........................................................................................ 135
8.2 ANALYSIS OF CLEAN PRODUCTION LEVEL FOR PRODUCTION PROCESS .............................................. 135
8.2.1 Comparison of Coke Dry and Wet Quenching .............................................................................. 135
8.2.2 Analysis of clean production process for coke dry quenching ...................................................... 136
8.3 REVIEW ON CLEAN PRODUCTION INDEXES .................................................................................... 136
8.3.1 Production process and equipment requirements.......................................................................... 137
8.3.2 Index of Coke product .................................................................................................................... 137
8.3.3 Waste recycling index ..................................................................................................................... 138
8.4 INDEX OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENT .............................................................. 138
8.5 ANALYSIS ON RESOURCE UTILIZATION AND ENERGY CONSERVATION ............................................... 139
8.6 CONCLUSION OF CLEAN PRODUCTION ASSESSMENT ....................................................................... 141
8.7 ANALYSIS OF TOTAL VOLUME CONTROL........................................................................................... 141
9 PREVENTION MEASURES AGAINST ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION & TECHNICAL
FEASIBILITY DEMONSTRATION ............................................................................................................... 142
9.1 DEMONSTRATION OF EXHAUST GAS CONTROL MEASURES ................................................................ 142
9.1.1 Exhaust gas control measures taken for whole technical renovation project .............................. 142
9.1.2 Exhaust gas control measures and environmental protection measures take for the coke dry
quenching system ........................................................................................................................................ 142
9.1.3 Feasibility analysis of exhaust control measures for coke dry quenching project ....................... 143
9.2 DEMONSTRATION OF WASTEWATER CONTROL MEASURES ................................................................ 143
9.2.1 Feasibility analysis of production sewage treatment measures..................................................... 143
9.2.2 Feasibility analysis of sanitary sewage treatment measures ......................................................... 145
9.2.3 Construction of sewage treatment plant of SGIS group................................................................ 145
9.3 DEMONSTRATION OF SOLID WASTE CONTROL MEASURES............................................................... 146
9.4 DEMONSTRATION OF NOISE CONTROL MEASURES ........................................................................... 146
10 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ...................................................................................................................... 147
10.1 PURPOSE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ................................................................. 147
10.2. STAGE AND MODE OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ................................................................................. 147
10.2.1 Phase I: Project EIA Information Publicity .............................................................................. 147
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant, Guangdong SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
10.2.2 Phase II: Public Participation in Preparation Stages of Report............................................... 147
10.2.3 Phase III: Publicity of Simplified Version of Report ................................................................ 147
10.3 MODE AND SCOPE OF INVESTIGATION ............................................................................................... 150
10.3 MODE AND SCOPE OF INVESTIGATION ............................................................................................... 151
10.4 RESULT ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC INVESTIGATION ................................................................................ 151
10.4.1 Statistics on Investigated People Circumstances of Public Participation................................. 151
10.4.2 Overall Findings of Public Participation Survey ...................................................................... 153
10.4.3 Opinion Survey and Clarification on Feedback........................................................................ 156
10.4.4 Summary of Opinion Feedback and Commitment on Part of Unit of the Project ................... 156
10.5 PUBLIC OPINIONS ON NOTICE OF SIMPLIFIED VERSION OF REPORT ............................................... 157
10.6 CONCLUSION ON PUBLIC PARTICIPATION .......................................................................................... 157
11 ANALYSES OF COMPLIANCE TO INDUSTRIAL POLICIES AND LOCATION
REASONABILITY ............................................................................................................................................ 158
11.1 ANALYSIS OF COMPLIANCE TO STATE INDUSTRIAL POLICY ........................................................... 158
11.1.2 Analysis of Compliance to Local Industrial Policy ................................................................... 159
11.2 REASONABILITY ANALYSIS OF FACTORY LOCATION .............................................................................. 160
11.2.1 Analysis of Layout Reasonability............................................................................................... 160
11.2.2 Reasonability Analysis of the Overall Layout............................................................................ 160
11.2.3 Environmental Availability Analysis.......................................................................................... 160
11.2.4 Feasibility of Prevention Distance ............................................................................................. 160
12 ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC GAIN AND LOSS.................................................................................... 162
12.1 INVESTMENT ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION OF THE PROJECT TO BE BUILT ............................ 162
12.1.1 Main Measures of Environmental Protection ........................................................................... 162
12.1.2 Investment on Environmental Protection.................................................................................. 162
12.2 ANALYSIS OF OVERALL ENVIRONMENT & SOCIOECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF PROJECT ........... 163
12.2.1 Social Performance Analysis ..................................................................................................... 163
12.2.2 Analysis of environmental profit and loss ................................................................................. 163
12.2.3 Economic Performance Analysis............................................................................................... 164
12.3 CONCLUSION TO ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC GAIN AND LOSS ........................ 165
13 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN...................................................... 166
13.1 RESPONSIBILITIES OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATION ........................................... 166
13.2 ENVIRONMENT MONITORING SYSTEM .............................................................................................. 166
13.2.1 Introduction of SGIS Environment Monitoring Station ........................................................... 166
13.2.2 Monitoring Range of SGIS Monitoring Station........................................................................ 166
13.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN .............................................................................................. 168
13.4 SUGGESTIONS ON STRENGTHENING ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT ................................................ 169
14 ASSESSMENT CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS........................................................ 172
14.1 PROJECT OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................... 172
14.2 ENGINEERING ANALYSIS..................................................................................................................... 172
14.2.1 Raw Material Conditions and Products..................................................................................... 172
14.2.2 Pollutant Discharge.................................................................................................................... 173
14.2.3 Before and after the coke dry quenching technical innovation ................................................ 173
14.2.4 Prevention and treatment measures for water pollution ........................................................... 174
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant, Guangdong SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
14.2.5 Health protection zone ............................................................................................................... 175
14.3 EXISTING SITUATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................... 175
14.4 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT PREDICTION............................................................................................. 176
14.5 CLEAN PRODUCTION AND MASS LOADING CONTROL ....................................................................... 178
14.6 INDUSTRIAL POLICIES ANALYSIS & RATIONALITY ANALYSIS OF SITE SELECTION ......................... 178
14.7 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ANALYSIS ..................................................................................................... 179
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
1 General Principles
1.1 Background
Guangdong SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “SGIS”) locates on the east of Maba Town, Qujiang
County, Shaoguan City of Guangdong Province. Established in 1966, it has become a large million-ton integrated
enterprise of steel and iron with over 40 years of development.
In Coking Plant of SGIS, there are currently two 4.3m coke ovens of Model JNK43-98F, i.e. 4# and 5# coke ovens
(1#~3#coke ovens have been removed), 2×55 holes, with an annual coke production of 700,000t.5# coke oven was
put into service in Nov. 2003, while 4# coke oven was put into use in 2004. For the quenching system, they both
adopted coke wet quenching, but places for coke dry quenching (CDQ) devices were reserved in design.
To recycle sensible heat from red cokes, reduce energy consumption and pollution, and improve quality of cokes,
SGIS Coking Plant equips current 4# and 5# coke oven quenching sections with CDQ devices without any
change in other sections, that is, a set of Model JNG68 CDQ devices. Considering a certain surplus coefficient
(max. 87.07t), maximum processing capacity of the CDQ devices is specified as 90t/h while the normal processing
capacity is 80t/h.Current coke wet quenching system can be reserved as backup devices of CDQ devices when the
latter are under annual repair or in failure.
By adopting CDQ, heat energy could be recycled from red cokes, 45t of medium pressure (3.82MPa) steam could
be acquired per hour and steam-generated power could reach 60286×103kWh every year; Energy-saving calculation
shows that, compared with coke wet quenching, adoption of CDQ could lead to energy recycling of 39,200t
standard coal, equal to energy reduction of 60kg standard coal in production of 1t coke. Full use of the foregoing
energy can undoubtedly reduce enterprise cost significantly and make products more competitive, thus bringing
obvious energy-reducing effects.
Large enterprises are encouraged to actively adopt new energy-saving and environmentally protective techniques,
such as coke dry quenching (CDQ) etc. to alter the existing coke enterprises, improve production technique level
and product quality, reduce energy dissipation and improve the environment.
The requirements of Admittance Requisites to Coking Industry “when newly building or expanding coke ovens, in
principle, construction of CDQ devices should be carried out simultaneously”;
The requirements of Development Policies on Steel Industry “Steel and iron enterprises must develop power
generation by recycling surplus heat and waste energy. Integrated enterprises of steel and iron with the scale of over
5 million tons should endeavor to realize the purpose of surplus power except self supply serving the outside” and
“Coke ovens should synchronously equip CDQ system matching with dust collecting devices”;
And the requirements of Guidance Directory for Adjustment of Industrial Structures (2005 Edition) that the State
encourages the steel and iron industry to construct CDQ devices.
In accordance with the above requirements, SGIS adopts advanced CDQ process to replace traditional coke wet
quenching process, i.e. equipping Model JNG86-1 CDQ devices with processing capacity of 90t/h. This complies
with relevant industrial policies.
According to Notice on Submission of Fund Application Report for 1st Alternative Projects on Resource Saving and
Environmental Protection in 2007 HuanZi (2007) No. 002, CDQ transformation project of SGIS Group Corporation
has been in the list.
In accordance with Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Environmental Protection (Decree
No. 253 of the State Council in 1998) and relevant provisions of the Province on administration of construction
project environmental protection, if the construction project is likely to cause serious impact on the environment,
environmental impact assessment (EIA) must be conducted, EIA report must be compiled and relevant examination
and approval system must be implemented in order to effectively control appearance of new pollution sources,
protect the environment and realize sustainable development.
After receiving the entrustment, the undertaking unit organizes to conduct field survey and data research on the
construction project and compile the EIP report in accordance with specific requirements of the State on the
compilation of the EIP reports.
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
1.2 Compilation Basis
1.2.1 Nationwide Laws & Regulations
(1) Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China (Dec. 1989);
(2) Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Water Pollution (revisedFeb. 28, 2008);
(3) Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution (revised in Apr.
2000);
(4) Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Noise Pollution (Oct. 1996);
(5) Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes
(Apr. 2005);
(6) Law of the People's Republic of China on Clean Production Promotion (2002);
(7) Decision of the State Council on Several Issues Concerning Environmental Protection (GuoFa 2005 No.39);
(8) Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Environmental Protection (Nov. 1998);
(9) Administration of Construction Project Environmental Protection by Means of Classification Catalogue,
Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China, Decree No. 14;
(10) Regulations on Grading Approval for Environmental Impact Assessment Documents of Construction Project,
Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China, Decree No. 164;
(11) Opinions on Enforcing Water Conservation Work of Industry, GuoJingMaoZiYuan [2000] No. 1015;
(12) Several Provisions on Development of Combined Heat and Power Production, State Development and
Planning Commission, JiJiaoNeng (1998) No. 220;
(13) Regulations of the State Council on Issues Concerning Acid Rain and SO2 Control Zones, GuoHan (98) No. 5;
(14) Replies of the State Council on the Tenth Five-Yean Plan of Pollution Control in Acid Rain and SO2 Zones,
GuoHan (2002) No. 84;
(15) Policy on Technologies for Prevention and Control of SO2 Emissions from Coal Burning, Ministry of
Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China, State Economic and Trade Commission and the
Ministry of Science and Technology [2002] No. 26;
(16) Development Policies for the Iron and Steel Industry (Jul. 2005);
(17) Circular on Strengthening Environmental Impact Assessment Management and Preventing Environmental
Risks (HuanFa (2005) No. 152);
(18) Interim Measures of the Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment, (HuanFa (2006) No. 28);
(19) Law of the People's Republic of China on Environmental Impact Assessment; Dec. 26, 1989
1.2.2 Local Laws & Regulations
(1) Regulations of Guangdong Province on the Administration of Construction Project Environmental Protection
(Sep. 1997), revised on the 31st Session of the 8th Standing Committee of Guangdong Provincial People’s
Congress;
(2) Guidelines of Guangdong Province on the Administration of Construction Project Environmental Protection
(trial) (Sep. 2000), Guangdong Environmental Protection Bureau YueHuanJian (2000) No.8;
(3) Scheme for Adjustment of Guangdong Industrial Structures, YueFuBan (2001) No.74;
(4) Division of Guangdong Surface Water Environmental Function Areas, YueFuHan (1999) No.553;
(5) Guangdong Blue Sky Project, YueFuBan (2001) No.7;
(6) Guangdong Green Water Project, YueFuBan (1997) No.29;
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
(7) Circular on Printing and Issuing Control Objectives of Total Amount of Emission from Major Pollutants in Each
County (City, District) during 11th Five-Year Plan, ShaoHuan (2006) No. 178;
(8) Scheme for Adjustment of Guangdong Industrial Structures (Apr. 2006);
(9) Compliance to the Guangdong Outline of Environmental Protection Planning (2006-2020).
(10) Circular on Printing and Issuing Guangdong Provincial Regulations on Grading Approval for Environmental
Impact Assessment Documents of Construction Project, YueFu (2006) No. 122;
(11) Public Participation on Environmental Management on Construction in Guangdong Province And
Implementation Measures ,YueHuan( 2007) No. 99
(12) Outline of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan for Ecological Protection in Guangdong Province.
1.2.3 Technical Guidelines and Criterions
(1) Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment---General Principles (HJ/T2.1-93);
(2) Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment--- Atmospheric Environment (HJ/T2.2-93);
(3) Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment---Surface Water Environment (HJ/T2.3-93);
(4) Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment--- Acoustic Environment (HJ/T2.4--95);
(5) Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment---Non-Polluted Ecological Impact(HJ/T19-1997);
(6) Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risks Assessment of Construction Project (HJ/T169-2004);
(7) Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment (HJ/T2.1-2.3-93, HJ/T2.4-1995);
(8) Technical Methods for Making Local Emission Standards of Air Pollutants (GB/T13201-91);
(9) Health Protection Zone Standard for Coking Plants (GB 11661－89)
1.2.4 Other Basis
(1) Approval Report of Coking Plant
(2) Feasibility Research Report on CDQ Clean Production Retrofit Project for 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of
Guangdong SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd. Compiled by ACRE Coking & Refractory Engineering Consulting
Corporation, MCC
1.3 Purposes, Principles and Methods for Assessment
1.3.1 Purposes
To comprehend environmental features in regions of assessment through research on existing situations of natural
environment and social environment surrounding the site of construction project; to find out engineering features
and pollutant emission features of the proposed project through analysis of engineering, pollution source and
prevention and control measures.
According to local environment features and pollution source features, make a survey of pollutant emission
conditions after trial production of this project, and degree and scope of impact on ambient environment as well as
possible changes in environment quality; to predict the improvement degree of environment due to decreased
pollutant emission after trial production of this project, probability and outcome of risk accidents, and put forward
emergency response measures and precautions; in accordance with clean production and total amount control and
other requirements, explain why the technologies and equipment used in this project are cutting-edge, and why the
environmental facilities are reliable and reasonable, and meanwhile propose countermeasures and suggestions on
prevention, control and alleviation of pollution.
1.3.2 Assessment Principles
In order to realize the above objectives, this environmental assessment adopts the following principles: on the basis
of principles such as “total amount control”, “clean production” and “specified emission” for pollutants, minimize
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pollutant emission amount of the Project, control total amount of pollutant emission after the launch of the Project
in a specified range, and promote integrated and coordinated development of local economic, environmental and
social performances. Try to work out the following contents:
(1) The situation survey has a specified target and practical significance;
(2) Pollution source survey and source intensity calculation embody the characteristics of the proposed project;
(3) As for the prediction and assessment of environmental risk impact, the methods are feasible and the results are
reliable, and it can really prevent the potential risks and protect the environment.
(4) Obey policies and regulations of the State on environmental protection such as “control total amount of
pollutants” and “specified emission”;
(5) Pollution prevention measures, implementing effects of environmental protection schemes, existing problems,
and analysis and suggestions for improvement.
1.3.3 Assessment Methods
(1) Focus on assessment of existing situation and conduct surveys to confirm environmental pollution by emission
and environment quality status after trial production of the project;
(2) (2) Make full use of environment data and information available on the region of the project;
(3) Analysis of pollution source shall be conducted by analogy analysis method, empirical coefficient method and
pattern calculation method, and meanwhile check pollutant emission from transformation projects with practical
evaluation results;
(4) Integrated use of qualitative and quantitative analysis;
(5) Analysis on the basis of local planning and the State’s industrial policies;
(6) Recommended assessment methods in Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment
promulgated by the State.
1.4 Protection Targets for Pollution Control, Environment Zoning and Protection
1.4.1 Protection Targets for Pollution Control
(1) All pollution sources are under reasonable and appropriate control, and their impact on the environment is
minimized by strengthening of technical measures and management measures;
(2) By actively promoting the principle of clean production, each technical and economic index of clean
production reach domestic advanced level;
(3) Each pollution source realizes specified emission;
(4) Control total amount of emission from major pollutants at each pollution source;
(5) In compliance with the principle of recycling and economy, realize reasonable use of energy and resources.
1.4.2 Protection Targets for Environmental Protection
According to features of the project and ambient environment situation, objectives for environmental protection in
this Assessment are as follows:
(1) Protection targets for ambient air protection: ensure no harm against living environment quality of residents in
and around the plant; ensure no harm against environment sensitive places including Fossil Site of Lion’s Crag
Primitives (Ancient Maba Man) 5km away in the southwest of the plant boundary and Nanhua Temple 10km away
(refer to Table 1.4-1 for details, and see relative locations in Figure 1.4-1).According to Principle and Technical
Methods for Regionalizing Ambient Air Quality Function (HJ14-1996) and Environmental Impact Assessment
Report on Technical Reformation Project of Slab Continuous Caster and Medium Plate Mill in Guangdong SGIS
Songshan Co., Ltd. replied by Guangdong Environmental Protection Bureau, as for Shaoguan Steel Plant, the
outside belongs to Category II ambient air quality function zone while the inside belongs to Category III ambient
air quality function zone.
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Table 1.4-1 Protection targets for ambient air protection:
Distance
Monitoring from the Distance from Atmospheric
Protection targets Location project the CDQ Object
point Function Zone
boundary system (m)
(m)
Plant Site / / / Grade III Zone Employee
1# Old Xiaojiang Village WS 1000 1500 Grade II Zone Residents: 330
2# New Xiaojiang Village WS 1600 1800 Grade II Zone Residents: 250
3# Daping Village WN 1580 1780 Grade II Zone Residents: 180
4# Liantang Village N 800 1300 Grade II Zone Residents: 200
5# Yumin Village WN 2000 2100 Grade II Zone Residents: 200
6# Shuibei Village EN 2000 2150 Grade II Zone Residents: 210
Maba No. 3 Primary Teachers and
7# W 2100 2200 Grade II Zone
School Students: 600
8# Da Yuantou E 2200 1950 Grade II Zone Residents: 400
Shaogang No. 1 Middle
9# SE 1900 2010 Grade II Zone Students
School
10# Meihuazhai Village E 2600 2750 Grade II Zone Residents
11# XinZhai SE 3800 3920 Grade II Zone Residents
12# Maba Town SW 5900 5810 Grade II Zone Residents
13# Nanhua Temple S 7000 6820 Grade II Zone Tourists
14# Shanzibei N 900 1310 Grade II Zone Residents
(2) Protection targets for environment waterprotection: The Project discharge outlet lies on Meihua River.
According to Division of Guangdong Water Environmental Function Areas, 6km Section from SGIS discharge
outlet to downstream Longgang (Estuary) of Meihua River and 4km Section from Longgang to Baitu (Estuary) of
Maba River shall comply with Grade Standard in Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water
(GB3838-2002), and so do Baitu Section of Beijiang River. Water environment quality around the plant is not
affected obviously. For regionalizing of water environment function and implementing standards in the assessed
region, see details in Table 1.4-2.
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Figure 1.4－1 Ambient Air Protection Objectives
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Table 1.4-2 Regionalizing of water environment function and implementing
standards in the assessed region
Protection targets Position Distance (m) Water Environment Function Zone
Meihua River (upstream) Huangsha Pit to SGIS discharge port, 14km Grade III
SGIS discharge port to downstream Longgang
Meihua River (downstream) Grade
(Estuary) of Meihua River: 6km
Maba River (upstream) Huangmao to Shaoguan Longgang: 42km GradeⅡ
Maba River (downstream) Longgang to Baitu (Estuary): 4km Grade
Beijiang River (Baitu Section) Shazhouwu to Baisha: 30km Grade
(3) Acoustic Environment: Near the boundary of this project (Iron-making Plant) are Sintering Plant,
Steel-making Plant and Power Plant. There are some residents scattered in Old Xiaojiang Village in the northwest
outside this Plant. There are no provisions about division of acoustic function areas in the assessed region currently.
According to standards specified in Environmental Impact Assessment Report on Technical Reformation Project of
Slab Continuous Caster and Medium Plate Mill in Guangdong SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd. replied by Guangdong
Environmental Protection Bureau, the implementing standards for acoustic environment in this project are shown in
detail in Table 1.4-3.
Table 1.4-3 Regionalizing of acoustic environment function and implementing
standards in the assessed region
Acoustic Environment
Protection targets Position Distance (m)
Function Zone
Northwest, 10m away from the north plant
Old Xiaojiang Village Grade 1
boundary
SGIS Living Area East and West Residential Area Grade 2
SGIS Plant Region Plant Region: 8.3 km2 Grade 3
1.5 Assessment Grades and Key Points
1.5.1 Assessment Grades
Upon request by the Technical Guidance for Environmental Impact Assessment, based on the characteristics of the
project and environmental features, the grades for this assessment are determined as:
(1) Assessment of atmospheric environment impact
Grading of atmospheric environmental impact assessment shall be based on the following factors: discharge amount
of major pollutants, complexity degree of surrounding geographical situations, relevant atmospheric environment
quality standards implemented in local area etc. After 1~3 major pollutants are chosen and their equivalent
discharge amounts are calculated, the grading of assessment work can be realized.
According to engineering analysis of the project, after it is put into operation, air pollutants (mainly SO2 and smoke
dust) emissions are as follows:
Qdust＝9.75kg/h
The formula for equivalent standard release in the Technical Guidance for Environmental Impact Assessment:
Pi=(Qi／C0i)×109
Wherein, Pi-equivalent standard emission (m3/h)
Qi-emission in unit time (t/h)
C0i-ambient air quality standard (mg/m3)
Therefore, the equivalent standard emission of dust (PM10) should be:
Pdust=0.3×107 m3/h.
P value is lower than 2.5×108 . As surrounding geography of the project is characterized by valley plain and hills, in
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accordance with specifications of Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment, the atmospheric
environmental impact assessment work of this project shall be specified as Class 3 assessment.
(2) Assessment of the impact on surface water
Upon request by the Guidance, the impact on surface water is graded in accordance with the emission of polluted
water, the complexity degree of the water-quality of the polluted water, the size of the water areas included, and the
requirements on water-quality.
The pollution carrying water body of the project is Meihua River (downstream), which is categorized as a small
river. The water quality of Meihua River (downstream) is required to be category IV. Water pollutants generated
from this CDQ project is simple and is reused after treatment which is up to relevant technical requirement and
realizes the zero discharge. So analysis for it only is qualitative.
(3) Acoustic environment impact assessment
The project is inside the plant area which belongs to Category 3 area in aspect of acoustic function, but the
boundaries of the plant are near Laoxiaojiang Village, in accordance with specifications of Technical Guidelines for
Environmental Impact Assessment---Acoustic Environment, assessment of acoustic environment impact shall be
specified as Class 2.
(4) Assessment of ecological environment impact
Within the area where the factory site is located, there are no animals or plants under the first-class protection of the
state, and no rare or endangered aquatic creatures live in the nearby sea area. Considering the project involves a
slight amount of wastewater release, and is carried out within the factory, so the ecological environment is
evaluated as general.
1.5.2 Assessment Key Points
In this Assessment, there are totally 13 special topics including Profile and Engineering Analysis of Construction
Project, Environment Profile, Monitoring and Assessment of Present Environment Quality, Environmental Impact
Analysis during Operation, Environmental Risks Analysis during Operation, Technical Feasibility Study on
Environmental Protection Measures, and Public Participation.
According to the pilot run condition of the project and environmental characteristics, the assessment of the
existing situation of the atmospheric environment, clean projection analysis, and the assessment and analysis
of the implementation effect of environmental protection measures are determined as the points of the
assessment.
1.6 Scope and Factors for Assessment
1.6.1 Water environment
Upon request by the Technical Guidance for Environmental Impact Assessment, we develop the scope and factor of
the assessment of the environmental impact of this project.
According to discharge features of engineering sewage, assessment scope of the project shall be determined as 1)
sewage port on Meihua River to converging points of Meihua River and Maba River, and the entrance where Maba
River flows into Beijiang River, the whole length is 10km; 2) the following Beijiang River section with a length of
5km.
Assessment factors of existing situation include the following 20 items: pH, SS, sulfide, volatile phenol, arsenic,
water temperature, lead, cadmium, copper, zinc, mercury, petroleum-related substances, fluoride, cyanide, CODcr,
BOD5, inorganic nitrogen, inorganic phosphorus and Fe.
Prediction factors: CODcr and petroleum-related substances
1.6.2 Atmospheric Environment
According to the request by the Technical Guidance for Environmental Impact Assessment, the release condition of
air pollutants and the characteristics of the regional environment, the scope and factor of the assessment of the
atmospheric impact in this project are determined.
Assessment scope: according to the project scale, pollution discharge characteristics and situation of surrounding
environment, the assessment scope of this project shall be fixed on such a rectangular area which centers on the
plant location and extends along the prevailing wind direction, with its side length being 10 km.
Assessment factors of existing situation: SO2, NO2, PM10, TSP
Factors for existing situation assessment: PM10, TSP (Under the accidental conditions)
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1.6.3 Acoustic Environment
According to the condition of the surrounding environment, the scope for acoustic environment assessment is the
area within the factory boundary in which there are noise sensitive points. The assessment factor is equivalent
consecutive Level A. The range of assessment is 200m outside the boundary..
1.6.4 Ecological Environment and Other
The factors for evaluating the existing situation of land quality are: pH, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr
Animal and plant breeds, biomass, and dominant species etc.
The assessment of the impact of solid wastes on the environment involves the analysis of the toxicity of the solid
wastes, the authentication of the characteristics and types of the solid wastes, the analysis of the measures of
comprehensively utilizing or disposing solid wastes, of the possible impacts of the solid wastes on water bodies, the
atmosphere, soil, underground water and ecology etc., and the feasibility of the pollution preventing and treating
measures taken.
1.7 Assessment Standards
1.7.1 Standards for Environment Quality
(1) Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-96, modified in Jan., 2000); Class III standard is adopted inside the
plant, and Class II standard is adopted outside the plant.
Table 1.7-1 Standards for Environment Quality
Pollutants Assessment Standards Average value in 1 hour Day average
Absorbable Value of Class II Standard (mg/m3) / 0.15
particles Value of Class III Standard (mg/m3) / 0.25
Value of Class II Standard (mg/m3) / 0.3
TSP 3
Value of Class III Standard (mg/m ) / 0.5
Value of Class II Standard (mg/m3) 10 4
CO
Value of Class III Standard (mg/m3) 20 6
Value of Class II Standard (mg/m3) 0.5 0.15
Sulfur dioxide
Value of Class III Standard (mg/m3) 0.7 0.25
Value of Class II Standard (mg/m3) 0.24 0.12
Nitrogen dioxide
Value of Class III Standard (mg/m3) 0.24 0.12
(2) The corresponding standards of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002) shall be
implemented according to Water Function Planning of Guangdong Province: namely, the upstream of Meihuahe
River (between Huangshakeng and discharge outlet of SGIS, 14km) applies to Class III standard; the 6km-long
section of Meihua River between discharge outlet of SGIS and Longgang of Meihua River downstream (estuary)
and the 4km-long segment of Maba River between Longgang and Baitu (estuary) apply to Class IV standard; the
upstream of Maba River (between Huangmao and Longgang in Shaoguan, 42km) applies to Class II standard; and
the Baitu segment of Beijiang River applies to Class IV standard.
Table 1.7-2 Surface Water Ambient Quality Standard
Items Class I Class II Class III Class IV Class V
PH value (no dimension) 6~9
Artificial variations of environment water temperature should be limited as:
Water temperature
Maximum temperature rise in week average ≤1
Chemical oxygen demand
15 15 20 30 40
(COD) ≤
biochemical oxygen demand after
5 days (BOD5) 3 3 4 6 10
(BOD5) ≤
Copper≤ 0.01 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Arsenic≤ 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.1 0.1
Mercury≤ 0.00005 0.00005 0.0001 0.001 0.001
Chrome (hexavalence) ≤ 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.1
Lead≤ 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.1
cyanide≤ 0.005 0.05 0.2 0.2 0.2
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Items Class I Class II Class III Class IV Class V
Volatile hydroxybenzene≤ 0.002 0.002 0.005 0.01 0.1
Petroleum≤ 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.5 1.0
Sulphide≤ 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.5 1.0
Fluoride≤ 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5
Total nitrogen≤ 0.2 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
Total phosphor≤ 0.02 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4
Zinc≤ 0.05 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0
Cadmium≤ 0.001 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.01
Iron≤ 0.3
(3) According to the requirements of Ambient Noise Standard for Urban Area (GB3093-93), the acoustic
environmental sensitive points Yangwu Village, Dayuantou Village, Shanzibei School, Xiaogang Village and
Xiaojiang Village, belonging to the rural living environment, applies to Class I standard of Ambient Noise Standard
for Urban Area (GB3093-93); the Laoxiaojiang Village, for being in the 300m range to SGIS plant boundary,
applies to Class II standard of Ambient Noise Standard for Urban Area (GB 3093-93); and the plant boundary,
belonging to industrial region, applies to Class III standard of Ambient Noise Standard for Urban Area
(GB3093-93).
Table 1.7-4 Standard of Ambient Noise Standard
Daytime Nighttime
Class I standard 55 45
Class II standard 60 50
Class III standard 65 55
(4) The Class II standard in the Environmental Quality Standard for Soils (GB15618-1995).
Table 1.7-5 Standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Soils
Copper Lead Zinc Cadmium Mercury Arsenic
Grade-2, soil ambient quality standard 50 250 200 0.3 0.3 30
1.7.2 Emission Standards
(1) Emission standards for air pollutants
There is Emission Standard of Air Pollutants for Coke Oven (GB1617-1996) in coking industry, which is only
applicable for the exhaust funnel of coking oven, thus the Phase 2 Class II standard of Local Discharge limits of
Pollutants in Guangdong Province (DB4427-2001) is implemented as the discharge standard for air pollutants of
the project.
The Phase 2 Class II standard of Local Discharge limits of Pollutants in Guangdong Province (DB4427-2001);
Table1.7-6 Emission standards for atmospheric pollutants
Items Particles NOx SO2
DB44/27-2001 phase 2 120 120 500
(2) Discharge standard for water pollutants
The wastewater is reused after meeting the Phase 2 Class I standard of Local Discharge limits of Pollutants in
Guangdong Province (DB4426-2001).
Guangdong Emission limits for Water Pollutants (DB4426-2001): phase 2 grade 1;
Table1.7-7 Emission standard for water pollutants
Items CODcr Petroleum
DB44/26-2001 phase 2, grade 2 standard 90 5.0
DB44/26-2001 phase 2, grade 2 standard 110 8.0
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(3) Noise emission standards
Standard of Noise at Boundary of Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90) Class III standard;
Table1.7-8 Standards of Noise at Enterprise Boundary
Items Daytime Nighttime
(GB12348-90) Standards III 65 55
Noise Limits for Construction Sites (GB12526-96)
Table1.7-9 Noise Limits for Construction Site
Noise limitation
Construction phase Main sources of noise
Daytime Nighttime
Earthwork Bulldozers, excavators and loaders etc. 75 55
Construction
Piling All kinds of pile drivers etc. 85
prohibited
Concrete, mixers, stirring sticks, electric
Structure 70 55
saws etc.
Decoration Hoists, elevators etc. 65 55
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2 Project Profile
2.1 Profile for the existing coking factories of SGIS Co., Ltd.
2.1.1 Planning for the existing coking factories of SGIS
Currently, there are 5 coking ovens in SGIS with an annual output of 1 million ton coke. In which, the
carbonization chambers of #1 to #3 coking ovens, with 3.8m height and 3×32 holes, produce 0.3 million tons of
coke annually; the carbonization chambers of #4 to #5 coking ovens, with 4.3m height and 2×55 holes, produce 0.7
million tons of coke annually. The current situation of coking system is mainly coke wet quenching.
The adjusted plan for the coking factories is:
The #1~#3 smaller coking ovens with 3×32 holes (3.8m) shall be eliminated.
#4~#5 coking ovens with 2×55 holes (4.3m) shall be retained, and further equipped with 1×90t CDQ device.
Coking ovens with 4×55 holes (6m) shall be built. Two matching sets of CDQ devices with hourly treatment
capacity of 140 tons shall be equipped
Coking system 4X55 holes (6m) and 2X55 holes (4.3m), total capacity is 2,900,000t/a.
Refer to Table 2.1-1 for the volume and production capacity of the current coking plant of SGIS.
Table 2.1-1 Sizes of SGIS’s existing coking factories and main functions
Coke Height of Annual production of Main functions
oven no. carbonization pure cokes (10,000
chamber (m) tons)
1# 3.8 (32-hole) 10 Coal mixing, coking,
2# 3.8 (32-hole) 10 wet quenching,
3# 3.8 (32-hole) 10 simple disposal of
raw gas, simple
water disposal
4# 4.3 (55-hole) 35 Coal preparation,
5# 4.3 (55-hole) 35 coking, CDQ
(1×90t/h), waste gas
treatment, A/O/O
water treatment
Total 100
The process flow chart mainly comprises the reserved #4 and #5 coking ovens.
See Table 2.1-2 for the information about the main sections of No.1-5 coke ovens.
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Table 2.1-2 Sections of the existing coking factories
#1~#3 coking ovens #4~#5 coking ovens
Coal mixing Technique composition Coal reservation facilities: dry coal shed; coal Coal reservation facilities: open-air coal yard,
system unloading: coal unloading grab 350×110m;
Coal unloading: spiral unloading truck
Environmental protection With crushing and dust-removing system With crushing and dust-removing system
measures
Coking system Technical composition for 3X32 holes, 2.8m, an annual production of 2×55 hole, 4.3m, an annual production of 700,000
coke ovens 300,000 tons of cokes; ~
tons of cokes; ~
Coal loading High-pressure ammonia coal loading, which High-pressure ammonia coal loading + ground
does not clear dusts station that clears dusts
Coke removal Dust is not cleared Ground dust clearing station for coal removal
Coal removal transfer Dust is not cleared Set a dust clearer
Coke quenching Wet quenching Wet quenching
Gas purification Ammonia washing Wash off ammonia with water Mechanical tar-ammonia separator
Desulphuration Do not desulphurate HPF desulphurization right after the ventilator
(using the ammonia in gas for desulphurization)
for the waste saline is hard to be treated
Separation of ammonia and Mechanical coke oil-ammonia separating slot Automated steam-gas separator
coke oil
Tank area Tar tank 1×400m3；3×100m3 3×1000m3
Benzene tank 7×40m3 2×450m3
Released gases of all the separating slots Direct release Direct release, washing method (water) for some
gases
Polluted water disposal factory devices The simple biochemical treatment can only The disposal speed is 2000m3/d, disposal
remove the phenol-cyanogen but not COD, and technique: A/A/O method
the treatment capacity is 60 m3/h
Planning condition Removal Retain
of
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2.1.2 General Information of 4.3m 2×55 Hole Coking Oven and CDQ in Technological
Renovation
There is an environmental impact assessment report of 2×55 holes coking oven, which passed the environmental
assessment of Yue Huan Letter (2003) No. 370 Paper, the environmental protection acceptance by Guangdong
Environmental Protecting and Monitoring Center in Nov. 2005, and the acceptance of Yue Huan Letter (2006) No.
44 Paper issued by Guangdong Environmental Protection Bureau on Jan. 13th 2006; refer to attachments for
detailed texts.
(1) Production scale and product scheme
The 2×55 holes coking oven producing 700,000 tons of coke annually and 79.91 tons of dry coke per hour, uses
JNK43-98F type 2×55 holes reheating coke oven, and the project occupies a land area of 160,000m2.The existing
employers are 509.
(2) Components of the project
The main production facilities are: Coal preparation workshop, coking workshop and gas purification workshop.
The coal preparation workshop includes: Coal acceptance device, coal yard, coal distribution chamber, grinder
chamber, coal sample chamber, bulldozer garage, transfer station and belt conveyor corridor etc.
The coking workshop includes: The 2×55 holes JNK43-98F type coke ovens and its matching coke oven machine,
coal reservation tower, chimney, dedusting ground station for coal charging and coke pushing, CWQ system,
coking platform, coke screening and storing station, belt conveyer corridor, transfer station and fine coke settling pit
etc.
The gas purification workshop includes:Blasting condensation device, HPF desulphurization device, ammonium
sulfate device, distilled ammonia device, final-cooling benzol washing device, crude benzene distillation device and
tar depot device etc.
The auxiliary production facilities comprises of circulation water system, phenol-cyanogen wastewater treatment
station, central power distribution station, cooling station, compressed air drying station, high-pressure water pump
station and telecommunication device etc.
(3) The current main engineering power consumption
Refer to Table 2.1-3 for the power consumption of 4.3m 2×55 holes coke oven engineering.
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Table 2.1-3 The power consumption of the existing 4.3m coke oven
Index No.: Unit Value
Water for production m3/h 195
Power 103kWh/a 22885
Blast furnace gas 103m3/a 589679
Coke Oven Gas 103m3/a 42670
Steam t/a 180994
The main materials are: Cleaned coal for coking, waste gas, washing oil, sulphuric acid (93%), NaOH (40%), HPF
desulphurization agent, water quality stabilization medicament, dirt dispersing agent, phosphate, polymerized iron,
Na2CO3 and PAM etc.
(4) Main process flow and dirt producing segment
The process of 4.3m 2×55 holes coke oven (#4 and #5 coke ovens) starts from coal treatment, coking, CWQ and
coke treatment, and end at gas refining and chemical product circulation. The improved project is mainly for the
improvement of coke quenching technology in coking workshop, so only the processes of coal preparation
and coking workshops are described here. Refer to Figure 2.1-1 for the brief process flow chart of coking system
and coke quenching system of coking plant.
Figure 2.1-1Existing process flow chart of coking system and coke quenching system of coking plant
Brief description on process flow:
Coal treatment system
Coals are transferred into the blending chute on the belt conveyor in the open coal yard. The coals are divided into
two groups for combined storage by different nature. The blending chute blends coals with quantitative blending
devices controlled with computer. The two groups of coals blended are transported through the belt conveyor into
the secondary grinder room and grinded with hammer grinders respectively. The coals grinded are fully mixed in
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
the mixing chute, and then transferred into the coal storage tower.
Coking
Coals for coking blended from coal preparation workshop are put into the coal tower. Coal charging car loads coals
from the tower according to the operation plan. The coals are put into the carbonization chamber after being
weighed, within a coking cycle of high-temperature pyrolysis in the carbonization chamber and refined into cokes
and raw gases.
The matured cokes in the carbonization chamber are pushed out with coke pusher, inducted into the coke tank truck
through the coke guider, and then transferred into the CDQ section.
The raw gases produced during the pyrolysis in the carbonization chamber influx to the space on top of the
carbonization chamber, and into collection pipes through rising pipes and bridge pipes. The raw gases of about
800 are cooled to about 85 by being sprayed with ammonia in bridge pipes, and coke tar and other gases in the
raw gases are condensed at the same time as well. Coal gas and condensed coke tar, together with ammonia, are
piped into gas purification workshop through gas pipes.
Coke oven gases or mixed gases for heating the coke oven are piped into the coke oven basement through overhead
external pipes. The gases are piped into the bottom of the vertical flue in combustion chamber through lower
nozzles, and air from waste gas exchange switcher, are burned together in three-level converging entries (bottom of
the combustion chamber, 2.38m and 4.37m away from the bottom) respectively. The burned waste gases influx
through span hole on top of the vertical flue into the vertical flue for downdraft, pass through regenerator, with its
part being sensibly heated and recycled through chimney checkers, and then pass through sole flue, waste gas
exchange switcher, branch flues, general flue, chimney, and finally are emitted into the atmosphere.
Wet quenching
Coke tank truck full of red coke is drawn into the bottom of the hoisting frame by CDQ motor, and into CDQ tower
with circulating water system.
Coke treatment
Coke treatment system is composed of front depository, coke screening building and coterminous belt conveyor.
The coking system of the No.1 Steel Plant is set with coke transfer wharf.
The cokes discharged from the CDQ devices are transferred into the front depository for storage. Normally, cokes
are sent from the front depository to the coke screening building. After being screened, the metallurgical cokes
larger than 25mm are sent directly into the iron plant through belt conveyor and those smaller than 25mm are sent
to the sintering plant. When blast furnace is in overhaul or wind-off, cokes in the front depository are transferred
into the coke storage yard by truck.
Wet quenching situations of the existing coke oven are mainly seen in Figure 2.1-2.
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Current Situation of Coke Oven Current Situation of Coke Oven
Current Situation of Dry Coking System
Current Situation of Dry Coking System
Current Situation of Coke Oven
Current Situation of Coke Oven
Figure 2.1-2 Current Situation of 4~5# Coke Oven and Dry
Coking System
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
2.1.3 The technological renovation relies on pollutant discharge of the CDQ of 4.3m
coke ovens with2×55 holes
2.1.3.1 Major Pollution Factors and Control Methods of Coking Plant of Current Project
(1) Waste gas
Coal Preparation Workshop
The major pollution sources in coal preparation workshop include the coal crusher room, all coal transfer stations
and the coal transportation corridor,
The dust-producing points of the coal crusher room shall be provided with the pulse bag dust collectors for
purification; the coal transfer yard, crusher room, transportation corridor and other relevant buildings shall adopt
the seal design. In addition, the main dust-entrainment places shall be equipped with the dust-prevention sprinkling
facilities to prevent the second fugitive dust caused by the dust dissipation.
Coking Workshop
Dust pollutants are produced during coal loading and coke pushing in the coke oven body. The coal charging hole
will utilize new type seal structure. The gap between the oven cover and the base is sealed with special slurry after
coal loading, with deducting 90%-95% dust dispersing as compared with the prior situation. The rising pipe cover
and bridge pipe joint using water-seal device can reduce dispersing dust by 95%; and the rising pipe root packed
with asbestos rope braided and sealed with special slurry can reduce dispersing dust by 90%. The furnace door with
the hitting knife edge, thick frame and large protection board bring about highly comprehensive intensity and little
thermal deformation of the furnace door, thus preventing the leakage of door effectively and reducing dust escape
by 90%. The comprehensive control measures of high-pressured spray ammonia, loading coal orderly and seal in
smaller furnace door during coal loading will reduce dust escape by 60%.
In order to reduce the smoke dust escaping during the coal charging and coking pushing, the smoke dust produced
in this process shall, through relevant design, be collected by the smoke dust collecting device and then transferred
to the ground dedust station, The pulse bag-type dust collectors are set in ground dust removal station with the
dedusting efficiency of 99.9%.
The coke oven heated with mixture of coke oven gas and blast furnace gas desulfurized, and the waste gases are
dispersed into high sky through 120m high chimney.
The main pollutants of the coke discharging system are powders, B[a]P, BSO, H2S, NH3, SO2, NOx, CO and so on.
The waste gases are collected to the coke discharging ground station, gas ashes are collected to the dust collectors.
Then they’re transferred to the Hazardous Waste Disposal Centre.
Coke Wet Quenching System
The coke dust discharged from the coke quenching tower and the coke screening and storing system. The project
adopts coke wet quenching. The wooden slatted dust catchers are set at the top of CDQ tower for the produced coke
dust during CWQ. There are 5 sets of foam dust separators in dust-producing points such as coke screening
buildings and coke storage buildings, and coke transferring buildings with the dedusting efficiency of 93%. All the
transferring stations and lanes of the coke screening and storage systems are designed to be closed.
Coal Gas Purification Workshop
Every dispersing pipe and exhaust outlet of the 4# and 5# coke ovens is basically in direct dispersing, with partial
discharge after washing; gas purification adopts HPF desulphurization, waste gases from thiamin dryers in the
Thiamin Section are exhausted after isolating ammonium sulfate dusts from high-efficient separators. Gases from
dispersing pipes of the oil tank separators in Crude Benzol Section are connected in batch and collected into coal
suction pipes to avoid pollution from exhaust.
(2) Wastewater
The wastewater produced in the coking process is mainly phenol-cyanogen wastewater which is composed of the
gas water seal water, the distilled ammonia wastewater, the separating water from each oil groove and separator of
the crude benzene distillation section. The components of phenol-cyanogen wastewater are relatively complicated,
with such high-concentration pollutants as CODCr, volatile phenol, cyanide, ammonia nitrogen, petroleum, and are
sent to Phenol-Cyanogen Wastewater Treatment Station for treatment. The existing disposal scale of
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
phenol-cyanogen wastewater is 2000m3/d.
Process Design
In order to prevent the water pollution, this project shall firstly choose the processes or equipments featuring no
pollution or little pollutant discharge to make the radical control, and then adopt corresponding treatment measures.
The control and treatment measures adopted are as follows:
Adopt the horizontal-pipe primary-cooling techniques in the coal gas purification process to reduce the wastewater
discharge.
The left ammonia water shall receive the ammonia distillation treatment to reduce the ammonia nitrogen content in
the wastewater, with the distilled ammonia wastewater sent to the phenol-cyanogen wastewater treatment station for
treatment.
The separating water from each oil groove and separator of the crude benzene distillation section shall be sent to
ammonia water settling tank, not discharged out.
The desulfurization waste liquid shall be sent to the coal preparation workshop and mixed into the coking coal, not
discharged out.
The emptying liquid in the underground emptying tank of each section of the recovery workshop shall be
collectively delivered to the ammonia water settling tank.
The anti-seepage floor shall be arranged inside the production workshop to prevent the underground water from
being polluted.
In order to prevent the water pollution accidents, the large-volume ammonia water storage tank, underground
emptying tank, accident adjusting tank, phenol water storage tank and so on shall be arranged to meet the adjusting
requirements of the general accident and prevent the pollution caused by the accidental overflow.
Phenol-Cyanogen wastewater treatment station
The water seal water of the ascending pipe of coke furnace, the gas final-cooling benzol washing drainage water,
the floor flushing water and the laboratory wastewater shall be delivered to the phenol-cyanogen wastewater
treatment station for disposal. The phenol-cyanogen wastewater treatment station, with a disposal scale of
2,000m3/d after improvement, has for the current stage an effluent of 29m3/h., it is sent to the coking workshop
as quenching make-up water. No exhaust realizes the zero wastewater discharge.
Process flow of the phenol-cyanogen wastewater treatment station: the pretreatment part includes flotation pool and
regulation pool; biological treatment adopts A/A/O biological nitrogen removal process, composed of hypoxia
pool, aerobic pool, secondary sedimentation tank and fan room, etc.; the coagulation treatment is to process the
water from the secondary sedimentation tank by physical and chemical methods, cyanide phenol wastewater treated
through biological filtering pool disperses into the central water treatment plant for in-depth treatment.
(3) Solid wastes
The solid wastes produced by this project mainly include: the dust recycled by the dedusting system; the tar residue
produced in the blasting condensation section; the separation residue generated by the ultra-centrifuge in the tar
depot; the remainder sludge and a little domestic garbage from the phenol-cyanogen wastewater treatment station.
The coal dust and coke dust collected by all dust collectors shall be sold or returned to the process system for re-use;
the tar residue discharged from the mechanized ammonia water separation hopper in the blasting condensation
section shall be delivered to the coal preparation workshop and mixed into the coking coal; the asphaltic residue
discharged from the ammonia distillation tower in the ammonia distillation section and the tar residue produced by
the tar tank of the anhydrous ammonia facility shall be sent to the coal preparation workshop and mixed into the
coking coal, not discharged out. The remainder sludge of the phenol-cyanogen wastewater treatment station will be
made into the sludge coke and delivered to the coal preparation workshop and mixed into the coking coal.
(4) Noises
The noises produced by this project belong to the mechanical noise caused by the mechanical clash, friction,
rotation and other movements as well as the air dynamic noise resulting from the airflow movement or aerodynamic
force; the main noise sources include: the crusher, vibrating screen, blower, ventilator, steam turbine, air
compressor, generator and exciter, compressor and various pumps.
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
The corresponding vibration-reducing measures shall be taken to control the noise pollution caused by the
vibration.
2.1.3.2 Existing Pollutants Discharge Situation of Coking Plant of Current Project
(1) Pollutants Discharge Situation of Coking Plant
Table 2.1-4 Existing Pollution Source Intensity of Coking Plant
Contents Discharge Producing Concentration
Source Name of Discharge Concentration and
Type and Quantity before
Pollutant Quantity (Unit)
(No.) Treatment
Coal
Preparation Smoke Dust 300 mg/m3，about 800t/a 80mg/m3，about 93t/a
Workshop
Smoke Dust 500mg/m3，about 1,100t/a 40mg/m3，about 105t/a
Coke
Furnace Bap / 0.023t/a
Body
H2S / 0.3 t/a
40mg/m3，about 106t/a 40mg/m3，about 106t/a
Chimney of Smoke Dust
Coke SO2 175mg/m3，68.6t/a 175mg/m3，68.6t/a
Gas
Furnace NOX
Pollutant 170mg/m3，66.6t/a 170mg/m3，66.6t/a
Coke
Quenching Smoke Dust 300mg/m3，about 400t/a 67mg/m3，about 60t/a
Tower
Coke
Screening
Smoke Dust 400mg/m3，about 350t/a 80mg/m3，about 60t/a
and Storing
System
Coal Gas SO2 50mg/m3，15.2t/a
Purification 600mg/m3，182.4t/a
Workshop
Smoke Dust 2756 t/a 424 t/a
Total SO2 251 t/a 83.8 t/a
NOX 366.6t/a 366.6 t/a
CODCr 1,360mg/l，351 kg/a 110mg/l，37kg/a
General
Ammonia 90mg/l，28 kg/a 16.4mg/l，5 kg /a
Discharge
Nitrogen
Outlet for
Water Disposed Volatile 120mg/l，35 kg/a 0.37mg/l，0.1 kg /a
pollutants Water of Phenol
3.9mg/l，1.2 kg/a 0.32mg/l，0.1 kg /a
Coking Cyanide
Plant 36mg/l，21.1 kg/a 7mg/l，4.1 kg /a
Petroleum
(30m3/h)
SS 900mg/l，526.5 kg/a 90mg/l，52.7 kg /a
Wastewater
Total 33.6×104m3/d
Quantity
Solid Production 0 Recycle (Coal Preparation
Tar Residue 29,900 tons
Waste Workshop System)
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Furnace-End 0 Recycle (Back to Coke
16,000 tons
Coke Oven)
0 Recycle (Back to
Coke Breeze 289,000 tons
Coke Oven)
Coal Crusher 92~98
The enterprise boundary noises
Gas Blower 91~96;
comply with the Standard of
Mechanical Noise Pump 85~96; Noise at Boundary of
Noise
Equipment dB(A) Ventilator Set ~97; Industrial Enterprises
(GB12348-90) type-III
Gas Blower 95~110;
standard
Dedusting Fan 92~99;
(2) Pollutant Discharge Situation of Coke Wet Quenching Section
The project adopts coke wet quenching. The wooden slatted dust catchers are set at the top of CDQ tower for the
produced coke dust during CWQ. There are 5 sets of foam dust separators in dust-producing points such as coke
screening buildings and coke storage buildings, and coke transferring buildings with the dedusting efficiency of
93%. All the transferring stations and lanes of the coke screening and storage systems are designed to be closed.
See Table 2.1-5 for the Pollutant Producing Situation of Current Coke Wet Quenching
Table 2.1-5 Pollutant Producing Situation of Current Coke Wet Quenching
System Pollutants Control Smoke Producing Treatment Discharge Discharge
Name measures Gas Concentration Efficiency Concentration Speed kg/h
Quantity mg/m3 % mg/m3
m/h
Coke Smoke Foam Dust 113000 300 93 67 7.6
Quenching Dust Collector
Tower
Coke Smoke 95000 400 93 80 7.6
Screening Dust
System
Transfer Smoke Bag Dust 100000 1000 98 30 3.0
System Dust Collector
The dust discharge concentration of coke wet quenching＜80mg/m3, the discharge quantity of existing coke
quenching tower and coke screening and storing process is 18.2kg/h.
2.1.4 Main Existing Environment Problems of 4.3m Coking Oven
The #1~#3 coke ovens of the existing coking plant will be torn down and replaced by the 2×55-hole (6m) coke
oven built in the original position.
The removed coke furnaces and supports shall be disposed as waste steel and the fire-resisting materials sold.
The existing 2×55-hole (4.3m) coke oven shall be equipped with the phenol-cyanogen wastewater treatment station
with the scale of 2000m3/d after the reconstruction in 2006, and the discharged water can comply with the standards
and will all serve as the make-up water for coke wet quenching.
There arranged the ground dedusting system for the coke discharging.
The existing major environment problems:
The 2×55-hole (4.3m) coke oven adopts the coke wet quenching, therefore a large amount of vapor together with a
little toxic gas will be produced in the process of coke quenching. Now, it is planned to adopt the 1×90t/h coke dry
quenching.
The coal of the coal yard is stored in the open air, which easily causes the fugitive dust and initial rainwater with
large content of Two matching sets of CDQ devices with hourly treatment capacity of 140 tons shall be equipped
SS. Such situation is suggested to be rectified in the plan.
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
2.1.5 Coke Wet Quenching Solution to 4.3m Coke Oven
In order to recycle the sensible heat of red coke, decrease the energy consumption, reduce the pollution and
improve the coke quality, the coking plant of SGIS intends to provide the #4 and #5 coke quenching section with
the coke dry quenching devices, with other sections unchanged. For this purpose, it is determined to adopt one
set of JNG68 coke dry device with a maximum disposal capacity of 90t/h. Current coke wet quenching system can
be reserved as backup devices of CDQ devices when the latter are under annual repair or in failure.
2.1.6 Necessity to Replace the Coke Wet Quenching with Coke Dry Quenching
The coke dry quenching, CDQ for short, is defined compared with the coke wet quenching; it is such a coke
quenching method as adopting the inert gas to extinguish the red-hot coke. The coke dry quenching can recycle the
sensible heat of red coke, improve the coke quality, and alleviate the environment pollution caused by the coke
quenching operation.
Compared with the regular coke wet quenching, the coke dry quenching has the following three features.
(1) Recycle Sensible Heat of Red Coke
The sensible heat of red coke takes up 35%-40% of the coke oven energy consumption; the coke dry quenching can
recycle 80% sensible heat of red coke, with the average 0.45-0.55t steam (3.9-4.0MPa and 450 ) recycled by
quenching 1t coke. According to the effect analyses on all energy-saving projects in the enterprise, including the
coke dry quenching and power generation with surplus heat, the coke dry quenching devices can occupy 50% of the
total saved energy. It can be said that the coke dry quenching plays a significant role in the energy-saving projects
of the steel enterprises.
(2) Improve Coke Quality
Compared with the coke wet quenching, the coke dry quenching can prevent the bad effect of the rapid cooling
caused by the coke wet quenching on the coke structure, and therefore improve the mechanical strength, abrasion
resistance and real specific gravity of the coke to some extent. The M40 is increased by 3%-6%, M10 reduced by
0.3%-0.8%, and the reactivity index decreased greatly. The quality improvement of metallurgical coke is very
beneficial to reduce the iron making cost, enhance the pig iron output and smooth the blast furnace operation, and
such effects will be more obvious in case of large blast furnace with the coal injection technology. The large blast
furnace smelting of the former Soviet Union indicated that the coke dry quenching can reduce the coke ratio by
2.3%, and increase the production capacity of blast furnace by 1%-1.5%.
Meanwhile with the coke mass unchanged, the coke dry quenching can increase the proportion of weakly caking
coal in the coking coal, which can reduce the coking cost. See Table 2.1-6 for the Quality Index Contrast of Cokes
Produced by Two Coke Quenching Methods.
Table 2.1-6 Coke Quality Contrast between Coke Dry Quenching and Coke Wet Quenching
Quality Indexes of Coke Coke Wet Quenching Coke Dry Quenching
Water Content (%) 2-5 0.1-0.3
Ash Content (Dry Basis) (%) 10.5 10.4
Volatile Content (%) 0.5 0.41
Coke dry quenching increases it by 3%-6% compared with the coke wet
M40 (%)
quenching.
Coke dry quenching improves it by 0.3%-0.8% compared with the coke wet
M10 (%)
quenching.
Sizing Component: >80mm
11.8 8.5
(%)
80-60mm (%) 36 34.9
60-40mm (%) 41.1 44.8
40-25mm (%) 8.7 9.5
<25mm (%) 2.4 2.3
Average Grading (mm) 65 55
Coke dry quenching increases it by about 4% compared with the coke wet
CSR (%)
quenching.
True Density (g/cm3) 1.897 1.908
(3) Reduce Environment Pollution
Take the coking plant with the annual output of 1 million tons for an example, when adopting the regular coke wet
quenching, the discharge quantity of phenol, cyanide, H2S, ammonia and other toxic gases will exceed 600t, which
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
can seriously pollute the atmosphere and surroundings. While the coke dry quenching will basically does no harm
to the environment since it adopts the inert gases to cool the red coke in the sealed dry quenching tank, and is
equipped with good and effective dedusting facilities.
On the other hand, when producing the same quantity of steam for production use, the coke dry quenching process
can prevent the air pollution caused by the boiler smoke gas, and therefore reduce the discharge of SO2, CO2,
showing the excellent social benefit. See Table 2.1-7 for the pollution situation of two types of coke quenching
Table 2.1-7 Pollution Contrast between Coke Dry Quenching and Coke Wet Quenching Process Unit:
kg/h
Mode of Production Phenol Cyanide Sulphide Ammonia Coke Dust CO
Coke Wet Quenching 33 4.2 7.0 14.0 13.4 21.0
Coke Dry Quenching No No No No 7.0 22.3
Note: the above data are from the website of Steel Association
As can be known from the above, compared with the coke wet quenching, the coke dry quenching can considerably
reduce the pollutant discharge. It is a clean production project and necessary for the development of enterprises.
2.2 Survey of Coke Dry Quenching Technical Innovation Project
2.2.1 Name, Nature and Location of Technical Innovation Project
(1) Project Title:
Reconstruction Project for CDQ Clean Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
(2) Construction Nature
Technical Innovation
(3) Construction Location
SGIS is located in the south suburb of Shaoguan city, a place which is 14 km from the downtown area and belongs
to the Maba Town, Qujiang District. See Figure2.2-1.
The coke dry quenching project of 2×55-hole 4.3m coke oven is situated in the coking plant of SGIS; the dry
quenching oven-coke dry quenching boiler system will be arranged east of the existing coke oven, occupying the
position reserved for the coke oven overhaul. The wagon puller platform and the dedusting system shall be arranged
from inside out and the turbine chamber and the cooling tower arranged on both sides of No. 2 coke oven chimney.
See Fig. 2.2-2 for the specific position of this project in SGIS.
Being long and narrow, the coke dry quenching place for the 2×55-hole coke oven is 100m long from east to west
and 23m wide from south to north, taking up an area of 2300m2.
2.2.2 Scale and Investment of Technical Innovation
(1) Construction Scale
Build the JNG86-1 coke dry quenching devices with the disposal capacity of 90t/h as well as the supporting
thermodynamic system.
(2) Project Investment
The fixed asset investment of this project is RMB 155,700,000 Yuan, 8％ of which will directly be used on the
environmental protection, equal to RMB 12,460,000 Yuan.
2.2.3 Manpower and Annual On-Stream Time of Technical Innovation Project
The production staff of this technical innovation project shall be 52 people, with the number of managerial staff not
to be increased.
Consecutive three-shift working system is implemented for departments or posts of consecutive work. 350 working
days annually and 8400 working hours.
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Figure2.2-1 Geographical Location of the Project
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
2.2.4 Main Technical and Economic Indexes of Technical Innovation Project
Table 2.2-1 Main Technical and Economic Indexes of Technical Innovation Project
No.: Name of Index Unit Index Remark
Ⅰ Installed capacity
Processing capacity of the coke dry
1 t/h 1×90
quenching device
II Product output
1 Steam t/h 45
External supply of steam t/h 20
2 Electricity generating 103kWh 60286
III Raw material consumption
1 Coke (burnt) t/a 6195
2 Trisodium phosphate t/a 0.9
3 Dimethyl Ketoxime kg/a 80
4 Ammonia t/a 1
IV. Power consumption
1 Water for production m3/h 59
3
Desalting water m /h 48
3
Circulating water m /h 3420
3
Domestic water m /d 8
3
2 Annual electricity consumption 10 kWh 12534
3 Steam
For operation and
Of which: 1.0MPa t/h 3.5
overhaul
0.6 MPa, t/h 5
3
4 Compressed air for production m /min 3 0.5 MPa,
3
5 For dedustings and instruments m /min 10 0.5 MPa,
20m3/min during
6 Nitrogen gas m3/min 4.5
accidents
V. Investment
10 thousand
1 Fixed Asset Investment 15570
Yuan
2 Interest for Construction Period 10 thousand 344.72
Yuan
10 thousand
3 Circulating Funds 206.13
Yuan
. Other targets
1 Worker quota Person 52
Including: working personnel Person 52
2
2 Project land area m 9550
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
No.: Name of Index Unit Index Remark
2
3 Road and turnaround area m 1000
4 Afforesting land rate % 15
2
5 Afforesting land area m 1433
2.3 Main Construction Contents of Coke Dry Quenching Technical Innovation
2.3.1 Project Setup
Main Work: build the JNG86-1 coke dry quenching devices with the disposal capacity of 90t/h;
The main auxiliary parts: the corresponding CDQ thermal system including CDQ boiler, deoxidizing water pump
station, turbine power station and regional thermal pipe galleries; coke transfer station, coke traverse, dedusting
device for the CDQ body, dedusting ground station of CDQ and coke screening floor, etc; desalting water,
circulating water pump station, compressed air station are relying on the existing establishments in SGIS.
Public Works: the heating and ventilation, water supply and sewerage, power supply, communication etc. shall be
arranged on the basis of the existing water supply pipe network, coke oven gas pipe network, nitrogen pipe network
and coking central substation.
The newly-built CDQ transfer system utilizes the former Screener Storage System.
See Table 2.3-1 for the Project composition.
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Table 2.3-1 Composition of Technical Innovation Project
System Name Construction contents
The principal CDQ device This device shall match with two 4.3m coke ovens, in addition one set of
part JNG86-2 (90t/h) coke dry quenching device shall be built. Mainly include:
red coke transfer system, dry quenching oven and gas supply device,
loading device, coke discharging device, gas circulation system and
elevators.
CDQ heating CDQ boiler A set of CDQ boiler is provided. The Rated Evaporation Quantity of the
power system boiler: Q=45t/h, Max Q=52t/h. It is mainly composed of steam drum,
superheater, evaporator, coal economizer, desuperheater, muffler, boiler
steel frame and so on.
Deoxidizing water A deoxidizing water pump station is newly built, in which there is a
pump station desalting water tank, 2 deoxidizing water pumps, 1 deoxidizing machine, 2
boiler water pumps and a set of full-automatic concentrated sampling
device, a set of full-automatic phosphates dosing device and a set of
full-automatic dimethyl ketoxime dosing device.
Turbine power A set of Model-C12-3.43/0.98 extraction condensing turbine generating
station unit, N=12000kW, with a corresponding QF-12-2 generator. Annual
operating time of each set is 8160 h(340d) , overhaul time is 600 h.
Regional thermal All the pipelines adopt the manner of layered overhead laying. The label
pipeline lanes bridges of power and instruments between different shops and regional
thermal pipeline lanes are of the common frame.
Auxiliary Water supply and Design one set of water supply system for production and fire-fighting,
parts drainage circulating water system, domestic water supply system and drainage
system; the water used for production and fire fighting and the domestic
water required by this project shall be supplied by the original pipe
network. Drainage is discharged into existing drainage networks.
Thermal System The thermal media of the project include stream, compressed air
(including compressed air for production, purification compressed air for
instruments, purification compressed air for dedusting), nitrogen and
desalting water.
CDQ Dedusting The main dust sources are at the coke container in the top cover of the
System quenching coke slot, pre-storage intake in the top cover of the quenching
coke slot, inert gas circulating ventilator intake, coke chute in the bottom
of the quenching coke slot, vibration feeder, rotary seal valve intake,
feeder outlets of discharging coke belt conveyor, etc.
Power and Build one CDQ electrical chamber which contains inside the CDQ 6kV
Telecommunications distribution chamber, CDQ workshop substation and CDQ main control
chamber.
Manufacturing The DCS control system of turbine power station shall include the
Process Control redundant controller, engineer station, operation station, system software
System and so on.
Environmental Dust collection The coke intake of the CDQ top is set with an annular water seal block.
Protection measures for coke The lifting sealing cover of the coke funnel cuts into the water seal block
Project intake in CDQ top to form a water seal, preventing dust spillover. Meanwhile, the coke funnel
connects the movable dust pumping Inside of the funnel is of negative
pressure, which pumps a large amount of smokes and dusts into the dust
pumping during coke intake, to reduce dust proliferation.
Dust collection Coke discharge adopts a continuous discharging device with grilled seal
measures for coke valve, of good gas tightness and able to seal the smoke and dust when
discharge in CDQ discharging coke; meanwhile, nitrogen is charged into the shell of the coke
discharge device to withstand the pressure and avoid circulating gases
spillover. In addition, dust pumping is provided over the coke chute and
the feed outlet of discharging coke belt conveyor, and pumps the smoke
and dust into the dust pumping during coke discharge.
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Measures for The gases from dispersing pipes in CDQ pre-storage chamber and
ventilation in CDQ circulating ventilator are pumped into the dedusting system in ground
device stations and processed by bag filters and dispersed.
Leak proof High temperature compensators are set between the CDQ and the primary
measures of gas dedusting machine, and between the dedusting machine and the CDQ
circulating system boiler. The circulating gas pipes behind the ventilators are also set with
several low temperature compensators.
Anti-noise measures The ventilator shells and the outside wall of the circulating gas pipes
in circulating around the ventilator are packed with rockwool seam carpet for noise
ventilator and coke insulation. The noise can be controlled less than 85db after the
discharge device implementation of acoustic treatment.
2.3.2 Main Construction Contents
The CDQ project mainly includes CDQ system, CDQ transport system, thermal devices, water supply and drainage
devices, turbine power station, dedusting device for the CDQ body, dedusting ground station of CDQ and coke
screening floor etc; deoxidizing water pump station, circulating water pump station, desalting water station,
comprehensive electrical chamber and compressed air station rely on the existing parts. See Table 2.3-2 for the
main construction contents.
Table 2.3-2 Main Construction Content of Technical Innovation Project
No.: Device name Main construction contents
1 CDQ system CDQ body, CDQ boiler
2 CDQ stream system CDQ turbine power station, deoxidizing water pump station
3 Coke transport system Belt conveyor
Auxiliary production CDQ dedusting ground station, circulating water system,
4
facilities comprehensive electrical chamber, etc.
2.3.2.1 CDQ system
(1) CDQ technological principle
The coke dry quenching engineering is an emerging energy-saving and environment-protection demonstration
project of China’s coal chemical industry. During this technical process, the circulating inert gas N2 (about 180 )
will be sent by the blower device into the CDQ oven to extinguish the red-hot coke through heat exchange, and then
transfer the heat from the coke (N2: about 800 ) to the surplus heat boiler via the circulation system; in this process,
the boiler will produce the high-pressure steam (54Mpa, 450 ) which will be sent to the turbine power generator
for power generation. In this way, the environment pollution can be reduced, resources fully utilized and coke
quality improved.
Basic technical parameters
a) Basic Process Conditions of Coke Oven
Coke Oven Configuration 2×55-hole JNK43-98F coke oven
Tension Operation Coefficient of Coke Oven 1.1
Full Dry Coke Output Per Hour 79.91t
Annual Output of Coke 700,000t/a
b) Basic technical parameters of CDQ devices
Coke Dry Quenching Configuration one set of JNG68－1 coke dry quenching device
Temperature of Coke Entering CDQ Oven 950~1050
Average Temperature of Dry Quenched Coke ≤205
Maximum Disposal Capacity of CDQ Device 90t/h
Coke Loading Quantity under Normal Operation of CDQ Device 79.91t/h
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Circulating Air Quantity of System 125000 m3／h
Temperature of Circulating Air out of CDQ Oven 850~950
Temperature of Circulating Air into CDQ Oven 130
Operation System of CDQ Oven 24 hours on end, 340d/a
Annual Overhaul Time of CDQ Oven 25d/a
Not capable of providing electricity to users, but only operating with factory grid.
(2) CDQ technological components
CDQ is mainly composed of red coke transport system, hoisting machine, coke dry quenching boiler, gas supply
device, load device, coke discharge device and gas circulating device.
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Table 2.3-3 CDQ technological components
No System Name Main tasks
The red cokes from carbonization chambers are transported to the
top of the CDQ boiler, matching with the input device. Put the cokes
into CDQ boiler. The main equipments include the electric
locomotives, coke tank truck (truck and coke tank), alignment
1 Red coke transport system device, hoister, etc.
In case of annual overhaul or incidents occurring to CDQ devices,
the motor vehicle draws and operates a stand-by coke wet quenching
vehicle to CDQ tower for coke wet quenching.
It’s responsible for lifting and transporting coking tanks. It mainly
consists of a lifting device, a running gear, a safety device, a cargo
sling, a coking tank cover, steel structure main framework, a lifting
2 Hoisting machine
guide rail, a machinery room and platform and a running ladder, etc..
Linkage between the hoister and other equipments shall be realized
by PLC.
The gas supply device positioned at the bottom of the CDQ boiler
evenly feeds the cold circulating gas into the cooling chamber, and
3 CDQ and gas supply device
can make the cokes in the boiler evenly fall down. It’s mainly made
up of a cone, a wind cap, an air channel and a peripheral vane.
Responsible for loading cokes, it’s provided with a dust collecting
4 Load device
pipe and doesn’t generate dust escape during coke loading.
It’s positioned at the bottom of the CDQ boiler, consecutively
discharge the cooled cokes at the bottom of the CDQ boiler in a
closed manner. Without the circulating gases being released out of
5 Coke discharge device the boiler, the cokes discharged continuously in a fixed quota are
conveyed through the coke chute to the belt conveyer for output. The
coke discharge device is also provided with a dust collecting pipe
and doesn't generate dust escape during coke discharge.
Being a gravity settling flute-type dedusting device, it’s used for
removing coarse grain coke powders in the circulating gas, to reduce
Primary
the wear on the CDQ boiler piping. Blank wall is provided in the
dedusting
dedusting machine. The bottom cone outlet of the primary dedusting
machine
machine is divided into funnel form, connecting two-fork flutes at
the bottom to discharge the coke powders.
Arranged between the boiler and the circulating fan of gas
circulating system, the secondary dust separator adopts the special
dust collector suitable for the coke dry quenching process to further
Secondary
separate the thin coke dust from the circulating gas, ensuring the dust
dedusting
Gas content of gas entering the circulating fan less than 1g/m3, and the
machine
6 circulating dust with the diameter smaller than 0.25mm taking up over 95% of
system the total. In this way, the blades of circulating fan will be less worn
by the coke dust.
After being pressurized, the gases in closed loop shall then be
conveyed uninterruptedly into the CDQ boiler for recycled use and
Circulating
setup of one recycling ventilator, with a wind volume of approx.
ventilator
125000m3/h and a total head of approx.9kPa. Ventilator shall be
temperature and wear resistant.
Know-how developed by ACRE: the heat is transferred from the
Heat-pipe circulating gas to the boiler feed water through their heat exchanger,
exchanger which is carried out by the repeated circulation of
“evaporation-transfer-condensation”.
For facilitating the operations of inspection and overhaul personnel,
7 Elevator
an elevator is installed outside the framework of the CDQ boiler.
(2) Introduction to CDQ technology
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
The coke tank cars filled with red cokes are hoisted to the bottom of hoisting shaft framework by an electric
locomotive. The hoisting machine hoists the coke tanks and transports them to the top of CDQ boiler, and loads
them into the CDQ boiler through the load device with charge distributor. In the CDQ boiler, cokes and inert gases
experience heat exchange, in which the cokes are cooled to an average temperature of approx. 205 , unloaded onto
the belt conveyor through the coke discharge device and then transported to the coke processing system.
The circulation ventilator blows the inert gases of cooled cokes into the CDQ boilers from the gas supply device at
the bottom of the CDQ boiler, and makes those inert gases exchange heat with red-heat cokes in a countercurrent
flow. The temperature of the Heat Recycling Gas exhausted by CDQ Oven is between 850 and 960 . After being
de-dusted through the First-time Dust Collector, the gas goes into the CDQ Boiler for the heat exchange and the gas
temperature drops to 160~180 . The cooled circulating gas out of the boiler flows through the secondary dust
separator for dedusting and is pressurized by the circulating fan, then cooled down to about 130 by the heat-pipe
exchanger; after that such gas flows into the coke dry quenching oven for reuse.
Coke powders separated by the primary and secondary dedusting machines are collected into the storage tanks by
special transmission devices, and used as the raw materials in sintering shops after being wetted.
Smokes and dusts, which are generated from coke loading, code discharge of CDQ devices, dispersed from
pre-storage chamber and ventilator, etc., all enter the CDQ ground station dedusting system for dispersing after dust
removal.
2.3.2.2 CDQ heating power system
The thermodynamic system of coke dry quenching is one important part of the entire coke dry quenching
technologic system, the role of which is to lower the temperature of cycling inert gas in coke dry quenching system,
and absorb its heat to be utilized effectively. Its performance will directly impact the operation of coke dry
quenching facility.
The CDQ thermodynamic system of this project consists of four parts, that is, the CDQ boiler, the deoxidizing feed
pump station, the turbine power station and the thermodynamic pipe galleries. For the detailed production
capacities of the CDQ boiler, deoxidizing feed pump station and turbine power station, please see Table 2.3-4.
Table 2.3-4 Production capacity list of the thermodynamic system of coke dry quenching
No Name Production capacity Remarks
Corresponding to the 4.3m coke 45t/h Normal
1 oven
52t/h The largest
CDQ boiler
2 Steam turbine power station* 1×12000kW U=6300V
(1) Layout of the thermodynamic system of coke dry quenching
The vertical arrangement is adopted on the coke dry quenching boiler, primary dust collector and dry quenching
chamber in turn. This deploying mode is compact in structure with small space occupied, which is beneficial to the
cycle of cycling inert gas system of the coke dry quenching. The deoxygenation water supplying pump station and
steam turbine power station are deployed in the vicinity of the coke dry quenching boiler. The deoxygenation water
supplying pump station and steam turbine power station are deployed uniformly in a station building so as to
shorten length of the regional heat gallery, lower loss of pressure and temperature, therefore being favor of the
medium transmission of the main steam, water supplying, medicine adding and sampling to the coke dry quenching
boiler.
(2) CDQ boiler
The coke dry quenching boiler system is composed of main body of the coke dry quenching boiler, deoxygenation
water supplying pump station and the regional heat gallery connecting pipelines among thermal facilities.
The coke dry quenching boiler produces steam utilizing waste heat in the coke dry quenching process, while the
inert gas returns to dry quenching chamber for recycling use. The steam produced in the waste heat boiler is
transmitted to the steam turbine power station for power generation and heat supplying through a single
bus-pipe-type system.
Heat source: The red hot coke around 1000 in the dry quenching chamber is cooled by the cycling inert gas, and
the cycling inert gas is heated absorbing sensible heat of the coke. After being dusted via the primary dust collector,
the cycling gas is sent into the coke dry quenching boiler, exchanging heat with steam and water in the coke dry
quenching boiler; after passing through the secondary dust collector, circulating ventilator and heat-pipe heat
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
exchanger, the cycling gas is sent into the dry quenching chamber to cool the red hot coke again with a further
lowered temperature.
Inert gas cycling system: With effect of the circulating ventilator, the cycling inert gas cools the red hot coke
around 1000 in the dry quenching chamber. The cycling inert gas absorbed sensible heat of the coke is heated to
880 to 960 . The cycling inert gas with a high temperature is sent into the coke dry quenching boiler after being
dusted via the primary dust collector, exchanging heat with steam and water in the coke dry quenching boiler, being
lowered the temperature to 160 to 180 ; after passing through the secondary dust collector, circulating ventilator
and heat-pipe heat exchanger, the cycling inert gas is sent into the dry quenching chamber to cool the red hot coke
again with the temperature lowered to 130 .The indications and records of temperature and pressure of the cycling
inert gas as it is sent into and out of the coke dry quenching boiler are established in the master control room of the
coke dry quenching, and a device is also established to interlock with the circulating ventilator when the water level
of the coke dry quenching boiler is extremely low, and the circling water flow capacity of the coke dry quenching
boiler reaches the lower limit.
The inlet cycling gas parameters of the coke dry quenching boiler:
For the 4.3m coke oven, the circulating gas quantity through the entrance of the CDQ boiler shall be: 104200m3/h
(normal); 127800m3/h (maximum);
Temperature of circulating gas: 920 ; Pressure of circulating gas: -1000~-1200Pa
Dust concentration of circulating gas: 8~12 g/m3；
Cycling gas components:
H2: 0.1% N2: 72.2% O2: 0%；
CO: 0.2% H2O: 11% CO2: 16.5%。
Temperature of circulating gas through exit of CDQ boiler: 165
Boiler steam-water system: The desalinated water from the Chemical Desalinated Water Station of SGIS Company
is sent to the desalinated water tank established for this project of deoxygenation water supplying pump station, and
then pressurized and sent to the heat exchanger by the deoxygenation pump, then sent to the deaerator to conduct
deoxygenation by steam heating after heat exchanging. Showing the temperature of 104 after deoxygenation, this
water is sent into the coke dry quenching boiler by the boiler feed water pump to produce steam for supplying to the
steam turbine power station which is newly built for this project to generate electricity.
Immediately beside the CDQ device is arranged the CDQ boiler whose parameters are determined as follows:
P=3.82MPa, t=4500C, temperature of feed water tw=104
See Table 2.3-5 for the main technical characteristics of the CDQ boiler.
Table 2.3-5 Technical features of coke dry quenching boiler list
No. Name Unit Data Remark
1 Rated evaporation t/h 45
2 Max evaporation t/h 52
Before / After
3 Rated working pressure MPa 4.14/3.82
Control Valve
4 Steam temperature 450+5-10
5 Feedwater temperature 104
Calculated temperature of cycling gas at boiler
6 920
inlet
Calculated temperature of cycling gas at boiler
7 165
outlet
8 Blowdown rate % ≤2
9 Deployment mode Open pit
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
No. Name Unit Data Remark
10 Metal weight t 610
Long × Width
11 Ex. dimensions m 12.95×13×27.1
× Height
12 Quantity set 1
2.3.2.3 Deoxidizing water pump station
A deoxidizing water pump station is newly built, in which there is a desalting water tank, 2 deoxidizing water
pumps, 1 deoxidizing machine, 2 boiler water pumps and a set of full-automatic concentrated sampling device, a set
of full-automatic phosphates dosing device and a set of full-automatic dimethyl ketoxime dosing device.
An automatic trisodium phosphate dosing system and an automatic dimethyl ketoxime dosing system are adopted
by this design in order to remove scale and prevent anticorrosion.
2.3.2.4 Turbine power station
A C12-3.43/0.98 type extraction condensing steam turbine generator unit is set up, N=15000kW, rated speed 3000 r
/ mi, correspondingly a QF-12-2 generator is configured.
In order to ensure the operation heating security of the steam turbine power station, a Q= 50t/h,
P1/P2=3.82/0.98MPa, t1/t2= 450/305 desuperheat and decompression device is set up within the station. When the
steam turbine power generator unit stops by accident, the desuperheat and decompression device will operate
automatically.
This steam turbine generator unit of the steam turbine power station is synchronous with the coke dry quenching
boiler, namely, the annual operation time of each steam turbine generator unit is 8160h and maintenance time is
600h.
Table 2.3-6 Technical and economic indexes list(corresponding to indexes of steam feeding for 45t/h) of
operating conditions of the steam turbine power station
Sequence Installing capacity 1 coke dry quenching boiler
1QF-12-2 generator, N=15000kW U=6300V
Items Unit operation Maintenance Remarks
No. One generator for one Zero generator for Zero
boiler boiler
1 Operation time h 8,160 0
2 Steam volume produced of the coke dry t/h 45 0
quenching boiler
4 Inlet steam volume of the steam turbine t/h 45 0
5 Steam volume condensed of the steam turbine t/h 25 0
6 Steam volume extracted t/h 20 0
4
7 Annual generation capacity kWh 6,028.6×10
8 Annual heat output GJ/a 4,94496
2.3.2.5 Water supplying and draining system
The supplying and draining facilities of this project includes mainly: water supplying system for production and fire,
circling water system, water supplying and draining systems for life.
The new water consumption for production of this project is 59m3/h(making up to circling water system 1415m3/h,
making up to the coke dry quenching oven1m3/h), desalting water is 48m3/h, and water for life is 8m3/h.
The utilization rate of circling water: 98.3%
(1) Water Supply System
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Water supplying system for production and firefighting
The water consumption of 90t/h coke dry quenching and power generating faculty supporting 4.3m coke oven for
production of this project is 59m3/h.Water for production and firefighting is supplied directly from the existing
water supplying network for production and firefighting in plant, which water pressure is not less than 0.40MP.
The times of fire occurring simultaneously is considered as one in this design. The max firefighting water
consumption is 10L/s indoor and 25L/s outdoor. Fire hydrants and fire extinguishers shall be established indoor and
outdoor in accordance with the requirement of existing fire prevention code of architectural design.
Circling water system
The cooling water of users of coke dry quenching device and thermal power station is adopted on the circling
water supplying system. The circling water volume is 3,420 m3/h.The water temperature required at inlet of users
is 35 , and 41 at outlet. The backwater of circling water is sent into the cooling tower for lowering temperature
depending on the residual pressure. The temperature of water cooled is 35 . The water cooled flows into the
pumping well of circling water pump room, supplied to users for recycling use after being pressurized through the
circling water pumps group.
The blowdown volume of circling water accounts for about 0.6% of cycling water volume, 480m3/d.The
make-up water is supplied from the existing water supplying network of production and firefighting in plant.
In order to guarantee the water quality of the circling water system, the beside filter facility and high-frequency
water processor are arranged on the circling water system. The high-frequency water processor has a function of
scale and corrosion inhibition on equipment and pipelines as well as plays the role of sterilization and algae killing.
Life water supplying system
Life water is supplied from the existing water supplying pipeline network in the plant.
(2) Water Supply System
Production wastewater: water seal on the coke dry quenching oven discharges water with an amount of about 1m3/d,
and flows to the existing phenol-cyanogen wastewater treatment system. It can be up to the standard after treatment
and can be used as makeup water for blast furnace slag system.
The water of circling cooling water and blowdown water of the coke dry quenching facility, circling cooling water
and blowdown water of air-cooler and oil cooler of the generator and kinds of pumps, steam condensate water and
recycling blowdown water of waste heat boilers does not excludes basically other harmful substances. In addition to
water temperature raises slightly, other pollutants contained in water is less? The part of wastewater with an output
volume of 480m3/d is sent into the water purification and purified water reuse system of whole SGIS as the purified
drainage water.
Purified wastewater of production is discharged into original rainwater drainage system in the plant; sewage coking
plant life into is brought into existing sewerage system of .the coking plant
2.3.2.6 Thermal facilities
The project has six kinds of heat medium， steam, desalinated water, compressed air for production, compressed
purified air for instruments, compressed purified air for dusting, and nitrogen gas.
All the steam, desalinated water, compressed air for production, compressed purified air for instruments,
compressed purified air for dusting, and nitrogen gas shall be supplied to boundary of the project by SISG Coking
Plant.
Wherein: the quality of desalinated water shall comply with requirement of the Steam and water Quality Standard
for Thermal Power Plant. Consumption of various thermal mediums sees Table 2.3-7.
Table 2.3-7 Consumption of thermal mediums list
Parameters Consumption
No. Mediums title Consumption Remarks
Pressure (Mpa) Temperature ( )
by unit
1.0 Saturation 3.5t/h Use at starting
1 Steam
0.4~0.6 Saturation 5
Compressed air for
2 0.6 ≤40 3 m3/min Standard state
production
Compressed purified air 0.6 40 10 m3/min Standard state
3
3 Nitrogen gas 0.5 40 4.5 m /min Standard state
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
4 Desalting water 0.3 Normal temperature 48 m3/h
2.3.2.7 Environmental Protection Project
(1) Waste gas treatment measures
The main pollution sources of coke dry quenching system are the loading inlet of the coke dry quenching oven,
coke releasing outlet, emission gas outlet of pre-stored room, emission outlet of the circulating ventilator as well as
unloading process of coke transport. The main pollutant produced is coke dust and others.
The smoke and dust collecting facilities are designed to establish on the coke loading position of the coke dry
quenching oven top, coke releasing position of tank bottom, belt of coke outlet, emission outlet of circulating
ventilator, etc.; dust produced during the production process of the coke dry quenching will be transmitted to the
ground dust removal station of the coke dry quenching after being collected. The large-scale pulse bag dust removal
filters are established in the ground dust removal station, of which dust removal efficiency is above 99.6%. The
smoke and dust is emitted via the exhaust stack with a height of 28m after being purified. The dust density at the
outlet of the exhaust stack is lower than 50mg/m3. All the dust emitting density and rate at the emitting outlet
comply with the 2nd class standard requirement in the 2nd period of the Air Pollutant Emission limits Value
(DB44/27-2001).
Transit and transportation places and galleries of coke shall adopt enclosed design.
(2) Wastewater treatment measures
The production wastewater of this project is mainly the discharging water of water seal on the coke dry quenching
oven, of which discharging volume is 1m3/d; the discharging volume of circling system and slowdown of boilers
condensation water is 960 m3/d.
In order to prevent and control pollution, the following measures are mainly adopted in the design:
Purified production wastewater is sent to the purified drainage system of whole plant.
Water seal of the coke dry quenching oven discharges water is collected by the new-constructed phenol-cyanogen
wastewater treatment system, the supporting system of 6m coke oven. It can be up to the standard after treatment
and can be used as makeup water for blast furnace slag system.
The phenol-cyanogen wastewater treatment station has a capacity of 2000m3/d, and the wastewater produced by #4
and #5 coke ovens totals 720 m3/d. therefore; the wastewater treatment station has adequate capacity to deal with
water seal water discharge of the dry quenching oven. The A2/O biological denitrification process flow is adopted
in the wastewater treatment facility, which is outlined as following:
After passing through a series of preconditioning process of mix, degreasing, and dilution, wastewater is sent into
the biological treatment system for further removing pollutants of the volatile phenol, cyanide, COD, ammonia
nitrogen, and petroleum contained in the wastewater. For the influent and effluent water quality of wastewater
treatment station, see Table 2.3-8.
Table 2.3-8 In/out water quality index for the phenol/cyanide sewage water treatment station (unit: mg/l,
except pH)
Volatile Ammonia suspended
Items CODcr Cyanide Petroleum pH
Phenol Nitrogen particulate
Influent water
<3,500 <700 <20 <150 <50 <100 7~8
quality
Effluent water
≤90 ≤0.3 ≤0.3 ≤10 ≤5.0 ≤60 6.5~7.5
quality
(3) Treatment measures for solid waste
The main solid waste produced in this project is coke dust recovered by the dust removal filter of the coke dry
quenching system.
The treatment measures adopted are as follows:
The coke dust collected by the dust removal filter of the coke dry quenching system will be transported with
material tankers to coal preparing workshop to mix into coking coal after being wetted, or to sintering workshop as
needed.
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
(4) Noise treatment facilities
The main noise sources of this Project include: the dedusting fan, the coke discharging device of coke dry
quenching furnace, the relief valve of coke dry quenching boiler, circulating fan and circulating air outlet,
turbogenerator, various pumps and so on. The noise controlling adopted in this project is mainly a combination of
methods of controlling noise sources and cutting off noise transmission ways, in order to control noise impact on
neighbors of plant boundary. Now the controlling measures are described below:
For equipment type selection, various types of ventilators and pumps shall be selected low-noise products as much
as possible.
Individual foundations or vibration damping measures are established for the dust removal ventilators and pumps,
and flexible connection modes are adopted among strong vibration equipment and pipelines to prevent the noise
producing from vibration spreading outward.
Coke releasing facilities, circulating ventilators and cycling gas pipelines are adopted noise isolation measures.
The silencer devices are established accordingly on outlets of dust removal ventilators, emitting outlets of steam
safety valve of coke dry quenching boilers.
The main bodies of steam turbines and generator exciters are equipped muffler enclosures, and muffler are arranged
on anti-corrosion inspection tube of the steam turbine.
The rational deployment is conducted utilizing factors of terrain, plant house, and direction of noise sources as well
as noise absorbing function of afforesting plants when the general layout is carried out; the role of comprehensive
treatment is fully taken account to management to reduce noise pollution.
After the measures above are applied, the day and night noise values of factory boundary are predicted to be able to
comply with the standard values class III of Standard for Noise at Boundary of Industrial Enterprises
(GB12348-90).
(5) Afforesting design
The afforesting land rate of this project is 15 %, and afforesting investment is RMB 280,000 Yuan.
(6) Investment on Environmental Protection
This project is one of environmental protection and energy conservation endeavor, the total investment of which is
RMB 155,700,000Yuan , 8% of which is directly allocated for environmental protection, equal to RMB 12,46 0,000
Yuan.
2.4 General layout and reasonable analysis
2.4.1 General layout
The overall layout of the project comprises one new 90t/h dry quenching device and its auxiliary facilities. The
facilities newly constructed includes the dry quenching chamber, coke dry quenching boiler, ground dust removal
station of the coke dry quenching, deoxygenation water pump station, steam turbine room, transfer station, belt
conveyor gallery and so on.
For the general plane layout of this project, see Figure 2.4-1
The dry quenching oven-boiler system is set beyond the No.2 coke oven, i.e. occupying the position reserved for
the coke oven overhaul. The wagon puller platform and the dedusting system shall be arranged from inside out and
the turbine chamber and the cooling tower arranged on both sides of No. 2 coke oven chimney.
The advantage of this scheme is that the layout of coke dry quenching equipment connects compactly with the coke
oven. The general layout is reasonably deployed.
2.4.2 Health protection zone
(1) The calculation formula for health protection zone
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Health Protection Zone Standard for Coking Plants (GB11661－89): “It may be referred to implement by existing
coke-oven plants. The health protection zone of ironworks located in complex terrain conditions shall be
determined by administrative department of construction organ and administrative departments of health and
environmental protection of the autonomous region, municipality and province where the construction project lies,
according to evaluation report of atmospheric environmental." The health protection zone of the Coking Plant in
Shaoguan region has not been determined by relevant organs.
According to requirement of the Technical methods for making local emission standards of air pollutants
(GB/T13201-91), all those harmful gas emissions not through exhaust stacks or through exhaust stacks with
height below 15m are fugitive emissions. When the harmful gas of fugitive emission enters into the breathing zone
in atmosphere, if its concentration exceeds allowable concentration limit value for residential area provided by
requirements of GB3095 and TJ36, the production zone between the production units (production areas, workshops
or sections) where the fugitive emission sources lie and the residential areas shall be established.
The calculation formulas for health protection zone are:
( )
1
Qc 1
= BLc + 0.25r 2 2 ⋅ LD
Cm A
Where
Cm - Standard concentration primary limit value (mg/m3);
L - Protective distance for industrial enterprises (m);
Qc - Achievable control level of fugitive emission of harmful gas (kg/h);
r - The equivalent radius of production unit where the fugitive emission source of harmful gases lies (m), calculated
according to the area S (m2) occupied by production unit;
A, B, C, D - calculating coefficients of the health protection zone, dimensionless, may be looked up in
GB/T13201-91 Table 5, according to the average wind speed of recent five years in the region where industrial
enterprises lie and atmospheric pollution category of industrial enterprises. Table 2.4-1 calculating coefficients of
the health protection zone (GB/T13201-91).
Table 2.4-1 Calculating coefficients of the health protection zone (GB/T13201-91).
Calculated factor Average wind speed of Health protection distance(m)
recent five years where L≤1000 1000<L≤2000 L>2000
the enterprise region Atmospheric pollution category of industrial enterprises
located II III II III II III
A <2 400 400 400 400 400 400 80 80 80
2~4 700 470 350 700 470 350 380 250 190
>2 530 350 260 530 350 260 290 190 140
B <2 0.01 0.015 0.015
>2 0.021 0.036 0.036
C <2 1.85 1.79 1.79
>2 1.85 1.77 1.77
D <2 0.78 0.78 0.57
>2 0.84 0.84 0.76
(2) Calculation results
According GB/T13201-91, when a number of harmful gases are emitted fugitively by an industrial enterprise
simultaneously, its health protection distance required shall be calculated according to the max value in Qc/Cm.For
the dust fugitive emission of this project, the health protection distance of this project is calculated according to the
fugitive emission of coke dry quenching 14t/a, fugitive emission of 4.3m coke oven main body 20.3t/a,
hydrocarbon fugitive emission of 4.3m coke oven 36.2t/a.,see Table 2.4-2.
Table 2.4-2 the health protection distance calculation status of this project
Powder hydrocarbon fugitive emission
Discharging Amount kg/h 3.96 4.18
Fugitive emission area(m2) 2800 4000
3
Concentration limit value(mg/m ) 1.0 3.5
A 400 400
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
B 0.01 0.01
C 1.85 1.85
D 0.78 0.78
Calculated value of the health protection distance 241 64.3
Values taken from calculation of the health protection distance 300 100
The health protection distance for 4.3m coking project is 300m, which is calculated in accordance with
GB/T13201-91.The project is located within SGIS plant, without any sensitive point within the range of 800m
around, which meets this requirement.
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
3 Engineering Analysis
3.1 Raw Material Conditions and Products
(1) Raw Materials
The red-heat coke is the main raw material for Coke Dry Quenching (CDQ) devices. The raw material processed by
the CDQ devices is the red-heat coke produced by the newly-built JN60 Model Compound 2×55 Holes Coke Oven,
with total yielding amount as 0.7Million t/a and temperature as 1,000 .
(2) Heat Media
The project has six kinds of heat medium， steam, desalinated water, compressed air for production, compressed
purified air for instruments, compressed purified air for dusting, and nitrogen gas.
Consumption of various thermal mediums sees Table 2.3-7.
(3) Output and Quality Index of the Major Products
Table 3.1-1 Output and Quality Index of the Major Products
Product Name Output Remarks
3.82MPa (450 )
45t/h Of which, External Supply: 0.981 MPa(305 )
Steam
(367,200t/a) 20t/h
163,200t/a
3
Electricity generating 60,286×10 kWh Entering into the Internal Electric Network of SGIS
Coke after Dry Quenching M40 of the Coke is improved for 3%~8% and its M10
700 thousand t/a
Process improved for 0.3%~0.8%.
3.2 Water Balance
(1) Water usage in the technical innovation project
The supplying and draining facilities of this project includes mainly: water supplying system for production and fire,
circling water system, water supplying and draining systems for life.
The new water consumption for production of this project is 59m3/h(making up to circling water system
1415m3/h, making up to the coke dry quenching oven 1m3/h), desalting water is 48m3/h, and water for life is
8m3/h.
The utilization rate of circling water: 98.3％
Production wastewater: water seal on the coke dry quenching oven discharges water with an amount of about 1m3/d,
and flows to the existing phenol-cyanogen wastewater treatment system. It can be up to the standard after treatment
and can be used as makeup water for blast furnace slag system.
As for the Discharged Sewage of Recycling Cooling Water for CDQ Devices, the Discharged Sewage of Cooling
Water for Generators, Air Coolers, Oil Coolers and various Pumps, the Discharged Sewage of Steam-condensed
Water and Recycling Water for Waste-heat Boilers, there are not any hazardous substances contained in them. With
the comparatively high water temperature, the above-mentioned water contains few pollutants. With the yielding
amount as 20m3/d, those wastewater goes into the Purified-water Reuse System of SGIS as the Purified Water
Drainage.
The Domestic wastewater is included into the current Domestic wastewater System of the Coking Plant.
See Table 3.2-1 for the Water Consumption of this CDQ Project.
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Table 3.2-1 Water Consumption of the CDQ Project (m3/d)
Make-up Water Amount Discharged Remarks
Water Amount
Make-up Fresh Make-up Water for the 1,415 /
Water Amount Recycling Water
Water-sealing Water of 1 1
CDQ Oven
Domestic water 8 7.2
Make-up Amount of Provided by SGIS 1,152 480 Pollutant-discharging &
Desalination Water Desalination Water System Purifying Sewer System
of Boilers
Recycling Water / 82,080 480 Pollutant-discharging &
Amount Purifying Sewer System
of Cooling Tower
The Make-up Fresh Water Amount is 1,424m3/d, the Wastewater Yielding Amount reaches968.1 m3/d and the
Wastewater Discharging Amount is 0 m3/d.
(2) Diagram of water balance
1,415
1 Recycling Cooling Water for
CDQ Devices
1,416 25,080
Recycling Cooling Water for 25,080
CDQ Devices
Supplementary quantity 20,000 20,000 82,080
Cooling water of the air-cooler
for the fresh water Cooling towers
and oil cooler of the generator
82,080 15,000 15,000
Cooling water of all
kinds of pumps Discharge
22,000 22,000 480
Cooling water of
Evaporation
boilers 935
Circulating system
discharging 480
Loss 672
1,152 Pollutant-discharging
Desalination Water used in of Boilers 480 SGIS clean sewage system
Water boilers
New water consumption for
production: 1416m3/d
Figure 3.2-2 Diagram of water balance of the project (m3/d) Cycling water volume: 82,080 m3/d
Water recycling rate: 98.3%
3.3 Technical Process and Pollution-producing Sections Analysis of CDQ Project
3.3.1 Overall Technical Process
The major techniques of the CDQ Project can be divided as CDQ System and CDQ Thermodynamic System. See
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Figure 3.3-1 for the Overall Pollution-producing Sections.
Figure 3.3-1 Overall Technical Process and Pollution-producing Sections Diagram of the Project
3.3.2 Technical Process, Pollution-producing and Treatment Measures of CDQ System
the description of the production technique is as the following:
The coke tank cars filled with red cokes are hoisted to the bottom of hoisting shaft framework by an electric
locomotive. The Coke Tank is lifted by the lifter to the top part of the CDQ Oven and the coke is loaded into the
CDQ Oven through the Loading Device with the Distributor. In the CDQ boiler, cokes and inert gases experience
heat exchange, in which the cokes are cooled to an average temperature of approx. 200 , unloaded onto the belt
conveyor through the coke discharge device and then transported to the coke processing system.
The circulation ventilator blows the inert gases of cooled cokes into the CDQ boilers from the gas supply device at
the bottom of the CDQ boiler, and makes those inert gases exchange heat with red-heat cokes in a countercurrent
flow. The temperature of the Heat Recycling Gas exhausted by CDQ Oven is between 880 and 960 . After being
de-dusted through the First-time DustCollector, the gas goes into the CDQ Boiler for the heat exchange and the gas
temperature drops to 160~180 . The Cooled Recycling Gas exhausted from the boiler shall go into the CDQ Oven
for the recycling use after through such treatment processes as being de-dusted by the Second-time Dust Collector,
being pressed by the Recycling Wind Machine and being cooled by the Heat Exchanger with Heat Pipes to 130 .
The Coke Powders separated by the First-time Dust Collector and Second-time Dust Collector are collected in the
Storage Trenches by the special conveying equipments for being transported outside.
The smoke dusts produced at such sections as Coke-loading, Coke-discharging, Pre-store Oven Bleeding, and
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Bleeding after the Fan of the CDQ Devices all go into the CDQ Ground Dust Removal System for the bleeding
after being de-dusted.
The above mentioned First-time Dust Collector for the Recycling Gas adopts the Gravitation Settler De-dusting
Devices, being used for removing the coarse-grained coke powder contained in the recycling gas. The Special
Multi-clone Separating Dust Collector suitable for CDQ Technique is adopted as the Second-time De-duster for
further separating the fine-grained coke powder in the Recycling Gas. Then the dusts contained in the gas going
into the Recycling Fan shall be no more than 1g/m3 and the more than 95% of the dusts contained in the gas shall
be with the size below than 0.25mm to reduce the abrasion of the dusts to the blades of the Fan for prolonging the
service life of the machine.
Pollution-producing links:
Most of the Discharged Pollutants in the Coke Quenching Section are Dusts: The dusts are mainly from the
Loading Devices at the top part of the CDQ Trench (when loading the cokes), in the transportation of Red Cokes,
the CDQ Trenches Coke Discharging Devices (in the continuously Coke-discharging), the Materials Unloading
Points and Transferring Points of the Belt Conveyors, the Outlets of the Bleeding Pipes (in the gas emission),
Pressure Relief Points for the Recycling Gas Pipes (Pressure Relief in the Emergencies), De-dusting &
Humidifying Loading Points (in the loading) and so on.
Treatment Measures:
The Treatment Measures to be adopted aiming to the above-mentioned Waste Gas Resources are the following:
In the transportation of Red Cokes: Lids are covered for the Coke Tanks from the Lifting Tower to the Coke
Loading Mouth.
The mode of Electro-magnetic Vibrating Feeder combining with the Rotary Sealing Valves shall be adopted for the
Coke-discharging devices. The sealing covers shall be established for the Belt Conveyors, and the Dust-suction
Points shall also be installed at the Coke Discharging Outlets and Materials-receiving Points of Belt Conveyors for
leading the smoke into the Ground Dust Removal Station for the final emission for the smoke after being de-dusted
and purified.
c. The exhausted gas from the CDQ Trench Bleeding Pipes and the normal Recycling Gas Bleeding Pipes shall be
introduced into the Dust Removing System through the blast-caps connected with the de-dusting pipes for the
emission after being de-dusted. The System Emergency Bleeding Pipes and the Recycling Gas Pressure Relief
Points are used for the emergency case: the produced gas here is exhausted into the air directly.
d. A set of comprehensive Dust Removing System shall be established for CDQ, Coke Screen Building and
Transfer Station, being composed by the de-dusters with the de-dusting wind volumes as200,000m3/h and
125,000m3/h.
The de-dusting devices of the Dust Removing System shall all be adopted the Off-line Pulse Bag Filter De-dusters,
with the dust removing efficiency over 99.6%. The process of the de-dusting system is as the following:
Each de-dusting points of CDQ Oven, the Belt Conveyor Heads of Transfer Station, Tail De-dusting
Points-De-dusting Channels-Coarse-grains Separator--- Pulse Bag Filter De-dusters-De-dusting ventilator-being
exhausted into the air.
The dust concentration of the exhausted waste gas of the CDQ Dust Removing Station shall be no more than
30mg/m3. The wasted gas of the two sets of de-dusting devices shall be respectively exhausted into the air through
the chimney being 28m high, with the discharging concentration and rates complying with Level II Standard
as120mg/m3 of the 2nd section, regulated by the Emission limits for the Air Pollutants of Guangdong Province
(DB4427-2001) .
Besides that, the closed structure shall be adopted for the Coke Transfer Station and Corridor.
3.3.3 Technical Process, Pollution Producing and Treatment Measures of CDQ
Thermodynamic System
The CDQ Thermodynamic System is composed by such four parts as CDQ Boiler, Deoxidizing Water-supply Pump
Station, Turbine Power Generation Station and Regional ThermodynamicGallery.
The description of the production technique is as the following:
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
The desalination water provided by Desalination Water Station in SGIS goes into the CDQ Boilers after the
deoxidization in the De-oxidizing Water Pump Station self-built by the CDQ Project. The 104 de-oxidized water
supplied for the boilers shall firstly go into the Economizers to increase the water temperature to 240 through the
heat exchange and go into the CDQ Boiler Drums. And then after the Primary and Secondary Super Heaters, the
temperature of the steam shall be increased to the required value through the heat exchanges. The formed steam
shall be finally sent to the Turbine Power Generation Station by the External Supply Steam Pipes. See Figure 3.3-2
for the Technical Process and Pollution Producing Details.
Desalination water station in SGIS
Desalination water
Deoxidiz The coke dry Steam The turbine power Generate
Deoxidizing ing, quenching boiler power for self
deoxidizi (45t/h) station=12,000kW
use
ng water
Steam condensate water yielding amount 480m3/d
The discharging of boilers and turbine
circling water: total of cooling tower
and system of coke dry quenching is
480m3/d
Figure 3.3-2 Technical Process, Pollution producing link of CDQ Thermodynamic System
Pollution-producing links:
Most of the Discharged Pollutants in the CDQ Thermodynamic Section being Purified Production Water:
composed by the Drained Condensation Water from the boilers and the Cooling Tower Pollutants Discharging, with
the total amount as 960m3/d.
Treatment Measures:
The Purified Production Wastewater is the Recycling Cooling Water Discharges of the CDQ Devices, the Cooling
Water Discharges of Generators, Air Coolers, Oil Coolers and various Pumps, the Discharged Steam-condensed
Water and Recycling Water of Waste-heat Boilers. Such discharged water contains little pollutants, with
comparatively high water temperature. Those wastewater shall be introduced into the Purification Sewer
System of the whole plant for being reused by such sections having lower requirement to the water quality,
such as BF Slag Washing, Field Washing, Material Fields Wetting, Virescence and so on.
3.3.4 Technical Process, Pollution Producing and Treatment Measures of Coke
Transportation System
The description of the production technique is as the following:
The CDQ Coke Transportation System shall transport the coke processed by the CDQ Treatment to the current
Stored Coke Screen System, being composed by Belt Conveyor and the corresponding Transfer Stations. The cokes
in the CDQ Trenches after the Dried Quenching shall be transported to Transfer Station by the Belt Conveyors
through which the cokes shall be transported to the Stored Coke Screen System of the Coke Oven for the screening
and storage.
Pollution-producing links:
Most of the Discharge Pollutants in the Coke Transportation Section are the dusts, being from the CDQ Oven Coke
Outlets, each Transfer Stations and in the Coke Transportation Process.
Treatment Measures:
The Dust Catching Devices shall be established at each Dust Producing Point. The dust collected in the Dust
Transportation shall be sent to the CDQ Ground Dust Removing Station (being shared with CDQ System). The
Large-scaled Pulse Bag-filter De-dusters with the de-dusting efficiency over 99.6% shall be established. After the
purification, the dust shall be discharged by the Exhaust Gas Chimney. The dust condensation at the Outlet of the
Exhaust Gas Chimney shall be no more than 50mg/m3. The exhausting concentration and rates at the Chimney
Outlets shall comply with Level II Standard of the 2nd section, regulated by the Emission limits for the Air
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Pollutants of Guangdong Province (DB4427-2001). Transit and transportation places and galleries of coke shall
adopt enclosed design.
3.4 Environmental Impact Identification in the Operational Period
The major environmental impacting factors in the operational period mainly include the following:
(1) Atmospheric environment Impacting Factors: Dusts are the major pollutants produced in the DCQ Producing
Process, being mainly exhausted by the Ground Dust Removing Devices, having certain effect upon the ambient air.
Moreover, large amounts of dusts will be discharged at the Emergency Pressure Relief of the Recycling Air Pipes
Pressure Relief Points and when the Emergency occurs for the Dust Collecting Pipes.
(2) Water Environment Impacting Factors:
The Recycling Water-supply System is adopted by the Project and no Production Wastewater shall be discharged
outside. The Domestic Sewage produced by the working personnel shall be discharge into the Factory Water
Discharge Networks after being treated by the SIGS Septic Tanks.
(3) The impacts of the mechanical noise produced by each operation & transported machines, and the
transportation noise on the people living nearby.
(4) Solid Wastes: referring to the Coke Dusts produced by the de-dusters. They shall be used as Sintering Raw
Materials after being wetted or being reused in the Coking Process according to the relative requirements.
3.5 Pollution Resource Intensity Analysis in the Operational Period of the CDQ Project
3.5.1 Air Pollution Sources
The organized discharges of the Air Pollutants of this CDQ Project are mainly from the two newly-built Ground
Dust Removing Stations. Seeing Table 3.5-1 for the Waste Air Pollutants Discharging Situations of the CDQ Project
gained from the Feasibility Research Reports and the comparison with the similar projects (90t/h CDQ Project of
Beitai Iron and Steel Group Company).
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Table 3.5-1 Organized Pollution Resources Discharging Situation of this technical innovation project
Pollution Pollutants Control Smoke Producing Treatment Discharge Discharging Standard Height of Air
Resources measures Flow m3/h Concentration Efficiency % Concentration Amount kg/h mg/ m 3 Exhaust
mg/m3 Chimney
kg/h
G1 CDQ and Powder Pulse Bag-filter 200,000 1,200 99.6 ＜30 6 120/16.2 28
Screen Dust Removing
Coke,
Transfer
Station and
Dust
Removing
Stations
G2 CDQ Dust Powder 125,000 1,200 99.6 ＜30 3.75 120/16.2 28
Removing
Station
of
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry 46 Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China 46
Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
According to Table 3.5-1, the exhausting condensation and rates of the waste gas exhausts of the Newly-built
Ground Dust Removing Devices of the CDQ Project both comply with Level II Standard of the 2nd section,
regulated by the Emission limits for the Air Pollutants of Guangdong Province (DB44/27-2001).
See from the CDQ Process of the similar projects, the unorganized discharges for each ton coke are 0.02kg. And
then the unorganized discharged dusts are 14t/a, the organized discharged dusts are 79.56t/a, thus the discharged
dusts amount reaches 93.56 t/a.
Original pollutant discharge situation of coke wet quenching section see table 2.2-5, the dust discharge
concentration of coke wet quenching＜80mg/m3, the discharge quantity of existing coke quenching tower and coke
screening and storing process is 18.2kg/h.Smoke dust concentrations of coke dry quenching process emitted from
CDQ and Screen Coke, Transfer Station and Dust Removing Stations are all less than 30mg/m3, discharging amount
of the dusts is 9.75kg/h. The coke dry quenching has enhanced dust collecting efficiency; meanwhile, dust removal
efficiency has also been significantly improved.
In the waste gas generated in original coke wet quenching, besides the main pollutant dust, there are a large amount
of phenol, cyanide, sulfide and a little characteristic pollutant such as Benzene series, non-methane content, etc.
The red heat coke contacts with the inert gas can generate only physical change, therefore, the gases above will not
be produced in the process of dry coke quenching, and the gases contained in coke are only produced during coking
process.
As can be known from the above, compared with the coke wet quenching, the coke dry quenching can considerably
reduce the pollutant discharge. It is a clean production project and necessary for the development of enterprises.
3.5.2 Water Pollution Resources
Production Wastewater
The new water consumption for production of this project is 59m3/h(making up to circling water system 1415m3/d,
making up to the coke dry quenching oven 1m3/d), desalting water is 48m3/h, and water for life is 8m3/d.
Production wastewater: water seal on the coke dry quenching oven discharges water with an amount of about 1m3/d,
and flows to the existing phenol-cyanogen wastewater treatment system. It can be up to the standard after treatment
and can be used as makeup water for blast furnace slag system.
As for the Discharged Sewage of Recycling Cooling Water for CDQ Devices, the Discharged Sewage of Cooling
Water for Generators, Air Coolers, Oil Coolers and various Pumps, the Discharged Sewage of Steam-condensed
Water and Recycling Water for Waste-heat Boilers, there are not any hazardous substances contained in them. With
the comparatively high water temperature, the above-mentioned water contains few pollutants. With the yielding
amount as 960m3/d, those wastewater goes into the Purified-water Reuse System of SGIS as the Purified Water
Drainage.
The Domestic wastewater is included into the current Domestic wastewater System of the Coking Plant.
Initial Rainfall
The Initial Rainfall is calculated as 10％ of the annual precipitation. The calculating formula of Initial Rainfall:
Initial Rainfall Discharges = the Average Precipitation in the Project Locations × Infiltration Coefficient ×
Rainwater Accumulation Area ×10％
Wherein, flow parameter is 0.6; average rainfall is 1,638mm; rainwater collecting area is 10117.5m2; days
collecting rainwater per year is 151 days. Then the rainwater discharged is 960m3 at the primary stage of the project
operation.
Its pollutants are mainly petroleum, CODCr and SS.
The Initial Ground Rainwater shall be unifiedly discharged to the Factory Sewage Treatment Field after being
collected and they shall be discharged only when reaching the discharging standards. According to the designed
plan of the Comprehensive Sewage Treatment Plants with the capacity of 9×104m3/d in SGIS, the Initial Rainwater
Collecting Ponds shall be established during the construction period of the Sewage Treatment Plant.
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Domestic wastewater
The domestic wastewater, calculated as 90% of the water used, is 7.2m3/day. The major pollutants in the water are
COD, BOD5 and SS. According to analogy with other wastewater, the concentrations of COD and BOD5 of the
water are 250mg/l and 150mg/l respectively.
Through the above analysis it can be summarized that the Yielding Amount of the Production Wastewater under the
normal production conditions is 1m3/d. The external-discharged wastewater is mainly the cooling water of the
purified recycling water, with little change on the water quality, being reused in the washing water for blast furnace
and turbid circulating water in the smelting plant which has low requirement on water quality.
3.5.3 Solid Waste
The Solid Wastes produced by the project are mainly the Coke Dusts collected by the De-dusters, with total amount
as 3,262.8t/a or so. The Coke Dusts shall be transported by the Tank-cars after being wetted to the Coal Preparation
Workshop for being mixed into the Coking Coals or to the Sintering Workshop as the Raw Materials.
3.5.4 Noise
Noise from the CDQ project mainly includes the mechanical noise and aerodynamic noise. Main noise sources
include: cycling circuit, dedusting fan, pumps and exhaust equipments of safety valve of the boiler dispersing pipes.
Under general situations, the source strength of noise is lower than 85dB (A) prior to taking noise control measures.
Table 3.5-2 Noise Source Intensity and the Controlling Measures of the CDQ Project
Noise amount
Source Intensity
No. Noise Sources Controlling Measures lowered
dB(A)
dB(A)
Boilers Security Valves
1 114 Mufflers 30
Discharging Devices
Mufflers, Damping Materials,
2 Steam Turbines 90 30
Sound-isolation
Mufflers, Damping Materials,
3 Power generator 90 30
Sound-isolation
4 Each De-dusting Ventilators 92 Mufflers, Sound-isolation 30
5 Air compressor 91 Mufflers 30
6 Water pump 90 Damping, Sound-isolation 25
7 Shielding Cooling Tower 85 Urban, Semi-sealing 25
3.5.5 Statistics and Analysis of Abnormal Discharging Source Intensity
The Checking & Repairing of CDQ Oven, De-dusting Efficiency Reduction of the De-dusters, Emergency Pressure
Relief of Recycling Gas Pipeline Pressure Relief Points.
under the normal conditions, the CDQ Oven shall be checked once three months. In the checking, the Coke Wet
Quenching shall be conducted by the prepared Coke Wet Quenching Tower: see Table 2.2-5 for its discharged
pollutants. The discharged dusts of such operation is increased, comparing with that of the CDQ, but the discharges
still conform to Level II Standard of the 2nd section, regulated by the Emission limits for the Air Pollutants of
Guangdong Province(DB4427-2001) .
there is a spare de-dusting system for the Project. When the dust concentration is found to be higher than the
relative standards by the On-line Supervision System, the spare de-dusting machine set shall be launched
automatically. That’s why it is hard for the de-duster accidents to be occurred.
This assessment defines that it is the Abnormal Discharging Source when the de-dusting efficiency of the Cast
House with the largest De-dusting Capacity reduces to 50%, see Table 3.5-3 for details.
Table 3.5-3 Abnormal Discharge of the CDQ De-dusting System
Producing Discharging
Smoke De-dusting Discharging
No. Pollution Control Concentrat Concentrati
Pollutants Flowing Efficiency Efficiency
Resources measures ion on
m3/h 3 3 % kg/h
g/m mg/Nm
G4 CDQ Dedusting Long-bag
Powder 200,000 1.2 600 50 120
System Pulse
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
De-dusters
Calculating as there are three-times abnormal discharging one year, twenty minutes each time, the annual abnormal
discharging amount of the dusts is 120kg.
Table 3.5-4 Distribution of dust grain size under abnormal emission
Particle Size Range 0~10μm 10~40μm 40~70μm >70μm
Proportions 10% 20% 30% 40%
Emergency Pressure Relief of Recycling Gas Pipeline
If the pressure within the Recycling Gas Pipes is unstable, being caused by the uneven distribution of the Coke
Powders or the inadequate inert gas supplies in the Recycling Gas, the pressure of the pipe must be released. During
such process, the inert gas for cooling Red Coke shall be directly discharged by the Gas Exhausting Pipes at the top
end of the Pressure Relief Points, not being treated. The assessment defines the duration time of such working
condition is fifteen minutes. And then see the below Table 3.5-5 for the Source Intensity of such cases.
Table 3.5-5 Abnormal Discharging when the Recycling Inert Gas being Unstable
Gas Smoke Producing Discharging Duration
Pollution Resources Pollutants Exhausting Flowing Concentration Efficiency Time
Pipes m m3/h g/m3 kg/h Min
Instable Pressures for
the Recycling Gas Dust, N2 20 125,000 1~2 250 15
Pipes
Note: The height of the Gas Exhausting Pipes is the height of the Bleeding Outlets of the Pressure Relief Points.
3.5.6 Three records before and after the coke dry quenching technical innovation
This dry quenching system replaces original coke wet quenching system, which reduces energy dissipation greatly,
reduces pollutant discharge and water consumption. In view of pollutants discharge situation of coke quenching
section there are “three records” see table 3.5-6.
Table 3.5-6 The “three records” of pollutants discharge situation of coke quenching section
Pollutant Pollutant producing After the implementation of the
producing situation situation of coke dry technical innovation project the pollution
of coke wet quenching discharge increased/reduced Quantity
quenching
Powder 148.5 79.6 -68.94
It can be see in Table 3.5-6, the discharge quantity of dust decreased by 68.94t/a.
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4 General Environment in the Project Surrounding Area
4.1 Natural Environment
4.1.1 Geographical Location
SGIS is located at 2~3km east of Maba Town, Qujiang County of Guangdong Province, and 14km away from
Shaoguan City. Geographic coordinates for the site is longitude 113º19' east and latitude 24º43' north. The plant
area is bordered by Yanshan Mountain to the south, Lianhua Mountain to the north, Maba Town of Qujiang County
to the west, and Mashanding to the east. The site is located in a valley plain with the trend of “northeast to
southwest” in the tributary ditch of Meihua River.
4.1.2 Topography
The previous topography of the plant area is generally higher in south and lower in north, with a height mark of
approximate 70m. Height mark of the valley plain is in the scope of 90~110m, with 200m higher than that of
Mashanding, 150m higher than that of the Yanshan Mountain and 120m higher than that of the Lianhua Mountain.
The surrounding topography of the valley plain is complicated, with Guanshan Mountain to 10km of its east, a
volcano to 10km of its north and the alpine group to 10km of its southwest. The plant area is neighbored with
Hengguang railway line and Maba station to the southwest, and could be reached by the private railway line for
enterprises. The factory area is elongated, long in east-west and narrow in south-north, with an occupied area of
7.8km2.
4.1.3 Geology
Geological structure of the plant area is extremely complicated. The surface soil consists of Quaternary loess,
brown mild clay, mild sand clay and gravel with sand inclusion. The lower layers are mainly lime system, permian
limestone, large karst (Karst) and developing fault.
4.1.4 Hydrology
The sewage outlet of the project is located at middle and lower reaches of Meihua River, which flows to Baitu
River section of middle reaches of Beijiang in Qujiang county after convergence with Maba River 7km away west.
The average flow rate of Meihua River is about 3m3/s.
As the second largest water system of Pearl River Basin, North River has a catchment area of 46,710km2,
accounting for 10.3% of that of the Pearl River Basin. 92% of the basin area is located in Guangdong Province.
Main River of the North River starts from the fountainhead and ends in Sixianjiao and flows into the West River,
with a whole length of 468km and an average falling slope of 0.26%. North River starts from south of the
fountainhead and ends in Shazhouwei in Shaoguan City and is combined with the Wujiang River.The upstream
segment of North River is named as Zhenjiang River, which starts from the fountainhead and ends in Shazhouwei,
with a whole length of 212km and an average falling slope of 0.59‰.After flowing into the Wujiang River, the
North River is turned to south and combined with South Water at Mengzhou Dam, then flows to south and
combined with Wengjiang River in Yingde County.
The average flow of North River Basin (Sixianjiao) in over years is 1,620m3/s, average flow in high water period is
2,520m3/s and average flow in low water period is 714m3/s. Average flow of the Baitu River section (with the
catchment area of 16,750km2) nearby the project area in over years is 467m3/s, average flow in high water period is
697m3/s and average flow in low water period is 236m3/s. The average flow in 95% of the low water years is
210m3/s and the average flow in the driest period (in January) in over years is 170m3/s. The average flow in the
driest month of 95% of low water years is 97m3/s and the monthly flow in 95% of the driest month is 77m3/s.
Xiaokeng Reservoir is located at 42km northeast of the plant area, which is a multi-functional reservoir for water
supply in agricultural irrigation, aquiculture and poultry and power generation industry. Collecting area of the
reservoir is 139km2, the designed standard water level is as (with a relevant reservoir capacity of 53,350,000m3),
and the designed flood level is 227m (with a relevant reservoir capacity of 6,092m3).
4.1.5 Climate
The site is located in area of subtropical monsoon climate, and the cold and warm air mass from the north and south
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usually gather here as a result of the influence caused by the Nanling Mountain Range, thus the climate
characteristics are as follows: continued rain in spring, ample rainfall in summer, fresh air and warm in autumn
while cold and dry in winter. The average temperature in over years is 20.1 . The average temperature in July in
summer is 28.9 with highest temperature of 42 . The average temperature in January is 9.5 with lowest
temperature of －4.3 . Frost seldom appears in winter (approximately 4 days in a year). The annual average
precipitation amount is 1638mm. Storm is intensive in a year with the rainy seasons from April to September,
accounting for over 80% of the annual precipitation amount. The annual average relative humidity is 74.5%. Hours
of sunshine are approximately 1,473~1,928 hours. North wind prevails in autumn and winter, south wind prevails in
spring and summer, and south wind is dominant in a year. Static wind is frequent. The annual average wind speed is
approximately 1.7m/s in over years in this area.
4.1.6 Vegetation and Soil
Vegetation in Shaoguan City has the characteristics of gathering from the north and south as a result of its
geographic location, geologic structure and climate conditions, belonging to subtropical evergreen broad-leaved
forest. The covered categories and ecological structures are mainly subtropical evergreen species, and some tropical
and subtropical species are also included. Plant resources in Shaoguan City are in diversity, and plants in this area
mainly include Fagaceae, camphors, The aceae and anil. The artificial cultivated fruit trees are peach, plum, pear,
citrus, chestnut trees, etc. Main categories of soil include granite, sand shale, and red earth and paddy soil
developed from the Quaternary red earth, as well as the terra rossa and acidic purple soil. Vegetation surrounding
the plant site mainly includes Chinese silvergrass, Chinese francolin, Baeckea frutescens community and artificial
cultivated rice, vegetables, cassava and peanut, etc. Soil is mainly sand shale red earth and Quaternary red earth,
and river sandy fields are distributed next to the riverside.
4.1.7 Aquatic Organism Resources & Fishery Resources
Based on the data provided by the aquatic department, aquatic organism has a large diversity in North River,
including 302 categories of phytoplankton, which belongs to seven phylums and 106 genus and are mainly
Chrysophytax, Chlorellin and Cyanophyta, and including 99 categories of zooplankton (mainly the protozoan), and
also including 73 genus and 85 categories of benthonic mollusks. Based on relevant data, there are 143 categories
of natural fish in North River, including 45 categories of primary economic fish. Dominant fish with the biggest
capture quantity include carp, mud carp, crucian carp, yellow alligator, Spinibarbus caldwelli, Varicorhinus, red-eye
trout, loach, eel and four major Chinese carps. Since 1960s, for large amount of industrial wastewater and pesticide
residues entering into North River, the water is polluted. And for random capture over years, the capture amount is
very low.
In addition, based on data from the aquatic department, there is no valued fish or fish that require special protection
in the assessed river section.
4.1.8 Natural landscape
There are a national autonomous county and a national autonomous town in Shaoguan City, as well as 4796 natural
villages in 99 towns. Many landscape of tourism resources with high taste and based on the national and provincial
evaluation, famous sites here include Danxia Mountain in the world physiognomy and Nanhua Buddhist Temple of
the southen. The Chebaling National Nature Reserve in Shixing County is the present habitat of south China tiger,
also the treasury of plant categories. Multiple wild life could be found in the NanLing National Park in Ruyuan.
The first cave in Ruyuan is Tongtianluo and the first mountain peak is Shikengqiang (1,902m) also located in
Ruyuan, which is the highest mountain peak in Guangdong Province. Tourist attractions include the Jinjiling and
Jiulong Shibatan in Pingshi of Lechang. The seven sites above mentioned are national level. There are eleven
provincial scenic spots, e.g. the ancient cultural relic’s site of Lion’s Crag, Yunmen Temple (the origin place of
Yunmenzong), Jinshiyan Nunnery, Meiguan Zhonggu Rock, Shaoguan Furong Scenic, Nanxiong Zhuji Lane and
Shaoguan Fengcai Building, etc. The water surface area of Nanshui Lake in Ruyuan is 55000mu, and the reservoir
capacity is 1.2 billion m3.In additions, there are hotspring sanitaria districts, including Qujiang Fengwan, Xiaokeng
and Lechang Longshan, etc. There are two relics’ sites in the assessed area, the Nanhua Temple and Shizi Rock.
4.2 Society and Economy
Shaoguan is the heavy industrial city of Guangdong Province, with strong industrial foundation, and adequate
development for its agriculture and the tertiary industry. In 1950s, 1960s and 1970s, Shaoguan had been under
construction as the heavy industrial base and strategic foundation for Guangdong Province. A large amount of major
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
industrial enterprises including Shaoguan Steel Plant, Shaoguan Smelting Plant, Shaoguan Digging Machine Plant,
Fankou Lead-zinc Mine, Dabao Mountain Mine and Quren Coal Mine, etc. were built here, helping Shaoguan
industry act as a foundation of the local economy. In 1970s, Shaoguan became the important industrial base of
Guangdong Province. Since 1980s, Shaoguan industry got a further development. There are over 21,000 industrial
enterprises in Shaoguan City. It has formed major industries consisting of the resource-Class Industries including the
excavation, nonferrous smelting, iron and steel industry, forgings and castings, and construction materials; a processing
industry with five major industries of mechanical manufacture, light industry, textile, petroleum and chemistry, and
electric power; the high and new technology industry with major industries of electronic information technology,
electromechanical integration, new materials and pharmaceutical industry. Wherein, annual production of steel in SGIS
Group has exceeded 5 million tons and SGIS Group has been one of the Top-100 steel and iron enterprises in the world.
Shaozhu Group is one of the biggest professional enterprises for forge piece manufacturing. In the equipment industry,
there are large-scale enterprises including Xinyu Company, engineering machine plants and Zhongli Company involved
in the manufacturing of large-sized construction machines, overhead working truck and large-scale water-turbine
generator set.
In recent years, the economy of Shaoguan City has developed rapidly, and the increment speed is higher than the
average speed of that in China. In 2006, the total regional output value is 39.383 billion RMB, with a growth of 12.4%,
and the growth rate is 2.5% higher than that of the last year. Wherein, the output value for the primary industry
increased with 6.304 billion RMB, with a growth of 3.4%; the output value for the secondary industry increased with
17.419 billion RMB, with a growth of 15.4%; and the output value for the tertiary industry increased with 15.660 billion
RMB, with a growth of 13.2%.Calculation based on the residential population shows that the average output value is
13460RMB/person, with a growth of 11.5%.The proportion of three industrial structures was adjusted to 16.0:44.2:39.8
from the 17.5:42.5:40.0 in 2005. The primary industry decreased by 1.5% and the secondary industry increased by
1.7%.
The total agricultural output in the year was 10.583 billion RMB, with a growth of 3.4%.Wherein, the planting industry
increased with 2.9%, the forestry increased with 7.8%, the livestock farming increased with 2.9%, and the fishery
industry increased with 4.7%.
The sowing area of grain in 2006 is 2.587 million mu, with a growth of 1.9%.The planting area of sugar-cane is 75,200
mu, with a growth of 24.4%; the planting area of oil is 65,200 mu, with a decrease of 1%; the planting area of tobacco is
270,200 mu, with a growth of 14%; and the planting area of vegetation is 1.494 million mu, with a growth of 1.5%.
The industrial growth value in 2006 was 15.522 billion RMB, with a growth of 15.7%, which had a direct contribution
rate of 47.5% to the economic growth in the year. Growth value for scaled industries is 13.628 billion RMB, with a
growth of 16.0%.Wherein, the growth value for the state owned and state controlled industries is 9.823 billion RMB,
with a growth of 14.1%; the growth value for foreign and Hongkong & Macao & Taiwan industries is 2.296 billion
RMB, with a growth of 16.4%; the growth value for joint stock industries is 7.8 billion RMB, with a growth of 25.2%,
and the growth value for the private industries is 1.69 billion RMB, with a growth of 18.0%.The growth value for light
industry in the year is 3.207 billion RMB, with a decrease of 1.2%, and the growth value for heavy industry is 10.421
billion RMB, with a growth of 22.5%. The growth value for county industries is 5.456 billion RMB, with a growth of
18.3%. Growth value for three major industries including tobacco, metallurgy and electric power is 9.86 billion RMB,
with a growth of 19.0%. Wherein, the tobacco industry increased with 11.0%, the metallurgy industry increased with
21.5% and the electric power industry increased with 22.2%.
There was one provincial-level priority engineering technology research and development center, six high & new
technology enterprises recognized by Guangdong Province and fifteen provincial-level private scientific and technical
enterprises in Shaoguan City by the end of 2006.In 2006, total 81 achievements were realized in scientific research, in
which 3 achievements obtained the award of Scientific & Technological Progress of Guangdong Province, and 66
achievements obtained award of Scientific & Technological Progress of Shaoguan City. Eight “Torch Plans” were
implemented in the year, including 5 national plans. Forty “Star-fire Plans” were implemented. There were 461 patents
and 225 patent authorizations in the city, with an increase of 52.1% and 97.4% respectively.
Population of the city by the end of the year was 3,203,200, with an increase amount of 16,600.Including 1,258,800
non-agricultural populations and 1,944,400 agricultural populations. The birth population of the year was 37,300, with a
birth rate of 11.67%. And the death population is 16,800, with a death rate of 5.27%.The residential population of the
city by the end of the year was 2,929,400, with an increase amount of 6,800.
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
5 Assessment of Existing Situation Environmental Quality
In 2006, monitoring and investigation of the existing situation environment of ambient air, water environment and
soils surrounding SGIS was carried out by our Institute for the environmental impact assessment of five technical
renovation projects of the iron-smelting plant of SGIS. And the gas tank project is located in thesame company with
the five technical renovation projects. So, the assessment mainly uses the existing situation monitoring data from
the EIA Report of five technical renovation projects of the iron-smelting plant of SGIS (March 2007). Existing
situation of the noise environment is monitored by the monitoring station of SGIS based on the project site
selection.
5.1 Existing Situation Survey and Assessment of the Ambient Air Quality
Existing situation of ambient air quality is based on the existing situation monitoring data from the EIA Report of
five technical renovation projects of the iron-smelting plant of SGIS (March 2007).
5.1.1 Monitoring point
Select typical villages and schools as monitoring sites according to functions of ambient air sensitive points within
the assessment area, seven monitoring sites are chosen: 1# factory site, 2# Shaogang No.1 Middle School, 3#
Meihuazhai Village, 4# Xinzhai village, 5# Maba Town, 6# Nanhua Temple and 7# Shanzibei.Name and location of
the monitoring locations are shown in Table 5.1-1.Monitoring locations are presented in Figure 5.1-1
Table 5.1-1 Monitoring locations for ambient air
Monitoring Distance from Atmospheric Function
Objective Location Object
point the project(m) Zone
1# Plant Site SE 600 Area of Class 3 Employee
Shaogang No. 1 Middle
2# WS 1900 Area of Class 2 Students
School
3# Meihuazhai Village NE 2600 Area of Class 2 Residents
4# XinZhai SE 3800 Area of Class 2 Residents
5# Maba Town SW 5900 Area of Class 2 Residents
6# Nanhua Temple S 7000 Area of Class 2 Tourists
7# Shanzibei N 900 Area of Class 2 Residents
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
Figure 5.1-1 Monitoring Locations for Ambient Air
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
5.1.2 Monitored items
Based on the discharge characteristics of air pollutants and the surrounding environmental characteristics, the air
monitoring parameters for this assessment include PM10, TSP, CO, SO2 and NO2.Observation on normal
meteorological factors including ground wind direction, wind speed, air temperature and air pressure is carried out
in the monitoring period.
5.1.3 Monitoring Time and Sampling Frequency
Monitoring and sampling of existing situation in consecutive 5 days from August 11, 2006 to August 15, 2006, in
which CO, SO2 and NO2 are sampled four times per day at Beijing time 7:00~8:00, 11:00~12: 00, 14:00~15: 00,
17:00~18:00, with each sampling lasting 60 min. Sampling for daily mean concentration should be at least 12 hours
in a day. Five days continuous monitoring is carried out for TSP and PM10, sampling with one time, and the
sampling time should be at least 12 hours in a day.
It’s sunny with gentle wind in the monitoring period, with the wind speed of approximately 0.2~1.2m/s.
5.1.4 Monitoring and analysis method
Sampling and analysis methods for air pollutants should be standard methods in accordance with the Monitoring
and Analysis Methods for Air and Exhaust Gas (1990) issued by the Ministry of Environmental Protection of the
People’s Republic of China. Relevant methods are listed in Table 5.1-3.
Table 5.1-2 Name of the sampler
No.
Name of the sampler Model
1 Portable aerovane FYF-1
2 Aneroid pressure meter DYM3
3 Air sampler TH-110B
4 Intelligent sampler for TSP with medium flow KC-120H
5 Impact cutter for PM10 with medium flow PM10-100
6 Constant temperature and flow air continuous sampler BX2400
Table 5.1-3 Monitoring and analysis methods for air pollutants
Minimum
Monitoring
Items Basis for the monitoring method limit of
instrument
identification
Absorbable AB204－N
GB/T16157-1996 0.001
particles electronic balance
Total
suspended AB204－N
Ambient GB/T16157-1996 0.001
particulate electronic balance
air (TSP)
(mg/m3) Sulfur 722 Grating
GB/T15262-1994 0.003
dioxide spectrophotometer
Nitrogen 722 Grating
GB/T15435-1995 0.005
dioxid spectrophotometer
Infrared carbon
CO GB9801-88 0.12
monoxide analyser
5.1.5 Existing Situation Assessment of Ambient Air Quality
5.1.5.1 Assessment Standards
In conclusion, in the assessment area, the 1# plant site complies with the Class III assessment standard of Ambient
Air Quality Standard (GB3095-96, revised in January 2000), and the other monitoring locations all comply with the
Class II assessment standard of Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-96, revised in January 2000).Detailed
information is presented in Table 1-3 and Table 1-4 in Chapter 1
5.1.5.2 Existing Situation Assessment of Ambient Air Quality
The monitoring results for hourly and daily mean concentration of NO2, SO2, CO, TSP and PM10 are summarized in
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Table 5.1-4.Monitoring results for each monitoring index are analyzed as below:
(1) Monitoring index for inhalable particles (PM10)
In the assessment area, the 1# plant site complies with the Class III assessment standard of Ambient Air Quality Standard
(GB3095-96, revised in January 2000), and the other monitoring locations all comply with the Class II assessment
standard of Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-96, revised in January 2000).The table shows that the daily mean
concentration of TSP is 0.025~0.087mg/m3.The maximum value is that of 6# Nanhua Temple in the monitoring period,
with a concentration value of 0.087mg/m3, accounting for 58% of the Class II standard value. Concentrations of PM10 at
all monitoring locations are lower than that of relevant standards regulated in the Ambient Air Quality Standard
(GB3095-1996).It turns out that the concentration of PM10 in the assessment area is lower.
(2) Monitoring index for total suspended particulate (TSP)
In the assessment area, the 1# plant site complies with the Class III assessment standard of Ambient Air Quality
Standard (GB3095-96, revised in January 2000), and the other monitoring locations all comply with the Class II
assessment standard of Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-96, revised in January 2000).The table shows that
the daily mean concentration of TSP is 0.057~0.150mg/m3. The maximum value is that of 6# Nanhua Temple in the
monitoring period, with a concentration value of 0.15mg/m3, accounting for 50% of the Class II standard value.
Concentrations of PM10 at all monitoring locations are lower than that of relevant standards regulated in the
Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-96, revised in January 2000). It turns out that the concentration of TSP in
the assessment area is lower.
(3) Monitoring index for carbon monoxide (CO)
In the assessment area, the 1# plant site complies with the Class III assessment standard of Ambient Air Quality
Standard (GB3095-96, revised in January 2000), and the other monitoring locations all comply with the Class II
assessment standard of Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-96, revised in January 2000).
Hourly mean concentration: variation range for hourly mean concentration of CO at each monitoring point in
assessment area is 0.5~6.5mg/m3, in which the concentration of 1# factory site, 6.5mg/m3, is the highest and 33% of
Level 3 standard value. Concentrations of PM10 at all monitoring locations are lower than that of relevant standards
regulated in the Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-96).
Daily mean concentration: variation range for daily mean concentration of CO at each monitoring point in
assessment area is 0.5~5.53 mg/m3, in which the concentration of 1# factory site, 5.53 mg/m3, is the highest and
92% of assessment standard.
(4) Monitoring index for sulfur dioxide (SO2)
In the assessment area, the 1# plant site complies with the Class III assessment standard of Ambient Air Quality
Standard (GB3095-96, revised in January 2000), and the other monitoring locations all comply with the Class II
assessment standard of Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-96, revised in January 2000).
Hourly mean concentration: variation range for hourly mean concentration of SO2 at each monitoring point in
assessment area is 0.017~0.078mg/m3, in which the concentration of 1# factory site, 0.078mg/m3, is the highest and
11％ of Level 2 assessment standard. Concentrations of PM10 at all monitoring locations are lower than that of
relevant standards regulated in the Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-96).
Daily mean concentration: variation range for daily mean concentration of SO2 at each monitoring point in assessment
area is 0.019~0.053mg/m3, in which the concentration of factory site, 0.053mg/m3, is the highest and 21％ of Level 2
assessment standard.
(5) Monitoring index for nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
In the assessment area, the 1# plant site complies with the Class III assessment standard of Ambient Air Quality
Standard (GB3095-96, revised in January 2000), and the other monitoring locations all comply with the Class II
assessment standard of Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-96, revised in January 2000).
Hourly mean concentration: variation range for hourly mean concentration of NO2 at each monitoring point in
assessment area is 0.019~0.052mg/m3, in which the concentration of 1# factory site, 0.052mg/m3, is the highest and
22％ of Level 2 assessment standard. Concentration of NO2 at all monitoring points is lower than relevant
assessment standard value within the assessment area.
Daily mean concentration: variation range for daily mean concentration of SO2 at each monitoring point in
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assessment area is 0.020~0.041g/m3, in which the concentration of factory site is the highest and 34％of assessment
standard.
Table 5.1-4 Monitoring results and assessment standard for current atmospheric environment
quality in assessment area (mg/m3)
Statistic items Average value in 1 hour Day average
Concentration Concentration
Pollutants Over-standard Over-standard
Monitoring point scope scope
3 rate (%) rate (%)
(mg/m ) (mg/m3)
1# plant site / / 0.070~0.083 0
2# Shaogang No.1
/ / 0.037~0.060 0
Middle School
Absorbable 3# Meihua Village / / 0.025~0.045 0
particles 4# Xin Village / / 0.077~0.080 0
5# Maba Town / / 0.072~0.081 0
6# Nanhua Temple / / 0.065~0.087 0
7# Shanzibei / / 0.032~0.050 0
Standard value for grade 3 (mg/m3) / / 0.15 ----
Standard value for grade 2 (mg/m3) / / 0.25 ----
1# plant site / / 0.122~0.135 0
2# Shaogang No.1
/ / 0.075~0.090 0
Middle School
3# Meihua Village / / 0.057~0.077 0
TSP:
4# Xin Village / / 0.122~0.130 0
5# Maba Town / / 0.117~0.132 0
6# Nanhua Temple / / 0.112~0.150 0
7# Shanzibei / / 0.070~0.085 0
Standard value for grade 3 (mg/m3) / / 0.3 ----
Standard value for grade 2 (mg/m3) / / 0.5 ----
1# plant site 4.5~6.5 0 5.19~5.53 0
2# Shaogang No.1
0.5~1 0 0.5~0.78 0
Middle School
3# Meihua Village 1.13~2 0 1.35~2 0
CO
4# Xin Village 0.5~1 0 0.5~0.78 0
5# Maba Town 1.13~2.25 0 1.57~1.82 0
6# Nanhua Temple 0.63~1.13 0 0.78~0.91 0
7# Shanzibei 1.25~2.88 0 1.72~2.38 0
Standard value for grade 3 (mg/m3) 10 / 4 ----
Standard value for grade 2 (mg/m3) 20 / 6 ----
1# plant site 0.02~0.078 0 0.025~0.053 0
2# Shaogang No.1
0.019~0.052 0 0.022~0.041 0
Middle School
3# Meihua Village 0.017~0.051 0 0.02~0.04 0
Sulfur dioxide 4# Xin Village 0.018~0.053 0 0.019~0.038 0
5# Maba Town 0.019~0.076 0 0.021~0.049 0
6# Nanhua Temple 0.018~0.055 0 0.022~0.041 0
7# Shanzibei 0.027~0.041 0 0.03~0.035 0
Standard value for grade 3 (mg/m3) 0.5 / 0.15 ----
Standard value for grade 2 (mg/m3) 0.7 / 0.25 ----
Nitrogen dioxid 1# plant site 0.024~0.051 0 0.025~0.041 0
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Statistic items Average value in 1 hour Day average
Concentration Concentration
Pollutants Over-standard Over-standard
Monitoring point scope scope
rate (%) rate (%)
(mg/m3) (mg/m3)
2# Shaogang No.1
0.020~0.039 0 0.020~0.037 0
Middle School
3# Meihua Village 0.021~0.035 0 0.021~0.037 0
4# Xin Village 0.019~0.033 0 0.021~0.032 0
5# Maba Town 0.021~0.037 0 0.023~0.034 0
6# Nanhua Temple 0.021~0.052 0 0.024~0.037 0
7# Shanzibei 0.025~0.034 0 0.026~0.030 0
Standard value for grade 3
0.24 / 0.12 ----
(mg/m3)
Standard value for grade 2
0.24 / 0.12 ----
(mg/m3)
In conclusion, in the assessment area, the 1# plant site complies with the Class III assessment standard of Ambient
Air Quality Standard (GB3095-96, revised in January 2000), and the other monitoring locations all comply with the
Class II assessment standard of Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-96, revised in January 2000).
In the assessment area during the monitoring period, the hourly mean concentrations of NO2, SO2 and CO comply with
the relevant assessment standards regulated in Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-96, revised in January 2000).
Except the daily mean concentration of CO in a point of 1# plant site is near and lower than the standard, the
concentrations of all monitoring items in other monitoring locations are lower. In the assessment area, the daily mean
concentrations of PM10 and TSP are usually lower, and the concentration of particles in monitoring locations could
comply with relevant assessment standard.
So it turns out that the existing situation air quality in the assessment area is in good condition, which could meet
relevant functional requirements.
5.2 Investigation of existing situation of water environment quality
Existing situation of water environment quality is based on the existing situation monitoring data from the EIA
Report of five technical renovation projects of the iron-smelting plant of SGIS (March 2007).
5.2.1 Monitoring point
Surface water monitoring point distribution
According to the environmental conditions and the status of this Project the monitor sets up 7 water quality
monitoring sections for sampling and analysis, among which, 3 sections are in Meihua River, i.e., upstream of
Meihua River (S1), mouth of Meihua River (S2); 2 sections are in downstream of Maba River, i.e., before joining
Meihua River (S3), after joining Meihua River (S4); 2 sections are in North River, i.e., before joining (S5), after
joining (S7). For detailed information, see Table 5.2-1 and Figure 5.2-1
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Figure 5.2-1 Monitoring point distribution for water Environment
Table 5.2-1 Distribution of Monitoring Sections
Section No. Location
S1 Upstream of Meihua River
Meihua River outlet,100m downstream of general
S2
drainage of Shaogang
S3 6000m downstream of general drainage of Shaogang
S4 Maba River before Meihua River joins
Maba River after Meihua River joins, 10000m
S5
downstream of general drainage of Shaogang
S6 Beijiang River Section before Maba River joins
S7 Beijiang River Section after Maba River joins
2) Underground water monitoring point distribution
1# Dayuantou Village, 2# No. 31, Yumachang, 3#Baoxishui, 4# Cheliao Village (Opposite Pingtian Village) and
5#Chenziyuan Village (Opposite Pingtian Village). For details, please refer to Monitoring point distribution Figure
5.1-2.
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5.2.2 Monitored items
①Survey factors of surface water: PH, SS, CODCr, arsenic, volatile phenol, petroleum-related substances, copper,
lead, zinc, cadmium, sulfide, mercury, fluoride, cyanide, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, iron, BOD5 and water
temperature, altogether 19 items.
②Survey factors of ground water: PH, Cr6+, mercury, arsenic, cyanide, volatile phenol, iron, copper, lead, zinc and
total hardness, altogether 11items.
5.2.3 Monitoring Time and Sampling Frequency
Water monitoring started from March, 2006 and one sampling is taken for each section during each monitoring
period. Regarding the sampling sections 1#-5# in Meihua River and Maba River, only one sample is taken in the
middle of the River, and regarding the sampling sections 6#-7#, 2 samples are taken on the left and right side of the
section.
Water quality sampling and analysis are carried out in strict compliance with environmental monitoring
specifications.
5.2.4 Monitoring and analysis methods
Methods specified in Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002) are adopted for surface
water, and regarding unspecified items, monitoring and analysis are carried out by using the recommended analysis
methods in Environmental Monitoring Specifications produced by State Environmental Protection Administration.
For all related analysis methods and their detection limit, see 5.2-2.
The sampling and analysis of underground water are carried out with the methods specified in Environmental
Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB/T14848-93). For the monitoring method of underground water and
detection limit, see Table 5.2-2.
Table 5.2-2 Overview of Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis Methods
(Unit: mg/l, excluding pH)
Minimum limit of
Items Basis for the monitoring method Monitoring instrument
identification
pH GB/T6920-1986 DF808ApH/Ionometer 0.02
Water temperature
GB/T13195-1991 thermometer 0.1
( )
Fourth edition of Monitoring and
Chemical oxygen XJ-I Digestion
Analysis Methods of Water and 5
demand Instrument
Wastewater
0.002 (surface
Atomic Absorption water)
Copper GB/T7475-1987
Spectrophotometer 0.012
(wastewater)
0.002 (surface
Atomic Absorption water)
Zinc GB/T7475-1987
Spectrophotometer 0.012
(wastewater)
0.005 (surface
Atomic Absorption water)
Lead GB/T7475-1987
Spectrophotometer
0.05 (wastewater)
0.002 (surface
Atomic Absorption water)
Cadmium GB/T7475-1987
Spectrophotometer 0.012
(wastewater)
722S Visible
hexavalent chrome GB/T7467-1987 0.004
Spectrophotometer
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722S Visible
Cyanide GB/T7487-1987 0.004
Spectrophotometer
722S Visible
Volatile Phenol GB/T7490-1987 0.002
Spectrophotometer
biochemical oxygen Fourth edition of Monitoring and
demand after 5 days Analysis Methods of Water and - 0.1
(BOD5) Wastewater
Fluoride GB/T7484-1987 DF801pH/Ionometer 0.05
Fourth edition of Monitoring and AFS-920 Atomic
Mercury Analysis Methods of Water and Fluorescence 0.00001
Wastewater Spectrophotometer
Fourth edition of Monitoring and AFS-920 Atomic
Arsenic Analysis Methods of Water and Fluorescence 0.0001
Wastewater Spectrophotometer
Third edition of Monitoring and
suspended AB204-N Electronic
Analysis Methods of Water and 4
particulate Balance
Wastewater
Ultraviolet
Total nitrogen GB/T11894-1989 0.05
Spectrophotometer
IR-200 Infrared Oil
Petroleum GB/T16488-1996 0.04
Analyzer
0.002 (surface
Atomic Absorption water)
Iron GB/T11911-1989
Spectrophotometer
0.03 (wastewater)
Total hardness GB/T7477-1987 - 5
722S
Total phosphorus GB/T11893-1989 0.01
Spectrophotometer
722S
Sulphide GB/T17133-1997 0.004
Spectrophotometer
5.2.5 Evaluation of existing situation of water quality
5.2.5.1 Assessment Standards
Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002) for upstream of Meihua
River (from Huangshakeng to the discharge outlet of Shaoguan Iron and Steel plant, 14km); Class IV standard of
Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002) for the 6km segment of Meihua River from the
discharge outlet of Shaouan Iron and Steel plant to downstream Longgang (mouth) and 4km segment from
Longgang to Baitu (mouth); Class standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002)
for upstream of Maba River (Huangmao to Longgang of Shaoguan, 42km); Class II standard for the Baitu segment
of North River.
Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB/T14848-93) is adopted for the evaluation of
underground water.
5.2.5.2 Evaluation of existing situation of water quality
(1) For detailed result of water quality monitoring, see Table 5.2-3. The monitoring result is analyzed as
follows:
1# Section: Complying with Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water
(GB3838-2002) The average value of monitoring results shows that monitored items on this section above the
Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002) are: CODcr (4 times above
standard), iron (0.43 time above standard); those meeting the standard are: PH, SS, arsenic, volatile phenol,
petroleum, copper, lead, zinc, cadmium, sulfide, mercury, fluoride, cyanide, total nitrogen, total phosphorus,
BOD5 and water temperature.
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2# Section: Complying with Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water
(GB3838-2002) The average value of monitoring results shows that monitored items on this section above the
Class IV standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002) are: SS (1.06 times above
standard), CODcr (1.08 times above standard), lead (23 times above standard), cadmium (7.6 times above standard),
fluoride (0.37 time above standard), total nitrogen (0.61 time above standard), iron (10.23 times above standard)
and BOD5 (0.17 time above standard); those meeting the standard are: PH, arsenic, volatile phenol,
petroleum-related substances, copper, zinc, sulfide, mercury, cyanide, total phosphorus and water temperature.
3# Section: Complying with Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water
(GB3838-2002) The average value of monitoring results shows that monitored items on this section above the
Class II standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002) are: total nitrogen (3.34
times above standard), total phosphorus (1.14 time above standard), lead (3.8 times above standard), CODcr (0.28
times above standard), iron (0.73 time above standard), and BOD5 (0.22 time above standard); those meeting the
standard are: SS, cadmium, fluoride, PH, arsenic, volatile phenol, petroleum-related substances, copper, zinc,
sulfide, mercury, cyanide, and water temperature.
4# Section: Complying with Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water
(GB3838-2002) The average value of monitoring results shows that monitored items on this section above the
Class IV standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002) are: CODcr (0.04 times
above standard), iron (18.6 time above standard); those meeting the standard are: PH, SS, arsenic, volatile phenol,
petroleum, copper, lead, zinc, cadmium, sulfide, mercury, fluoride, cyanide, total nitrogen, total phosphorus,
BOD5 and water temperature.
5#Section: Complying with Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water
(GB3838-2002) The average value of monitoring results shows that monitored items on this section above the
Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002) are: iron (0.05 time
above standard); those meeting the standard are: SS, total nitrogen, CODcr, lead, cadmium, fluoride, PH, arsenic,
volatile phenol, petroleum-related substances, copper, zinc, sulfide, mercury, cyanide, total phosphorus, BOD5
and water temperature .
5#Section: Complying with Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002)
The average value of monitoring results shows that monitored items on this section above the Class III standard
of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002) are: iron (0.27 time above standard);
those meeting the standard are: SS, total nitrogen, CODcr, lead, cadmium, fluoride, PH, arsenic, volatile phenol,
petroleum-related substances, copper, zinc, sulfide, mercury, cyanide, total phosphorus, BOD5 and water
temperature .
6# Section: Complying with Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water
(GB3838-2002) The average value of monitoring results shows that monitored items on this section above the
Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002) are: lead (1.46 times above
standard), cadmium (1 times above standard), total nitrogen (0.52 time above standard) and iron (9.47 times above
standard); those meeting the standard are: SS, CODcr, fluoride, PH, arsenic, volatile phenol, petroleum-related
substances, copper, zinc, sulfide, mercury, cyanide, total phosphorus, BOD5 and water temperature.
6# Section: Complying with Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water
(GB3838-2002) The average value of monitoring results shows that monitored items on this section above the
Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002) are: total nitrogen (0.15
time above standard) and iron (0.93 time above standard); those meeting the standard are: SS, CODcr, lead,
cadmium, fluoride, PH, arsenic, volatile phenol, petroleum-related substances, copper, zinc, sulfide, mercury,
cyanide, total phosphorus, BOD5 and water temperature.
To summarize, except iron and CODcr, all monitored items on the upstream section of Meihua river (1#) meet the
requirements of Class III standard of GB3838-2002; the water quality on the section before Meihua River joins
Maba River does not improve obviously with the increase of distance with the discharge outlet, and this is mainly
because the incoming water from upstream is less than the amount of wastewater discharged along the river, and
especially because the fact that, the discharge of wastewater from county towns and enterprises along the River
increases the amount of pollutant in the water body, making the degraded pollutant amount less than the increased
one due to the limited dilution and degradation capacity of water body.
Based on the monitoring result of the section (3#) in front of the meeting of Meihua River and Maba River, CODcr,
Pb, T-P, BOD5, T-N and Fe in water from the upstream of Maba River all exceed the standard. Several items in
section (4#) in front of the meeting of Beijaing River and Maba River exceed the standard.
On the section before North River joins Maba River (5#), the monitored items of water quality all meet the
requirements of Class IV standard of GB3838-2002 except iron; lightly polluted by iron; on the section after North
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River joins Maba River, all monitored items meet requirements of Class _ standard of GB3838-2002 except total
nitrogen and iron.
(2) For detailed result of Underground water quality monitoring, see Table 5.2-4. The
monitoring result is analyzed as follows:
1# Dayuantou Village (He Fuyun)
This monitoring adopts Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Underground Water
(GB/T14848-93). The average value of monitoring results shows that all the monitored items of the point meet
Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Ground Water (GB/T14848-93); those meeting the
standard are: PH, Cr6+, mercury, arsenic, cyanide, volatile phenol, iron, copper, lead, zinc and total hardness.
2# Yumachang No.31
This monitoring adopts Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Underground Water
(GB/T14848-93). The average value of monitoring results shows that all the monitored items of the point meet
Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Ground Water (GB/T14848-93); those meeting the
standard are: PH, Cr6+, mercury, arsenic, cyanide, volatile phenol, iron, copper, lead, zinc and total hardness.
3# Baoxishui
This monitoring adopts Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Underground Water
(GB/T14848-93). The average value of monitoring results shows that all the monitored items of the point meet
Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Ground Water (GB/T14848-93); those meeting the
standard are: PH, Cr6+, mercury, arsenic, cyanide, volatile phenol, iron, copper, lead, zinc and total hardness.
4# Cheliao Village (opposite to Pingtian Village)
This monitoring adopts Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Underground Water
(GB/T14848-93). The average value of monitoring results shows that all the monitored items of the point meet
Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Ground Water (GB/T14848-93); those meeting the
standard are: PH, Cr6+, mercury, arsenic, cyanide, volatile phenol, iron, copper, lead, zinc and total hardness.
5# Chenziyuan Village 22# (opposite to Pingtian Village)
This monitoring adopts Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Underground Water
(GB/T14848-93). The average value of monitoring results shows that all the monitored items of the point meet
Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Ground Water (GB/T14848-93); those meeting the
standard are: PH, Cr6+, mercury, arsenic, cyanide, volatile phenol, iron, copper, lead, zinc and total hardness.
To summarize, all measured results on the monitoring point meet Class III standard of Environmental Quality
Standard for Underground Water (GB/T14848-93), indicating that the underground water in the evaluated area have
fine water quality, and remain unpolluted.
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Table 5.2-3 Monitoring Results Statistics of Surface Water
Monitoring result (mg/L pH excluded)
Sample Number and location suspended Volatile
pH CODcr Arsenic Petroleum Copper Lead Zinc Cadmium
particulate Phenol
1# 500m upstream of Meihua River
from discharge outlet of Shaoguan 7.86 81 24 0.0012 0.002(L) 0.04(L) 0.014 0.016 0.028 0.002(L)
Iron and Steel plant
Times above the standard － － 4 － － － － － － －
0.91kg before Meihua River joins
7.61 206 62.4 0.0028 0.002(L) 0.04(L) 0.132 1.2 1.25 0.043
Maba River
Times above the standard － 1.06 1.08 － － － － 23 － 7.6
1.36kg before Maba River joins
7.28 71 19.2 0.0028 0.002(L) 0.04(L) 0.021 0.048 0.075 0.002(L)
Meihua River
Times above the standard － － 0.28 － － － － 3.8 － －
1.81kg before Maba River joins
7.48 55.5 31.2 0.0042 0.002(L) 0.04(L) 0.062 0.98 0.79 0.02
North River
Times above the standard － － 0.04 － － － － 18.6 － 3
2.27kg upstream of Maba River after
7.68 24.5 9.6 0.0055 0.002(L) 0.04(L) 0.011 0.032 0.049 0.002(L)
joining Northe River, left
Times above the standard － － － － － － － － － －
right 7.64 34.5 12 0.0053 0.002(L) 0.04(L) 0.01 0.037 0.053 0.002(L)
Times above the standard － － － － － － － － － －
2.72kg downstream of Maba River
7.5 69 12 0.0045 0.002(L) 0.04(L) 0.031 0.123 0.145 0.01
after joining Northe River, left
Times above the standard － － － － － － － 1.46 － 1
right 7.52 56.5 14.4 0.0025 0.002(L) 0.04(L) 0.044 0.028 0.052 0.002(L)
Times above the standard － － － － － － － － － －
Class II srandard 6~9 100 15 0.05 0.002 0.05 1 0.01 1 0.005
Class III_ standard 6~9 100 20 0.05 0.005 0.05 1 0.05 1 0.005
Class IV_ standard 6~9 150 30 0.1 0.01 0.5 1 0.05 2 0.005
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Table 5.2-3 (continued)
Monitoring result (mg/L, water temperature excluded)
Total biochemical Water
Sample Number and location
Sulphide Mercury Fluoride Cyanide Total nitrogen phosphoru Iron oxygen temperature
s demand in ( )
1# 500m upstream of Meihua River from
discharge outlet of Shaoguan Iron and 0.004(L) 0.00001(L) 0.23 0.004(L) 0.81 0.19 0.43 2.99 24
Steel plant
Times above the standard － － － － － － 0.43 － －
3# before Meihua River joins Maba
0.004(L) 0.00001(L) 2.05 0.004(L) 2.42 0.21 3.37 7.03 24
River
Times above the standard － － 0.37 － 0.61 － 10.23 0.17 －
4# before Maba River joins Meihua
0.004(L) 0.00001(L) 0.38 0.004(L) 2.17 0.24 0.52 3.67 24
River
Times above the standard － － － － 3.34 1.4 0.73 0.22 －
5# before Maba River joins North River 0.004(L) 0.00001(L) 0.96 0.004(L) 2.46 0.21 0.72 4.29 22
Times above the standard － － － － 0.64 － 1.40 － －
6# upstream of Maba River after joining
0.004(L) 0.00001(L) 0.31 0.004(L) 1.05 0.2 0.34 0.97 23
North River, left
Times above the standard － － － － 0.05 － 0.13 － －
right 0.004(L) 0.00001(L) 0.31 0.004(L) 1.07 0.2 0.38 0.86 23
Times above the standard 0.07 0.27
7# downstream of Maba River after
0.004(L) 0.00001(L) 0.74 0.004(L) 1.52 0.2 3.14 1.58 23
joining North River, left
Times above the standard 0.52 9.47
right 0.004(L) 0.00001(L) 0.37 0.004(L) 1.72 0.2 0.58 1.86 23
Times above the standard － － － － 0.15 － 0.93 － －
Class II standard 0.1 0.00005 1 0.05 0.50 0.1 0.30 3
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Class III standard 0.2 0.0001 1 0.2 1 0.2 0.3 4
Class IV standard 0.5 0.001 1.5 0.2 1.5 0.3 0.3 6
Table 5.2-4 Monitoring Results Statistics of Surface Water
Monitoring result (mg/L pH excluded)
Sample Number and
location hexavalent Total
pH Mercury Arsenic Cyanide Volatile Phenol Iron Copper Lead Zinc
chrome hardness
1# Dayuantou village 6.81 0.004(L) 0.00001(L) 0.0001(L) 0.004(L) 0.002(L) 0.2 0.009 0.021 0.036 192
2# Yumachang No.31 6.43 0.004(L) 0.00001(L) 0.0001(L) 0.004(L) 0.002(L) 0.06 0.013 0.011 0.038 113
3# Baoxishui 6.73 0.004(L) 0.00001(L) 0.0001(L) 0.004(L) 0.002(L) 0.27 0.008 0.02 0.061 221
4# Cheliao Village
(opposite to Pingtian 6.9 0.004(L) 0.00001(L) 0.0001(L) 0.004(L) 0.002(L) 0.2 0.013 0.024 0.053 148
Village)
5# Chenziyuan Village
22# (opposite to Pingtian 6.74 0.004(L) 0.00001(L) 0.0001(L) 0.004(L) 0.002(L) 0.03(L) 0.012 0.024 0.072 132
Village)
Class III standard
0.05 0.001 0.05 0.05 0.002 0.3 1 0.05 1 450
(GB/T14848-93)
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5.3 Monitoring & Evaluation of Existing situation of Acoustic Environment Quality
5.3.1 Monitoring points
According to the distribution of noise sources in this Project and the locations of surrounding sensitive points
of acoustic environment, 12 monitoring points are established around the plant boundary on the land for the
project of this phase, around SGIS plant boundary and at sensitive points.
5.3.2 Monitoring time and sampling frequency
2 site monitoring of the monitoring points were conducted from Feb. 25, 2008 to Feb. 27, 2008 and Apr.
5, 2008 to Apr. 7, 2008 both lasting continuously for 2 days, including daytime monitoring and night
monitoring, typically conducting measurement through sampling in short time, i.e., monitoring in work time
during daytime (e.g., 8:00-12:00 and 14:00-18:00) and in sleep time during night (e.g., 23:00-05:00),
measuring equivalent consecutive sound level A through integral sound level meter.
5.3.3 Monitoring method
Monitoring method is adopted in accordance with relevant stipulations in Measuring Method of
Environmental Noise of Urban Area (GB/T 14623-93).
5.3.4 Evaluation of existing situation of acoustic environment quality
5.3.4.1 Standards for the execution of evaluation
According to the requirements of Ambient Noise Standard for Urban Area (GB3093-93), the acoustic
environmental sensitive points Yangwu Village, Dayuantou Village, Shanzibei School, Xiaogang Village and
Xiaojiang Village, belonging to the rural living environment, applies to Class I standard of Ambient Noise
Standard for Urban Area (GB3093-93); the Laoxiaojiang Village, for being in the 300m range to SGIS plant
boundary, applies to Class II standard of Ambient Noise Standard for Urban Area (GB 3093-93); and the
plant boundary, belonging to industrial region, applies to Class III standard of Ambient Noise Standard for
Urban Area (GB3093-93).
5.3.4.2 Evaluation of existing situation of acoustic environment quality
Sensitive points
Sensitive points monitored of the project include Yangwu Village, Dayuantou Village, Shanzibei School,
Xiaogang Village, Xiaojiang Village and Laojiang Village. All monitoring points but Laojiang Village within
300m of the plant boundary complies with the Class II standard of Standard of Environmental Noise of Urban
Area (GB3096-93). In daytime, noise in Yangwu Village exceeds the standard, and noise in other monitoring
points all meet relevant standards. In nighttime, all monitoring points exceed the standard, and noise in
Shanzibei School exceeds the standard at most, the maximum vale exceeding 13.4dB (A) of the standard
limit.
SGIS plant boundary
The plant boundary area belongs to industrial area, for which the Class III standard of Measuring Method of
Environmental Noise of Urban Area (GB 3093-93) shall be executed. The project has been in the trail
operation phase, based on the monitoring result, noise of all monitoring points in daytime can be up to Class
III standard of Standard of Environmental Noise of Urban Area (GB3096-93). And at nighttime, the
monitoring point in boundary of SGIS Plant also is up to the Class III standard.
The boundary of the land for this project
The boundary of the land for this project belongs to industrial area, for which the Class III standard of
Measuring Method of Environmental Noise of Urban Area (GB 3093-93) shall be executed. As shown by the
monitoring result, the noise level of all monitoring points during daytime meet the standards; during night,
noise level at south side of boundary of the land for 7#blast furnace of this phase is 53.7 dB (A), which not
exceeds the standard value.
The noise produced in this Project contributes little to the impact on surrounding villages, but as the whole
plant area has occasionally exceeded the standards, so it’s suggested to reinforce the noise reduction measures,
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reducing the impact of noises as much as possible.
Table 5.3-1 Statistic Result of Noise Monitoring, unit: dB (A)
Monitoring points Daytime Nighttime
East side of Shaoguang Iron and Steel
54.8~55.4 53.4~53.6
plant boundary
South side of Shaoguang Iron and Steel
53.2~54.1 48.4~49.4
plant boundary
West side of Shaoguang Iron and Steel
54.4~55.2 53~53.6
plant boundary
Northside of Shaoguang Iron and Steel
57.6~58 53.7~54.1
plant boundary
Dayuantou village 51.3~52.9 47.3~49.1
Shanzibei school 52.2~53.9 49.7~58.4
East side of the land boundary for dry
56.5~61.6 50.3~53.7
coke quenching devices
West side of the land boundary for dry
54.3~58.5 49.8~52.2
coke quenching devices
South side of the land boundary for dry
55.7~60.8 55.6~52.0
coke quenching devices
North side of the land boundary for dry
58.3~60.9 56.6~53.5
coke quenching devices
Class I standard 55 45
Class II standard 60 50
Class III standard 65 55
5.4 Monitoring & Evaluation of Existing situation of Soil Environment Quality
Existing situation of soil environment quality is based on the existing situation monitoring data from the EIA
Report of five technical renovation projects of the iron-smelting plant of SGIS (March 2007).
5.4.1 Monitoring point
1# rice soil in Xinxiaojiang Village, 2# vegetable garden soil in Xinxiaojiang Village, 3# vegetable garden
soil in Songshanxia Village, 4# rice soil in Laoxiaojiang Village and 5# paddy soil in upper reaches of
Meihua River.For the distribution of soil monitoring points see Figure 5.1-1.
5.4.2 Monitored items
Soil survey factors: copper, lead, zinc, cadmium, mercury and arsenic, altogether 8 factors.
5.4.3 Monitoring Time and Sampling Frequency
One soil monitoring was conducted on 18th May, 2006, with one samling.
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5.4.4 Monitoring and analysis method
The monitoring and analysis method is adopted in accordance with relevant chapters in Environmental
Monitoring Analytical Method, Recent Analytical Methods of Soil Elements (edited by China Environmental
Monitoring Center) of State Environmental Protection Administration.For all related analysis methods and
their detection limits, see 5.4-1.
Table 5.4-1 Overview of Soil Analysis and Monitoring Methods
Minimum limit of
Items Basis for the monitoring method Monitoring instrument
identification
Atomic Absorption
Copper GB/T17138 －1997 0.2
Spectrophotometer
Atomic Absorption
Zinc GB/T17138 －1997 0.5
Spectrophotometer
Recent Analytical Methods of Soil Atomic Absorption
Lead 0.06
Elements Spectrophotometer
Recent Analytical Methods of Soil Atomic Absorption
Cadmium 0.006
Elements Spectrophotometer
AFS-920 Atomic
Recent Analytical Methods of Soil
Arsenic Fluorescence 0.011
Elements
Spectrophotometer
Third edition of Monitoring and
AFS-920 Atomic
Analysis Methods of Water and
Mercury Fluorescence 0.001
Wastewater
Spectrophotometer
Fourth edition
5.4.5 Evaluation of existing situation of soil environment quality
5.4.5.1 Assessment Standards
Based on the materials provided by monitoring station, the soil of Shaoguan region is acid soil, for which the
acid soil standard in the Class II standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Soil GB15618-1995 shall be
executed. For detailed information, see 5.4-2.
Soil environment quality standard value (unit: mg/kg, except ph)
Copper Lead Zinc Cadmium Mercury Arsenic
GradeⅡ, soil ambient quality
50 250 200 0.3 0.3 30
standard
5.4.5.2 Evaluation of existing situation of soil environment quality
1# paddy soil of new Xiaojiang village:
Class II standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Soil GB15618-1995 is executed on this section. The
monitoring result of upper layer of paddy soil shows the elements of soil on this section above the Class II
standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Soil GB15618-1995 are: cadmium (6 times above standard);
those meeting the standard are: copper, lead, arsenic, zinc and mercury; the monitoring result of lower
layer of paddy soil shows, the elements of soil on this section above the Class II standard of Environmental
Quality Standard for Soil GB15618-1995 are: cadmium (5.03 times above standard) and mercury (0.03 time
above standard); those meeting the standard are: , copper, lead, arsenic and zinc..
2# vegetable garden soil of new Xiaojiang village
Class II standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Soil GB15618-1995 is executed on this section. The
monitoring result of upper layer of vegetable garden soil shows, the elements of soil on this section above the
Class II standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Soil GB15618-1995 are: cadmium (7.07 times above
standard); those meeting the standard are: copper, lead, arsenic, zinc and mercury; the monitoring result of
lower layer of vegetable garden soil shows, the elements of soil on this section above the Class II standard of
Environmental Quality Standard for Soil GB15618-1995 are: cadmium (3.93 times above standard); those
meeting the standard are: copper, lead, arsenic, mercury and zinc.
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3# vegetable garden soil of Songshanxia village
Class II standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Soil GB15618-1995 is executed on this section. The
monitoring result of upper layer of vegetable garden soil shows, the elements of soil on this section above the
Class II standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Soil GB15618-1995 are: copper (0.04 times above
standard), cadmium (4.07 times above standard), and mercury (0.4 time above standard); those meeting the
standard are: lead, arsenic and zinc; the monitoring result of lower layer of vegetable garden soil shows, the
elements of soil on this section above the Class II standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Soil
GB15618-1995 are: cadmium (8.2 times above the standard), mercury (0.43 times above the standard); those
meeting the standard are: copper, lead, zinc and arsenic.
4# paddy soil of old Xiaojiang village:
Class II standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Soil GB15618-1995 is executed on this section. The
monitoring result of upper layer of vegetable garden soil shows, the elements of soil on this section above the
Class II standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Soil GB15618-1995 are: cadmium (5.73 times above
standard) and mercury (0.03 times above standard); those meeting the standard are: copper, lead, arsenic and
zinc; the monitoring result of lower layer of vegetable garden soil shows, the elements of soil on this section
above the Class II standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Soil GB15618-1995 are: cadmium (4.5
times above standard); those meeting the standard are: copper, lead, mercury, arsenic and zinc.
5# paddy soil of upstream Meihua River
Class II standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Soil GB15618-1995 is executed on this section. The
monitoring result of upper layer of paddy soil shows the elements of soil on this section above the Class II
standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Soil GB15618-1995 are: cadmium (5.07 times above
standard); those meeting the standard are: copper, lead, arsenic, zinc and mercury; the monitoring result of
lower layer of paddy soil shows, the elements of soil on this section above the Class II standard of
Environmental Quality Standard for Soil GB15618-1995 are: cadmium (5.03 times above standard) and
mercury (0.31 time above standard); those meeting the standard are: , copper, lead, arsenic and zinc..
Based on the above assessment results, cadmium at all the monitoring points exceeds the standard at 4.5~7.7
times; Mercury exceeds the standard in topsoil and subsoil at 1#, 3#, 4# and 5# monitoring points, and copper
in topsoil at 3# monitoring point.
Table 5.4-3 Monitoring Results Overview of Soil
Monitoring result (mg/Kg)
Sample No. and location Copper Lead Zinc Cadmium Mercury Arsenic
1# upper layer of paddy soil of new
Xiaojiang village 14 86.4 40.8 2.1 0.23 25.5
Times above the standard 6.00
lower layer 12 72.3 31 1.81 0.31 28.5
Times above the standard 5.03 0.03
2# upper layer of vegetable garden soil
of new Xiaojiang village 7 80.3 33.6 2.42 0.21 25
Times above the standard 7.07
lower layer 17 54.9 24.3 1.48 0.29 24.3
Times above the standard 3.93
3# upper layer of vegetable garden soil
of Songshanxia village 104 50.9 28.4 1.52 0.42 22.3
Times above the standard 0.04 4.07 0.40
lower layer 27 70.5 28.2 2.76 0.43 22.3
Times above the standard 8.20 0.43
4# upper layer of paddy soil of old 19 75.3 41.7 2.02 0.31 20.7
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Xiaojiang village
Times above the standard 5.73 0.03
lower layer 12 65.5 38.2 1.65 0.29 23
Times above the standard 4.50
5# upper layer of paddy soil of
upstream Meihua River 10 62 29.7 1.82 0.3 13.8
Times above the standard 5.07
lower layer 29 62.5 33 1.81 0.36 17.7
Times above the standard 5.03 0.31
Grade-2, soil ambient quality standard 50 250 200 0.3 0.3 30
5.5 Investigation & Assessment of Farm Crop
Three sampling points for farm crop are arranged in the assessment area. Samples are harvested crops in this
area (vegetables, potatoes andbrown rice).Analysis items include Cu, Pb, Zn, Ca, Hg and As.
Analysis results for copper, lead, zinc, cadmium, mercury and arsenic contents in farm corps within land
ecological investigation area around the project site are shown in Table 5.5-1.
Compared with relevant standards in National Hygienic Standards of Grain (GB2715-81), the investigation
and analysis result of crops show that the As in crops is lower than the national standard, but Ca in 5#
vegetables in upstream of Meihua River exceeds the standard. All crop samples are colory and with pure
smell. In the assessment area, all farm crops are not polluted with heavy metals except that the 5# vegetables
in upstream of Meihua River are polluted with Ca.
Table 5.5-1 Investigation and Analysis Results of Sounding Farm Corp (Unit: mg/kg)
Monitoring result (mg/Kg)
Location & No. of Samples
Copper Lead Zinc Cadmium Mercury Arsenic
Vegetables of 1# New Xiaojiang
1 (L) 1 (L) 1 (L) 0.1 0.001 (L) 0.01 (L)
Village---Sewage-irrigated Zone
Vegetables of 3# Songshanxia Village
1 1 1 0.1 0.001 (L) 0.01 (L)
–Common Zone
Vegetables of 5# Meihua River
1 (L) 1 (L) 1.5 0.2 0.001 (L) 0.01 (L)
(upstream)---Comparison Zone
Potato of New Xiaojiang
1 1 (L) 1 (L) 0.1 0.001 (L) 0.01 (L)
Village1#---Sewage-irrigated Zone
Potato of 3# Songshanxia Village –Common
3 1 (L) 1 (L) 0.1 (L) 0.001 (L) 0.01 (L)
Zone
Potato of 5# Meihua River
2 1 (L) 1 (L) 0.1 0.001 (L) 0.01 (L)
(upstream)---Comparison Zone
Brown rice of New Xiaojiang
5 1 (L) 6 0.1 0.001 (L) 0.01 (L)
Village1#---Sewage-irrigated Zone
Brown rice of 3# Songshanxia Village
5 1 (L) 6 0.1 0.001 (L) 0.01 (L)
–Common Zone
Brown rice of 5# Meihua River
4 1 (L) 3 0.1 (L) 0.001 (L) 0.01 (L)
(upstream)---Comparison Zone
≤0.2 (Rice) ≤0.15 (Rice)
GB2715-81 0.02 ≤0.2
≤0.1 (Others)
(Others)
Remarks
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6. Environment impact analysis
6.1 Prediction and assessment of ambient air impact
6.1.1 Analysis of pollution meteorological conditions
This project collects meteorological information of 2002-2004 from Qujiang Meteorological Observatory for
analysis of meteorological conditions of pollution.
6.1.1.1 Surface wind characteristics
According to the 2002-2004 surface meteorological observation information statistics from Qujiang
Meteorological Observatory, its annual prevailing wind is north wind, with a frequency of 12.6%, and static
wind frequency is 25.9%, and the annual average wind speed is 1.64 m/s. Table 6-1 presents the wind
direction frequencies and the average wind speed in an entire year and each season (this table shows the
2002-2004 data statistics with 24 times a day). Figure6-1 shows the wind direction frequency rose diagram.
N
14
NNW NNE
12
NW 10 NE
8
WNW 6 ENE
4
2
W 0 E
WSW ESE
SW SE
SSW SSE
S
Figure 6.1-1 Wind Direction Frequency Rose Diagram
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Table 6.1-1 Wind direction frequencies and average wind speed in an entire year and each season
Average
Wind direction
N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW C Wind
Season
Speed(m/s)
Frequency 11.50 5.16 3.89 0.32 0.77 0.54 2.45 1.77 17.62 9.10 5.66 0.82 2.17 2.90 7.25 5.57 22.46
Spring 1.83
Windspeed 3.10 2.45 1.71 0.91 1.26 0.77 1.25 1.36 3.02 3.16 2.07 0.59 1.04 1.16 1.42 1.99 0.00
Frequency 5.98 2.99 7.56 0.72 0.68 0.36 2.85 3.13 18.30 12.14 12.50 2.67 4.76 2.85 8.11 2.67 11.64
Summer 1.78
Windspeed 2.61 2.08 1.79 1.07 1.26 1.11 1.43 1.63 2.52 2.58 2.14 1.19 1.21 1.10 1.41 1.49 0.00
Frequency 14.56 8.01 10.26 2.38 0.69 1.47 5.04 2.79 4.44 3.39 3.48 1.05 2.20 1.88 5.40 3.71 29.08
Autumn 1.51
Windspeed 3.62 2.71 2.09 1.37 1.16 0.77 1.00 1.17 2.17 2.01 1.78 0.71 1.20 0.89 1.28 1.86 0.00
Frequency 18.43 10.32 3.56 1.39 0.60 1.02 2.31 1.20 2.55 2.27 1.25 0.42 1.39 2.18 4.12 6.39 40.51
Winter 1.45
Windspeed 3.56 2.72 2.05 1.09 0.78 1.15 0.93 1.12 2.49 2.63 1.22 0.81 0.94 0.98 1.42 2.16 0.00
Entire Frequency 12.62 6.62 6.32 1.20 0.69 0.85 3.16 2.22 10.73 6.73 5.72 1.24 2.63 2.45 6.22 4.59 25.92
year 1.64
Windspeed 3.36 2.59 1.94 1.21 1.13 0.92 1.13 1.37 2.69 2.71 2.02 0.96 1.14 1.05 1.39 1.95 0.00
6.1-2 Distribution table of combined frequencies for wind direction, wind speed and atmospheric stability (%)
Wind direction
Wind speed, N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW C
stability
A 0.07 0.07 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.07 0.14 0.14 0.07 0.14 0.07 0.07 0.21 0.07 0.21
B 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.34 0.07 0.27 0.27 0.48 0.07 3.22
u≤1 D 0.34 0.41 0.75 0.21 0.14 0.21 0.34 0.34 0.62 0.27 0.34 0.34 0.34 1.03 0.96 0.34 11.85
E 0.00 0.14 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.14 0.41 0.21 0.14 0.07 0.21 0.27 0.07 0.21 0.07 0.00 5.41
F 0.07 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.34 0.55 0.48 0.34 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.00 0.27 0.07 0.27 7.88
1<u≤2 A 0.34 0.14 0.21 0.14 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.07 0.14 0.21 0.14 0.48 0.27 0.82 0.27 0.00
B 0.34 0.14 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.21 0.07 0.41 0.07 0.34 0.14 0.27 0.27 0.00
C 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
D 0.68 1.44 1.03 0.07 0.07 0.00 0.14 0.27 0.55 0.75 0.89 0.27 0.34 0.27 0.82 0.62 0.00
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E 0.21 0.14 0.27 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.62 0.14 0.55 0.21 0.27 0.07 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.00
F 0.21 0.07 0.55 0.21 0.07 0.14 1.30 0.68 0.62 0.34 0.07 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.00
A 0.14 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
B 0.21 0.00 0.68 0.07 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.27 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.21 0.14 0.00
C 0.14 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.34 0.14 0.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.14 0.00
2<u≤3
D 1.44 1.16 1.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.21 1.51 0.55 0.62 0.00 0.07 0.07 0.75 0.48 0.00
E 0.21 0.07 0.21 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.82 0.48 0.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
F 0.07 0.14 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.07 0.55 0.41 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
B 0.82 0.55 0.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.48 0.55 0.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.27 0.00
C 0.34 0.21 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.62 0.75 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.14 0.00
3<u≤5
D 3.01 1.51 0.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.19 0.75 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.62 0.00
E 0.34 0.27 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.27 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
C 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00
u>5
D 1.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.00
Total 10.63 6.80 6.86 1.11 0.83 0.90 3.71 2.68 10.5 6.04 5.89 1.51 2.47 2.60 5.15 3.84 28.57
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6.1.1.2 Atmospheric stability
Table 6.1-2 presents the distribution results of atmospheric stability classified by P-T method, with neutrality
accounting for 45.68%, as the main part. Analysis indicates that category A stability has a relatively low
frequency of occurrence, category B and C stabilities occur in daytime, category D, E and F stabilities mostly
occur at nighttime.
Table 6.1-3 presents the distribution of combined frequencies for wind direction, wind speed and
atmospheric stability (this table shows the 2002-2004 data statistics with 4 times a day due to a cloudiness of
4 times a day).
Table 6.1-3 Atmospheric stability frequencies (%) in different seasons of
2002-2004
Items A B C D E F
Spring 2.17 8.97 5.98 64.95 7.61 10.33
Summer 7.07 9.78 8.15 45.92 14.95 14.13
Autumn 7.14 21.98 2.75 26.10 15.66 26.37
Winter 5.56 10.56 1.94 45.56 15.56 20.83
Annual average 5.48 12.81 4.73 45.68 13.42 17.88
6.1.1.3 Variation of wind speed with height
Variation of wind speed with height is expressed in index rate, namely:
P
⎛Z ⎞
U = U0⎜ ⎟
⎜Z ⎟
⎝ 0⎠
Where
U0 refers to wind speed at the height of Z and Z0.
P is a wind contour index, a parameter related to atmospheric stability
Table 6.1-4 presents the wind speed contour indexes at different stability based on the available information of
the Plant.
Table 6.1-4 Fitting results of wind speed contour P value
Stability B, C D E
P 0.25 0.35 0.48
6.1.1.4 Mixing layer height
Mixing layer height refers to the scope to which air pollutants diffusing upward can reach. Due to dynamic
interference and thermal effect of the ground, a relatively strong torrent is formed in the surface layer, which
can transfer upward to a certain scope within which torrent strength is relatively large with a strong
atmospheric diffusion capability; beyond which torrent strength is relatively weak with a weak diffusion
capability. As to pollution diffusion within 50km, it is generally believed that the pollutants are limited to the
scope of the mixing layer.
information of the Plant, the average mixing layer heights at different stability are worked out and presented
in Table 6.1-5.
Table 6.1-5 Average mixing layer height at different stability
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Stability B C D E, F
Average height 950 700 550 250
6.1.1.5 Atmospheric diffusion parameters
Atmospheric diffusion parameter in the form of power functions, namely:
σ Y = a ⋅ xb
σ Z = c ⋅ xd
x: The distance of pollutants transferred with air flow in the air;
a, b, c , d: coefficients and indexes reflecting the variation rules of diffusion parameters;
σy,σz: Represent a horizontal diffusion parameter and a vertical diffusion parameter respectively;
information of the Plant, atmospheric diffusion parameters are worked out and showed in Table 6.1-6.
Table 6.1-6 Coefficients and indexes of atmospheric diffusion parameters in
the form of power function.
Coefficient A b c c
Stability
B 0.389 0.883 0.271 0.865
C 0.329 0.878 0.231 0.852
D 0.276 0.875 0.197 0.840
E 0.157 0.891 0.121 0.835
F 0.103 0.905 0.092 0.810
In case of weak wind and calm wind conditions, diffusion parameters are selected and presented in the
following table:
Table 6.1-7 Diffusion parameters of little wind (0.5m/s≤u10<1.5m/s), still
wind (u10<0.5m/s)
(σx=σ y=γ01T，σz=γ02T)
Stability γ01 γ02
u10<0.5m/s 0.5m/s≤u10<1.5m/s u10<0.5m/s 0.5m/s≤u10<1.5m/s
A 0.93 0.76 0.57 0.57
B 0.76 0.56 0.47 0.47
C 0.55 0.35 0.21 0.21
D 0.47 0.27 0.12 0.12
E 0.44 0.24 0.07 0.07
F 0.44 0.24 0.05 0.05
6.1.2 Estimation model
The surrounding environment of this project has a very different topography. During the ground concentration
prediction, we shall consider the topography correction for concentration and select the prediction model and
parameters as below.
6.2.1.1 Fume uplift height formula
(1) Under the condition of wind, neutral and unstable conditions
a. When Qh, the heat release rate of fume is bigger than or equal to 2100kJ/s, and the T, difference between
fume temperature and ambient temperature is bigger than or equal to 35K, H can be calculated by the
formula as below:
ΔH = n0 Qh 1H n 2u −1
n
Qh = 0.35 Pn Qv ΔT / Ts
.
where,
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n0--fume thermal condition and surface condition coefficient;
n1-- heat release rate index of fume;
n2--funnel height index;
Qh--fume heat release rate, kJ/s;
H--geometric height of funnel from ground, m; in case of over 240m, value of H is 240m;
Pa--atmospheric pressure, hPa;
Qv--actual fume exhaust rate, m3/s;
T--difference between fume outlet temperature and ambient temperature, T=Ts-Ta;
Ts--fume outlet temperature, K;
Ta--ambient atmospheric temperature, K;
u--average wind speed at funnel outlet.
Table 6.1-8 Selection of n0, n1 and n2
Qh/(kJ/s) Surface condition (plain) n0 n1 n2
Qh≥21000 Rural or urban exurb 1.427 1/3 2/3
Urban and suburb 1.303 1/3 2/3
2100≤Qh＜21000 and Rural or urban exurb 0.332 3/5 2/5
T≥35K Urban and suburb 0.292 3/5 2/5
b. When 1700kJ/s＜Qh＜2100kJ/s;
ΔH = ΔH 1 + (ΔH 2 − ΔH 1 )(Qh − 1700 ) / 400
ΔH 1 = 2(1.5Vs D + 0.01Qh ) / u − 0.048(Qh − 1700 ) / u
Vs--fume exhaust speed at funnel outlet, m/s;
D--funnel outlet diameter, m;
H2--fume uplift height calculated according to above "a.", m;
c. When Qh≤1700kJ/s or T＜35K
ΔH = 2(1.5Vs D + 0.01Q h ) / u
(2) Under windy and stable conditions
ΔH = Qh / 3 (dTa / dz + 0.0098)
−1 / 3
1
u −1 / 3
Where dTa/dz--atmospheric temperature gradient above funnel geometric height, K/m;
(3) At calm wind and weak wind (u10<1.5m/s)
ΔH = 5.50Qh / 3 (dTa / dz + 0.0098)
1 −3 / 8
Note: the value of dTa/dz should be no less than 0.01K/m. When -0.0098<(dTa/dz)<0.01K/m, let
(dTa/dz)=0.01K/m; when dTa/dz≤-0.0098K/m, H should be calculated using relevant formulas in (1), but
the value of u10 in the formula used to calculate wind speed u must be 1.5m/s.
6.2.1.2 Concentration prediction model
Prediction model uses Gauss fume flow diffusion series models.
Hourly mean concentration under all various wind speeds and stable conditions uses point source diffusion
model; under conditions of weak wind and calm wind, corresponding diffusion model shall be used.
Daily mean concentration is calculated through adjusting diffusion parameter. Prediction mode is the same as
diffusion model of hourly mean concentration.
Dust pollutants are discharged with particulars smaller than 10μm, therefore only PM10 pollutants are
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calculated without using oblique fume flow model.
a Point source diffusion model
Q ⎛ Y2 ⎞
C=( ) ⋅ exp⎜ − 2 ⎟ ⋅ F
2πUσ Y σ Z ⎝ 2σ Y ⎠
K ⎧ ⎡ (2nh − He) 2 ⎤
⎪ ⎡ (2nh + He) 2 ⎤ ⎫
⎪
F = ∑ ⎨exp ⎢− ⎥ + exp ⎢− ⎥⎬
n =− K ⎪ ⎢ 2σ Z2
⎥ ⎢ 2σ Z2
⎥⎭
⎦⎪
⎩ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣
b Diffusion model under weak wind and calm wind
When the average wind speed of origin height U<1.5m/s, Gauss multi-puff integral formula can be adopted to
calculate the ground concentration.
∞
2Q ⎛ ( X − UT )2 ⎞ ⎛ y2 ⎞ ⎛ 2
⎞
C=∫ ⋅ exp⎜ − ⎟ ⋅ exp⎜ − ⎟ ⋅ exp⎜ − H e ⎟ ⋅ dT
(2π ) 2 σ xσ yσ z
3
⎜ 2σ x
2 ⎟ ⎜ 2σ 2 ⎟ ⎜ 2σ 2 ⎟
0 ⎝ ⎠ ⎝ y ⎠ ⎝ z ⎠
In this formula,σx,σy,σz refer to the diffusion parameter of X, Y, Z direction, which are functions of
diffusion time T, the upper limit of integral is taken the adequate precision which can reach within 5 hours.
c Topography correction
Topography correction is required for diffusion model in mountainous area, and the method is:
In case of neutral and unstable weather, topography height hT, efficient fume height He, topography
correction coefficient T, corrected efficient fume height T He, the value of T should be calculated by formulas
as below:
When T=0.5 and He ≤hT,
When T=( He -hT/2)/ He and He > hT
Under stable weather conditions, when He > hT, correction method is the same as above; when He< hT, it is
divided into two parts by critical height. The fume plume above the critical height can cross a mountain, and
those below it can only round the mountain; the approximate calculation method of critical height Hc is as
follows:
H c = hT − u[θ / ( gdθ / dz )] = h T − u [ / ( gd θ / dz
θ )]1 / 2
1/ 2
H c
d Dry sediment correction in source loss model
Under normal working conditions, after dust removal by the dust remover, the air pollutants mainly consist of
particles smaller than 10 microns in diameter, and source loss model should be used. This model is mainly
applicable for particles smaller than 10μm in diameter and particles those are prone to form sediment or gas.
Assuming that the sediment flux W [mg/(s·m2)] of air pollutant caused due to various mechanisms to the
ground is expressed in the following formula:
W=VdC4
where Vd--sediment speed, m/s;
C--ground concentration of air pollutant, is generally taken from 1m above the ground.
After the air pollutants are discharged from funnel outlet, its original source strength Q (0) will gradually
weakened (lose) with down-wind distance due to sediment effect. The source strength after loss Q(x) can be
deduced according to the formula above; since dQ(x)/dx could be calculated by integral of W from －∞ to ∞
with respect to y, in addition with the integral of W with respect to x, the result will be worked out.
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⎧
⎪ 2 ⎛ Vd ⎞ x −1 ⎡ ⎛ H2 ⎞⎤ ⎫
Q( x ) = Q(0) exp⎨− ⎜ ⎟∫ σ z exp ⎢− ⎜ e2 ⎟⎥dx ⎪
⎜ ⎟ ⎬
⎪ π⎝ u ⎠0
⎩ ⎢ ⎝ 2σ z
⎣ ⎠⎥ ⎪
⎦ ⎭
The formula shows that the key problem is to determine the sediment speed Vd. Many researchers have made
great efforts on experiment or model over years in order to work out Vd.
e. Multi-source superposition model
If more than one point source is required for assessment, superpose the contribution of each source on
acceptance point concentration during the concentration calculation. Selecting an origin in the assessment area,
taking upwind direction of the average wind as the positive x axis, the total concentration contribution Cn of
each source (with coordinates of xr,yr,0) to any ground point (x, y) can be calculated by the formula as below:
C n ( x, y,0 ) = ∑ C r (x − x r , y − y r )...
where Cr is the No. r point the concentration contribution of the point source on the point of (x,y,0), and
relevant point source model given in this chapter can be used in the calculation formula in accordance with
different conditions, but coordinate conversion should be noted, replacing (x-xr,y-yr) with (x,y,0).
H c = hT − u[θ / ( gdθ / dz )] = h T − u [ / ( gd θ / dz
θ )]1 / 2
1/ 2
H c
f Calculation of daily mean concentration
Daily mean concentration is calculated according to the meteorological conditions of the typical day. Select
the meteorological data of an negative typical meteorological day, to calculate hourly mean concentration by
diffusion model, work out the mean value, and then to calculate the daily mean concentration. The formula is
presented as below:
1 N
Cd =
N
∑ Ci( x, y, o, He)
i =1
6.2.1.3 Pollution source strength and meteorological conditions
(1) Pollution source strength
It can be known from Chapter 3 that the organized emission of air pollutants in this dry quenching project is
mainly from 2 newly-built ground dust removal station. Its pollution source strength is presented in Table
6.1-9.
This technical renovation project will replace the Coke Wet Quenching System on the existing2×55holes
(4.3m) coke oven, therefore characteristic pollutants before and after technical renovation shall be predicted.
The resource intensity of existing wet quenching method is shown as Table 6.1-10.
Table 6.1-9 The resource intensity of organized pollution source of the technical renovation project
Pollution Resources Pollutants Smoke Fume Discharge Height of Exhaust
Flow m3/h temperature Speed kg/h Pipe (m)
0
C
CDQ and Screen Coke, Powder 200,000 80 6 28
Transfer Station and Dust
Removing Stations
CDQ Dust Removing Station Powder 125,000 80 3.75 28
Table 6.1-10 Pollutant Producing Situation of Current Coke Wet Quenching
System Pollutant Smoke Gas Discharge Speed Fume Height of Exhaust Pipe
Name s Quantity m/h kg/h temperature 0C (m)
Coke
Smoke Through a exhaust stack
Quenching 113,000 7.6 80
Dust with a height of 18m
Tower
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Coke
Smoke
Screening 95,000 7.6 80
Dust
System
Transfer Smoke
100,000 3.0 60 16
System Dust
(2) Meteorological parameters of the typical day
Relevant meteorological parameters of the typical day are required in calculation of the daily mean
concentration. The meteorological parameters of winter and summer typical day can be determined according
to the wind direction, wind speed and total cloudiness and low cloudiness measured each day by the
observatory. Typical day condition refers to the situation where daily wind direction has a narrow change
range with a relatively concentrated daily mean ground concentration, taking the wind direction that has more
pollution to atmospheric assessment point as a prevailing wind, according to the meteorological information
actually measured at the plant site. Selection of meteorological parameters of the typical day is presented in
Table 6.1-11.
Table 6.1-11 Calculated parameters of mean concentration of typical day
Summer typical day Winter typical day
Wind Wind
Time Atmospheric Atmospheric
directi Wind speed (m/s) directio Wind speed (m/s)
stability stability
on n
02 SW 1.79 E SSW 2.63 D
08 S 2.52 D NNE 2.72 D
12 SSW 2.14 D NW 2.8 C
14 SW 2.58 B NNW 2.16 B
16 W 1.21 C N 3.45 C
20 SW 1.41 D NE 2.05 D
6.1.3 Prediction results and analysis and assessment
Compared with Coke Wet Quenching after project operation, the main air pollutants Emission rate PM10 of
this technical renovation reduced from 18.2kg/h to 9.75kg/h. Therefore, the quo assessment is no longer
applied for “the background and added value” The quo assessment below is mainly for sensitive assessment
points to calculate the added value of environment impact, and to explain the ratio in the monitoring results
for current atmospheric environment.
Since there are multiple emission sources, each assessment point is located in different directions of the
emission point with different distances. Therefore, the maximum concentration of different assessment point
occurs in different meteorological conditions. Prediction results in the table as below are all the maximum
concentrations calculated for assessment points. Prediction factor is PM10, only daily mean value is predicted.
6.1.3.1 Prediction of this Project
Diffusion ranges of summer typical day and winter typical day of this project are shown in Figure6.1-1 and
Figure6.1-2.
At the corresponding direction of the sensitive point, prediction shall be conducted while the wind direction is
upwind of this point, so as to obtain the most negative results of impact on this project and sensitive points of
its surrounding environment under normal working conditions. See Table 6.1-12.
It may be seen in Table 6.1-12, the impact of daily mean ground concentration of PM10 in each sensitive point
also has a little prediction increment value, which accounts for 0.%~2.47% of the Class II standard of the
ambient air quality.
Therefore, it can be believed that the impact of the project on its surrounding atmospheric environment is up
to the standard both from existing situation assessment and prediction assessment analysis of all assessment
points, and that the environmental function of assessment area can be up to the standard.
Table 6.1-12 Impact of the technical innovation project on the daily mean concentration of PM10
(mg/m3)
Monitoring Percentage of
Compliance
Prediction value of the increment to
Sensitive point of the existing
increment existing Class II
situation
situation standard value
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%
Old Xiaojiang
1 0.0031 0.07 Qualified 2.07
Village
New Xiaojiang
2 0.0021 0.075 Qualified 1.40
Village
3 Daping Village 0.0022 0.06 Qualified 1.47
4 Liantang Village 0.0011 0.072 Qualified 0.73
5 Yumin Village 0.0015 0.045 Qualified 1.00
6 Shuibei Village 0.0014 0.069 Qualified 0.93
Maba No. 3
7 0.0014 0.06 Qualified 0.93
Primary School
8 Da Yuantou 0.0017 0.071 Qualified 1.13
Shaogang No. 1
9 0.0016 0.06 Qualified 1.07
Middle School
Meihuazhai
10 0.0010 0.045 Qualified 0.67
Village
11 XinZhai 0.0006 0.08 Qualified 0.40
12 Maba Town 0.0002 0.081 Qualified 0.13
13 Nanhua Temple 0 0.087 Qualified 0.00
14 Shanzibei 0.0037 0.05 Qualified 2.47
6.1.3.2 The forecast result of the existing Coke Wet Quenching System
Prediction results are presented in Table 6.1-12. In order to predict the impact of air pollutants from the
project on the sensitive points of its surrounding environment, all sensitive point directions should be
predicted with the maximum diffusion concentration.
It may be seen in Table 6.1-12, content of PM10 currently in the ambient atmospheric environment of SGIS
has meet he Class II standard of the ambient air quality. The existing Coke Wet Quenching. The impact of
daily mean ground concentration of PM10 in each sensitive point also has a little prediction increment value,
which accounts for 0.23%~18.4% of the monitoring value of the existing situation.
Therefore, it can be believed that the impact of the project on its surrounding atmospheric environment is up
to the standard both from existing situation assessment and prediction assessment analysis of all assessment
points, and that the environmental function of assessment area can be up to the standard.
The contribution of the project to the sensitive points of the technical innovation project after being
put into operation will reduce 43.6%~100%，which will lead to the further of improvement of ambient
air.
Table6.1-13 Impact of the technical innovation project on the daily mean concentration of PM10
(mg/m3)
The ratio it
The ratio
taken of Reduce
Monitoring it taken
Compliance value of % after
Forecast value of the of Class
Sensitive point of the existing the technical
values existing II
situation existing innovatio
situation standard
situation n
%
%
Old Xiaojiang
1 0.0077 0.07 Qualified
Village 11.00 5.1 -59.7
New Xiaojiang
2 0.0038 0.075 Qualified
Village 5.07 2.5 -44.7
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3 Daping Village 0.0039 0.06 Qualified 6.50 2.6 -43.6
Liantang
4 0.0039 0.072 Qualified
Village 5.42 2.6 -71.8
5 Yumin Village 0.0029 0.045 Qualified 6.44 1.9 -48.3
6 Shuibei Village 0.0027 0.069 Qualified 3.91 1.8 -48.1
Maba No. 3
7 0.0027 0.06 Qualified
Primary School 4.50 1.8 -48.1
8 Da Yuantou 0.0036 0.071 Qualified 5.07 2.4 -52.8
Shaogang No.
9 1 Middle 0.0035 0.06 Qualified
School 5.83 2.3 -54.3
Meihuazhai
10 0.0021 0.045 Qualified
Village 4.67 1.4 -52.4
11 XinZhai 0.0011 0.08 Qualified 1.38 0.7 -45.5
12 Maba Town 0.0006 0.081 Qualified 0.74 0.4 -66.7
Nanhua
13 0.0002 0.087 Qualified
Temple 0.23 0.1 -100.0
14 Shanzibei 0.0092 0.05 Qualified 18.40 6.1 -59.8
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0.001
05
0
0.0
2
0.0015015
0. 00
0..0 00
0.00 0
Figure 6.1-1 Distribution of summer typical day for the project (mg/m3)
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0. 0
0. 000
02 5
1
130
0. 0
0.0
00
5
0.0005
Figure 6.1-2 Distribution of winter typical day for the project (mg/m3)
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1
0. 00
5 0
0. 0
0. 00.301
0 00
0
Figure 6.1-3 Distribution of summer typical day for Coke Wet Quenching Solution (4.3m) (mg/m3)
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0000
0...0 1
00
065
4 0
0. 0
3
0.0
0. 00
20
0. 00 2
0.0
0 1
0. 001
Figure 6.1-4 Distribution of winter typical day for Coke Wet Quenching Solution (4.3m) (mg/m3)
6.1.4 Environmental impact assessment under abnormal emission
6.1.4.1 Analysis of abnormal emission
The Checking & Repairing of CDQ Oven, De-dusting Efficiency Reduction of the De-dusters, Emergency
Pressure Relief of Recycling Gas Pipeline Pressure Relief Points.
Based on the engineering analysis, it can be known that (Section 3.5.5):
In case of maintenance and repair of dry quenching oven, a standby wet coke quenching tower can be used for
wet quenching, where the emission of dust increases compared with coke dry quenching, but could still be up
to the Class II standard requirements in Paragraph 2 in Emission limitss of Air Pollutants (DB44/27-2001).
Therefore, prediction and assessment are not conducted in case of maintenance and repair of dry quenching
oven.
When the dust remover and recycle gas pipe are pressure relieved in an accident, they emit dusts with a very
high concentration (most of them are particles larger than 15 μm in grain size without treatment). Distribution
of grain size is presented in Table 6.1-14;
Prediction situation is assumed to be that: under abnormal work conditions with pressure relief of the recycle
gas pipe; under abnormal work conditions with pressure relief of dust remover and recycle gas pipe.
Pollutant emission source strength for all situations are given in Table 6.1-14.
Table 6.1-14 Pollutant Producing Situation of Current Coke Wet Quenching
System Name Pollutants Gas Duration Smoke Gas Discharge Speed
Exhausting Time Quantity m/h kg/h
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Pipes m Min
CDQ Dedusting System Powder 28 20 200,000 120
Instable Pressures for the 20 15
Dust, N2 125,000 250
Recycling Gas Pipes
Table 6.1-15 Distribution of dust grain size under abnormal emission
Particle Size 0~15μm 10~40μm 40~70μm >70μm
Range
Proportions 10% 20% 30% 40%
6.1.4.2 Prediction analysis
TSP is predicted by particle mineral diffusion model (oblique fume plume diffusion model), namely,
X 2
( He − V gi )
(1 + α i )Q ⎛ 2
⎞
C pi = ( ) ⋅ exp⎜ −Y U )
⎟ ⋅ exp(−
2πUσ Y σ Z ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2σ Y 2σ Z
2 2
⎠
Where:
Cpi--concentration of grain size particles (mg/m3)
αi--Reflecting coefficient of grain size particle
Q- the emission quantity of pollutants (mg/s)
y--horizontal distance from the central line of fume flow (m)
Vgi--Average sedimentation speed of grain size particles, (m/s);
Partial reflection (oblique fume plume)
Partial reflection model is mainly applicable for airborne particles with grain size larger than 15μm. Since
such pollutants have an obvious sedimentation function, and their center of gravity is reduced gradually. In
addition, the ground only reflects part of the pollutants.
For particle pollutants with a certain grain size, calculation is conducted according to corresponding gas
model after adjustment of He and Q:
He(x)=He(0)-Vg x/u.
Q(x)=Q(0) (1+α)/2
where α--ground reflection coefficient of particles (see table below);
d 2 ρg
Vg =
18μ
Vg--Sedimentation speed of particles, calculated using STOCKS formula:;
d, ρ--diameter and density of particles;
g--acceleration of gravity;
μ--coefficient of air viscosity.
Table 6.1-16 Coefficient of Reflectionα
Grain size range/μm 15~30 31~47 60 76~100
Average grain size/μm 22 38 50 85
Coefficient of reflectionα 0.8 0.5 0.3 0
6.1.4.3 Monitoring results
To simulate abnormal working condition and the impact of diffused TSP on its surrounding environment, the
prediction results here are the results from superposition prediction, using maximum pollution source strength,
namely the situation where the dust remover and recycle gas pipe undergoes abnormal working condition at
its pressure relief point. See Table 6.1-17 for the prediction results. Figure6.1-5~6.1-10 shows the distribution
range of predicted concentration.
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Table 6.1-17 Impact of TSP on sensitive point in case of accidents occurring to dust remover and
diffusion valve
Percentag
Percentag
e to Class
Monitorin Complia Superposi e of
II
g value of nce of tion value increment
Sensitive Prediction standard
the the of the to Class
point increment value
existing existing existing II
after
situation situation situation standard
superposit
value %
ion %
Old
1 Xiaojiang
Village 0.0489 0.11 Qualified 0.1589 16.30 52.97
New
2 Xiaojiang
Village 0.0537 0.115 Qualified 0.1687 17.90 56.23
Daping
3
Village 0.0519 0.092 Qualified 0.1439 17.30 47.97
Liantang
4
Village 0.0713 0.102 Qualified 0.1733 23.77 57.77
Yumin
5
Village 0.0517 0.095 Qualified 0.1467 17.23 48.90
Shuibei
6
Village 0.0529 0.099 Qualified 0.1519 17.63 50.63
Maba No. 3
7 Primary
School 0.0535 0.09 Qualified 0.1435 17.83 47.83
8 Da Yuantou 0.0546 0.1 Qualified 0.1546 18.20 51.53
Shaogang
9 No. 1 Middle
School 0.0563 0.09 Qualified 0.1463 18.77 48.77
Meihuazhai
10
Village 0.0498 0.077 Qualified 0.1268 16.60 42.27
11 XinZhai 0.0405 0.13 Qualified 0.1705 13.50 56.83
12 Maba Town 0.0127 0.132 Qualified 0.1447 4.23 48.23
Nanhua
13
Temple 0.0056 0.15 Qualified 0.1556 1.87 51.87
14 Shanzibei 0.0506 0.085 Qualified 0.1356 16.87 45.20
In accordance with the table , in case of accident occurring, the condensation of TSP around the Project will
increase quicklier, which makes the sensitive points obviously increase the daily average ground
condensation of PSP, which is equal to 1.87% to 23.77% of the environmental air quality of Class II; with
superpositioning the current situation, it will be equal to 42.27% to 57.77% of the environmental air
quality of Class II..
So, it can be understood that in the abnormal operation condition, it will have ovious impact on the the
sensitive points. Nevertheless, it can meet the environmental functioning requirements if the duration is not
too long.. So, it will not bring obvious bad impact on the surroundings.
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1
0. 0
1
0. 0
0.0
0.02
1
0.05
0 1
0. 01
0.0
3
0.0
0.01
2
0.04
0.03
0.02
0
0..0
1
1
Figure 6.1-5 Distribution of summer typical day under abnormal working conditions of dust remover
and pressure relief point
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0. 04
00
0. 0
2
0.12
0.02
0.1
.0
0. 004
0.
8
0.0
6
Figure 6.1-6 Distribution of summer typical day under abnormal working conditions of dust remover
and pressure relief point
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2
0. 0
0.0
0.005
0.0
1 5
0.0
1
0.01
0.0
5
0 5
0.01
0. 005
Figure 6.1-7 Diffusion concentration distributions on winter typical day under abnormal working
conditions of dust remover
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0. 01
. 1
3
0.0
0.0.21
00
.0
0.0
5
0.0
4
Figure 6.1-8 Diffusion concentration distributions on summer typical day under abnormal working
conditions of dust remover
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5
0.00
05
0.0
0.0
05
0.005
0. 03
.005
0.0
0. 01
2
0.0
15
0.0
0.025 2
1
0.005
0.015 0.0
0.01
Figure 6.1-9 Distribution of winter typical day under abnormal working conditions of dust remover and
pressure relief point
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0. 2
0. 02
0..0
0
0. 06
0. 08
2
0.0
4
Figure 6.1-10 Distribution of summer typical day under abnormal working conditions of dust remover
and pressure relief point
6.2 River Environment Impact Analysis
6.2.1 Overview of pollutant carrying river where the project is located
Industrial wastewater from SGIS converges and flows into the main drain ditch which leads to Meihua River.
After convergence with the upstream river water, it finally flows to Beijiang trunk at Baitu via Meihua River
and Maba River.
Discharge outlet of this project in SGIS is located at the middle and lower reaches of the Meihua River. After
flowing westwards for 6km and converging with the Maba River, the sewage will converge with the Baitu
River in Qujiang County at the middle reach of the Beijiang River. The average flow of the Meihua River is
about 3m3/s. Beijiang is the second largest water system of Pearl River basin, with a total length of 468 km
and the average slope of 0.26%. Beijiang river basin (Sixianjiao) has an multi-year average flow rate of 1,620
m3/s, average flow rate in high water period 2,520 m3/s, and in low water period 714 m3/s. The project is near
Baitu river reach (with a rainwater catchment area of 16,750 square kilometers), and the average flow rate of
the river is 467 m3/s over years.
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According to engineering analysis, the project generates wastewater with an amount of 2 m3/d, which is
recycled after it entering the wastewater treatment system and meeting standard. Clean sewage flows to clean
water drainage system in the plant area and is recycled as needed. No sewage is discharged from the project to
the surroundings directly.
6.2.2 River Environment Impact Analysis
6.2.2.1 Wastewater generation from the coke dry quenching project
Production Wastewater
Production wastewater: water seal on the coke dry quenching oven discharges water with an amount of about
1 m3/d, and flows to the existing phenol-cyanogen wastewater treatment system. It can be up to the standard
after treatment and can be used as makeup water for blast furnace slag system.
As for the Discharged Sewage of Recycling Cooling Water for CDQ Devices, the Discharged Sewage of
Cooling Water for Generators, Air Coolers, Oil Coolers and various Pumps, the Discharged Sewage of
Steam-condensed Water and Recycling Water for Waste-heat Boilers, there are not any hazardous substances
contained in them. With the comparatively high water temperature, the above-mentioned water contains few
pollutants. With the yielding amount as 1,884m3/d, those wastewater goes into the Purified-water Reuse
System of SGIS as the Purified Water Drainage.
The Domestic wastewater is included into the current Domestic wastewater System of the Coking Plant.
Initial Rainfall
According to the calculation, the rainwater drainage capacity is about 1,000m3 in the initial operational phase
of the project. Its pollutants are mainly petroleum, CODCr and SS.
The Initial Ground Rainwater shall be unified discharged to the Factory Sewage Treatment Field after being
collected and they shall be discharged only when reaching the discharging standards. According to the
designed plan of the Comprehensive Sewage Treatment Plants with the capacity of 9×104m3/d in SGIS, the
Initial Rainwater Collecting Ponds shall be established during the construction period of the Sewage
Treatment Plant.
Domestic wastewater
Daily domestic wastewater discharge amount is 7.2m3, which flows into the sanitary sewer network.
Through the above analysis it can be summarized that the Yielding Amount of the Production Wastewater
under the normal production conditions is 2m3/d. The external-discharged wastewater is mainly the cooling
water of the Purified circulating water, with little change on the water quality, being discharged into the Clean
Sewer Discharging System of the Factory.
6.2.2.2 Drainage direction
Sewage treatment measures include:
The water for the Water-sealing and Water-drainage of CDQ Oven is 1 m3/d or so. After the sedimentation, the
water goes into the current Phenol-cyanogen Wastewater Treatment System. After reaching the standards
through the treatment, the water serves for the make-up water of the BF Water Slag System.
7.2 m3/d of domestic wastewater is collected by the existing sanitary sewage system of the coke oven plant.
960 m3/d clean sewage enters the clean water system of the plant, and is used as slag removal water for blast
oven, applicable for work sections where the water quality is not high.
In conclusion, no wastewater of the coking plant is discharged outside.
6.2.2.3 Impact analysis
Water saving and recycling based on the quality are taken into consideration during the designing of 6m coke
oven and coke dry quenching project. Small discharge amount of the clean sewage is also collected by the
clean water system in the plant for recycle use. Under normal working conditions, no drainage from the
project is discharged into the surroundings.
The production wastewater of the project follows up indirect zero drainage, and its main pollution to the water
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environment is the direct discharge of a little amount of domestic wastewater. According to the engineering
analysis above, the project generates domestic wastewater with an amount of 7.2m2/d, accounting for 0.06%
of the discharge capacity. Therefore, the project has a relatively little impact on water environment. SGIS is
now constructing a wastewater treatment plant. After it is constructed, all wastewater from the plant will be
collected by the wastewater treatment plant where the wastewater is treated to meet standard prior to
discharge. At that time, the pollution resulted from direct discharge of domestic wastewater will be solved,
and the water quality of Meihua River, Maba River and Beijiang river downstream the drainage outlets will be
significantly improved.
Therefore, the project has a little impact on its surrounding water environment.
6.3 Acoustic environment impact assessment
Acoustic environmental impact assessment refers to assessing the acoustic environmental impact brought
about in the process of the construction and production of the project, acquiring the degree and range of the
acoustic environmental impact on the surrounding environment of projects by means of field investigation and
model calculation, and proposing protective measures according to relevant noise standards issued by the state
in order to limit the acoustic environmental impact within the specified standard range.
6.3.1 Noise Source Intensity
Noise from the CDQ project mainly includes the mechanical noise and aerodynamic noise. Main noise
sources include: cycling circuit, dedusting fan, pumps and exhaust equipments of safety valve of the boiler
dispersing pipes. Under general situations, the source strength of noise is lower than 85dB (A) prior to taking
noise control measures.
Table 6.3-1 Strengths of project noise source intensity
Source strength Noise reduction
No.: Noise Sources Controlling Measures
dB(A) dB(A)
Boilers Security Valves
1 114 Mufflers 30
Discharging Devices
Mufflers, Damping
2 Steam Turbines 90 Materials, 30
Sound-isolation
Mufflers, Damping
3 Power generator 90 Materials, 30
Sound-isolation
4 Each De-dusting Ventilators 92 Mufflers, Sound-isolation 30
5 Air compressor 91 Mufflers 30
Damping,
6 Water pump 90 25
Sound-isolation
7 Shielding Cooling Tower 85 Urban, Semi-sealing 25
6.3.2 Patterning treatment of sound energy attenuation
(1) Main attenuation factors, including shielding effects of space enclosing structures of factory buildings
where various noise sources are located, the distance attenuation between noise sources and sound receiving
positions, and air absorption, etc, are only considered in the process of forecast.
(2) Normal noise reduction measures are considered for various noises source intensities.
6.3.3 Forecast model
Noises caused by the factory are industrial noises. According to Technical Guidelines for Environmental
Impact Assessment---Acoustic Environment acoustic environmental impact (HJ/T2.4-1995), the forecast
model is adopted as follows:
Calculation model of the noise pressure level of multi noise sources
Latotal＝10lg∑10 0.1LAi
i =1
In the equation, XXX refers to total sound pressure level of some point by adding n sound sources together
(dB);
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L Ai Refer to the equivalent sound level of No. i sound source to certain forecast point.
The geometric divergence attenuation model of point sound sources
Lr=Lo－20lgr－ΔL
In the equation, Lr - Sound pressure level of the estimated point, dB (A);
Lo: the strength of noise sources, dB(A)；
r: the distance between the forecast point and the noise source, m;
ΔL: the attenuation caused by various factors, dB(A).
6.3.4 Results of noise forecast
(1) The result of noise attenuation of various equipments
Table 6.3-2a Main noise attenuation calculation results for devices of this project (before measures
for noise control are taken)
Adopte The sound pressure level (dB) of the noise source after the attenuation
Noise Sources d data of certain distance (m)
(dB) 10 20 40 60 70 80 100 200 300
Boilers Security Valves 66.9
110 79.02 73 63.46 62.12 60.96 59.02 53 49.48
Discharging Devices 8
46.9
Steam Turbines 90 59.02 53 43.46 42.12 40.96 39.02 33 29.48
8
46.9
Power generator 90 59.02 53 43.46 42.12 40.96 39.02 33 29.48
8
Each De-dusting 47.9
91 60.02 54 44.46 43.12 41.96 40.02 34 30.48
Ventilators 8
44.9
Air compressor 88 57.02 51 41.46 40.12 38.96 37.02 31 27.48
8
42.9
Water pump 86 55.02 49 39.46 38.12 36.96 35.02 29 25.48
8
41.9
Shielding Cooling Tower 85 54.02 48 38.46 37.12 35.96 34.02 28 24.48
8
Table 6.3-2b Main noise attenuation calculation results for devices of this project (after measures for
noise control are taken)
The sound pressure level (dB) of the noise source after the attenuation
Adopted
Noise Sources of certain distance (m)
data (dB)
10 20 40 60 70 80 100 200 300
Boilers Security
Valves
74 43.02 37.0 30.98 27.46 26.12 24.96 23.02 17.0 13.48
Discharging
Devices
Steam Turbines 60 29.02 23.0 16.98 13.46 12.12 10.96 9.03 3.0 0
Power generator 60 29.02 23.0 16.98 13.46 12.12 10.96 9.03 3.0 0
Each De-dusting
62 31.02 25.0 18.98 15.46 14.12 12.96 11.03 5.0 1.48
Ventilators
Air compressor 61 30.02 24.0 17.98 14.46 13.12 11.96 10.03 4.0 0.48
Water pump 60 29.02 23.0 16.98 13.46 12.12 10.96 9.03 3.0 0
Shielding
55 24.02 18.0 11.98 8.46 7.12 5.96 4.03 0 0
Cooling Tower
(2) The values at boundaries of the factory.
According to the results of field monitoring and combined with layout plan of the station yard, the forecast
results are shown in Table 6.3-3a\b
6.3-3a Noise forecast values at boundaries of the project (before noise control measures are adopted).
Unit: dB (A)
The sound pressure levels of various survey points The sound pressure levels of various survey points
No.
in daytime. in nighttime.
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Situation of Situation of
Current Forecast After adding the exceeding Current Forecast After adding the exceeding
values values background value the values values background value the
standards standards
Exceeding Exceeding
N1 61.6 the 53.7 the
71.09 71.55 standards 71.09 71.17 standards
Exceeding Exceeding
N2 58.5 the 52.2 the
65.07 65.93 standards 65.07 65.29 standards
Exceeding Exceeding
N3 60.8 the 52.0 the
67.57 67.32 standards 67.57 66.39 standards
Exceeding Exceeding
N4 60.9 the 53.5 the
66.23 68.42 standards 66.23 67.74 standards
Stand
65 55
ard
6.3-3b Noise forecast values at boundaries of the project (after noise control measures are improved).
Unit: dB(A)
The sound pressure levels of various survey points The sound pressure levels of various survey points
in daytime. in the nighttime.
No. Adding the Situation of Adding the Situation of
Current Forecast Current Forecast
background exceeding background exceeding
values values values values
value the standards value the standards
N1 61.60 34.7 61.6 Qualified 53.7 34.7 53.8 Qualified
N2 58.50 33.4 58.5 Qualified 52.2 33.4 52.3 Qualified
N3 60.80 31.2 60.8 Qualified 52.0 31.2 52.0 Qualified
N4 60.9 38.7 60.9 Qualified 53.5 38.7 53.6 Qualified
Standa
65 55
rd
6.3-3c Noise forecast values at boundaries of the project (after noise control measures are improved,
abnormal operating conditions). Unit: dB(A)
The sound pressure levels of various survey points The sound pressure levels of various survey points
in daytime. in nighttime.
No. Adding the Situation of Adding the Situation of
Current Forecast Current Forecast
background exceeding background exceeding
values values values values
value the standards value the standards
N1 61.60 43.6 61.7 Qualified 53.7 43.6 54.1 Qualified
N2 58.50 50.1 59.1 Qualified 52.2 50.1 54.3 Qualified
N3 60.80 49.3 61.1 Qualified 52.0 49.3 53.9 Qualified
N4 60.9 51.2 61.3 Qualified 53.5 51.2 55.5 Qualified
Standa
65 70 (sporadic noises)
rd
Distances from burst noise devices of the project to specific sensitive points are shown in Table 1.4-1.
According to the table, the nearest point is Liantang Village with a distance of 1300m to the devices.
According to the forecast, the noise level attenuation of burst noises of 100 dB (A) at the spot of 1,300m is
41.2 dB (A), while the noise level attenuation of noises of 85dB at the spot of 13000 m is 26.2dB (A) under
normal operating condition, so the contribution of the project to the sensitive points is very little.
The boundary standard of the project shall comply with the specifications of Standard of Noise at Boundary
of Industrial Enterprises(GB12348-90) , that is to say, 65dB(A) in daytime and 55dB(A) in nighttime.
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According to Table 6.3-3a and Table 6.3-3b, after this project is put into operation, the impact of noise is
relatively large at night before noise control measures are taken, while estimation values of all monitoring
sites together with background values are consistent with X standard after control measures proposed in
engineering analysis re taken. Hence, there will be no impact on the acoustic environment.
Under abnormal operating conditions, the boundary standard of the project shall comply with Class III of
Standard of Noise at Boundary of Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90) , the peak value of sporadic burst
noises should not be 15dB(A) higher than the standard value, i.e, they should be less 65dB(A) in daytime and
70dB(A) in nighttime. According to Table 6.3-3, after put into service of units of the project, burst noises
caused by pressure regulating valve set are 110 dB (A). Though it can't conform to the requirement that burst
noises shall not be 15dB (A) higher than the standard value since there is no sensitive point surrounding the
project, burst noises are acceptable.
6.4 Solid waste environmental impact assessment
Only the single type solid waste, coke dust of about 3,262.8t/a collected by the dust-removal system, is
produced in the process of production of the CDQ project. The humidified coke dust is completely and
comprehensively utilized by delivering to the coal preparation workshop with carrier vehicles and
incorporating in coking coal, or delivering to the sinter plant as per requirements as the raw material. It is
100% reused.
At present, SGIS Company has recycled or comprehensively utilized all produced solid wastes, and basically
there is no pollution caused solid wastes.
6.5 Analysis of Impact of Dust on Crops Surrounding Project
Dust is most harmful to crops, especially to vegetables. Without direct harms to crops, dust mainly influences
photosynthesis of crops by sticking on the leaf surfaces of crops. Once crops are polluted by dust, their
photosynthesis will be reduced or stopped when the condition is serious; the growth of vegetables will be
suppressed, causing different degrees of production reduction and great deterioration of vegetable quality.
The dust produced in the process of the project operation will have a certain influence on the quality of farm
products at the surrounding area. On one hand, as for planted fruits and vegetables, the dust covered on the
leaf surface of vegetables or the surface of fruits will not only influence their appearances but also make them
hard to be cleaned; not only make their tastes poor but also influence the health of eaters to a certain degree.
On the other hand, crops will have an enrichment effect to the metal elements contained in dust through the
action of waters or soil, which will result in an abnormal metal content in fruits as well as deterioration of
quality of farm products and potential safety hazards.
According to investigation into the current condition of the crops at the surrounding area, crops have not been
polluted by heavy metals and conform to related values specified in National Hygienic Standard of Grain
(GB2715-81); the sampled crops have normal luster and pure smell, which indicates that the crops within the
assessed area have not been polluted by heavy metals; in combination with the forecast analysis results, it can
be known that the dust discharged by the project is far less than related values specified by the state and will
not influence the growth of crops at the surrounding area within a short term of period. With the accumulation
of time, the accumulation effect that may be formed in the soil of farmland to a certain degree will have an
influence on eco-system of crops, so corresponding regular monitoring at the surrounding farmlands shall be
conducted in order to make a reasonable and scientific arrangement based on corresponding monitoring
results.
6.6 Environmental impact analysis for the construction period.
During the construction period, various construction activities will inevitably have damage to and an
influence on the surrounding environment, and sources that cause the damage and influence mainly include
sewage, dust, noises, and solid wastes, wherein the most significant factors are dust and construction noises.
6.6.1 Environmental impact analysis for the construction sewage.
The sewage produced in the process of construction mainly includes:
1. Construction wastewater: mainly including muddy water produced from surface excavation and
construction of main works, and cooling water and washing water containing oil produced by various
construction machineries.
2. Sanitary sewage: produced by construction personnel, including water for dining room, washing and
toilet. According to the data of similar projects, the number of construction personnel is about 220. If per
capita daily water consumption is about 0.2m3 and the discharge rate is 80%, and then the daily
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discharge of water is about 35.2m3. Refer to the discharge concentration of sanitary sewage of similar
projects to determine parameter values of the sewage quality, wherein COD is determined as 150mg/L,
BOD5 100mg/L, ammonia nitrogen 50mg/L and SS 300mg/L. According to above parameter values, the
discharge amount of sanitary sewage produced during the construction of the project is estimated as
shown in Table 6.6-1.
Table 6.6-1 Discharge amount of sanitary sewage produced during the construction of the project
COD BOD5 Ammonia SS
Nitrogen
Concentration (mg/L) 150 100 50 300
Daily discharge amount (kg/d) 5.28 3.52 1.76 10.52
No construction camp is set at the construction site, and SGIS will provide dormitories for all construction
personnel, so sanitary sewage will be discharged into the sanitary sewage system of the company.
Wastewater from construction site cleaning: though it does not contain poisonous, harmful pollutants, it may
contain much soil, sand and a certain amount of oil.
The amount of the above mentioned sewage produced during construction is not large. Setting collection
tanks and grit chambers at the construction site may effectively reduce the environmental influence of
construction sewage and washing sewage on the construction site.
Generally, after the adoption of the above mentioned sewage control measures during construction period, the
project has a small influence on the surrounding waters.
6.6.2 Environmental impact analysis for the construction dust
Atmospheric pollution sources during construction mainly include the scattering dust produced in the process
of mechanical excavation, embankment, loading and unloading, mixing and transportation as well as the
second dust produced in the process of transportation. Refer to Table 6.6-2 for analogy investigation results of
the amount of discharged dust produced by various construction activities. The dust produced by the
transportation of trucks on temporary roads as well as by the construction site is main sources of scattering
dust during construction.
Table 6.6-2 Analogy investigation results of the amount of discharged dust produced by various
construction activities
Construction area Types of construction activities Amount of discharged dust
((kg/d)
Excavation by excavators and bulldozing 36
Surface excavation Loading of trucks 0.48
Wind erosion at the construction site 36.5
Soil filling area at the Unloading of material movers 0.75
construction site
Wind erosion at the construction site 46.1
Loading of trucks 0.48
Temporary soil stockpiling Unloading of trucks 0.75
site in construction area
Bulldozing 36
Wind erosion at the construction site 36.5
Transportation routes inside Driving of transportation vehicles on 432
and outside the construction temporary roads
site
Driving of transportation vehicles on 213
concrete roads
Dust pollution during construction is mainly determined by factors such as operation modes of construction,
stockpiling of materials and wind force, wherein wind force is the most significant factor. Under a normal
meteorological condition, average wind speed is 2.5m/s, TSP concentration at the construction site is 2-2.5
times than that at windward contrast points; the influence range of dust produced by construction will reach
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150m around in the down wind direction, and the average TSP concentration at the range may reach about
0.49mg/m3. When construction fences are set, the influence range under the same condition may reduce by
about 40%. When the wind speed is more than 5m/s, the TSP at the construction site as well as at the down
wind range will exceed the Class III standard value specified in the air quality standard; moreover, with the
increase of the wind speed, the degree and range of the pollution caused by construction dust will be
correspondingly increased and enlarged
With good atmospheric diffusion condition of local area and the adoption of reasonable and feasible control
measures, the influence of dust and the influence range may be reduced to a certain degree. Main control
measures include:
(a) To ensure the scientific management and civilized construction at the construction site. Sand and gravel
shall be stockpiled together; cement shall be stockpiled in special warehouses, reduce carrying operation as
far as possible, and be careful for the carrying in order to prevent the breakage and bale-off of cement
packages.
(b) During excavation and removing, spray suitable amount of water on working surfaces to keep the
humidity to a certain degree in order to reduce scattering dust. Moreover, excavated soil, removed
construction materials and construction garbage shall be removed in time.
(c) Ensure that transportation vehicles shall not be overloaded. Measures including covering and sealing
shall be adopted to reduce the scattering along the way. Timely clean the mud and dust scattered on roads;
clean wheel tires and vehicle bodies; spray water regularly to reduce dust produced in the process of
transportation.
(d) During the field construction of mixing mortar and concrete, be careful not to spill, leak, leave or empty
the mixed materials as far as possible; concrete mixers shall be arranged in a shed and spraying and dust
reduction measures shall be adopted during mixing.
(e) Fences or part fences shall be set at the construction site in order to reduce as far as possible dust
diffusion range and the influence of dust on residents living nearby. When the wind speed is too large,
construction operation may be stopped and measures such as covering shall be adopted for construction
materials such as stockpiled sand and gravel.
After the adoption of air pollution control measures during the construction period, there is less influence of
the project on environment
6.6.3 Impact analysis for construction noises
(1) Assessment scope and assessment standards
During the construction, the assessment scope of acoustic environmental impact includes the range of 50m
surrounding the construction site of the proposed project as well as the construction machinery. Noise Limits
for Construction Sites (GB12523-90) will be adopted for the assessment.
Table 6.6-3 Main tasks during the construction
No.: Construction tasks Main activities
1 Support facilities for the field Build boundary fences and on-site offices
construction
2 Site construction (cut and fill) Foundation excavation, bulldozing and compaction with
rollers
3 Site preparation Site preparation and excavation, excavation with excavators
and earthmoving with trucks
4 Load and transport system of Proportioning of concrete, mixing with mixers, loading and
construction batches unloading with lift trucks, etc.
5 Soil quarrying and transportation of Soil quarrying, transportation of waste slag and loading and
waste slag. unloading.
Table 6.6-4 various construction equipments and noise source strength (dB) at different distances
Features of Forecast values of noise sources
No.: Types of machines
noise sources 5m 10m 20m 40m 70m 100m
1 Wheel loaders Unstable 90 84 78 72 70 64
sources
2 Grader Mobile unstable 90 84 78 72 70 64
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sources
3 Three-wheel road rollers Mobile unstable 81 75 69 63 61 55
sources
4 Three-wheel road rollers Mobile unstable 76 70 64 58 56 50
sources
5 Viberating road rollers Mobile unstable 86 80 74 68 66 60
sources
6 Double-wheel vibratory Mobile unstable 81 75 69 63 61 55
rollers sources
7 Bulldozer Mobile unstable 87 81 75 69 67 61
sources
8 Hydraulic excavators Unstable 85 79 73 67 65 59
sources
9 Water pump Fixed stable 84 78 72 66 64 58
sources
10 Vibratory pile drivers Unstable 87 81 75 69 67 61
sources
11 Pneumatic hammers and Unstable 98 92 86 80 78 72
rock drills sources
12 20T and 40T tippers Mobile unstable 97 91 85 79 77 71
sources
13 Trucks Mobile unstable 91 85 79 73 71 65
sources
14 Fork-trucks Mobile unstable 95 89 83 77 75 69
sources
15 Fork lifts Mobile unstable 82 76 70 64 62 56
sources
16 Concrete mixers and Fixed stable 91 85 79 73 71 65
batching machines sources
17 Concrete pump Fixed stable 85 79 73 67 65 59
sources
18 Mobile cranes Mobile unstable 96 90 84 80 78 70
sources
Investigation of noise sources during construction period
The main tasks of construction see Table 7.3-1 There are many conventional equipments used during
construction. According to investigation, the machinery and equipments used in the existing construction
include excavator, earth scraper, bulldozer, road roller, agitator, and loading vehicle, etc. Table 7.3-2 the
noise-source intensity distribution a of various construction machinery.
The prediction on acoustic environmental impact during construction period
The prediction on noise source during construction period will usually be predicted and calculated as point
source. The noise value in sensitive areas with different distances from the noise sources can be estimated
according to the decay mode of point source. Prediction model is as following:
= L − 20 log ⎛ r
⎜
⎞ − a (r − r )
r0 ⎟
L 0
⎝ ⎠
Aeq po
= L − 20 log ⎛ r
⎜
⎞ − a (r − r )
r0 ⎟
L 0
⎝ ⎠
Aeq po
In the equation, LAeq is the predictive value of construction noise at a distance r [dB (A)];
Lp0 is the reference sound level[dB (A)] at r0 metres from the noise source.
a is the decay constant, dB (A);
r is the distance from the noise source, m;
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r0 is the distance of the reference point, m;
⎛ n
⎞
∑
0 .1 L
L 总 Aeq = 10 log ⎜ 10 A eq
⎟
⎝ i=1 ⎠
⎛ n
⎞
∑
0 .1 L
L 总 Aeq = 10 log ⎜ 10 A eq
⎟
⎝ i=1 ⎠
The overall sound pressure level stacked by multiple noise sources is calculated following the equation below:
where n is total number of sound sources;
L, the total Aeq, is the overall sound pressure level for a certain point.
The noises values of several major types of equipments during construction are substituted in equation above
to calculated, which results are listed in Table 10-5. It is very difficult to predict that how many equipments
will be actually input at the construction site. It is assumed that there are five kinds of equipments to be used
at the same time, after being stacked, the noises generated are used to predict the overall sound pressure level
on a certain distance, and the calculated results are listed in Table 10-6.
Table 6.6-5 Predictive noise value of a single equipment (dB)
Sequ Machinery Forecast values of noise sources
ence type
No. 5m 10m 20m 40m 50m 100m 150m 200m 300m 400m
1 Bulldozer 87 81 75 69 67 61 57.5 55 51.4 48.9
2 The on-board 96 90 84 78 76 70 66.5 64 60.4 57.9
crane
3 Hydraulic 85 79 73 67 61 55 55.5 53 49.3 46.9
excavators
4 Trucks 91 85 79 73 71 65 61.5 59 55.4 52.9
5 Mixor 91 85 79 73 71 65 61.5 59 55.4 52.9
Table 6.6-6 Overall sound pressure level of that multiple equipments run simultaneously arriving at
a location of predicted distance.
Distance 5m 10m 20m 40m 50m 100m 150m 200m 300m 400m
The overall sound 98.6 92.6 86.6 80.7 78.6 72.5 69.1 66.6 63.3 60.5
pressure level
dB(A)
(4) Analysis and evaluation of impact
Harm: Although the equipment noise generates during the construction period, it is also great harmful to
environment because of its impact feature, some with longer duration and companied by strong vibration. In
addition, the equipments input are different with progress of construction. In early phase of construction and
stage of leveling ground, driving of transport vehicles and operation of construction equipments are
decentralized, which impact of noise belongs to liquidity and volatility, therefore the impact on surrounding
environment is not obvious during this stage. Along with the increasing fixed noise sources of subsequent
fixed point excavation and construction materials mixing, running time will be longer, which will impact the
surrounding environment more and more evidently during this stage. But it depends to a great extent the
distance between construction point and sensitive points above as well as the construction duration, the
greatest impact are the less distance or construction during the night. However, the acoustic environmental
impact during construction period is short comparing with operation period, once the construction activity
ends, the construction noise will also come to an end with it.
Impact on construction staff: it can be known from results of Table 10.3-3 and Table 10.3-4, under the absence
of sound insulation facilities, if a single machine is used in construction, the noise is about 73 to 84dB at
about 100 meters from the noise source during daytime, and it will reduce below70dB at 100 meters from
noise source; if multi machines are used in construction, the noise reduces to about 80dB at 40 meters from
noise source during daytime, it will reduce below 70dB at about 150 meters from the source noise, and it can
reduce below 60dB at the place out of 400 meters; Hence, although the construction noise is at about 40
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meters from the noise source, it can achieve basically the daytime noise limit 85dB of hammers when multiple
machines are operating, but personnel within the peripheral of 20~150 meters of site scope will bear certain
acoustic environmental impact.
Impact on sensitive points: in case of no sound insulating facilities and a clear environment from the sensitive
points, a single machine produces noise at 60-70dB at 50m during construction, while the noise can reach
about 78dB at 50m if multiple machines work, the noise level is about 70dB at 150m and attenuates to about
66dB at 200m. Therefore, the noise of sensitive points within 300 meters around the peripheral of
construction point will be in 60~78dB during construction phase. It basically complies with the daytime noise
limits according to evaluation of Standard for noise limits for the construction site for urban areas. As there is
no environmental sensitive point within 500m of the evaluation scope, the construction noise will not impact
the surrounding residents. In addition, villages surrounding transport routes will suffer from acoustic
environmental impact from transport vehicles, because the construction will stop at night, the acoustic
environmental impact of vehicles is smaller during night anyway.
(5) Protective measures
In order to reduce environmental acoustic environmental impact during construction period, the following
control measures can be taken:
(1) Enhance construction management; arrange reasonably construction time; to stagger the use time of
high-intensity noise equipments as far as possible; to prohibit high-noise construction during night operations
to reduce possible adverse impact of construction noise.
(2) Apply hydraulic tools in stead of pneumatic ones as much as possible to reduce construction noise source
intensity.
(3) Set up shelters around high noise equipments.
(4) Minimize vehicles number in construction area and traffic density as much as possible, control vehicle
whistles.
(5) Make labor protection well, making workers operating near noise sources wear protective earplugs.
Generally, the noise makes less impact to environment during project construction period after control
measures above are taken.
6.6.4 Analysis on Environmental Impact of Solid Waste
The solid wastes during construction period are work spoil and residue generated primarily from work
excavation and living garbage from construction personnel. The following measures can be taken:
(1) Since no camp is established, living garbage from construction personnel can be brought into the
environmental sanitation collecting and disposal system in plant area for processing according to the
requirements of living quarter,.
(2) Since no borrow and spoil field will be established, the construction organ shall make earthwork balance
in construction site as far as possible.
(3) The construction waste can be piled at specified field temporarily in construction site, and transported
outward regularly to location designated for landfill, which is abandoned randomly is not allowed.
(4) After finishing construction, the construction site is required to be cleaned up promptly; the temporary
building as temporary sheds shall be demolished, and waste materials must be sent to disposal site designated.
Since the solid waste produced during construction period is little, it has smaller environmental impact after
implementing of measures above.
6.6.5 Analysis on impact of soil erosion
6.6.5.1 Analysis on environmental impact of soil erosion
Wastewater during construction project is mainly surface runoff of the heavy rain, construction wastewater
and domestic sewage. Construction wastewater includes the slurry water generated from processes of
foundation and road excavation and workshop construction, cooling and washing water from operation of
machinery and equipments; domestic sewage includes the irrigation water of construction personnel,
temporary canteen and toilet. The rainy season is mainly from May to August. The summer rainstorms are
concentrated, and rainfalls have high intensity and frequency. These weather conditions bring adverse impact
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to soil erosion during the construction period of project. As there are works of excavation and fill operation
during construction process, scour by rainfall will generate serious soil erosion if control is not enhanced.
Scouring of loosen soil, construction sand and gravel, garbage, the surface runoff will not only entrain soil
and sand, but also carry various pollutants of cement and a little oil, which will bring short-term impact to
quality of surrounding marine water.
6.6.5.2 The control measure and control scheme on soil erosion
(1) During construction, the balance of earth and rock engineering shall be got as far as possible, reducing
spoil. The design of drainages, interception of water, preventing from soil erosion shall be made well to
prevent water and soil from flowing into surrounding marine area.
(2) During construction, the construction plan, construction procedure shall be arranged reasonably, and
construction steps shall be coordinated. Excavating work surface shall be minimized during rainy season, in
order to avoid being scoured directly by rain. During storm period, emergency measures shall be also taken,
covering the soil surface excavated newly with mulch as far as possible to prevent from erosion.
(3) The soil material shall be tried to be filled with pressure in plant area and road construction site,
without leaving loosen soil. Meanwhile, the side ditch is required to be excavated. The filling works shall be
concentrated as far as possible avoiding heavy rain period.
(4) Catchment and desanding pool corresponding volume and drainage ditch are required to be built in
construction site to collect surface runoff and slurry water produced during construction process, which shall
be discharged into the drainage ditch after pretreatment of desanding, slag removal and oil separation.
(5) During construction, the equipments need to be repaired shall be transferred to the equipment
maintenance location designated to repair, in order to avoid wastewater containing oil to pollute surrounding
marine area as far as possible; moreover, temporary toilets shall be set up at construction site, and cleaned
regularly, what cleaned out is sent to the disposal site designated.
(6) The trucks transporting soil and gravel are required to be maintained well, which shall not be loaded too
full in order to ensure not to be scattered out during the transporting process.
(7) The clear space not set up with workshops shall be plant trees and turf during construction for
afforesting.
To conclude, noise, waste gas, wastewater and solid waste will have a certain impact to the environment
during construction period, but construction period is not very long, therefore the pollution during
construction period is temporary, such kind of pollution can be removed after the end of construction.
Environment will not be got adverse impact significantly during construction period, as long as organizational
work is done well by construction organ to conduct civilized construction, and implement all environmental
protection measures above pressingly.
6.6.6 Environment supervision during construction
It can be known from analysis on environment impact during construction period in sections, certain
wastewater (including construction wastewater, domestic sewage, cleaning wastewater from construction site),
waste gas (primarily dust), noise pollution will generate during construction project, and a certain extent soil
erosion will result within scope of the project. In order to protect quality of local environment, principal of the
Third Party organ with corresponding qualifications is required to supervise the implementation of
environmental protection measures(including treatment measures and management system) during
construction of the project, i.e. to conduct environmental supervision during construction period, implement
mandatorily environmental protective measures, to strengthen environmental management of these
infrastructural projects during construction period.
Qualified organ shall implement strictly environmental supervision in accordance with the System of
Environmental Supervision (Trial) Huan Jian (1996)No. 888. The land used temporarily of borrowing and
spoiling field, construction sidewalk newly opened, and temporary resident shall be strengthened to audit. On
one hand, the environment supervisor shall strengthen contact with land resource, and environmental
protection departments of local government, strengthen monitor, management, and coordination to contractors,
particularly eliminating phenomenon of random mining. On the other hand, temporary land used must be
audited by the environmental supervising engineer to examine whether its position meets the environmental
requirement in accordance with relevant contract documents, laws and standards, on which construction only
can be started after completing the examination and verification. During the course of construction,
subsections and branch projects must be reported with environmental protection measures before construction.
The supervisor will not permit the starting of construction till the environmental supervision engineer
signature exams and agrees with signature; the environmental supervision engineer monitors the
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implementation of environmental protection measures by verification regularly and irregularly; the
completion acceptance of subsections and branch projects is required for signature recognition of
environmental supervision engineer by the same way.
Implementation of week examine, weekly report, and monthly examine, monthly report system, the
environmental issues table of construction period the project is worked out, on which will be marked with
environmental issues found in daily inspection. The environmental issues dynamic graph shall be drawn
according to the issues occurred weekly; the improved monthly examination table shall be worked out, to
mark implementation effect of environmental protection measures of each type and bid section along the line,
analyze comprehensively implementation effect and inadequate aspect of environmental protection measures
of each bid section within one month, offering the targeted basis for implementing environmental supervision
next step.
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7 Risk Assessments
Environmental Risk Assessment, commonly known as accident risk assessment, primarily considers projects
related sudden disasters, including flammable/explosive material, organic toxicants, and uncontrolled leakage
of radioactive substances. Although the probability of such a catastrophic accident is small, the extent of its
impact is often tremendous.
At present, China is right at the outset of a transformation period, with high-speed socio-economic
development, following the implementation of the reform and opening-up policies. Some of China's regional
economies have been developing blindly and this has brought tremendous pressure to bear on the task of
environmental protection. The reality in recent years shows that China has entered a high-frequency period of
pollution accidents. Therefore, on December 11, 2004, China has ratified and implemented the Technical
Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment on Projects (HJ / T169-2004). Then, the State Environmental
Protection Administration announced its Notification on The Strengthening of Environmental Impact
Assessment Management & Environmental Risk Prevention (Ministry of Environmental Protection of the
People’s Republic of China, 2005, No.(125)), and Notification on The Assessment of Environmental Risks of
Chemical, Petrochemical, and Other New Projects (Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s
Republic of China, [ 2006] No.(4)), which emphasizes the work of environmental risk assessment.
This CDQ (Coke Dry Quenching) project does not involve toxic and hazardous substances throughout its
whole operation. There will not be an occurrence of human injury due to leakage of toxic substances. But
there may be a risk of excessive dust emission caused by depressurization of circulating gases.
Although the main foundation of the CDQ project, a 4.3m coke oven, is outside the scope of the assessment,
the risk assessment chapters will give a simple analysis of it. The 4.3m coke oven transforms coking coal into
coke and Coke Oven Gas (COG); these are to meet the needs of some manufacturing processes in iron and
steel plants. According to a survey on domestic iron and steel plants, the pollution which may have a big
impact on the environment comes mostly from the coke oven’s non-normal emission, followed by gas leakage
of the coke oven.
The risk assessment only focuses on the 4.3m coke oven and the CDQ.
7.1 Risk identification and analysis
7.1.1 Material hazard identification of the Project
All the substances involved in the system operation of 4.3m coke oven include coal, and a mixture fuel of
blast-furnace gas and COG, as well as the Coke Oven Gas which is produced in the coking process.
Table 7.1-1 and 7.1-2 list the main composition of COG and Blast Furnace Gas involved in the Project.
Table 7.1-1 Coke Gas Composition Analysis
Items C0 C02 N2 H2 02 CH4 H2S Tar Naphtha Moisture NH3
mg/Nm3 lene mg/Nm3 mg/Nm3
mg/Nm3
After 6.2 2.0 4.8 58.5 0.8 2.2 20 200 60 Saturation 30
purification
Value %
Concentratio 600 1800 4500 5500 600 18000 20 200 60 Saturation 30
n mg/Nm3 00 0 0 00 0
Table 7.1-2 Blast Furnace Gas Composition Analysis
Items C0 C02 N2 H2 02 CH4 H2s Dust Pressure
mg/Nm3 concentra Kpa
tion
mg/Nm3
Value % 28 14 56.5 0.5 0.8 0.2 200 <10 4-8
Concentra 350,000 275, 706,000 178 11,428 1,428 200 10
tion 000
mg/Nm3
It can be seen from Table 7.1-1 that, after purification, the H2 content of COG is 58.5%, its concentration is
550,000 mg/m3, which make it a inflammable substance; CO content is 6.2%, and its concentration is 60,000
mg/m3, which make it a toxic and hazardous substance; H2S concentration is 20 mg/m3, which make it toxic
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and hazardous; the heat value of COG is 4,100 kcal/Nm3. H2S concentration of Coke Oven Gas before
purification is 1500 mg/m3, NH3 concentration is 350 mg/m3.
It can be seen from Table 7.1-2 that, in Blast Furnace Gas, the CO content is 28%, the concentration is
350mg/m3, which make it a toxic and hazardous substance; H2 content is 0.5%, the concentration is 178
mg/m3, which make it an inflammable/explosive substance. Thermal value of Blast Furnace Gas is 3,140 kcal
/ Nm3.
Table 7.1-4 lists the hazards, and the contingency measures, of the main hazardous composites of Coke Oven
Gas, Blast Furnace Gas; Table 7.1-3 lists the relevant standards of various toxic substances.
Data in the Tables coming from:
Safety Data Sheet for Chemical Products;
Grade of Hazard Degree of Occupational Contact to Poisons GB5044-85;
User Manual for Hazardous Chemical Products;
Safety Manual for Petrochemical Raw Materials and Products;
A Toxicity Book of Chemical Substances
Dangerous Chemicals List (2002 version).
7.1-3Relevant standards of the various composites of Blast Furnace Gas
Maximum allowable air Maximum permissible
Ambient Air Quality
concentration of harmful concentration of harmful
Substances Standard (mean
substances in workshop, substances for residential
3 value/hour ) mg/Nm3
mg/Nm area atmosphere
3(primaryvalue)
CO 30 10
1.(daily average)
United States
CO / /
9000
The former Soviet Union
CH4 / /
300
H2S 10 0.01
Based on Table 7.1-4, make an analysis comparison of fire/explosiveness of relevant materials and products,
and screen out H2 in the Coke Oven Gas as a target for fire/explosiveness analysis. Based on analysis of the
characteristics of toxic substances, select CO, H2S, as targets for analysis on leakage of toxic substances.
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Determine the maximum credible accident relevant to the material selected.
Table 7.1-4 Hazards of main dangerous substances in all gas components and their emergency measures
Dangerous substances Major hazards Contingency measures and measures to eliminate toxicity
CO Danger mark: 4 (combustible gas) invasion path: Emergency measures in case of leakage: rapid evacuation of
inhalation. personnel in the leakage / contaminated areas and move upwind of
Health hazard: CO combines with the hemoglobin in the the release point, immediately cordon off and keep a distance of 150
blood and results in oxygen deficit in the tissues m, strictly restrict access. Cut off source of ignition. Cut off source of
leakage as far as possible. Reasonable ventilation to accelerate
Acute poisoning: causing headache, vomiting and
dispersion. Use water spray (fog) to dilute and dissolve the leaking
inability in the lightly-poisoned. In moderate poisoning,
gas. Build a dike, or trenching, to collect large volumes of wastewater
the patient may fall into a coma in addition to the above
generated. If possible, use exhaust fan to transport leaking gas to an
symptoms. Patients with severe poisoning may become
open area or install a suitable nozzle to burn it. A pipeline may be
unconscious with symptoms of narrowed pupils, increased
used to conduct the gas to a furnace or a concave area to burn it. The
muscle tension, frequent seizures, incontinence, etc.
leaking container should be handled properly, and reused only after
Severe poisoning can be fatal.
repair and test.
Acute toxicity: LC502069mg/m3, 4 hours (inhalation by
Protective measures: when concentration in the air exceeds standard
rat )
level, wear self-inhalation filter type protective gas mask (half-mask).
Pollution sources: The main sources of CO pollution are In emergency rescue or evacuation, it is recommended to wear air
coke smelting, steel smelting, iron smelting, and mine respirators, filter self-rescuer for carbon monoxide.
blasting of the metallurgic industry; synthesized
Emergency measures: Inhalation: immediately escape from the site of
ammonia, synthesized methanol, and graphite electrode
exposure to a place with fresh air. Keep the respiratorytract
manufacturing of carbon factories of the chemical
unobstructed. For breathing difficulty, feed oxygen. For respiratory or
industry. CO gas is produced by automobile exhaust, gas
cardiac arrest, immediately make use of artificial respiration and
furnace, and the incomplete combustion of all carbonic
external chest cardiac massage. For medical treatment.
substances (including those from family coal stove).
Fire extinguishing method: cutting off gas source. If the gas source
Hazards characteristics: It is a flammable and explosive
cannot be immediately cut off, it is not allowed to extinguish burning
gas. If mixed with air, an explosive mixture can be formed
gas. Spray water to cool the container, and, if possible, move the
and may cause combustion and explosion if coming in
container from the site of fire to an open space. Fire extinguishing
contact with fire or excessive heat.
agent: mist of water, foam, carbon dioxide, dry powder.
Combustion (decomposition) products: carbon dioxide.
CO2 Way of exposure: inhalation.
Health hazard: at low levels, it stimulates the respiratory Fire extinguishing method: it is noncombustible. Cut off the gas
backbone; at high levels, it inhibits and even paralyzes the source.
respiratory backbone. Hypoxia is also found in the
poisoning mechanism
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Acute intoxication: when one enters an environment with
a high concentration of carbon dioxide, he/she quickly
faints and falls in several seconds, and in more severe
cases, he/she stops breathing, suffers a shock or even dies.
N2 Way of exposure: inhalation. Fire extinguishing method: it is noncombustible. Cut off the gas
Health hazard: an excessive concentration of nitrogen in source
the air reduces the pressure of inhaled oxygen and results
in oxygen deficit and suffocation.
H2 Danger mark: 4 (combustible gas) invasion path: Fire extinguishing method: cutting off gas source. If the gas source
inhalation. cannot be immediately cut off, it is not allowed to extinguish burning
Health hazard: this compound is an inert gas gas. Spray water to cool the container, and, if possible, move the
physiologically, and results in suffocation due to the container from the site of fire to an open space. Fire extinguishing
reduction of the oxygen pressure in the air only at high agent: mist of water, foam, carbon dioxide, dry powder.
levels of concentration.
CH4 Hazardous Goods serial number: 21007 Fire extinguishing method: cutting off gas source. If the gas
Way of exposure: inhalation. source cannot be immediately cut off, it is not allowed to extinguish
burning gas. Spray water to cool the container, and, if possible, move
Health hazards: Methane is basically non-toxic for humans, but
the container from the site of fire to an open space. Fire extinguishing
in excessive concentrations, it may cause asphyxiation due to a
agent: mist of water, foam, carbon dioxide, dry powder.
significant drop of oxygen content in the air.
Danger characteristics: it is combustible, and turns into an
explosive mixture when mixed with the air. It is vulnerable to
combustion and explosion when encountering heat sources and
open fires.
Derivatives of combustion (decomposition): carbon
monoxide, carbon dioxide.
H2 S Way of exposure: inhalation. Rapid evacuation of personnel in the leakage / contaminated areas
and move upwind of the release point; immediately cordon off the
Health hazard: this compound is an intensive neural
area; for minor leakage, a distance of 150m, for major leakage, 300m,
toxin, and has a strong stimuli to mucous membranes.
strictly restricts access. Cut off source of ignition. Recommend the
Strong nerve poison, which has a strong stimulating effect emergency personnel to wear positive-pressure self-contained
on the mucosa. LC50618mg/m3 (inhalation by rat). It respirator and gas protective clothing. Approach the site from
belongs to the highly toxic substance. Inhalation of high upwind. Cut off source of leakage as far as possible. Reasonable
concentrations of H2S causes tears, eye pain, visual ventilation to accelerate dispersion. Use water spray (fog) to dilute
fuzziness, sensation of throat burning, cough, chest and dissolve the leaking gas. Build a dike, or trenching, to collect
tightness, headache and vague awareness, etc. Some large volumes of wastewater generated. If possible, use exhaust fan to
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patients may have myocardial damage. In severe cases, transport the remaining gas or leaking gas to a water-washing tower
cerebral edema and pulmonary edema may appear. or a ventilation cabinet connected to the tower. Or make it pass
Exposure to excessive high concentration (above 1,000 through ferric chloride aqueous solution in a pipe which is equipped
mg/m3) of the gas may cause sudden coma in a few with a back-brake device to prevent the solution sucking back in. The
seconds, respiratory and cardiac arrests, and die. Eye leaking container should be handled properly, and reused only after
mucous membrane exposure to high concentration of the repair and test.
gas causes edema and corneal ulcer. Long-term, low
concentration exposure causes neurasthenic syndrome and
autonomic dysfunction.
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7.1.2 Hazard identification of production facilities involved in this project
The CDQ project mainly involves production facilities of 140t/h CDQ furnaces, Q=80t/h CDQ boilers,
and steam turbine power stations; according to the conclusions of safety assessment, the risk possibility
of fire and leakage is very small in the CDQ work section.
4.3m coke oven: coke production uses coking coal, after washing and crushed to the required fineness,
which is fed into coking chamber from the top of coke oven. After high-temperatures carbonization,
coke is gained. During coking process, crude gas or raw coal gas is produced after the high-temperature
carbonization and then exported from the coking chamber for recovering chemical products and
purification before returned to the coke oven or for other use as fuel, commonly known as Coke Oven
Gas or recycled coal gas.
Abnormal coke oven emissions mainly refer to raw gas emission accident; because there is no coke
oven gas holder in coking plant, COG leakage is primarily due to leakage in gas pipeline. Therefore,
the risk factors of 4.3m coke oven primarily involve crude gas and Coke Oven Gas.
7.1.3 Identification of major hazard installations
7.1.3.1 Basis on which to identify major hazard installations
Major hazard installations refer to units (including venues and facilities) which are engaged in
long-term or temporary production, handling, use or storage of Hazardous Goods, the amount of which
equal or exceed threshold quantity.
"Identification of Major Hazard Installations (GB18218-2000), Technical Guidelines for
Environmental Risk Assessment on Projects shall serve as basis for identification.
Unit refers to a unit (set) of production equipment, devices or place, or that belonging to same plant and
locating at the place where the intervals of these production equipment, device or places are less than
500m.
If there exists a single variety of hazardous goods in a unit, the quantity of which shall be deemed as
the amount total of hazardous goods in the unit, which, if it equals or exceeds the threshold quantity,
the unit is then identified as a Major Hazard Installation.
A variety of substances are stored in the Unit with the Project, the calculation of which, if satisfies the
following equation, shall categorize the Unit a Major Hazard Installation.
Where: --Actual amount of every kind of hazardous substance in existence, t.
-- the threshold quantities of production or storage facilities which
correspond to a variety of hazardous substances, t.
7.1.3.2 The result of the identification of major hazard installations
This CDQ project is quite simple considering the amount of equipment and the technical process
involved; from the point of view of the general layout, there is no storage/transportation facilities and
auxiliary equipment, excepting the storage/transportation facilities for 4.3m coke oven which are not
included in the scope of this risk assessment. The above methodology is applied for identification of
hazard installations for the Project, see Table 7.1-5.
Table 7.1-5 Identification List of Major Hazard Installations
Category Substance properties Threshold Actual q/Q Name of Substance
quantity Q existing q (quantity)
CO (amount of Blast Furnace
2t 3.4t 1.71
Gas by 0.1 s )
Flammabl Flash point <28
e liquids in H2 (amount of Coke Oven Gas
2t 4.08t 2.04
production by 0.1 s )
locations 28 ≤ flash point H2S (amount of Coke Oven
10 t 0.2t 0.02 Gas by 0.1 s )
＜60
Toxic Highly toxic product 100 g / /
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substances Toxic product 10 kg / /
in
production CO 3.4t, H2S 0.2t
Hazardous product 2t 3.6t 1.2
locations,
≥0.1MPa，
Pressure
PV≥100 PV 5.5 0.068
container
MPa m3
∑q/Q 5.1
Identification of major hazardous sources of flammable and explosive substances: In Table 7.1-5, the
sum of flammable liquid in the production site is 3.23, which is not classified as major hazardous
source. The only indicator exceeding the critical quantity is 3.4t for CO, 4.08t for H2.
Identification of major hazardous sources in terms of toxic substances: In Table 7.1-5, the sum of all
the toxic and hazardous substances in the production site is 1.2, which is classified as major hazardous
source. The substance exceeding the critical quantity is 3.4t for CO.
According to Identification of Major Hazard Installations (GB18218-2000) and Guidance on
Supervision and Management of Major Hazard Installations (SAWSS [2004] No. 56), flammable
medium of pressurized containers with maximum working pressure 100kPa, and pressure containers
with PV 100000kPa*m3 are major hazard sources.
To sum up, the major hazard sources of this Project are Coke Oven Gas, Blast Furnace Gas;
substances which exceed the threshold quantity are carbon monoxide; the types of accidents are
explosion, fire and toxic leakage.
7.1.3Grade and scope of the assessment
(1) Assessment Grades
According to ratings used by Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment on Projects
(HJ/T169-2004), the raw materials and products involved in the Project includes a variety of flammable,
explosive and toxic chemicals. Thus, with reference to Table 7.1-6, according to Identification of Major
Hazard InstallationsGB18218-2000, the risk assessment work rating is of thegrade I.
Table 7.1-6 Assessment work grade (Grade I, II)
Combustible,
Hypertoxin risk Dangerous flammable Explosion hazard
substances of
Substances general toxicity Dangerous Substances
substances
Non-significant risk
I II I I
source
Non-significant risk
II II II II
source
Environmentally
I I I I
sensitive areas
(2)Scope and focus of assessment
The scope of the assessment: risk assessment of environmental air quality shall be based on the
requirements of the Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China [2006] 4th
document and its Guidelines, which determine a range of 5km from the source point.
The scope of surface water risk assessment shall be determined on the water body based on an
enterprise’s final program for wastewater emission, ;
The focuses of the assessment: environmental risks to the atmosphere, soil, water and health risks to
the public and employees due to leakage, spills, fires of flammable, toxic materials; based on the
assessment results, protection distance requirements and relocation range shall be proposed and
measures taken for prevention, mitigation and emergency responses.
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(3) Assessment Methods
Through risk analysis, the risk assessment of the Project shall adopt means of analog analysis and
simulation to predict on the impact of the potential consequences of toxic leakage.
Prediction shall be made on leakage and spread of toxic substances in a way as recommended by the
Guidelines, as well as the identification of hazardous and endangered regions. At the same time, the
consequences to humans of the accident shall be assessed taking into account the different
concentrations of toxic substances, in order to determine hazardous or endangered regions and take
necessary safety precautions.
7.2 Analysis and Forecast on Environmental Risk Impact
7.2.1 Determination of Maximum Credible Accident
According to the definition of HJ/T-2004 stipulated in Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk
Assessment on Projects, the maximum credible accident refers to the most heavily accident resulted in
the environmental (or healthy) damage. While the heavy accident is refer to the accident caused by fire,
explosion and leakage of toxic and hazardous compounds, so it brings a serious damage to public and
arises a severe pollution problem to environment.
According to the operational log of blast furnace system in SGIS and coke-oven plant between 1991
and 2006, the number of gas-poisoning accidents was totaled 16. (See the accidents cause summary in
table 7.2-1).
Table 7.2-1 SGIS Gas-poisoning Incidents in 1991-2006
Time Location Causes Accident Consequences
Jul. 30, 1991 The angle of No. 1 The reason for it was the failure to One maintenance worker
blast furnace take the proper protective measures has suffered from gas
distributor has been under maintenance (artificial cause). poisoning but without
maintained. injuries and deaths.
Dec. 22, 1996 The No. 1 blast Owing to pipeline leakage and One person has been
furnace has been Equipment ageing poisoned, but without
changed the water injuries and deaths.
pipe connector
(tuyere area).
Jan. 12, 1997 The charging floor Owing to the shell of blast furnace has The poisoning incident has
of No. 4 blast not been welding-repaired and failed happened but without
furnace to find timely injuries and deaths.
Apr. 4, 2001 The sealing The inadequate sealing caused the gas This case has been found
platform of No. 5 leakage. timely.
blast furnace
Jul. 9, 2002 The large bell of The large bell had not been Causing staff poisoning.
No. 2 blast furnace maintained for a long time, which
caused equipment ageing.
The south trial rod One worker has suffered from gas One worker has suffered
of No. 1 blast poisoning because of the equipment from the poisoning.
furnace ageing and the older age of No. 1 blast
Aug. 30, 2002 furnace.
The east cinder The gas leakage was due to the This case has been found
outlet of No.5 blast artificial negligence of valve control at and has not caused serious
Sept. 9, 2002 furnace the time of tapping. consequence.
The bell chamber of The blast furnace top is the One worker has suffered
Dec. 24, 2002 No. 1 blast furnace weaknesses for maintenance. from the poisoning.
The No. 1 blast The furnace throat has not been /
furnace throat maintained for a long time, which
caused equipment ageing and gas
Feb. 25, 2003 leakage when starting the blast
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furnace.
The No. 6 blast When the furnace top pressure /
furnace top changed, it is failed to be controlled so
Dec. 16, 2005 as to occur the gas leakage.
Dispersing pipes of The obsolete equipment and untightly Causing staff poisoning.
NO. 1 coke oven sealing caused the gas leakage.
Oct. 22, 1995 gas
Dispersing pipes of The obsolete equipment and untight Causing staff poisoning.
NO. 3 coke oven sealing caused the gas leakage.
Nov. 10, 1997 gas
Dispersing pipes of The obsolete equipment and untight One worker has suffered
NO. 2 coke oven sealing caused the gas leakage. from the poisoning.
May 6, 2001 gas
Gas washing Owing to pipeline leakage and This case has been found
pipeline Equipment ageing. and has not caused serious
May 9, 2002 consequence.
The valve of gas Owing to pipeline leakage and This case has been found
washing pipeline Equipment ageing. and has not caused serious
Jun. 20, 2003 consequence.
The furnace top The obsolete equipment and the This case has been found
leakage of No. 3 pipeline leakage and has not caused serious
Dec. 16, 2005 blast furnace consequence.
Since the coke oven gas has an inflammable and explosive characteristic, in the event of gas-pipeline
network accident, which will tend to brings a heavy accident, the possible accidents include:
1) The leakage caused by the external force in collision with the gas pipeline;
2) The leakage caused by the corrosive and ageing gas pipeline;
3) After a long-term running, the pipes quality problems have been revealed, such as welding scar,
double skins and crackles, etc.
4) The fracture of pressure regulator, ventilator and indoor pipelines was caused by various factors,
such as earthquake, the collapse of roof cover plate and heavy raps by workers;
5) The gas pressure has sharp fallen resulted from pipeline fracture, which lead to users tempering
explosion.
So the main dangerous facilities and major hazard in coke-oven plant is coke oven gas pipelines with a
maximum diameter of 2.6m and a pressure of 100-500mm water column.
As seen in Table 7.2-1, all accidents have caused staff poisoning but without injuries and deaths, and
those who suffered from the poisoning are within 10m of major hazard; the accident consequences have
not brought fire, explosion and great environmental loss.
According to the statistical result of Table 7.2-1 and the identification result for major hazard
showed in 7.1-3, the center of whole coke oven system and gas washing system all furnished with
the nitrogen sealing equipment and monitoring device, so the most possible leakage point that
could lead to accident is located at pipeline segment.
The coke oven body integrate with crude gas discharging will arise a threat for environment and
the risk accident may caused by coke oven gas leakage. For crude gas discharging and gas
leakage risk, forecast and assessment should be made as well as coke dry quenching portion and
dust leakage from recycle gas discharging.
7.2.2 The Source Intensity of Maximum Credible Accident
According to the recommended formula in Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment on
Projects (HJ/T169-2004), the gas leaking rate from the gap is associated with its flowage. Therefore,
in the middle of calculating the leakage rate, the gas flowage should be initially judged as acoustic
speed or subsonic speed, then the former is termed as critical flow and the latter is termed as
sub-critical flow.
When the gas flowed in the acoustic speed, its leakage rate should be calculated with the formula 2-1:
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K +1
MK ⎛ 2 ⎞ K −1
Q0 = Cd Aρ ⎜ ⎟
RT ⎝ K + 1 ⎠
(2-1)
When the gas flowed in the subsonic speed, its leakage rate should be calculated with the formula 2-2:
K +1
MK ⎛ 2 ⎞ K −1
Q0 = YCd Aρ ⎜ ⎟
RT ⎝ K + 1 ⎠
(2-2)
In the equation: Y-Gas expansion coefficient;
M--molecular weight;
ρ-gas density, kg/m3;
R-gas constant, J/mol•K;
T-gas temperature, K;
K--adiabatic exponent of gas.
Nowadays, the accident responding time of internal petrochemical corporation is usually between 10
and 30 minutes, the most key equipments and control systems with advanced world standard of this
project will be introduced from abroad directly. The accident responding time and capability of the new
equipments will be improved compared with internal current standard, and the emergency treatment
time can be shortened to ten minutes.
In addition, according to the recommend from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), when
calculation of the leakage material caused by the petrochemical fire and explosion, the leakage time
should be calculated by ten minutes.
Table 7.2-2 Source intensity of coke oven body accident
Accident Whether the
Leakage rate Release
Attention Leakage time Leakage type prediction
Device name amount height
Substances (min) rate (kg) has been
(kg/s) (m)
conducted
Toxicant Non
CO 10 6.8 4,080 15
leakage predication
Crude gas in
Toxicant Predication
coke oven H 2S 10 140 84,000 15
leakage
system
Fire Non
H2 10 700 42,000 15
predication
The blast Toxicant Predication
furnace gas leakage
CO 10 36 21,600 15
of coke oven
fuel system
Provided that the pore size of fracture segment was 20×20mm, in this case it is not predicated since the
associated smoke and gas has less toxicity; The crude gas from coke oven gas system contains less CO
than blast furnace, so the CO leakage could be predicted from the blast furnace gas system only.
Owing to the uneven distribution of coke powder or the inert gas in short supply caused the instable
pressure in recycle gas pipeline. Under such working condition, the assessment assumed the duration as
15 minutes, see table 7.1-3 below for the source intensity.
7.2-3Source Intensity of Coke Dry Quenching
Gas Smoke Producing Discharging Duration
Pollution Resources Pollutants Exhausting Flowing Concentra Efficiency Time
Pipes m m3/h tion kg/h Min
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g/m3
Instable Pressures for the
Dust, N2 20 125,000 1~2 250 15
Recycling Gas Pipes
Note: The height of the Gas Exhausting Pipes is the height of the Bleeding Outlets of the Pressure
Relief Points.
7.2.3. Accident Consequence Forecast
7.2.3.1 Forecast model
In this risk assessment，the calculation of poison gas diffusion has been adopted the multi-puff formula
recommended in risk Guidelines Under the windy condition:
2Q ⎡ ( x − x o )2 ⎤ ⎡ ( y − y o )2 ⎤ ⎡ zo ⎤
2
C (x , y , o ) = exp ⎢ − ⎥ exp ⎢ − ⎥ exp ⎢ − 2 ⎥
(2π )3 / 2 σ x σ y σ z ⎢
⎣ 2σ x ⎥
2
⎦ ⎢
⎣ 2σ y
2
⎥
⎦ ⎣ 2σ z ⎦
Where
C--pollutant concentration (mg/m3) in the air at the down wind ground coordinate (x，y).)；
x o , y o , z o --Puff center coordinate;
Q--the puff discharge amount in the period of accident;
σX, σy, σz--refer to the diffusion parameter of X, Y, Z direction (m). Usually take
The risk accident happened under calm wind condition should be adopted multi-puff mode under the
changing weather condition:
Q γ2 He 2
C ( x, y ) = exp(− 2 ) ⋅ exp(− 2 )
(2π 3 )1 / 2 ⋅ x ⋅ V * ⋅σ z 2σ y 2σ Z
Where
V*--dispersion rate at average level, set the value as 0.7m/s under the calculation.
In case of accident source intensity keeps a long time discharge (several hours or several days), Gauss
plume formula can be adopted for calculation:
Q y r2 ⎧ ⎡ ( z s + Δh − z r ) 2 ⎤
⎪ ⎡ ( z s + Δh + z r ) 2 ⎤ ⎫
⎪
C= exp(− 2 )⎨exp ⎢− ⎥ + exp ⎢− ⎥⎬
2πuσ y σ z 2σ y ⎪ ⎣
⎩ 2σ z
2
⎦ ⎣ 2σ z
2
⎦⎪⎭
Where
C--the concentration generated at receiving station r (xr,yr,zr) from point source S(0,0,Zs).
Short-term diffusion factor (C/Q) can be expressed as:
1 yr2 ⎧ ⎡ (zs + Δh − zr )2 ⎤
⎪ ⎡ (zs + Δh + zr )2 ⎤⎫
⎪
(C / Q) = −
exp( 2 )⎨exp −
⎢ ⎥ + exp −
⎢ ⎥⎬)
2πuσ yσz 2σ y ⎪ ⎣
⎩ 2σ z2 ⎦ ⎣ 2σ z2 ⎦⎪
⎭
Where
Q--pollutant release rate;
Δh --Smoke plume rising height;
σy σz
, --Diffusion parameters of both horizontal direction and Vertical direction at down wind
distance,
Diffusion parameter can be calculated according to the following formula:
σ j ,k = σ j ,k (τ k ) − σ j ,k (τ k −1 )
7.2.3.2 Analysis for Calculated Result of Toxic Gas Diffusion
(1) Assessment Standards
In view of the limitations of research data on current toxicology，the chronic damage result in present,
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such as acute death, and wounds, disability, teratogenesis and Carcinogenesis caused by non-acute
death is still not count in the Risk value calculation, and according to the PC-STEL specified in
Occupational Exposure Limit for Hazardous Agents in the Workplace (GBZ2), the safety evacuation
distance should be given.
For the related standard of toxic material covered in this assessment, please see table 7.2-4.
Table 7.2-4 Regulation on Related Criterion for Leakage
The name of Harmful degree for
Source Concentration (mg/m3)
hazardous substance human body
The rat will be die if it
LC50 2,069
inhales after 4h
STEL (the maximum
permissible
concentration of 30
harmful substances
for workshop air)
CO GBZ2-2002(TJ36-79)
Maximum permissible
concentration of 3 mg/m3(one-time
harmful substances for value)
residential area 1 mg/m3(day average)
atmosphere
Implementing standard Daily mean value 4
GB3092-1996
for class-2 region Hourly mean value 10
The rat will be die if it
LC50 518
inhales after 4h
The maximum
permissible
10
concentration for
workshop
TJ36-79 Maximum permissible
H2S concentration of
harmful substances for 0.1 (primary value)
residential area
atmosphere
Standard for Odor
Pollutants at Boundary
GB14554-93 Level-2 0.06~0.10
of Industrial
Enterprises
Calculation results
Table 7.2-5 Predicting results of concentration increase for the ground axis along leeward
direction with CO leakage accident (mg/m3)
Meteorological condition Windy (2.0m/s) Light wind (0.8m/s)
Distance (m) Class B stability Class D stability Class E stability Class B stability Class D stability Class E stability
0 0 0 0 11.553 0.7716 0.1794
100 8.6485 12.6082 17.2723 2.3646 12.2094 10.7351
200 3.6813 6.3203 10.2883 0.6103 4.4339 6.8448
300 2.012 3.764 6.9064 0.2634 2.0487 3.6327
400 1.2673 2.4969 4.9836 0.1393 1.0736 2.0094
500 0.8727 1.7802 3.7806 0.0811 0.5703 1.0826
600 0.6258 1.3357 2.9758 0.0494 0.2839 0.5249
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700 0.47 1.0411 2.4094 0.0305 0.1254 0.2151
800 0.3651 0.8355 1.995 0.0188 0.0473 0.0713
900 0.2877 0.6861 1.682 0.0115 0.0149 0.0185
1,000 0.2208 0.5711 1.4396 0.0068 0.0038 0.0037
1,200 0.107 0.3388 1.0652 0.0022 0.0001 0.0001
1,500 0.0228 0.0511 0.0951 0.0003 0 0
2,000 0.0012 0.0004 0 0 0 0
Maximum ground-level concentration 63.2 62.1 61.4 21.4 16.2 10.7
The distance from source (m) (0) (0) (0) (15) (60) (100)
Assessment Standards Allowable contacting density for a short period of time: 30mg/Nm3
Table 7.2-6 Predicting results of concentration increase for the ground axis along leeward
direction with CO leakage accident (mg/m3)
Meteorological Windy (1.7m/s) Light wind (0.8m/s)
condition
Class B Class D Class E Class B Class D Class E
Distance (m) stability stability stability stability stability stability
0 0 0 0 44.9283 3.0007 0.6975
100 33.6331 49.032 67.1701 9.1955 47.4809 41.7477
200 14.3161 24.579 40.0102 2.3732 17.2429 26.6187
300 7.8244 14.6377 26.8583 1.0242 7.9671 14.1272
400 4.9284 9.71 19.3805 0.5418 4.1751 7.8143
500 3.394 6.9228 14.7025 0.3154 2.2177 4.21
600 2.4337 5.1946 11.5725 0.1921 1.104 2.0414
700 1.8278 4.0486 9.37 0.1188 0.4876 0.8366
800 1.42 3.249 7.7583 0.0733 0.184 0.2772
900 1.1188 2.6682 6.5413 0.0445 0.0578 0.072
1,000 0.8586 2.2208 5.5983 0.0264 0.0149 0.0144
1,200 0.4162 1.3177 4.1423 0.0084 0.0005 0.0002
1,500 0.0886 0.1989 0.37 0.0011 0 0
2000 0.0048 0.0017 0 0 0 0
Maximum
ground-level
247.3 243.0 238.7 82.9 63.0 41.9
concentration
(0) (0) (0) (15) (60) (101)
The distance
from source (m)
Assessment
STEL 10mg/Nm3
Standards
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Table 7.2-7 Range for appearance of various standard concentrations with CO leakage
accident
Meteorological condition Consequences analysis CO H2S
Maximum ground concentration distance
10.23/60 35.4/60
(mg/m3)
Range of semi-lethal concentrations (m) 0 0
Exceeds the range of the highest
F stability concentrations allowed in the workshop 0 290
u=0.5m/s (m)
Exceeds the range of the standard of
240 700
second level air quality (m)
Exceeds the range of the highest
concentrations allowed in the residential 280 700
area (m)
Maximum ground concentration and 80.3 Outlet 80.3 Outlet
distance (mg/m) concentration concentration
Range of semi-lethal concentrations (m) 0 0
Exceeds the range of the highest
F stability concentrations allowed in the workshop 80 850
u=1.5m/s (m)
Exceeds the range of the standard of
800 1100
second level air quality (m)
Exceeds the range of the highest
concentrations allowed in the residential 850 1100
area (m)
Maximum ground concentration and 80.3 Outlet 80.3 Outlet
distance (mg/m) concentration concentration
Range of semi-lethal concentrations (m) 0 0
Exceeds the range of the highest
D stability concentrations allowed in the workshop 20 400
u=1.7m/s (m)
Exceeds the range of the standard of
300 1300
second level air quality (m)
Exceeds the range of the highest
concentrations allowed in the residential 390 1300
area (m)
Concentration value for various sensitive spot, please see table 7.2-8
Table 7.2-8 Concentrations various sensitive points with CO and H2S leakage accident (10min,
Class D, 1.7m/s)
CO H2S
Time of
Concentration Account for emergence
Concentration Account for %
increment % of (min)
increment (mg/m3) of Standard
(mg/m3) Standard
Old Xiaojiang
1 0.095 3.20% 0.0925 92.50% 14.23
Village
New Xiaojiang
2 0.048 1.60% 0.047 47.00% 19.76
Village
3 Daping Village 0.053 1.80% 0.05175 51.75% 18.84
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Liantang
4 0.129 4.30% 0.1255 125.50% 12.38
Village
5 Yumin Village 0.034 1.10% 0.03325 33.25% 23.45
6 Shuibei Village 0.032 1.10% 0.03075 30.75% 24.37
Maba No. 3
7 0.032 1.10% 0.03075 30.75% 24.37
Primary School
8 Da Yuantou 0.04 1.30% 0.03925 39.25% 21.61
Shaogang No.
9 1 Middle 0.037 1.20% 0.036 36.00% 22.53
School
Meihuazhai
10 0.022 0.70% 0.02175 21.75% 28.99
Village
11 XinZhai 0.012 0.40% 0.0115 11.50% 39.13
12 Maba Town 0.005 0.20% 0.00475 4.75% 57.58
Nanhua
13 0.004 0.10% 0.0035 3.50% 66.81
Temple
14 Shanzibei 0.11 3.70% 0.107 107.00% 13.3
TJ36-79, one-time value in the TJ36-79, one-time value in the
Standard
residential area: 3.0 residential area: 0.1
Under the supposed accident source intensity, leakage rate of CO is 0.36kg/s，table 7.2-5 lists
different axis concentration for CO at the down wind ground situation, under the different stability and
different wind speed condition.
At a windy day and under the Class D stability, the maximum of one-hour axis concentration
increment for CO ground axis can achieve to 63.2mg/m3, which arises at the outlet of accident and
exceed the 30 mg/m3 of CO STEL standard specified in Occupational Exposure Limit for Hazardous
Agents in the Workplace (GBZ2-2002), the concentration will harm the human body and if the CO
concentration is lower than the acute toxicity 2,069mg/m3, it will not cause injuries and deaths within
this scope.
At a windy day and under the Class B stability, the maximum of one-hour axis concentration
increment for H2S ground axis can achieve to 21.4mg/m3, which arises at the outlet of accident and
exceeded the 30 mg/m3 of CO STEL standard specified in Occupational Exposure Limit for Hazardous
Agents in the Workplace (GBZ2-2002); the concentration will harm the human body, but will not cause
injuries and deaths within this scope.
(2) Under the supposed accident source intensity, leakage rate of H2S is 1.4kg/s，table 7.2-6 listed
different axis concentration for H2S at the down wind ground situation, under the different stability and
different wind speed condition.
At a windy day and under the Class B stability, the maximum of one-hour axis concentration
increment for H2S ground axis can achieve to 247.3mg/m3, which arises at the outlet of accident and
exceeded the 10 mg/m3 of H2S STEL standard specified in Occupational Exposure Limit for Hazardous
Agents in the Workplace (GBZ2-2002); the concentration will harm the human body, and if the H2S
concentration is lower than the acute toxicity 518mg/m3, it will not cause injuries and deaths within this
scope.
At a windy day and under the Class B stability, the maximum of one-hour axis concentration
increment for CO ground axis can achieve to 82.9mg/m3, which arises at the outlet of accident and
exceed the 10 mg/m3 of CO STEL standard specified in Occupational Exposure Limit for Hazardous
Agents in the Workplace (GBZ2-2002), the concentration will harm the human body and if the CO
concentration is lower than the acute toxicity 518mg/m3, it will not cause injuries and deaths within this
scope.
(3)Various normal concentration scope for CO and H2S leakage, please see table 7.2-7:
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In the event of CO leakage accident and under the least favorable and credible meteorologic
condition, such accident has not arisen in the scope of half lethal concentration; under the credible
meteorologic condition and 1.7m/s wind speed of Class D stability, the scope exceeded the workshop
maximum permissible concentration is 20m, the scope exceeded the second air quality standard is
300m and the scope exceeded the maximum permissible concentration of residential area is 1300m;
under the least favorable meteorologic condition and 1.5m/s wind speed of Class F stability, the scope
exceeded the workshop maximum permissible concentration is 80m, the scope exceeded the second air
quality standard is 800m and the scope exceeded the maximum permissible concentration of residential
area is 850m. Under the environment of H2S exceeded the workshop maximum permissible
concentration for 8 hours, it will harm the human body, and while the accident time for coke-oven
crude gas is 10 minutes, so it will not have impact on ambient air. The position relation among general
layout plan, project and the sensitive spot indicates that there is no environmental sensitive spot beyond
the boundary of coke-oven plant 900m and there is no resident within the scope of workshop maximum
permissible concentration, so it will not cause personal injury.
In case of the accidental leakage of H2S , under the most unfavorable and credible meteorological
conditions, no semilethal concentration scope is appeared in the accident. Under the credible
meteorologic condition and 1.7m/s wind speed of Class D stability, the scope exceeded the workshop
maximum permissible concentration is 400m, the scope exceeded the second air quality standard is
1300m and the scope exceeded the maximum permissible concentration of residential area is 11300m;
under the least favorable meteorologic condition and 1.5m/s wind speed of Class F stability, the scope
exceeded the workshop maximum permissible concentration is 850m, the scope exceeded the second
air quality standard is 1100m and the scope exceeded the maximum permissible concentration of
residential area is 1100m. Under the environment of H2S exceeded the workshop maximum permissible
concentration for 8 hours, it will harm the human body, and while the accident time for coke-oven
crude gas is 10 minutes, emergency treatment time is 30 minutes, so it will not have impact on ambient
air. Based on the layout map and the location of project and the sensitive points, there is no sensitive
point within 900m outside the coking plant boundary, and no human injury will be caused.
(4) Add-value of various sensitive spots for CO, H2S leakage accident, please see table 7.2-8:
We can see from table 7.2-8, the add-value of various sensitive spots has increased less and account for
less than 10% of maximum permissible concentration for residential area after the accident of CO
leakage; The add-value of various sensitive spots exceeded maximum permissible concentration for
residential area both at Liantang village and Shanzibei, but below the workshop maximum permissible
concentration after the accident of H2S leakage. 60 minutes after accident, it did not have a
concentration increment within an acceptable scope.
In summary, under the CO, H2S leakage accident and least favorable situation, it will harm those
who are in the 850m scope but will not cause personal injury, so this the safety distance for this
project is 850m. There is no sensitive spot within the scope of internal SGIS 850m.
Based on gas leakage accident results and preventive measures accumulated for each year in the
past, the assessment considers the environmental risk of this project is in the acceptable scope.
7.2.3.3 Analysis for Calculated Result of Recycle Gas Diffusion
See the abnormal discharging part of impact prediction on atmospheric environment for forecast
content details. The forecast result indicates under the informal working conditions, TSP concentration
in this project will increase rapidly and higher than current monitoring value greatly among
surrounding environment, but it is an acceptable limit among the scope of ambient air standard. Due to
the duration time of abnormal working conditions was short, which will not have an obvious
unfavorable effect on surrounding environment.
7.2.4 Collection of Fire Water Discharging for fire Accident
The major fire part in this project is coke-oven body and leakage fire. According to the accident
statistic in SGIS from 1991 to 2006, there was no fire accident but the whole blast furnace furnished
with a lot ofhigh-pressure equipment and its fuel is inflammable and explosive blast furnace gas, so
sharp vigilance should be kept for fire and explosion accident.
Under the fire accident, CO fire belongs to gas fire. In the event of such fire, the gas supply should be
cut off immediately; if it fails to be cut off, the flaming gas should be forbidden. The extinguishing
agent commonly used in fog attack, foam, carbon dioxide and dry powder.
The firewater of CO fire accident often contains suspended matter and other impurities. It is different
from the accident firewater of chemical industry, because there is no toxic and harmful substance flow
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out from the firewater. If there is a fire accident for this project, the firewater should be collected
through rainwater pipeline, and then a sample sedimentation process should be conducted before
discharging.
At the initial stages of construction, SGIS’s rainwater sedimentation tank and as an accident tank used
for pollution discharge and firewater collection can be ensure reaching the standard of general
discharge openings.
For fire water discharge instruction for accident in this project, see table 7.2-1
Through
rainwater Reused in
pipeline Adjusting tank of production links, or
Rainwater
Fire fighting water waste treatment discharged after
collecting ponds
in devices area plant to be reaching the
of SIGS
construct discharging standards
Figure 7.2-1 Diagram of accidental pollutant discharge system of the project
7.2.5 Calculation for Risk Value
The forecast result of this CO and H2S leakage accident indicates that the present concentration of
various sensitive spots all lower than the workshop maximum permissible concentration, and there is
no half lethal concentration and it will not cause injuries and deaths. The calculation formula for
environmental risk value caused by maximum credible accident is as following:
R= Probability of a accident × Probability of negative weather × Probability of injury
After the determination of the damage degree and death number within the scope of half lethal
concentration, there is no such case occurs, so the assessment result indicates the risk value is in the
acceptable scope.
7.3 Risk prevention measures
7.3.1 Device selection and prevention measures on processing
1) Prevention measures taken on coke dry quenching
a) Fire and explosion protection
In the transportation design of general drawing, there is adequate fire protection safety distance set
between devices and buildings, and the road is designed and paved according to the requirements of
fire-fighting vehicles.
As for the process design, the fields with explosive materials are set with mechanical dedusting device
and corresponding ventilating devices to control the density under the lower limit of explosion.
Consistent and automatic gas analysis (burnable components such as CO and H2) devices are set in
coke dry quenching gas circulation system to control the concentration of combustible components
under the safety range. Additionally, there are several explosion preventing and emergency dispersing
devices set to guarantee the safe running of coke dry quenching.
The dedusting machine of CDQ dedusting ground station is equipped with cooling fire-fighting devices,
in which the dedusting machine body is set with explosion discharging device, the dedusting machine
has electrostatic grounding and the dedusting machine bag filter is made of electrostatic protection
materials.
The CDQ boiler is set with over-pressure safety valve and ultra-pressure alarming interlock; the steam
drum water level of CDQ boiler is set with upper and lower water level alarm and interlock, an
automatic water filling adjustment device is set to ensure the safe running of boiler, and the water level
indications are set separately on site and in CDQ main control room, the CDQ main control room is
also set with upper and lower water level, too high/too low water level alarming and interlocking
devices.
The main steam shut-off valve (driven by power) is closed when there is emergency shut off of CDQ
boiler, and the circulation fan is stopped consequently. There is a locking device set between the
circulation fan and the water level of CDQ boiler.
There is a locking device set between the condensation water pump of turbine power station and the
water level of condenser.
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In the turbine power station, if there is failure to turbine oil system, all the lubricating oils can flow to
the outdoor failure oil tank, which is set outside of turbine power station with CDQ devices.
In the electrical design, the fire fighting devices are provided with individual loop for power supply;
the non flame retardant shielded cables are used for the power circuit of fire fighting device, which are
laid within the wiring tray or underground so that the fire fighting power is guaranteed if the production
and living power is cut off in case of fire accidents.
Corresponding electrical devices and lamps shall be equipped in the explosive and fire hazardous fields
strictly according to the environmental hazard categories or areas and specifications, like Electrical
Installations Design Code for Explosive Atmospheres and Fire Hazard, etc., and relevant lightning
protection measures shall be taken to avoid the fire caused by lightning.
The indoor oil-immerse transformer is installed in an isolated room, and an accidental oil pitch is set to
prevent fire extension and spreading caused by the leakage of transformer oil.
Specifications like Code of Design on Building Fire Protection and Prevention shall be followed during
the building design, and sufficient movable fire extinguishers shall be set in the fields with high
possibility of fire hazards according to the corresponding regulations in Code for Design of
Extinguisher Distribution In Buildings, to meet the requirements of fire protection and fire fighting.
According to the specifications like Code of Design on Building Fire Protection and Prevention, etc.,
corresponding devices like fire-fighting water supply pipes and fire hydrants are set in fire-fighting
water supply design.
This project is set with fire alarming devices in hazardous combustible and explosive fields or
important fields according to the requirements of Code for Design of Automatic Fire Alarm System (GB
50116-98).
Please refer to Section “Fire-fighting” for the fire and explosion protection safety measures of the
project.
b) Safety measures of pressure container
CDQ boiler of the project is set with over-pressure safety valve, over-temperature and over-pressure
alarm interlock, and designed strictly according to the specifications like Technical Supervision
Regulation for Safety of Steam Boilers and Technical Supervision Regulation for Safety of Pressure
Vessels, etc.
c) Other safety measures
The CDQ system is set with starting indication signaling device to give sound before starting, and the
countercurrent flow interlocking measure is taken to prevent accidental stop and material blockage.
The electrical room of CDQ is set with acoustic and optical alarming devices for abnormal phenomena
during production.
To prevent electrical shock and guarantee maintenance safety, devices with two or multi operation
points are set with accidental switches besides the machine; the exposed electrical conductive parts of
electrical device shall be grounded through PE or PEN lines according to the type of system grounding,
and some of devices shall be set with current leakage protection device if necessary.
The lanes of belt conveyor are set with pavements on both sides, the net width of which is no less than
0.8m. The lanes with angle ≤10°is set with anti-slip strip; the lanes with angle ＞10° is set with
anti-slip step to avoid the accidents of slip; and the belt conveyor is set with automatic failure
interlocking shutdown device.
The belt conveyor for transporting coke is set in corresponding lanes to avoid the drop of materials,
consequent hazards and mechanical injuring accidents.
The belt conveyor is set with protection devices as below: automatic clean device of head and rear
part; check machine; emergency shutdown device; bias detector.
As high-altitude operation of coke tank elevating machine, the operation shall be stopped when the
wind speed is higher than 20m/s, thus the wind speed meter is designed to monitor the wind speed.
To avoid the mechanical hurt or the accident of dropped materials, all the ladders, platforms and aerial
passages in production fields shall be set with safety railings; the movable parts of devices are set with
necessary safety protection nets and covers; and corresponding safety tags and accidental lighting
devices are set in hazardous places.
d) Backup and emergency measures
All the important devices in process design are set with corresponding spare parts and backup system;
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The central power transformation (distribution) stations of the project are set with two-way power
supply, and each way can bear 100% of factory load.
The integral electrical room and turbine power supply station of CDQ are set with emergency lighting
devices; the accidental lighting power of fire-fighting device construction is led from special power
supply loop of fire-fighting device.
The main production plants of building design are all set with more than two safety exits.
(2) 4.3m coke oven body
The oven gas devices and leakage points are set with quick shut-off valves and other safety protection
measures to prevent the hazards from oven gas leakage; the fields with possibility of oven gas leakage
are set with oven gas (CO) monitoring and alarming devices and the areas easy to have oven gas
leakage are set with safety tags.
Corresponding mechanical dedusting devices are set in backup coal grinding room, coke tar filler and
flaker machine room, CDQ devices and other places which have combustible and explosive dusts, to
control the density of combustible and explosive dusts far under the lower limit of explosion; the
corresponding ventilating devices are set in the workshops (e.g. fan room) producing combustible and
explosive gas, to control the density of combustible and explosive gas far under the lower limit of
explosion.
The belt conveyor of coke wharf pipe uses thermal-resistant glue tape, and the coke wharf is set with
spraying devices; the oven gas collection pipe of coke oven is set with automatic pressure adjustment
devices and igniting dispersing devices; and all the underground devices, storage tanks and coke
transportation lanes are set with ventilation covers and devices.
The control of density of combustible components (CO and H2 ) in inert gases is an important measure
to guarantee the safe running of CDQ devices; additionally, several explosion and emergency
dispersing devices are set in the CDQ devices and gas circulation systems.
The coal gas pipelines of coke oven are set with low pressure alarm and automatic gas shut-off devices
to prevent the gas pipelines from inhaling air and causing hazards; the oven gas and benzol devices and
pipelines are all set with corresponding electro-static protection grounding devices to prevent the fire
from electro-static spark; and the piping gas is set with low pressure alarm and safety interlock.
The regenerator and other devices and pipelines are set with safety valves; the electric tar precipitator is
set with interlocking device that will give off alarming signals once the content of oxygen in oven gas
is over 0.8%, and switch off the power automatically in case the content is over 1%; the inlet and outlet
pipes of pre-cooler, fan, desulfurization, spraying saturator and benzene washing tower are set with
thermal and pressure monitoring apparatuses.
The devices and pipelines of gas system are set with corresponding steam blowing and sampling
devices to prevent the fire caused by over oxygen content and explosion; mechanical ventilation is set
in the rooms with gas pipelines passing through; the gas fan uses explosion protection motor; and the
desulfurization circulation pump and gas fan use explosion protection motors.
The benzol devices and pipelines are set with electro static protection grounding; the coarse benzene
pump room and piping oven are set with steam fire hydrants; and the benzol tank and the intermediate
tank use sparkle level meter and electro-static protection intake pipes.
The storage of coal in every place is done according to timetable, and it can not extend the storage time
limit to prevent too long-time storage of coal and oxidized self-ignition.
7.3.2 The automatic control system, emergency shutdown and accidental
handling devices during production
The acoustic and optical alarming devices are set in backup coal central control room, central room of
dedusting ground station of coke oven, central control room of coke screening and dedusting, and 6KV
comprehensive electrical room, etc. to indicate the abnormal phenomena during production.
The starting indication signaling devices are set in backup coal, coke screening, coke oven dedusting,
CDQ, CDQ dedusting systems to give off sounds before starting, and the counterflow interlocking
measure is taken to prevent accidental shutdown and material blockage.
A starting button for accidental ventilation is set outside the main passage leading to the outdoor field;
the belt conveyor and related devices shall have central interlocked control according to process
requirements.
An accident switch is set besides the machine for two or multi operation devices to guarantee the safety
of inspection.
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The emergency boiler shutdown protection device is set for CDQ, i.e. the main steam shut-off valve
will be closed right, the firing exhaust valve is opened and the circulation fan is stopped during
emergency boiler shutdown. There is a locked protection device set between the circulation fan and the
water level of CDQ boiler.
7.3.3 Prevention measures to hazardous substances
a) Prevention and treatment of noxious dusts
The prevention and treatment of noxious dusts in the project is considered from two aspects: namely, to
control the source of noxious dusts from process firstly to reduce producing hazardous substance with
noxious dust; and to take corresponding protective measures for operators to avoid the noxious dusts
from doing harm to the operators. The main measures taken are as below:
Use CDQ to avoid the dispersing of hazardous gases which are produced by coke wet quenching.
A mechanical dedusting system is set in CDQ system, the dust removal efficiency of which is higher
than 99.5%.
The lanes of coke transporting station use closed design to prevent the harm caused by dust.
The coke intake of the CDQ top is set with an annular water seal block. The lifting sealing cover of the
coke funnel cuts into the water seal block to form a water seal, preventing dust spillover. Meanwhile,
the coke funnel connects the movable dust pumpings. Inside the funnel is of negative pressure, which
pumps a large amount of smokes and dusts into the dust pumping during coke intake, to reduce dust
proliferation. To reduce the dust dispersion during the interchange between water seal lid and coke
funnel, the pressure of CDQ boiler top shall be kept at -30~-50Pa before the water seal lid is uncovered,
and the joint motion mechanism is taken between funnel and boiler lid to shorten the interchange time
and prevent the gas in boiler from dispersing outwardly.
Coke discharge device adopts a continuous discharging device with grilled seal valve, of good air
tightness and able to seal the smoke and dust when discharging coke; meanwhile, air is charged into the
shell of the coke discharge device to withstand the pressure and avoid circulating gases spillover.
To prevent the expansion and shrinkage from initiation, halt and temperature fluctuation, which lead to
the gas leakage at the joint, a high-temperature compensator is set between the CDQ boiler and the
primary dedusting machine, and between the primary dedusting machine and the CDQ waste heat
boiler. The circulation gas pipes are also set with several compensators.
The operation room, control room and rest room which isolate hazardous noxious dust are set at
important production fields, certain air ventilation and change measures are taken to avoid the harm to
operators from noxious dust.
The density of all hazardous substances at the main working fields of the project meets the
requirements of Occupational Exposure Limit for Hazardous Agents in the Workplace (GBZ 2-2002)
through the control.
b) Protection measures against electromagnetic radiation
The transformers, power distribution plates and other devices are set in individual rooms to prevent
electromagnetic radiation.
c) Protection measures against radiation from γ ray
Lay the γ ray level meter of CDQ device in a lead tank, which is under protective status at idle
condition and the red warning lamp lights up to prevent the approach of workers when it runs.
When it is at idle condition, the activity of level meter 60Co is 3.7×101GBq(1Ci), the level meter can
shield off the γ ray radiated by 60Co from the designed structure, that most of the γ ray will be
absorbed by coke after passing through the coke in pre-storage chamber and the radiation dose ratio is
less than 1μGy/h. Thus the radiation dose to surrounding environment meets the requirements of the
state standard Basic Standards for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation
Sources (GB18871-2002).
7.3.4 Preventive measures of fire fighting system
7.3.2.1 Fire fighting in general drawing
The project is implemented in the coking plant area with former facilities of coking plant around, the
distance between buildings of the project and the former facilities of coking plant shall meet the
corresponding requirements of fire fighting safety distance.
In the general internal layout, each facility room is set according to its category and area, isolated with
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roads or passages, and adequate fire-fighting safety distance is set to prevent the fire expansion in case
of fire.
The road width and overhead clearance within the factory area of this project both take into
consideration the requirements of fire-fighting vehicle to keep the unblocked fire-fighting road.
The project is not provided with fire-fighting station, and all the fire-fighting cases are dealt by the
company uniformly since its fire-fighting capability can meet the requirements of fire-fighting in this
project.
7.3.2.2 Fire-fighting of gas
As for the process design, the fields with explosive materials are set with mechanical dedusting device
and corresponding ventilating devices to control the density of explosive dust farther under the lower
limit of explosion.
A consistent and automatic gas (combustible components such as CO and H2) analysis device is set in
the inert gas circulation system of CDQ, which charges air or N2 into circulation system consistently,
controls the density of combustible components under the safety range, and is set with corresponding
dispersing and explosion protection devices to guarantee the safe running of CDQ.
The CO alarming apparatuses are set around the coke discharge device.
In the turbine power station, if there is failure to turbine oil system, all the lubricating oils can flow to
the outdoor failure oil tank, which is set outside of turbine power station with CDQ devices.
The coke transportation belt is made from thermal resistant materials.
The safety tag and signaling device are set at the fields with high possibility of fire hazards.
7.3.2.3 Fire-fighting water
(1) The plant area is set with low pressure production-fire fighting water supplying system, and times
of fire hazards, which happen at the same time, are considered as once; the outdoor fire fighting water
supply is 30l/s. The indoor and outdoor fire-fighting network is set in circulation shape, and the indoor
and outdoor fire hydrants are set according to specification requirements.
(2) The main plant, which is a high-rise industry building, is set with separate normal/high pressure
indoor fire-fighting water supplying system using blast furnace normal pressure water supplying
system as the water source, the indoor fire-fighting water flow is 30l/s, meanwhile, 6 water guns are
used and the minimal flow of every gun is 5l/s.
7.3.2.4 Fire-fighting measures of buildings
According to GBJ16-87 Code For Design of Building Fire Protection (2001), sufficient fire-fighting
distance is reserved between buildings/structures, and corresponding fire resistant degrees are designed
according to the fire hazard category of every building/structure. The fire hazard class of electrical
room, main control room, apparatus room and computer room is class , and the fire resistant degree is
II; the fire hazard class of cable pitch and cable tunnel is III, and the fire resistant degree is II.
7.3.2.5 Fire-fighting and lightning protection of electrical device
Entrances of high voltage power distribution room, low voltage power distribution room and control
room are set with sand tanks and fire extinguishers such as foam or dry powder fire extinguishers; the
computer room and control room are set with fixed fire control equipment.
The cable is inflammable, and the cable exit is blocked with fire resistant materials. The fire-fighting
powers of fire fighting door and fire fighting wall both use 2-way power supply, and the fire alarm and
fire-fighting equipment is supplied with safeguard power.
The combustible and explosive buildings e.g. main plant, power supply system, gas, oil pump and pipes
of oil supply pump station etc. are set with reliable thunder-proof and lightning protection grounding
device according to GB50057-94 Design Code for Protection of Structures against Lightning.
7.3.2.6 Fire-fighting facilities
According to GBJ 140-90 Code for Design of Extinguisher Distribution in Buildings (Edition 1997),
every point with hidden fire hazard is set with certain numbers of corresponding fire-fighting
equipment according to the characteristic of its location.
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7.3.2.7 Fire-fighting communication
The vital and combustible places e.g. blast furnace control room, electrical control room, gas
management room and various hydraulic and lubrication station etc. are set with automatic and manual
fire alarming equipment according to relevant national regulations.
Every operation room and duty room are set with direct dial telephone for fire-fighting communication.
7.3.2.8 Safety signs
The “NO OPEN FLAMES” signs are set at obvious places in plant area, and the fire-fighting signs like
“DANGER OF FIRE, DANGER OF EXPLOSION” are set in some fields with the danger of explosion.
The detailed setup is done according to GB15630-95 Requirements for The Placement of Fire Safety
Signs.
7.3.2.9 Fire-fighting mechanism
The project is located inside the plant area of SGIS, the fire-fighting work is considered uniformly by
SGIS and no additional fire-fighting team is set. But the person responsible for fire-fighting concerning
supervision and management thereof is included in the design.
7.3.4 Prevention against natural disaster factors
The protection measures against natural disasters, e.g. storm, flood, thunder and lightning, earthquake
and extremely hot weather etc., were set during the construction of plant, and the design still uses the
existing facilities.
(1) The new constructed buildings and comprehensive buildings are set with lightning rod to protect
against lightning shock; and every equipment and pipe are set with lightning protection equipment.
(2) The design of plant elevation when SGIS was founded meets the highest over-year flood level in
this area and the construction is valid and practicable. The project still uses the prior flood control
equipment. The indoor ground of the building is higher than outdoor ground to avoid the intrusion of
storm water.
(3) The operation room and apparatus room are set with air conditioner or air cooler to reduce the
temperature in summer; the devices and pipes with surface temperature above 60 will be provided
with insulation measures.
(4) The earthquake intensity in this area is considered as degree 6.
7.3.5 Gas protection area and management measures
Personnel protection technology and measures
Every workshop has a dedicated safety person who is responsible for maintaining, checking and
replacing protective mask, responsible for safety education, safety inspection and other work.
For the production concerning combustible and explosive, noxious and hazardous substances, the
project shall be divided into several gas protection areas according to Classification of Health Hazard
Levels From Occupational Exposure To Toxic Substances (GB 5044-85). It is divided into four areas
according to 6 indexes with the acute and toxic degree of noxious substance, incidence status of acute
poisoning, incidence status of chronic poisoning, consequence of chronic poisoning, character of
causing cancer and allowed workshop density as classification standards:
The company shall set up a gas protection station, which is responsible for the gas protection first-aid,
gas protection training, maintenance of gas protection instruments and the gas filling of breathing
machine air tank.
The company shall prepare a Gas Protection First-Aid Plan, which includes the organization chapter
and countermeasure chapter, of which the organization chapter shall have a systematical description of
commanding structure and organizing structure of gas protection accident, alarm and protective alarm,
strength that can be assembled and emergency contacts and communications, the influence of wind
power and temperature on the dispersing of noxious substances, important area distribution and basic
data needed by gas protection first-aid station and various necessary emergency devices and other
substantial conditions for gas protection first-aid, it will play a good guiding role for gas protection
accident first-aid.
Strict management shall be implemented through division of important areas, and emergency first-aid
system shall be set up to ensure gas protection accident be under control.
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7.3.6 Environmental Monitoring & Environmental Risk Emergency
Monitoring
7.3.6.1 Routine monitoring
The monitoring of the project is the responsibility of SGIS.
SGIS is provided with a specialized environmental monitoring station, which is responsible for
monitoring pollution source and environment.
(1) Water-quality monitoring: the items of regular water-quality monitoring are suggested as:
wastewater amount, pH, CODC, BOD5, SS, NH3-N, petroleum and animal and plant oils etc.
Monitoring sites should include main wastewater discharge outlet of plants, inlets and outlets of the
sewage treatment facilities, general discharge outlet of the plants. Monitoring frequency can be
determined on different monitoring projects, at least once a week. Additional measuring should be
taken in case of abnormal production or accidental drainages. However, on-line monitoring of the
wastewater flow and CODCr concentration should be implemented on the general drainage outlet. If
there are temporary difficulties with on-line monitoring of CODCr concentration, the item of CODCr
monitoring should be carried out every day.
(2) Noise monitoring
Monitoring items: Noise level
Monitoring points: Noise Within Factory
Monitoring frequency: Once a quarter, day and night monitoring shall be carried out in the absence of
rain with wind velocity less than 5.5 m/s.
Planning requirements on discharge outlets
According to the State Standard "Graphical Signs For Environmental Protection Discharge Outlet
(Source)" and the technical requirements of the State Environmental Protection Administration,
"Requirements on Standardized Discharge Outlet Rectification (Trial Implementation)," all discharge
outlets (including water, gas, sound, dregs) of the plants must be in accordance with principles and
standardized requirements featuring "being easy in sampling, convenient to measure and monitor, and
facilitated to routine on-site supervision”. Corresponding environmental protection graphic signs shall
be set, and discharge outlet distribution map shall be drawn. Meanwhile flowmeter shall be installed on
the sewage discharge outlets and operation monitoring devices shall be set in treatment facilities. The
standardization of discharge outlets should comply with the relevant requirements of Environmental
Supervision Office of Shunde District.
7.3.6.2 Emergency monitoring
SGIS implements a duty system for environmental risk accidents. Emergency duty room is set up in the
company monitoring station with person on duty 24 hours a day.
Emergency monitoring facilities and personnel shall be allocated to be ready to receive pollution
accident information from the general dispatch room of the company, all department rooms, plants and
the society, and take timely emergency monitoring program, assign monitoring staff and analysis staff,
and coordinate with the Environment Department on the investigation and disposal of environmental
pollution source.
In case of emergent pollution accidents, the monitoring station staff shall arrive on the spot with
necessary monitoring facilities for monitoring air and water quality upon being informed, and
according to the arrangements of the company's Environment Department, carry out atmospheric and
related water monitoring, and track a certain range in the back-wind direction or backward position for
samplings. By accident types, emergency monitoring in high frequency (at least once an hour) shall be
implemented on relevant sites, and monitoring items shall be chosen according to the situation, and the
situation shall be monitored at any time to provide basis for emergency command.
The monitoring items that the company can not complete in-house should be commissioned to local
environment monitoring stations. In case of leakage of toxic or hazardous chemicals, reports shall be
immediately sent to local environmental protection authority, and environmental monitoring station of
the district shall be commissioned to undertake pollution impact monitoring, possible pollutants
emitted shall be reported in advance, and the monitoring station shall be assisted to make emergency
monitoring plan suitable to the company’s dangerous accident environment.
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7.4 Emergency plan
Project risk accidents may influence the surroundings to some degree. With a high level of safety
measures, the accident probability will be lower, but not be zero. Once the accident occurs, emergency
measures should be taken to control and reduce accident hazards. Since larger accidents may be
dangerous to the environment, there are needs for community help, and therefore, an emergency
scheme needs to be made in advance.
Emergency scheme is an anticipated scheme for relief activities, which is based on the premise of
prevention, aiming at possible accidents of the construction project, to control the hazard source timely,
rescue the victims, guide residents for anti-expansion and evacuation, and eliminate hazard
consequences. It needs the integration of unit effort and social rescue.
Emergency scheme for gas leakage in the project is divided into two levels, the company-level and
social interaction level.
Emergency scheme for the project goes as follows:
Emergency handling scheme of Type-A hazard sources in Coking Plant
1. Serious accident emergency measures for CDQ body:
Reporting procedures:
1) When such serious accidents as coke oven hearth damage, explosion or collapse happen to the
CDQ body, the first witness should immediately notify the front duty room, then foreman on shift
should immediately report to the dispatcher, section leaders and relevant departments and section
offices.
2) On receiving the accident report, the dispatcher should immediately notify the staff in the possibly
affected areas to evacuate. Meanwhile, he should report to the chief dispatcher, plant leaders and
relevant sections for rescue and relief, and ask for rescue by 110, 120 or 119 if necessary.
Organization structures and responsibilities
Emergency leading group
Head: director
Deputy head: vice director in charge of production, vice director in charge of equipment
Members: leaders of production management, technical equipment management, safety management,
comprehensive management and different sections.
Major responsibilities of emergency leading group
1 Implement the regulations and rules of the state and the company on emergency rescue and
handling in relevant accidents;
2 Led by the emergency command organization of the company, and request emergency assistance;
3 Study major emergency decisions and deployments;
4 Supervise the formulation and revision of the emergency scheme, and declare its implementation
and termination;
5 Declare state of emergency and issue instructions; relieve the state of emergency;
Settings of the command center:
Dispatching center is the command center of accident handling, and the director dispatcher on duty is
the commander, who commands the accident handling comprehensively.
Major responsibilities of the director dispatcher on duty in emergency handling:
1 Get the basic situation of the accident, and correctly judge the nature of the accident and scope
affected;
2 Timely report to the emergency leading group on the basic situation of the accident, correctly
issue orders according to the group’s instructions, command accident handling, and control the affected
scope, to effectively prevent further expansion of the accident.
3 Request rescue assistance (such as fire rescue, medical rescue, etc.) if necessary;
Emergency measures:
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1, When such serious accidents as coke oven hearth damage, explosion or collapse happen to the
CDQ body, the highest leader on-site should organize the staff to evacuate from the dangerous area
immediately (Be advised to choose the safe evacuation route), notify staff in the possibly affected areas
to evacuate, and take all the necessary measures to prevent further expansion of the accidents.
2, Under the premise of ensuring safety, it’s required to peremptorily shut off wind, water, power,
and various gases (for example, if the gas pipeline has been on fire, it’s prohibited to close gas valves
until professionals arrive for handling).
3, After the withdrawal, it’s required to count the head, lay alerting line, and prohibit entry of those
unrelated to the accident rescue.
4, The rescue personnel should be fully aware of the on-site situations before entering the site for
rescue.
5, All the staff entering the site should be registered properly, with necessary protective gear,
portable monitors (mainly for gas monitoring). Pay attention to the damage of the industry construction
(collapse, falling objects) and the risk of explosion.
6. The on-the-spot highest leader is in charge of the spot organization of the emergency handling.
II Emergency measures in serious gas accidents
Reporting procedures
1, When serious gas leakage happens, the first witness should immediately notify the dispatcher and
staff of relevant sections.
2, On receiving the serious gas accident report, the dispatcher should immediately notify the staff in
the possibly affected posts (including outer-plant), and notify the chief dispatcher, plant leaders and
leaders of relevant departments and sections.
3, It’s required to request the Power Plant for dispatching professionals and seek rescue assistance by
dialing 110, 120 or 119 if necessary.
Organization structures and responsibilities
Emergency leading group
Head: director
Deputy head: vice director in charge of production, vice director in charge of equipment
Members: leaders of production management, technical equipment management, safety management,
comprehensive management and different sections.
Major responsibilities of emergency leading group
1 Implement the regulations and rules of the state and the company on emergency rescue and
handling in relevant accidents;
2 Led by the emergency command organization of the company, and request emergency assistance;
3 Study major emergency decisions and deployments;
4 Supervise the formulation and revision of the emergency scheme, and declare its implementation
and termination;
5 Declare state of emergency and issue instructions; relieve the state of emergency;
Settings of the command center:
Dispatcher center is the command center of the accident handling, the director dispatcher on duty is the
commander, who commands the accident handling comprehensively.
Major responsibilities of the director dispatcher on duty in emergency handling:
1 Get the basic situation of the accident, and correctly judge the nature of the accident and scope
affected;
2 Timely report to the emergency leading group on the basic situation of the accident, correctly
issue orders according to the group’s instructions, command accident handling, and control the affected
scope, to effectively prevent further expansion of the accident.
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3 Request rescue assistance (such as fire rescue, medical rescue, etc.) if necessary;
Emergency measures:
1, When serious gas accident happens, the on-spot highest leader should organize the staff to
evacuate from the dangerous area immediately (Be advised to choose the safe evacuation route), notice
the wind direction, and withdraw to the safety zone on windward side.
2, Under the premise of ensuring safety, it’s required to shut off the gas source or request the Power
Plant to switch off (shut off) the upper-level gas source. yIf the gas pipeline has been on fire, it’s
prohibited to close gas valves until professionals arrive for handling.
3, After the withdrawal, it’s required to count the head, lay alerting line, and prohibit entry of those
unrelated to the accident rescue.
4, The rescue personnel should know clearly the on-site situations before entering the site for rescue,
with necessary protective gear, portable monitors (mainly for gas monitoring). They should pay
attention to the damage of the industry construction (collapse, falling objects) and the risk of gas
poisoning or explosion.。
5, All the staff entering the site should be registered properly, wear necessary protective gear and
obey commands.
6, The on-the-spot highest leader is in charge of the spot organization of the emergency handling.
If the scheme is not consistent with relevant regulations or spirits of the higher authorities, the latter
should prevail.
Safe Management Office is responsible for interpretation of the scheme.
7.5 “Three simultaneous” check table for environment safety
The above environmental risks preventing measures are listed as items in the “three simultaneous”
check. See Table 7.5-1.
Table 7.5-1 “Three simultaneous” check table for environment safety
Category Name of the measure Content of the measure Completion
time
Environmental Monitoring alarm Establish automatic monitoring alarm and Establish
safety control measures. these
protection Monitoring team Establish emergency monitoring team (in measures at
system cooperation with the local monitoring station) the same time
Monitoring facilities Equip emergency monitoring facilities as production
device.
Atmospheric Drencher system Drencher system will spray upon an accident
environment occurred.
safety Poison dispel spraying system Poison dispel spraying system dispels poisonous
substances.
Water Backwater system Flow monitoring pool, backflow pipe and
environmental backflow valve of wastewater discharge system.
safety Changeover valve under clear Changeover valve is set for the collection
water system of clear water.
Rain water changeover valve Changeover valve is set for the collection
system of clear water.
Changeover valve of water Changeover valve is set for the collection
for accidents and firefighting system of water for accidents and firefighting.
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8 Clean Production & Mass Loading Control
8.1 Definition & Index System Selection
Concept of leaner production includes three aspects:
(1) Save raw materials and resources, eliminate poisonous raw materials and reduce the volume and
toxicity of all wastes during production.
(2) As for products, it is required to decrease adverse effect during whole life circle from extraction of
raw materials to final disposal of products.
(3) As for services, it is required to involve the environmental factors into design and services
offered.
Law of the People's Republic of China on Clean Production Promotion came into force on January 1st,
2003, so as to increase the level of clean production for China.
According to the characteristics of the steel industry, with reference to relevant specifications of the
Clean Production Standards: Steel Industry (HJ/189-2006), Clean Production Standard -Coking
Industry (HJ/126-2003) and the Industrial Policy for Steel Development (July, 2005), we carry out the
clean production analysis on this project in terms of production techniques and equipment, resource
and energy utilization, pollution generation indicator, waste recycle utilization indicator and
environmental management indicator etc.
8.2 Analysis of Clean Production Level for Production Process
8.2.1 Comparison of Coke Dry and Wet Quenching
Table 8.2-1 Comparison of coke dry and wet quenching
Wet quenching Coke dry quenching
Make heat exchange with the hot red coke in dry
quenching oven by means of cool inert gas, so as to
Extinguish the coke in coke car cool the red coke. The inert gas that has extracted
Coke
via water of sprinkler at the heat of red coke will transfer the heat to CDQ boiler
quenching
upper part of coke quenching for generating steam, and the cooled inert gas will be
process
tower. blown into CDQ oven by the circulating ventilator to
cool the red coke. The steam generated by CDQ
boiler can be used for power generation.
Quality of Lower Higher
coke
Water is used for cooling down Mainly including circulating water and cooling water
the coke during coke
quenching. Besides circulating
Water
water and cooling water for
consumption
equipment, a great deal of
water is required for the
process.
Principle of A large amount of water vapor The water does not contact with the red coke since
air containing coke dust and other the emission concentration of dust from dust
pollutants pollutants is generated and collectors at each dust generating point <30mg/m.
discharged upwards, and the
pollutants diffuse in the wind.
Volume of Volume of smoke dust
generated generated by current coke wet Amount of smoke dust emission of coke dry
air quenching process: 120t/a. quenching process: 78t/a, decreased by 35%.
pollutants
Treatment of Although baffle plate is set at In case of applying closed equipment, the dust
air the top of coke quenching carried by inert gas after coke quenching will be
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pollutants tower, the emission of purified by dust collector in the coke quenching
pollutants is still relatively oven. This can control the pollutants within the
large. After dust removal by the process equipment. Since the depth of coke tank for
baffle, the floating dust coke quenching is large, positioned coke connection
discharged is of relatively can be applied, and coke dust hood can be used
smaller particle size and can during coke charging and output to control dust
diffuse for many miles. Hence, pollution effectively. Thus, this process can
it is hard to completely solve effectively solve the pollution problem of coke
the pollution problem caused quenching.
by coke wet quenching.
Water There is wastewater generated “Zero discharge” of the production wastewater has
pollutants during coke quenching process. been realized.
Coke dry quenching process can effectively solve the pollution problem caused by coke quenching.
Although the investment and operation expenditure of the scheme is relatively large, the operation is
complicated and the requirements for technology and management are relatively high, it brings obvious
environmental benefits, e.g. the emission of pollutants is less, energy utilization is higher. Hence, the
indirect environment benefits brought by this scheme are extremely remarkable.
8.2.2 Analysis of clean production process for coke dry quenching
Coke cry quenching process is applied by this project with coke wet quenching on standby.
A series of pollution control measures can be adopted for CDQ process, thus emission of pollutants
brought by this process is relatively less. In case of adopting CDQ process, water content in the coke is
relatively low, the coke is provided with high strength and perfect quality, production capacity of the
blast furnace can be increased by about 1% and coke ratio can be decreased by about 2%. Therefore, it
can reduce iron-making cost and save energy by decreasing energy consumption. It can recycle energy
sources equaling to 5% of coking coal energy, generate steam so as to avoid pollution brought by coal
burner for producing equivalent steam, and decrease the emission of SO2 and smoke dust in particular.
Take 1 million t/a coke production capacity as an example, in case of CDQ process, the recycled
sensible heat of the red coke can generate about 450,000 t/a steam, equaling to that generated by 65,000
t/a steam coal, the fume emission by coal burning can be decreased by 42.3t/a (based on ash content
26% and dust removal efficiency 99% of chain-grate boiler) and SO2 emission can be decreased by
about 520t/a (based on sulfur content 1%).
According to comprehensive analysis, CDQ process is provided with obvious advantages in view of
indexes such as quality and performance of coke, overall energy conservation, recycled heat and
improvement of atmospheric environment quality, though investment and energy consumption of CDQ
process is relatively large and the process is complicated. According to Technical Guiding Catalogue
of Clean Production of National Key Industry (the first batch) (GuoJingMaoZiYuan [2000] No. 137
by State Economic and Trade Commission of the People’s Republic of China on February 15th,
2000), coke dry quenching process belongs to clean production process and is also the
development direction of coke making for coking industry.
8.3 Review on clean production indexes
Clean Production Standard -Coking Industry HJ/T126-2003, which came into force on June 1st, 2003,
is adopted for clean production analysis of this project. According to this standard, CDQ process
applied by this project is one of the important clean production technologies in coking production.
Clean production indexes of coking industry are classified into six types, including production process
and equipment requirements, energy utilization, product, pollutant, waste recycling and environmental
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management. Since this project involves a set of equipment in coking production, environmental
impact assessment for this project only makes analysis for four indexes associating with the
equipment, including production process and equipment requirements, coke product, waste recycling
and environmental management, so as to evaluate the clean production level of this project.
8.3.1 Production process and equipment requirements
For comparison of indexes of production process and equipment for this project and that in clean
production standard, please refer to Table 8.3-1.
Table 8.3-1 Assessment of clean production process and equipment
Index 1 2 3 This project
Closed equipment for
CDQ process together
with bag-type dust Provided with
Coke Coke wet quenching
collector with dust bag-type dust
quenching equipment, coke quenching
removal efficiency collector with
Coking process tower with baffle
≥99%, advanced and dust removal
process and
reliable automatic efficiency
equipment
control system >99.6%,
Provided with bag-type Apply impulse or foam dust achieving
Coke
dust collector with dust collector with dust removal Class 1
screening and
removal efficiency efficiency ≥90%
transferring
>99%
According to Table 8.3-1, production process and equipment requirements of this project reach Class 1
of clean production requirements.
8.3.2 Index of Coke product
For comparison of coke product indexes of this project and that of standard, please refer to Table 8.3-2.
Table 8.3-2 Level assessment of clean production product from this CDQ system
Index 1 2 3 This project
Indexes such as Indexes such as Indexes such as
particle size and particle size and particle size and
strength meet the strength meet the strength meet the
requirements of requirements of requirements of Achieve Class 1
users. Qualification users. Qualification users. Qualification
rate of product ＞ rate of product is rate of product is
98% between 95％~98％ between 93％~95％
High-quality coke
generates less
pollutants during the
Coke has less impact Coke has more
process of iron
on the environment impact on the Achieve Class 1
Coke making, casting and
in use environment in use
iron alloy producing
and has less impact
on the environment.
Part of the coke is
transported with
It has very little It has relatively little It has relatively large closed equipment,
impact on the impact on the impact on the the dust is
environment during environment during environment during collected and
storage, transfer and storage, transfer and storage, transfer and removed at the
transportation transportation transportation dust generating
point, achieving
Class 1
According to Table 8.3-2, indexes of coke products in this project reach Class 1 level of clean
production requirements.
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8.3.3 Waste recycling index
For comparison of waste recycling indexes of coke-oven plant in this project and waste recycling level
in the standard, please refer to Table 8.3-3.
Table 8.3-3 Assessment of waste recycling level of this CDQ system
Index 1 2 3 This project
Waste Dust of coke All the dust is recycled (e.g. as raw material of Qualified
residues quenching and steel industry, used for producing moulded coal)
screening systems
In Table 8.3-3, the coke dust collected during process of coke quenching and screening is applied as
raw material for sintering system after being humidified and is used for multi-purposes in the plant. The
recycling rate of solid wastes reaches 100％. Hence, it meets the requirements of clean production
standard.
8.4 Index of environmental management requirement
For comparison of environmental management requirements of this project and those in the standard,
please refer to Table 8.4-1.
Table 8.4-1 Assessment of environmental management of clean production for this
CDQ system
This
Index Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3
project
The indexes are consistent with relevant national and local
environmental laws and regulations. Pollutant discharge
Standards of environmental
meets the requirements of national and local discharge Qualified
laws and regulations
standards, total volume control and pollutant discharge
license management.
Operation There is no
There is no
management of operation fault, There is no operation
operation fault,
coal loading, and the fault, and the Achieve
and the equipment
coke pushing, equipment equipment intact rate Class 1
intact rate reaches
coke quenching, intact rate reaches 98%.
95%.
etc. reaches 100%.
Staff of all
Staff of main Staff of main
On-the-job positions has Achieve
positions has been positions has been
training been strictly Class 1
strictly trained. generally trained.
trained.
Management Establish and
There is a
system of usage, strictly execute Establish and strictly
fundamental
Environ- maintenance and the execute the detail Achieve
management
mental inspection for consummate management system Class 1
system for main
manage- production management for equipment.
equipment.
ment equipment system.
during Install
production Management of measuring
water, instruments Make measurements Make
electricity, and establish for key links and measurements for Achieve
steam and gas strict establish quantitative water, electricity Class 1
for production quantitative evaluation system. and steam.
process evaluation
system.
Emergency
response of
accidents and
There is detail emergency response plan. Qualified
abnormal
production
conditions
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Environmental
management Established and managed by personnel specially assigned Qualified
organization
Consummate
the Consummate the
Relatively
environmental environmental
Environmental consummate
management management system Achieve
management environmental
system and and incorporate it Class 1
system management
incorporate it into daily
system
into daily management.
management.
Establish
short-term and Establish daily
Establish short-term
Environmental long-term plans and
plans and supervise Achieve
management plans and supervise
implementation of Class 1
plan supervise implementation of
them.
implementatio them.
Environ-
n of them.
mental
Record the
manage-
Operation operation data
ment Record the operation
management of and establish Record the
data and establish Achieve
environmental environmental operation data and
environmental Class 1
protection protection make statistics
protection archive.
facilities archive.
Monitoring
facilities are
Supervision Automatic monitoring facilities are
supplied for main Achieve
system of provided for main pollution sources and
pollution sources Class 1
pollution source pollutants of water, gas and noise.
and pollutants of
water, gas.
Provided with
computer Provided with
Information Regular Achieve
networking computer networking
intercourse intercourse Class 1
management management system
system
Supplier of raw
and
Safety and environmental protection requirements during
Environ- supplemental
packing, transporting and handling of raw and supplemental Qualified
mental materials,
materials shall be made clear in the service agreement.
Manage- co-operator and
ment of service provider
related Prevention of
Strictly perform in accordance with the disposal requirements
Party transferring
of hazardous wastes, establish machine account and make Qualified
hazardous
regular inspection.
wastes
All environmental management indexes of clean production for this project in Table 8.4-4 meet the
requirements of clean production.
8.5 Analysis on resource utilization and energy conservation
a) The generated output energy can be worked out in accordance with the process calculation:
In accordance with internal and external CDQ projects and production calibration results of Bao Steel,
WISCO, Ma Steel, PZH Steel, Anshan Steel and TGGC, steam generated by each ton of red coke is
0.5478t ~ 0.5923 t. The volume of steam generated by each ton of red coke is taken as 0.57t for
this project. Let the volume of hot coke generated per hour be 79.91t/h, 45.55t/h 3.83MPa steam at the
temperature of 450 can be generated after heat exchange of circulating inert gas, and the volume of
steam is taken as 45t/h. Extraction condensing generator unit is applied in this project (the design steam
extraction speed of this project is 20t/h), then:
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Steam supply annually 20t/h(0.981MPa)，20t/h×8160h/a＝163200t
Annual generation capacity is: 60286×103kWh/a
b) Energy saved:
Power consumption of the original coke wet quenching method: 23.75kWh/h; water consumption: 0.45
m3 per ton of coke. Hence, according to operation time of CDQ equipment: annual power saving
amount: 23.755kWh/h×8160h＝193800 kWh, annual water saving amount: 0.45 m3/t×652055t＝
293424 m3 .
In addition, it is recognized all over the world that coke ratio in blast furnace of CDQ process can be
reduced by 2％~3％. Hence, compared with coke wet quenching, the reduced coke consumption for
iron-making brought by reduction of coke ratio in blast furnace in CDQ process can be worked out:
The coke ratio in blast furnace of metallurgical coke is 652055t×(90%＋3.5％）×2.55%=15547t (90％
refers to coke ratio in blast furnace, coke nut into blast furnace is 3.5％; coke ratio reducing calculated
according to 2.55％.)
Sensible heat is recycled by means of CDQ process in this project. The consumed energy and energy
consumption working substance equals to 18,040t standard coal, the output energy equals to 51,538t
standard coal, and the recycled energy equals to 39,200t standard coal. Recycled energy per ton of coke
is equal to 1400MJ/t. For details, please see Table 8.4-5.
Estimation of energy consumption
Coefficients of
Converting into
No.: Project Title: converting into standard Physical quantity
standard coal (t)
coal
I Power consumption 15206
3 3
1 Fresh water for production 0.11 t/10 m 481 53
3 3
2 Desalting water 0.486 t/10 m 147 72
3 Compressed air 0.036 t/103m3 6364.8 230
3 3
4 Nitrogen gas 0.047 t/10 m 2203.2 104
5 Coke (burning loss) 0.9714t/t 6195 6018
6 Steam (0.981MPa) 0.10t/t 40800 4080
Steam (0.981MPa) 0.105t/t 588 62
7 Power 0.366t /103kWh 12534 4587
II Output and saved energy 54406
a) Product 39201
1 Steam (0.981MPa) 0.105t/t 163200 17136
2 Power 0.366 /103kWh 60286 22065
b Energy saved 15205
Volume of water saved by
1 disusing original coke wet 0.11 t/103m3 293.424 32
quenching process
Power saved by disusing
2 original coke wet quenching 0.366 t /103kWh 193.8 71
process
Coke saved by blast furnace
3 0.9714t/t 15547 15102
iron making process
III Energy recycled (II)-(I)=39,200 t standard coal
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Table 8.4-5 According to Table 8.4-5, the overall recycled energy amounts to 39,200t/a standard
coal after the CDQ system is put into service.
Heat of red coke is applied to generate steam in CDQ process which is itself a measure for rational
energy use and consumption. This process not only solves the problem of pollution brought by coke
wet quenching, but also recycles a large amount of heat.
Additionally, the following energy-saving measures are applied in the design:
Speed regulating hydraulic coupling is applied in dedusting system:
Energy-saving electromechanical devices are considered for power conservation.
Apply high-efficiency energy-saving water pump.
8.6 Conclusion of clean production assessment
This project adopts inert gas circulating system by engineering design, corresponding coke transferring
station, coke transfer gallery, waste heat boiler of CDQ process, turbine power plant, dust collector of
CDQ equipment, ground station for dust removal of coke dry quenching and coke screening building
and circulating water system based on quality level. The water reuse rate is 98.3％, volume of
generated pollutants compared with coke wet quenching is decreased largely, zero-emission of
production wastewater is realized essentially and all solid wastes are reused.
In summary, according to comprehensive analysis of each clean production index, all indexes of this
project basically reach or exceed the Class II standard of clean production and are relatively better than
other domestic competitors. Also, they are consistent with relevant regulations of Clean Production
Standard -Coking Industry (HJ/126-2003) and Development Policies for the Iron and Steel Industry
(July, 2005) and occupy the advanced position in clean production of domestic steel industry.
It is recommended by this assessment to establish strict internal management rules and regulations,
implement safe production guidance, make job training, execute post responsibility system, carry out
clean production auditing as soon as possible, strengthen quality management, improve environmental
management level, decrease pollutant discharge and increase the level of clean production further.
8.7 Analysis of Total Volume Control
(1) Total volume of air pollutants
This CDQ project effectively reduces the dust generated in original coke wet quenching process after
being put into operation, and there is no SO2 discharged which belongs to pollutant of total volume
control. Therefore, it is judged by this assessment that it is unnecessary to apply total volume of air
pollutants for this CDQ project.
(2) Total volume water pollutants
Wastewater with generation capacity of 1m3/d after this CDQ project being put into operation is water
seal water of CDQ oven. The wastewater is discharged into the current phenol-cyanogen wastewater
treatment station of coke-oven plant and will be applied as cooling water of blast furnace after being
treated and meeting relevant standards. Domestic sewage with generation capacity of 7.2m3/d is
discharged into the existing domestic sewage pipeline of SGIS. Staff of this department is re-assigned
within SGIS. Hence, as for water pollutants, it is judged by this assessment that it is unnecessary to
apply total volume of water pollutants for this CDQ project.
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9 Prevention Measures against Environmental Pollution &
Technical Feasibility Demonstration
9.1 Demonstration of exhaust gas control measures
9.1.1 Exhaust gas control measures taken for whole technical renovation
project
The coke dry quenching system emits pollutants which mainly consist of dust. The dust mainly comes
from chute top loading device of coke dry quenching (when loading coke), transport process of red
coke, coke removal device of dry quenching chute (continuous coke discharge), loading point and
transporting point of belt conveyor, emitting pipe outlet (when gas is emitted), pressure relief point of
recycle gas pipe (pressure relief in case of an accident), and dust humidification and loading point
(loading), etc.
a. The Treatment Measures to be adopted aiming to the above-mentioned Waste Gas Resources are the
following:
In the transportation of Red Cokes: Lids are covered for the Coke Tanks from the Lifting Tower to the
Coke Loading Mouth.
The mode of Electro-magnetic Vibrating Feeder combining with the Rotary Sealing Valves shall be
adopted for the Coke-discharging devices. The sealing covers shall be established for the Belt
Conveyors, and the dust-suction points shall also be installed at the Coke Discharging Outlets and
Materials-receiving Points of Belt Conveyors for leading the smoke into the Ground Dust Removal
Station for the final emission for the smoke after being de-dusted and purified.
c. The exhausted gas from the CDQ Trench Bleeding Pipes and the normal Recycling Gas Bleeding
Pipes shall be introduced into the Dust Removing System through the blast-caps connected with the
de-dusting pipes for the emission after being de-dusted. The System Emergency Bleeding Pipes and the
Recycling Gas Pressure Relief Points are used for the emergency case: the produced gas here is
exhausted into the air directly.
d. Coke dry quenching is equipped with two integrated dust removal systems respectively at coke
screening building and at transporting station, which are jointly constructed as a ground dust
removal station. The dust remover has a dust removal air volume of 200000m3/h and 125000m3/h. Dust
collector is provided at all dust production point.
The de-dusting devices of the Dust Removing System shall all be adopted the Off-line Pulse Bag Filter
De-dusters, with the dust removing efficiency over 99.6%. The process of the de-dusting system is as
the following:
Each de-dusting points of CDQ Oven, the Belt Conveyor Heads of Transfer Station, Tail De-dusting
Points-De-dusting Channels-Coarse-grains Separator--- Pulse Bag Filter De-dusters-De-dusting
ventilator-being exhausted into the air.
The dust concentration of the exhausted waste gas of the CDQ Dust Removing Station shall be no more
than 30mg/m3. The wasted gas of the two sets of de-dusting devices shall be respectively exhausted into
the air through the chimney being 28m high, with the discharging concentration and rates
complying with Level II Standard as120mg/m3 of the 2nd section, regulated by the Emission limitss for
the Air Pollutants of Guangdong Province(DB4427-2001) .
Besides that, the closed structure shall be adopted for the Coke Transfer Station and Corridor.
As to the main section where coke dusts are produced, dust control measures of the coke dry quenching
system are described in detail as follows:
9.1.2 Exhaust gas control measures and environmental protection measures
take for the coke dry quenching system
Relatively perfect seal and dust removal measures are taken for the coke dry quenching device: Smokes
and dusts, which are generated from coke loading, code discharge of CDQ devices, dispersed from
pre-storage chamber and ventilator, etc., all enter the CDQ ground station dedusting system for
dispersing after dust removal.
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Dust collection measures for coke intake in CDQ top
The coke intake of the CDQ top is set with an annular water seal block. The lifting sealing cover of the
coke funnel cuts into the water seal block to form a water seal, preventing dust spillover. Meanwhile,
the coke funnel connects the movable dust pumpings. Inside of the funnel is of negative pressure,
which pumps a large amount of smokes and dusts into the dust pumping during coke intake, to reduce
dust proliferation. In order to minimize dust spread during replacement of water seal cover and coke
receiving hopper, oven top pressure keeps at -30Pa to -50Pa before the water seal cover is uncovered.
And the adoption of linkage mechanism for hopper and oven cover shortens replacement time, which
enables the gas in the oven not to escape as far as possible.
Dust collection measures for coke discharge in CDQ
The coke removal device adopts grid seal-valve continuous removal device with good air tightness
which can seal the flue dusts produced during coke removal; at the same time, nitrogen is filled into the
housing of coke removal device to resist the pressure of gas inside the oven and avoid escape of recycle
air.
In addition, dust extraction pipes are provided for the coke removal chute and over the loading point of
belt conveyor to extract the flue dust produced at coke removal into the pipe without dust escape which
pollutes operation environment.
Measures for ventilation in CDQ device
The gases from dispersing pipes in CDQ pre-storage chamber and circulating ventilator are pumped
into the dedusting system in ground stations and processed by bag filters and dispersed.
Leak proof measures of gas circulating system
Expansion and shrinkage due to start, stop and temperature fluctuation tend to cause air leaks at joints.
Therefore, a high temperature compensator is provided between dry quenching oven and primary dust
remover, and between primary dust remover and coke dry quenching oven, and many low temperature
compensators are also provided on the recycle gas pipe behind the blower.
9.1.3 Feasibility analysis of exhaust control measures for coke dry quenching project
According to the operation experiences from the coke dry quenching projects at home and abroad, and
from the dust removal facilities of coke dry quenching system being operated by Baosteel, Wusteel,
Masteel, Pansteel, Ansteel and Tongsteel, etc., pulse bag dust remover has an efficiency of over 99.6%,
and operates stably.
All dust removers of the Coke Dry Quenching Project are designed to have an air volume bigger than
actually produced air volume, and the dust removers of the Project have a collection rate of over 99.9%
through analogue, and all dust production points are in closed, semi-closed condition, which fully meet
the need for air extraction at dust removal points.
Based on the above description, the dust removal facilities used in the Project are feasible, and can
meet relevant requirements set in Atmospheric Pollutant Emission limits of Guangdong Province
(DB4427-2001).
9.2 Demonstration of wastewater control measures
Wastewater produced in the Project includes production wastewater, sanitary sewage and clean sewage.
Sewage treatment measures include:
The water for the Water-sealing and Water-drainage of CDQ Oven is 1 m3/d or so. After the
sedimentation, the water goes into the current Phenol-cyanogen Wastewater Treatment System. After
reaching the standards through the treatment, the water serves for the make-up water of the BF Water
Slag System.
7.2 m3/d of domestic wastewater is collected by the existing sanitary sewage system of the coke oven
plant.
960 m3/d clean sewage enters the clean water system of the plant, and is used as slag removal water for
blast oven, applicable for work sections where the water quality is not high.
9.2.1 Feasibility analysis of production sewage treatment measures
(1) Existing phenol-cyanogen wastewater treatment technology the Plant
The phenol-cyanogen wastewater treatment station has a capacity of 2000m3/d, and the wastewater
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produced by #4 and #5 coke ovens totals 720 m3/d. therefore; the wastewater treatment station has
adequate capacity to deal with 1 m3/d water seal water discharge of the dry quenching oven. The A2/O
biological denitrification process flow is adopted in the wastewater treatment facility, which is outlined
as following:
After passing through a series of preconditioning process of mix, degreasing, and dilution, wastewater
is sent into the biological treatment system for further removing pollutants of the volatile phenol,
cyanide, COD, ammonia nitrogen, and petroleum contained in the wastewater.
A2/O technology, an abbreviation of Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic, is shortened from a denitrogenation and
dephosphorization technology through anaerobic-anoxic-oxic organism. A2/O technology was
developed in 1970s by a US expert based on anaerobic-oxic dephosphorization technology (A/O
technology). An anoxic pool is added in anaerobic-oxic dephosphorization technology (A/O
technology), and part of fluid mixture that flows out of the oxic pool flows back to the front end of the
anoxic pool to achieve denitrogenation through nitrification.
A2/O technology has the function of removal of organism, denitrogenation through nitrification and
dephosphorization. The prerequisite of denitrogenation is complete nitrification of NH3-N, which can
be completed through oxic pool. The anoxic pool achieves denitrogenation function, and anaerobic and
oxic pools jointly achieve dephosphorization function. See Figure9.2-1 for its simple process.
The water quality of output water of the Project meets Level I standard requirements set out in
paragraph 20 in Water Pollutant Emission limits (DB44/26-2001).
Figure 9.2-1 Available Sewage Processing Flow
Feasibility of incorporation of production sewage into the treatment facility in the CDQ Project
For the influent and effluent water quality of wastewater treatment station, see Table 9.2-1.
Table 9.2-1 In/out water quality index for the phenol/cyanide sewage water treatment station
(unit: mg/l, except pH)
suspend
Volatile Ammonia Petroleu ed
Items CODcr Cyanide pH
Phenol Nitrogen m particula
te
Influent water
<3500 <700 <20 <150 <50 <100 7~8
quality
Water-sealing
Water of CDQ <1500 <500 <5 <150 <50 <100 7~8
Oven
Effluent water
≤90 ≤0.3 ≤0.3 ≤10 ≤5.0 ≤60 6.5~7.5
quality
It can be seen from Table 9.2-1 that the water quality of water seal water discharge of dry quenching
oven of the CDQ Project meets the acceptable standard of the existing phenol-cyanogen wastewater
treatment station in the Plant.
The phenol-cyanogen wastewater treatment station has a capacity of 2000m3/d, and the wastewater
produced by 4# and 5# coke ovens totals 720 m3/d. therefore, the wastewater treatment station has
adequate capacity to deal with 1 m3/d water seal water discharge of the dry quenching oven.
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The Coke Wet Quenching will stop operation after the implementation of this technical innovation
project, which, meeting standard, is used as compensation water for slag removal water of blast oven,
spraying water of raw material plant and for work section in the plant where water quality requirement
is not high, so as to achieve zero discharge of the Plant.
9.2.2 Feasibility analysis of sanitary sewage treatment measures
Take SGIS as a whole, the domestic sewage is discharged only after preliminary treatment. Therefore,
domestic sewage treatment needs to be strengthened in the whole plant.
Since the phenol-cyanogen wastewater treatment station of the Coking Plant has adequate capacity to
deal with about 95m3/d sanitary sewage of the Plant, and A2/O technology is a common technology for
sanitary sewage treatment. It is suggested that the sanitary sewage of the Plant be treated by the
phenol-cyanogen wastewater treatment station.
The integrated sewage treatment plant of the SGIS group is under planning, including 2X104m3/d
sanitary sewage treatment device, which can be incorporated into the integrated sewage treatment plant
according to production need.
9.2.3 Construction of sewage treatment plant of SGIS group
The integrated sewage treatment plant of SGIS group is under planning, and is described in detail as
follows:
(1)To strengthen technical reconstruction for the water treatment facilities of the existing production
units so that all indexes of water treatment meet the national and local control standard and water
recycle rate reaches over 90%.
(2)To build a plant-wide sanitary sewage and production sewage treatment plant, consider sewage
recycle, and strive to achieve zero discharge.
The water quality of sewage after treatment will meet Level I discharge standard in Water Pollutants
Discharge limits of Guangdong Province (DB44/26-2001). Recycled sewage meets the requirements of
industrial recycle water, and recycled water meets Specifications on Design of Industrial Recycled
Cooling Water Treatment (GB50050-95) and the water quality standard for industrial water of SGIS.
(3) Design scale
Capacity of the domestic sewage treatment plant: 2.0×104m3 per day. In consideration that resident
numbers in eastern area account for 50% respectively compared with western area, Red Flag area and
Northern area, 1# and 2# sub-plants of the sanitary sewage treatment plant are designed to have a
capacity of 1.0X104m3/d, covering an area totaling 1400m2 ~2300 m2.
Production sewage treatment plant: the designed capacity of the sewage treatment facility at the main
discharge out is 8.0×104m3/d, covering an area of 6300m2 ~9600m2 in total which demands rural land
requisition.
(4) Treatment technology
1 and 2 sub-plant for sanitary sewage treatment (10,000m3/d each)
Adopt "Diatomite sewage treatment technology".
Production sewage treatment plant (80,000m3/d)
Adopt "Diatomite sewage treatment technology" and "biochemical sewage treatment technology".
(5) Use of recycled water
Over 85% of the water used in SGIS is industrial water, 70% of which is cooling water with low water
quality requirement. Substitution of recycled water for production new water for industrial recirculating
cooling is easy to realize technically and in engineering, and allows to reduce consumption of new
water per ton steel in SGIS. Therefore, the recycled water after treatment in the production sewage
treatment plant of SGIS can be mainly used for industry recirculating cooling. At the same time, it can
be considered to collect initial rainwater which will be used for production in several times.
(6) Progress
The construction of SGIS sewage treatment plant is at the stage of report and environment assessment,
and its supporting documents are given in Appendix.
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9.3 Demonstration of Solid Waste Control Measures
Only the single type solid waste, coke dust of about 3,262.8t/a collected by the dust-removal system, is
produced in the process of production of the CDQ project. The humidified coke dust is completely and
comprehensively utilized by delivering to the coal preparation workshop with carrier vehicles and
incorporating in coking coal, or delivering to the sinter plant as per requirements as the raw material.
9.4 Demonstration of Noise Control Measures
There are many types of equipment in the Project that produce noise, with big source strength. On
condition that technology is ensured during design, try to select low-noise equipment. Try to reduce the
impact of noise on the surrounding environment by reducing noise through control of source strength
and transmission means.
Equipment model selection
The noise source strength of the Project is 80~115dB (A). Take care to select high precision, good
quality and low noise equipment.
Installation of noise silencer
A noise silencer is installed at the inlet and outlet of Roots blower and air compressor, which produce
aerodynamic noise, to reduce its noise source strength. Such measures as vibration isolation and
absorption are taken for those equipment that produce noise as a result of operation, such as grinding
machine.
Optimized layout
Arrange the equipment with bigger noise source strength far away from the sensitive points in the
surrounding area.
Noise isolation by sealing
Sealed workshop is adopted in the Project for the layout noise source, and soundproof room is arranged
in the workshop. Try to use building and structure to block the transmission of acoustic wave. At the
same time, try to strengthen afforesting outside workshop and at plant border area, and use its screening
to isolate noise to a certain extent and reduce impact on its surrounding environment.
Oven noise
When the oven discharges gas, it produces higher level noise which can be heard several kilometers
away. Therefore, during design phase of the Project, take care to select noise silencer with big silence
volume when selecting silencers for discharge port of oven.
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10 Public Participation
10.1 Purpose and Significance of Public Participation
The purpose of public participation is to understand and master extensively demands and opinions of
the public to the project construction, and their attitude toward environmental problems caused by the
project construction; stressing the importance of relationship and communication between the parties of
project and the public, the public participation is one of the important parts of the environmental
assessment work, which is an effective method to perfect decision-making, being helpful to deepen
understanding of the potential impacts from the proposed project, helpful to determine and alternatives
or design schemes as well as measures to reduce pollution, helpful to gain understanding and support of
the mass in the region around the proposed project more extensively. All of views from the public
participation shall be reported to the relevant administrative departments, which is favor of that the
important issues which are possibly caused by the project related to the public are to be resolved.
10.2. Stage and Mode of Public Participation
According to requirements of the Regulation for Public Participation in the Environmental
Impact Assessment (Huan Fa 006 [No.28]) and the Implementation opinion for public participation in
environmental management of construction projects in Guangdong Province (Yue Huan [2007] No. 99),
three stages of public participation for this project have been conducted.
10.2.1 Phase I: Project EIA Information Publicity
From February 27, 2008 to March 18, 2008, the construction unit publicized the information of this
project on the website of Shaoguan Environmental Protection Bureau http://www.sgepb.gov.cn/ and the
website of Shaoguan People’s Government http://www.shaoguan.gov.cn/ respectively. See Diagram
10.2-1
According to the related regulations of Interim Measures for Public Participation in the Environmental
Impact Assessment (Huan Fa 006 [No.28]), the contents for this time of information publicity mainly
include: the name and outline of the construction project; the construction unit and the contact
means of the construction project; the name and the contact means of the environmental impact
assessment unit undertaking the environmental impact assessment task; the working procedure and
main working contents of the environmental impact assessment task; the main proceedings and
means for seeking public suggestions and opinions.
10.2.2 Phase II: Public Participation in Preparation Stages of Report
In the process of compiling report, public participation was conducted by issuing the public
questionnaires and communicating with the village committees of surrounding residential points.
Meanwhile, feedback means and channels were made to public, including telephone numbers, fax
numbers, E-mail addresses and the post address.
10.2.3 Phase III: Publicity of Simplified Version of Report
After the EIA report was completed initially, the abridged edition of report was announced separately
on the external website of Shaoguan Environmental Protection Bureau http://www.sgepb.gov.cn/ and
the external website of the EIA unit namely Huana Environmental Science Research Institute
www.scies.com.cn from March 25, 2008 ~ April 18, 2008. Then EIA results were announced at each
main environmental sensitive point and specific follow-up visits were carried out. Refer to Figure
10.2-2 for details.
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Website of Shaoguan Environmental Protection Bureau
Website of Shaoguan People’s Governmen
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Figure 10.2-2 Picture of the simplified version of the Report
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Figure 10.2-3 Announcement activity photos of EIA
information announcement
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10.3 Mode and Scope of Investigation
1) Mode of the investigation
Public investigation was held based on progress of the EIA from April 8, 2008 to April 11, 2008, mainly by
the cooperation of EIA holding organ and the Unit of the Project. The modes of written questionnaire and
on-site consulting are mainly adopted, all investigations are recorded with real names. For details of
questionnaire contents, please refer to Table 10.3-1 of public survey.
2) Scope of the investigation
According to related regulations in the CIRCULAR on the Implementation opinion for public participation
in environmental management of construction projects in Guangdong Province (Yue Huan [2007] No. 99),
the investigation scope of this project includes government agencies, organs, and surrounding residential
points and villages around the plant address reconstructed, etc. which are involved by CDQ clean
production reconstructed project on 4.3m coke oven in the Coking Plant. The investigation scope of the
public participation mainly includes Old Xiaojiang Village, Shanzibei Village, Liantang Village, Dayuantou
Village, New Xiaojiang Village, Daping Village, Shuibei Village, Yumin Village, Shaogang No.1 Middle
School and Maba No.3 Middle School, all within 1km around the plant.
3) The investigation subjects
The subjects to be investigated are representatives of individuals or regional groups directly affected, and
they are mainly registered residents, staff of SGIS as well as representatives of local society around
construction project.
4) The people number for investigation
Total 100 questionnaires were sent out in this investigation, and actually 97 valid questionnaires were
recovered, of which effective recovery rate was 97%; the name, occupation, education level, place of
residence etc. of the respondents were recorded simultaneously.
10.4 Result Analysis of Public Investigation
10.4.1 Statistics on Investigated People Circumstances of Public Participation
1) Distribution and composition of public representatives in scope of project environmental impact
The project locates in the area of land used by SGIS. According to survey on the site of the project, it’s
decided that the surveyed core public representatives in scope of project environment (including risks and
accidents) impact are mainly persons from Old Xiaojiang Village, New Xiaojiang Village, Daping Village,
Shanzibei Village, Dayuantou Village, Liantang Village, Yumin Village, Shuibei Village, Shaogang No.1
Middle School and Maba No.3 Middle School, all within 1km around the project. Core public
representatives are 87 in total, accounting for 89.7% of all people under survey. Moreover, in this
assessment, staff of SGIS and residents from Meihua Zhai and Maba Town and other residential areas
around the project were also investigated, 10 in total, accounting for 10.3% of all people under survey. For
regional distribution of the investigated people, refer to Table 10.4-1.For statistics of the structure of public
representatives; refer to Table 10.4-2.
Table 10.4-1 Regional Distribution of Investigated People Involved Public Participation
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Types of the Public Distribution Quantity Proportion (%)
Old Xiaojiang Village 12 12.4
Liantang Village 12 12.4
Shanbeizi Village 9 9.3
Dayuantou village 9 9.3
The public in scope of New Xiaojiang Village 11 11.3
project environmental
impact Shaogang No. 1 Middle School 10 10.3
Maba No. 3 Primary School 8 8.2
Daping Village 6 6.2
Shuibei Village 5 5.2
Yumin Village 5 5.2
SGIS 5 5.2
Others Meihuazhai Village 2 20.6
Maba Town 3 30.9
Total 97 100.0
Table 10.4-2 Statistics of Structure of Public Representatives under Survey
All the public under
Public in Affect Scope Others
Structure of survey
Category
people Proportion Proportion Numbe Proportion
Number Number
(%) (%) r (%)
Less than 30 6 6.9 3 3.4 9 10.3
30-40 years old 38 43.7 4 4.6 42 48.3
Age 41-50 years old 22 25.3 4 4.6 26 29.9
51-60 years old 15 17.2 0 0.0 15 17.2
More than 60 5 5.7 0 0.0 5 5.7
Primary to junior
40 46.0 1 1.1 41 47.1
middle school
High/secondary
Education 32 36.8 3 3.4 35 40.2
school
level
College 14 16.1 4 4.6 18 20.7
College and
1 1.1 2 2.3 3 3.4
above
Farmer 38 43.7 1 1.1 39 44.8
Worker 25 28.7 5 5.7 30 34.5
Occupatio Education 14 16.1 0 0.0 14 16.1
n Businessman 4 4.6 1 1.1 5 5.7
Cadre 2 2.3 2 2.3 4 4.6
Others 4 4.6 1 1.1 5 5.7
Total 87 100.0 10 100.0 97 100.0
2) Analysis of surveyed representatives of public participation
The basic situation statistics result of people who involved the investigation of public participation shows
that:
The people involved in this investigation are mainly representatives of individuals or groups who are
affected directly by construction of this Project, wherein 89.7% of investigated number are the public in
scope of project environmental impact.
The returned questionnaires show: people taking part in the public participation survey are mostly
local residents within 1km around the plant boundaries of SGIS, who are relatively familiar with the place
where the project is located; people surveyed generally have an education of junior high school up to
university, and they can reflect views of comparative objectivity and thoroughness. Therefore, the
investigating result of the public participation has a certain representation.
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10.4.2 Overall Findings of Public Participation Survey
1) The statistics on investigation result
The results of survey on the public in scope of project environmental impact, other public people and all 97
people effectively surveyed are summed up respectively and analyzed in an all-round way, and conclusions
are made accordingly. For details of comprehensive statistical results, refer to Table 10.4.3.
Table 10.4-3 Statistical Table for Investigation Result of Public Participation
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Public in Affect Scope Others All Public
Questions Opinion Proportion Proportion Proportion
Copies Copies Copies
(%) (%) (%)
1. Do you know well about 1) Know well 4 4.6 3 30.0 7 7.2
the construction of this 2) Know a little bit 58 66.7 3 30.0 61 62.9
project? 3) I don’t know at all 25 28.7 4 40.0 29 29.9
1) Good 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0
2. How is the environment
2) Average 50 57.5 8 80.0 58 59.8
at the place you live?
3) Bad 37 42.5 2 20.0 39 40.2
1) Air pollution 50 57.5 6 60.0 56 57.7
3. According to you, what’s
2) water pollution 12 13.8 2 20.0 14 14.4
the most important problem
3) Noise pollution 24 27.6 2 20.0 26 26.8
of the local environment?
4) No pollution 1 1.1 0 0.0 1 1.0
1) positive impact 43 49.4 3 30.0 46 47.4
4.In your opinion, does the 2) More positive impact
32 36.8 6 60.0 38 39.2
construction of this project than negative one
impact your life and work? 3) Negative impact 11 12.6 0 0.0 11 11.3
4) I don’t know at all 1 1.1 1 10.0 2 2.1
5. According to you, to 1) Much impact 57 65.5 0 0.0 57 58.8
what degree will this project 2) little impact 30 34.5 10 100.0 40 41.2
pose impact on the
3) No impact 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0
environment?
1) Construction noises 28 32.2 3 30.0 31 32.0
6. What kind of main 2) Construction dusts 24 27.6 5 50.0 29 29.9
environmental problem do 3) Construction wastes 3 3.4 2 20.0 5 5.2
you think will possibly arise 4) Occupied land 17 19.5 0 0.0 17 17.5
during construction of the 5) construction
10 11.5 0 0.0 10 10.3
project? wastewater
6) traffic control 5 5.7 0 0.0 5 5.2
7. What kind of main 1) noises 32 36.8 2 20.0 34 35.1
environmental problem do 2) waste gas 40 46.0 6 60.0 46 47.4
you think will possibly arise 3) wastewater 12 13.8 1 10.0 13 13.4
after the project is put into 4) solid wastes 3 3.4 1 10.0 4 4.1
full operation? 5) others 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0
1) positive impact 49 56.3 5 50.0 54 55.7
8. How do you think that
2) more positive impact
this project will play an role 26 29.9 3 30.0 29 29.9
than negative one
of residents employment in
3) Negative impact 10 11.5 0 0.0 10 10.3
the region you live in?
4) I don’t know at all 2 2.3 2 20.0 4 4.1
9. How do you think that 1) positive impact 51 58.6 4 40.0 55 56.7
construction of this project 2) more positive impact
12 13.8 5 50.0 17 17.5
impacts economic than negative one
development in region you 3) Negative impact 7 8.0 0 0.0 7 7.2
live in? 4) I don’t know at all 17 19.5 1 10.0 18 18.6
10. In your opinion, 1) yes 30 34.5 5 50.0 35 36.1
whether the measures taken 2) no 6 6.9 1 10.0 7 7.2
during construction and
operation of this project are 3) I don’t know at all 51 58.6 4 40.0 55 56.7
perfect or not?
11. If the Unit of the Project 1) Supportive 62 71.3 8 80.0 70 72.2
takes effective 2) Whatever 20 23.0 2 20.0 22 22.7
environmental protection
measures, whether you
3) Opposed 5 5.7 0 0.0 5 5.1
support construction of this
project?
Based on the statistics of the survey findings, a general view can be obtained:
1) People surveyed indicate their knowledge of the Project: 8.2% say yes, 62.9% say they have some
knowledge of it, and people who say no accounts for 28.9%.The survey results show that the majority of
the people have little understanding of the Project. It is proposed that the owners make greater efforts to
publicize the Project so that the people have more understanding of it and to avoid circumstances of
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misunderstanding due to a lack of knowledge of the Project on the part of the people.
2) The number of people who think the existing situation of the local environment is passable account for
59.8%; those who consider that it is poor account for 40.2%. The survey shows that the majority of the
people currently living in the area think the quality of the environment is passable, but the environmental
existing situation needs to be improved.
3) 57.7% of the people surveyed believe the main local environmental problem for the present is air
pollution; instead, 26.8% believe it is noise pollution, 14.4 % believe it is water pollution, and one person
thinks there is no pollution. The results show that the vast majority of the people surveyed have a rather
focused awareness of the local environmental problems.
4) 47.4% of the people surveyed believe the construction and operation of the Project is conducive to
local life and economic development, 39.2% believe the advantages outweigh the disadvantages, 11.3%
believe the Project would have a negative impact, 2 persons think there is no effect. The survey shows that
the majority of the people believe that the Project will certainly have an impact on their own lives and the
local economic development.
5) 58.8% of the people surveyed believe the Project would have a greater impact on the environment
than what is believed by the other 41.2%. The survey shows that the majority of the people interviewed
consider the Project would have certain impact on the environment. The Unit of the Project should increase
publicity efforts on the masses on the basis of the implementation of various environmental protection
measures; so that they have a better knowledge of the environmental measures supporting the Project, and
to eliminate their concerns over the possible environmental impact of this Project.
6) People think that the possible environmental problems during the Project construction come primarily
from construction noise (32 %) and construction dust (29.9%), followed by land requisition (17.5%),
construction wastewater (10.3%), and finally, construction garbage (5.2 per cent) and traffic management
(5.2 %).The survey shows that the vast majority of the respondents have a rather focused awareness of the
possible environmental issues related to the Project construction.
7) People think the possible environmental problems, after the Project is put into full operation, will
primarily be gas emissions (47.4%) and noise (35.1%), followed by wastewater (13.4%), and finally, solid
waste (accounting for 4.1 %). The survey shows that the vast majority of the respondents have a rather
focused awareness of the possible environmental issues related to the Project operation.
8) 55.7% of the people surveyed believe the Project would be conducive to the development of local
economy, 29.9% believe the advantages outweigh the disadvantages, and 10.3% believe the effect will be
negative, while 4.1% show no interest. The survey shows that the majority of the people believe the Project
will play a facilitating role on the employment opportunities of local residents.
9) 56.7% of the people surveyed believe the Project would be conducive to the development of local
economy, 17.5% believe the advantages outweigh the disadvantages, and 7.2% believe the effect will be
negative, while 18.6% show no interest. The survey shows that the majority of the people believe the
Project will have a beneficial impact on the development of local economy.
10) 36.1% of the people surveyed find perfection in the measures taken for the construction and operation
of the Project, 7.2% think they are not perfect, while 56.7% show no interest. The survey shows that the
majority of the people have little knowledge of the measures taken for the Project. It is proposed that the
Unit of the Project give greater publicity to let more people have a thorough understanding of
environmental measures for the Project and eliminate misunderstanding or concern over the Project
because of ignorance.
11) If the Project Unit takes effective environmental protection measures, people who support the
construction of the Project would account for 72.2%, those who express it is indifferent account for 22.7%,
while 5.1% represent they do not support. The survey shows that the majority of the people support the
Project, but there are a small number of people who are against it. The Unit of the Project should make
every effort to implement environmental protection measures to minimize the impact of the Project on the
environment and, on the basis of this, should make greater publicity efforts to eliminate misunderstanding
of the Project on the part of the masses due to ignorance. In addition, the Unit of the Project should step up
communication with the neighboring residents, understand in a timely manner the impact on their life by
the operation of the Project, and try to reconcile the contradictions on both sides.
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10.4.3 Opinion Survey and Clarification on Feedback
10.4.3.1 Main Objections
There are 5 of the people have expressed in written form that they do not support this project construction.
These 5 people are distributed separately in the Old Xiaojiang Village(3 people), New Xiaojiang Village(2
people), which opinions are summarized as follows:
1) The construction of the Project in the rural areas has brought air pollution, noise pollution, dust
pollution and water pollution, contaminated vegetables and crops, and brought to the local villagers serious
economic losses and health hazards.
2) The construction of the Project caused closure of the ways of access to the village and adversely
affects the life of the villagers; hence, demanding the plant to open the roads.
3) The construction of the Project have resulted in serious economic losses to the surrounding
countryside, fish farms, and crops, inflicting harm on the health of people; hence, demanding the plant to
pay attention to resolving the existing problems.
10.4.3.2 Opinion Survey and Clarification on Feedback
1) Traffic management and security issues during construction: the Unit of the Project will see to it
that the construction unit shall adopt standard protective measures, make good use of notices and traffic
control during construction, avoid causing inconvenience as far as possible to villagers’ life around the
construction site .
2) Air pollution, water pollution and other issues during operation: after the completion of the
technical renovation of the project, there will not be production wastewater, only a small amount of
domestic wastewater which will not affect the drinking water quality of nearby residents. Moreover, after
the technical renovation, emissions of air pollutants will be drastically reduced. The Project itself is a clean
production project. The Unit of the Project commits itself to take effective environmental protection
measures, and increase the intensity of publicity to surrounding residents, so that they understand the
environmental protection measures supporting the Project are capable of avoiding environmental impact to
a maximum degree, and can be run stable and safe.
3) Economic losses by the construction of the project: This project can effectively collect gas from
SGIS and reduce gas emission impact on the environment while conserving energy. Therefore, the
operation will not cause serious economic losses; on the contrary, it will play a facilitating role in
improving the local environment. It will have a positive impact on the economy. In order to alleviate the
misunderstanding and resentment of the masses, and reduce the pressure of running the Project, the Unit of
the Project will strengthen communication with the public, and carry out exchange of views on the vital
interests which concern them.
10.4.4 Summary of Opinion Feedback and Commitment on Part of Unit of the
Project
Based on statistics of the public participation survey, the 5.1% of people who object to the construction of
the Project mainly live in the surrounding area. Key public concerns involve the questions of disturbance in
the construction period of the Project and security issues, as well as possible air, water pollution problems
during operation. A return visit on the part of the Unit of the Project was paid to Villages Da Yuantou, Lao
Xiaojiang and Xin Xiaojiang, where the opinions were comparatively focused, and commitment was made
related to pollution prevention and control measures; for detail, and opinion summary and commitment of
the Unit of the Project, see Table 10.4 - 1.
All the people visited agree with the various environmental protection measures and management programs
which are to be adopted on the part of the Unit of the Project, and expressed support and active cooperation
with the Project's construction.
Table 10.4-1 Summary of public opinions and response measures
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The number of
Response measures by the Unit of the
No.: people with the Summary of opinions
Project
same opinion
1. Possible air and water Response 1: take effective sewage, air
pollution caused during the pollution control measures to reduce the
period of operation of the pollution.
Project Response 2: construction unit implements
1 3
2. Road closed up due to the the standardized construction protection
project construction will pose measures, and issue announcements and
significant impact. take traffic control during the construction
period.
1. Serious economic losses to Response 2: take effective environmental
the surrounding rural areas, fish protection measures to reduce the
2 2
farms and crops caused by the pollution, and strengthen communication
construction of the Project with the public.
10.5 Public Opinions on Notice of Simplified Version of Report
No opinion received during the period of the notice
10.6 Conclusion on Public Participation
According to the statistical result of the public participation survey form issued, generally, 72.2% of the
respondents expressed support of the Project, 22.7% of the respondents said it does not matter one way or
another, 5.1% of the respondents clearly expressed opposition due to concerns over air, water pollution,
traffic inconvenience and economic losses during construction of the Project. People who raise objections
mostly are villagers of the surrounding area, their main opinions represent that they do not have enough
confidence on the Project, and worry that the Project will affect the drinking water quality security of the
Meihua River and cause air pollution. But after further communication as well as the commitments made
by the owner, the people who opposed the Project are able to understand and support the implementation of
the Project and its construction.
So, if the Unit of the Project take measures on the “3 wastes” treatment in accordance with the
requirements of environmental protection, meet emission standards, strictly implement the various
management measures and safety precautions proposed by the EIA report, and reduce the impact on the life
of the residents and on the environment following the completion of the Project, the majority of the public
support the construction of the Project.
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11 Analyses of Compliance to Industrial Policies and Location
Reasonability
11.1 Analysis of Compliance to State Industrial Policy
(1) Compliance to Guiding Directory for Industrial Structure Adjustment (Decree No.40, the National
Development and Reform Commission)
As prescribed by Decree No.40 of the National Development and Reform Commission, dry quenching is a
project to be encouraged.
(2) Analysis of Compliance to Development Policies for the Iron and Steel Industry (July, 2005)
Policy objectives
The objectives prescribed in the Development Policies for the Iron and Steel Industry is to “improve
environmental protection and resource comprehensive utilization, save energy and reduce dissipation based
on the concept of sustainable development and recycling economy.” Improve the comprehensive
utilization of waste gases to the maximum, wastewater and wastes to the greatest extent, in order to build a
recycling steel factory with zero emission. The steel enterprise must develop technologies of reusing
residual heat and energy to generate electricity. ”
This dry quenching technique absorbs the heat of red cokes by using recycling inert gasses, which generate
steams from desalted water through the heat swapper, and power is generated by the generator group, thus
the heat energy is recycled. During the whole treatment process, dual recycling water systems are utilized
to avoid producing wastewater, and to basically achieve “zero-emission”; the close circulation of gases and
dust collection reduce the production of dusts during the process of wet quenching; techniques of recycling
and reusing energies and resources such as transformed heat, smoke, dusts and residues etc., to improve the
efficiency of energy utilization, resource recycling utilization and the environment.
Improves the comprehensive utilization of resources, and contributes to the creation of a recycling steel
factory. This project complies with the objectives in the Development Policies for the Iron and Steel
Industry.
Policy for industrial techniques
The objectives prescribed in the Development Policies for the Iron and Steel Industry are that “the steel
enterprises must development technologies of recycling residual heat and energies to generate power; steel
joint ventures with a capacity of more than 5 million tons should strive to achieve power self-supply and
produce superfluous power”, “the coke oven must complement the dry quenching device and match the
dust collection device”, “the enterprise should adopt techniques like dry quench and joint recycling power
generation by gas and steam according to the requirement of developing recycling economy”, and “the
circular utilization of water should be more than 95%”.
This dry quenching system is equipped with a set of JNG86-1(90/h) dry quenching device, dust collection
and removal devices and dry quenching boilers. The circular utilization of water is 98.3%. The dusts
collected by the dust remover constitute the solid wastes, which are moistened and sent to the sinter
workshop as raw materials. Compared to the original wet quenching method, dry quenching improves the
utilization efficiency of energies, the recycling utilization of resources and the environment. This project
complies with the industrial technique policy in the Development Policies for the Iron and Steel
Industry.
(3) Compliance to Some Opinions on Rectifying and Standardizing of Coke Industry
According to the requirement of Some Opinions on Rectifying and Standardizing of Coke Industry issued
by National Development and Reform Commission and Environmental Protection Bureau, that is
depending on the advance of science and technology to make innovation in energy saving of coke oven.
Large enterprises are encouraged to actively adopt new energy-saving and environmentally protective
techniques, such as coke dry quenching (CDQ) etc. to alter the existing coke enterprises, improve
production technique level and product quality, reduce energy dissipation and improve the environment.
In response to the above requirements, the project replaces the traditional wet quenching technique with
advanced dry quenching technique, i.e. new JNG86-1 dry quenching devices with a processing capacity of
1×90t/h are built. Dry quenching can basically resolve the problem of red coke recycle. The recycled
energy is 39,200 tons of standard coal, and 1,400MJ of energy is recycled per ton. The recycled energy can
generate a power of 60,286×103kWh.
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Devices altered using this technique can produce 45 tons of steam per hour, and 367,200 tons of steam
annually. It can replace the corresponding coal steam boiler, saving 40,800 tons of coal annually,
reducing SO2 emission by 520 tons annually, reducing dust emission by 276 tons annually, and NOx
emission by 400 tons annually; The circular utilization of water is 98.3%. It can reduce the emission of
carbon dioxide by 37,151 tons annually, contributing to alleviating the greenhouse effect; hence, dry
quenching not only saves energy, and reduces energy dissipation, but effectively improves the ambient air
quality in the Coking Plant of Guangdong SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd, even in Shaoguan City and the Maba
area, with a conspicuous environmental performance.
This project complies with the relevant requirements in the Some Opinions on Rectifying and Standardizing
of Coke Industry.
(4) Admittance Requisites to Coking Industry, Decree No.76, 2004, the National Development and
Reform Commission.
Admission conditions are specially formulated based on the relevant laws and regulations and industrial
policy requirements of the state, according to the principle of sustainable development of “controlling the
total quantity, adjusting the structure, saving energies and resources, protecting the environment and
achieving a reasonable distribution” to suppress the tendency of repeated low-quality constructions and
blind expansion, promote the upgrading of industrial structure and standardize the order of market
competition. the requirements of Admittance Requisites to Coking Industry “when newly building or
expanding coke ovens, in principle, construction of CDQ devices should be carried out simultaneously”;
This project complies with the relevant requirements of the Admittance Requisites to Coking Industry,
Decree No.76, 2004 by the National Development and Reform Commission.
11.1.2 Analysis of Compliance to Local Industrial Policy
(1) Compliance to the Notification on Printing and Distributing the “Implementation Plan for
Industrial Structure Adjustment of Guangdong Province (Revised Edition)”.
The Notification on Printing and Distributing the “Implementation Plan for Industrial Structure
Adjustment of Guangdong Province (Revised Edition)”([2005]15) actively guides and promotes the
structural optimization and upgrading of our province’s industry. In order to build up and implement a
scientific development concept, further promote the structural adjustment of our province’s industry,
accelerate industrial structural upgrading, and improve industrial competitiveness, the plan specifies the
steel, petroleum and gas industries as those to be encouraged.
According to the prescription of the plan, blast furnace gas is used as the fuel in the major coke oven, which
is a project of the steel industry to be encouraged.
(2) Compliance to Guangdong Outline of Environmental Protection Planning (2006-2020)
Guangdong Outline of Environmental Protection Planning (2006-2020) prescribes that “the steel industry
shall develop resource-saving technologies which reduce the gas emission by the sinter machine, recycle
the waste gases, recycle the dusts and process and dispose the waste steel, to reduce energy and material
dissipation, and decrease the emissions of pollutants such as sulfur dioxide and dusts”. Strengthen the
technical alteration of the exiting enterprises, enforce clean production, and the newly built steel projects
should attain an advanced level in clean production domestically.”
Devices altered using this technique can produce 45 tons of steam per hour, and 367,200 tons of steam
annually. It can replace the corresponding coal steam boiler, saving 40,800 tons of coal annually,
reducing SO2 emission by 520 tons annually, the cycling water reuse rate is 98.3％, reducing dust emission
by 276 tons annually, and NOx emission by 400 tons annually; it can reduce the emission of carbon dioxide
by 37,151 tons annually, contributing to alleviating the greenhouse effect; hence, dry quenching not only
saves energy, and reduces energy dissipation, but effectively improves the ambient air quality in the Coking
Plant of Guangdong SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd, even in Shaoguan City and the Maba area, with a
conspicuous environmental performance.
Besides, since December 2004, SGIS formally launched the first round of clean production review with the
sintering factories first to be reviewed. After planning, organization, pre-evaluation, evaluation, and plan
creation and filtration, 64 clean production plans were created by the review.
In comparison with the Clean Production Standards: Coking Industry, this dry quenching project attains
clean production: level 1 in terms of coke product indicator, solid waste recycle and utilization, production
technique and equipment requirements etc.
Besides, according to the planning by the SGIS, the power dissipation decreases by 15% in the “Eleventh
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Five-Year Plan” period from the “Tenth Five-Year Plan” period.
This project complies with the prescriptions for the steel industry by the Guangdong Outline of
Environmental Protection Planning (2006-2020).
11.2 Reasonability Analysis of Factory Location
11.2.1 Analysis of Layout Reasonability
(1) This project is located in the coking factory area of SGIS, and the dry quenching oven system is
located east to the existing coke ovens. The wagon puller platform and the dedusting system shall be
arranged from inside out and the turbine chamber and the cooling tower arranged on both sides of No. 2
coke oven chimney. For the specific location of the project in SGIS, see Figure 2.2. The location of the
project complies with the internal planning of land use of SGIS.
(2) The project is in the proximity of the blast furnace plant. See Figure 2.2-2 for its specific location in
the factory area. The products of the project are provided to the blast furnace plant, and the raw materials
are derived from the raw material plant. The entire layout complies with the technical procedure. The
location of the project complies with the production requirement of SGIS.
11.2.2 Reasonability Analysis of the Overall Layout
The overall layout of the project comprises one new 90t/h dry quenching device and its auxiliary facilities.
The facilities newly constructed includes the dry quenching chamber, coke dry quenching boiler, ground
dust removal station of the coke dry quenching, deoxygenation water pump station, steam turbine room,
transfer station, belt conveyor gallery and so on.
The planning of the overall layout is carried out under the principle of minimal impact on the current
production and minimal building dismantle and land use, based on the requirements in terms of production
process, fire prevention, security, sanitation and inspection & repair etc., according to the current
production status in the factory.
The dry quenching oven-boiler system is set beyond the No.2 coke oven, i.e. occupying the position
reserved for the coke oven overhaul. The wagon puller platform and the dedusting system shall be arranged
from inside out and the turbine chamber and the cooling tower arranged on both sides of No. 2 coke oven
chimney.
The advantage of the layout is the compact connection of the dry quenching device with the coke
oven, the production process is reasonable, with short pipes, smooth transportation and convenient contact
with the exterior, contributing to the further development of Coking Plant of Guangdong SGIS Songshan
Co., Ltd in the current factory area.
11.2.3 Environmental Availability Analysis
The dry quenching technique can prevent the coke dust containing steams generated by wet quenching
from polluting the atmospheric environment and prevent the generation of wastewater, greatly reduce the
emissions of all kinds of pollutants and play an active role in improving the atmospheric environment in the
factory area, even in the nearby areas.
Besides, according to the “Tenth Five-Year Plan” of SGIS, SGIS also shut off the production of the
eliminated sintering. The requirement of recycling water for the water users will improve the environmental
quality in the whole region.
11.2.4 Feasibility of Prevention Distance
According to the prescriptions of the Technical Methods for Formulating Standards
of Air pollutants Emission (GB/T13201-91), when industrial enterprises are unable to release several
hazardous gases, the prevention distance needed is calculated as the maximum value of Qc/Cm. According
to the * analysis in the engineering analysis, this * is carried out based on the disorganized emission of
dusts. As calculated, the prevention distance for dusts is 241m. According to GB/T13201-91, the hygienic
protection distance can be taken as 300m. All the distances between nearest sensitive points and the main
pollution facilities meet this requirement of this health protection distance.
In the section dedicated to risk assessment, the safety distance of this project is determined as 850m
according to the estimation of CO leakage. There is no sensitive spot within the scope of internal SGIS
850m.
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The location of SGIS, where the project is located, is as shown in Figure 2.2-2. The requirements of
prevention distance and safe evacuation distance can be satisfied.
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12 Analysis of Economic Gain and Loss
The analysis on environment benefits and losses focuses on the nature of the project and the local
conditions to determine environmental impact factors, and to give an overall economic assessment on the
environmental impact within the scope affected by the project. According to theoretical development and
many years of practical experience, it is impossible for any project to give an economic assessment on all
the environmental impact factors. Therefore, the analysis on environment benefits and losses focuses on the
main environmental impact factors to give an overall analysis and assessment on investment costs,
economic benefits, social benefits and environmental benefits (performances), as well as the environmental
impact cost / benefit ratio of the project.
12.1 Investment on Environmental Protection of the Project to be built
12.1.1 Main Measures of Environmental Protection
(1) Measures of Waste Gas Disposal
The smoke and dust collecting facilities are designed to establish on the coke loading position of the coke
dry quenching oven top, coke releasing position of tank bottom, belt of coke outlet, emission outlet of
circulating ventilator, etc.; dust produced during the production process of the coke dry quenching will be
transmitted to the ground dust removal station of the coke dry quenching after being collected. Large-pulse
hop-pocket dust removers are set in the ground dust removal stations (with a removal efficiency of over
99.5%). After purification, the dusts are released through the 28m chimneys, to align the emission
concentration and rate to the “phase 2. Level 2” standard in the Emission limits for Air pollutants.
Transit and transportation places and galleries of coke shall adopt enclosed design.
(2) Measures of Waste Gas Disposal
The production clean swage is released into the original rain sewage system of the factory; the production
clean swage is released after settlement processing. The production clean swage is released into the existing
comprehensive sewage pipes and to the hydroxybenzene-cyanogen sewage system after settlement
processing. Domestic wastewater is released into the hydroxybenzen-cyanogen system after being
processed by the septic tank.
(3) Measures of Solid Waste Disposal
The coke dusts collected by the dry quenching dust removal system are carried by the material trolley to the
coal mixing workshop to be mixed into the coking coal after moistening.
(4) Noise treatment facilities
Select low-noise products on a limited scale; set separate vibration reduction measures; set
noise-eliminating devices and noise covers etc. for high-noise equipment; create a reasonable overall layout,
and fully consider the effect of comprehensive treatment to reduce noise pollution.
(5) Plantation Engineering
Plant trees, flowers and grass in the open spaces within the factory area. The plantation coverage rate for
this project is 20%.
12.1.2 Investment on Environmental Protection
This project is one of environmental protection and energy conservation endeavor, the total investment of
which is RMB 155.7million, 8% of which is directly allocated for environmental protection, equal to RMB
124.6million. See Table 12.1-1 for the detailed estimation of environmental protection investment.
Table 12.1-1 Environmental protection investment of the project.
Items of Proportion in the total
environmental Cost of the project investment on
No.:
protection (10,000 Yuan) environmental
investment. protection: %
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CDQ Dedusting
1 950 76.2
System
Circling water
2 238 19.1
system
Noise treatment
3 30 2.5
facilities
4 Plantation 28 2.2
Total 1,246 100
12.2 Analysis of Overall Environment & Socioeconomic Performance of Project
12.2.1 Social Performance Analysis
Upon completion of the project, it can not only add to the fiscal revenue of the area where it is, but promote
the development of agriculture and forest in the surrounding areas, create job opportunities in the local area,
and improve the living standard and quality of the peasants. During the operation period, the project
provides 52 posts, which create a multitude of job opportunities for the superfluous labor and laid-off
workers in the local area, and contribute to improving the living standard of the local people and to
maintaining social prosperity and stability.
Besides, this project utilizes advanced, mature and reliable techniques, which not only achieve a good
environmental performance, energy-saving performance and economic performance, but also strengthen the
competitiveness of the local enterprises and enable them to step on to a path characterized by a favorable
cycle and sustainable self-development.
12.2.2 Analysis of environmental profit and loss
In the dry quenching technique, the water sprayed by the water spray device at the upper part of the coke
quenching tower is used to quench the coke in the coke quenching trolley. Therefore, the great amount of
steam mixed with coke dusts generated when carrying out dry quenching is released upward and spread
along with the wind. Although current folding plates are set at the top of the quenching tower, there are still
a great number of pollutants released, besides, the granularity of the dusts released after the dust removal
operation by the current folding plate is less than 10μ, so such dusts are floating dusts which can still spread
for kilometers. Therefore, the wet quenching technique is unable to thoroughly resolve the problem of coke
quenching pollution.
While in the dry quenching technique, the water does not contact the red coke, and close devices are
adopted. The dusts mixed after the inert gas quenches the coke is purified by the dust remover in the dry
quenching coke oven, so the pollution can be kept within the devices. Since the depth of coke tank for coke
quenching is large, positioned coke connection can be applied, and coke dust hood can be used during coke
charging and output to control dust pollution effectively. Thus, this process can effectively solve the
pollution problem of coke quenching. This plan shows a conspicuous environmental performance, with a
modest amount of pollutants emission. Especially, the energy utilization is high, so its indirect
environmental performance is quite conspicuous.
The use of dry quenching can not only save water, but prevent the generation of pollutants, which are often
generated in the wet quenching technique. Compared to the wet quenching technique, the dry quenching
technique can reduce the emission of air pollutants by 57 tons annually, with a reduction rate of 60-65%.
Devices altered using this technique can produce45 tons of steam per hour, and 367,200 tons of steam
annually. It can replace the corresponding coal steam boiler, saving 40,800 tons of coal annually,
reducing SO2 emission by 520tons annually, reducing dust emission by 276tons annually, and NOx
emission by400tons annually; it can reduce the emission of carbon dioxide by 37,151 tons annually,
contributing to alleviating the greenhouse effect; hence, dry quenching not only saves energy, and reduces
energy dissipation, but effectively improves the ambient air quality in the Coking Plant of Guangdong
SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd, even in Shaoguan City and the Maba area, with a conspicuous environmental
performance.
To sum up, the implementation of this project not only prevents the steam mixed with coke dusts
generated in wet quenching from polluting the atmospheric environment, but avoids the creation of
wastewater, greatly reduces the emissions of all kinds of pollutants, saves water, and recycles the
energy, with a conspicuous environmental performance, and plays an active role in improving the
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atmospheric environment of the factory, even of the surrounding areas.
12.2.3 Economic Performance Analysis
12.2.3.1 Coke Sale in the Operation Period
Adopting the dry quenching technique, this project can recycle heat energy from red cokes, to acquire 45
tons of medium-pressure steam (3.82MPa) per hour, and utilizes the steam to generate 60,286×103kWh of
power annually, wherein 47,752MWh is for external use. According 5to the mixed emission factor 0.778
tCO2e/MWh of the grid in the southern regions, the emission of carbon dioxide can be reduced by 37,151
tons. If the project is successfully recognized as a CDM (Clean Development Mechanism) project, the
project can acquire annual “CDM project” revenue of 234.05 million Yuan, calculated according to the
international rate for carbon dioxide emission reduction: 6 Euro/t.
The sales revenue from coke of this project during the operation period is: without CDM, 3932.88 million
Yuan; with CDM, 4166.93 million Yuan; the total amount of annual average profit is: without CDM, 5.3867
million Yuan; with CDM, 806.25 million Yuan; post-tax total investment NPV is: without CDM, 404
million Yuan; with CDM, 604.69 million Yuan;;
12.2.3.2 Energy Saving Performance
After implementing dry coke quenching of this project, the energy produced are steam and power; in
addition, energy saved is also gained for this after implementing dry coke quenching. The energy saved is
consumption of water and electricity because of disusing original coke wet quenching，and coke quantity
saved as coke ratio reducing of blast furnace iron making. Estimation on energy saving condition of this
project during the operation period sees Table 12.2-1
(1) Calculating as local industrial water fee of 460Yuan/103m3, the water fee saved annually is 135,000
Yuan after disusing original coke wet quenching.
(2) According to the sales price of local electric market, the industrial electricity fee is calculated as
576.39Yuan/103kWh, the electric fee saved annually is 111,700 Yuan after disusing original coke wet
quenching
(4) According to the feasibility study report, after the commission of the project, the amount of coke
dissipation reduced due to the decrease of * ratio when the dry quenching technique is applied is 19,427
tons.
To draw a conclusion, the economic performance this project bringing is 20,457,800 Yuan, see Table 12.2-1
for details.
Table 12.2-1 The energy saving condition of this project
Coefficients of Converting into
Physical
No.: Project Title: converting into standard coal
quantity
standard coal (t)
Volume of water saved
by disusing original
1 0.11t/103m3 293.424 32
coke wet quenching
process
Power saved by
0.366
2 disusing original coke 193.8 71
/103kWh
wet quenching process
Coke saved by blast
3 furnace iron making 0.9714t/t 15547 15102
process
Total energy saved 15205
12.2.3.3 Investment Performance of Dust Treatment
The dusts produced during the coke quenching process in the project will be sent to the newly built ground
dust removal station for treatment. 9.5million Yuan is invested in the dust removal system, with a discount
fee of 750,000 Yuan/year.
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12.2.3.4 Investment Performance of Recycling Water Processing
The cooling water from the dry quenching devices and thermal stations is processed by the recycling water
supply system. 2.38 million Yuan is invested in the recycling water processing system, with a discount fee
of 190,000 Yuan/year.
12.2.3.5 Comprehensive Performance Analysis
According to the analysis above, the estimable project annual comprehensive profit is seen in Table 12.2-2.
Table 12.2-2 Analysis of annual comprehensive profit of the project (in 10 thousand Yuan)
Comprehensive benefit
No.: Items
(10,000 Yuan) (+,-)
Annual profit (post-tax without
1 +404.0
CDM)
2 Energy Saving Performance +2045.78
3 Dust treatment fee -75
4 Recycling water processing fee -19
5 Total +2355.78
12.3 Conclusion to Analysis of Environmental and Economic Gain and Loss
The total investment of the project is 155.7 million Yuan, in which the environment protection investment
is approximately 12.46 million Yuan, accounting for 8% of the total project investment. Measurable
environmental and economic performance produced is about 23.5578 million Yuan, in the case of 10 years
it will be 235.578 million Yuan. The cost / benefit ratio is above 1, indicating the environmental and
economic performance of this project is good.
The environmental and economic performance of this project is a positive one, and the project itself is
environmentally protective and energy saving. The implementation of this project not only prevents the
steam mixed with coke dusts generated in wet quenching from polluting the atmospheric environment, but
avoids the creation of wastewater, greatly reduces the emissions of all kinds of pollutants, saves water, and
recycles the energy, with a conspicuous environmental performance, and plays an active role in improving
the atmospheric environment of the factory, even of the surrounding areas.
To sum up, the environmental protection investment of this project is reasonable, and the performance of
environmental treatment is obvious. Therefore, from the perspective of environmental economy, this project
is feasible.
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13 Environment Management and Monitoring Plan
To establish a sound environment management and monitoring system will facilitate the application of
State and local environmental protection regulations and policies, effectively improve the environment
quality in the area where SGIS is located, as well as rationally exploit environmental resources to serve
both SGIS’s economic development and environmental protection.
13.1 Responsibilities of Environment Management Organization
(1) Conscientiously implement environmental protection related laws, regulations and standards issued by
the State or the local government. Assist SGIS’s top management to coordinate the company’s development
with environmental protection activities.
(2) Assist SGIS’s top management to establish the company’s environmental protection guidelines,
environment management goals, index and plans, including monitoring plan etc.
(3) Monitor the implementation of the company’s environment management plan, establish systems and
policies related to environmental protection, collect environmental statistics, create pollution source
archives, and make environment monitoring report, etc.
(4) Supervise the operation and maintenance of environmental protection facilities to ensure normal and
stable operation.
(5) Organize environmental protection related education and training for staff responsible for company
development.
(6) Responsible for outside liaison regarding environment related affairs. For example, learn the issue and
revision of environmental protection related government policies and regulations, and organize the
implementation; responsible for environmental protection related liaison, explanation and reply; and
coordinate company activities or measures involving public interests.
(7) Make efforts to facilitate the establishment of environment management system as per ISO14000
Standard.
(8) Carry out clean production audit to pollutant discharge enterprises established or run by the company.
To those who fail the audit, suspend their pollutant discharge permits and take severe measures to ask for
corrections in a fixed period of time.
13.2 Environment Monitoring System
13.2.1 Introduction of SGIS Environment Monitoring Station
The environment monitoring of SGIS Songshan Co., Lt is mainly undertaken by SGIS Environment
Monitoring Station.
Currently, there are 20 monitors in the SGIS monitoring station. Among them, 6 are professionals,
accounting for 30% of the total number of staff working in the station. The SGIS Monitoring Station is
comprised of three departments – the general office, the atmospheric monitoring lab and the water quality
monitoring lab. The atmospheric monitoring lab consists of three teams – the air, smoky dust (exhaust gas)
and noise monitoring teams. The SGIS Monitoring Station has a 700m2 monitoring building with 98 sets of
various monitoring apparatuses and data processing machines for water, gas, dregs and noise monitoring,
including atomic absorption spectrophotometer, ultraviolet spectrophotometer, visible spectrometer, gas
chromatograph, oil analyzer, fume tester, thermostatic and continuous air sampler, sound level meter and
PC etc. The Station is also equipped with a monitoring car. The total value of equipment and apparatuses is
approximate to 1 million Yuan. The Station is capable of monitoring and analyzing 100 items, including
water quality and wastewater quality, atmospheric environment quality and exhaust gas pollution source,
environmental and equipment noise, soil, biology and solid wastes etc.
13.2.2 Monitoring Range of SGIS Monitoring Station
1) Atmospheric Monitoring
a. Environment Quality Factors
Natural dust fall content, TSP, SO2, NOX, BaP(sampling).
b.Atmospheric Parameters
Atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction.
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c. Monitoring Frequency and Cycle
Dust fall (natural dust fall): with a monitoring period of 30¡À2 days, 12 months/year. TSP:
SO2, NOX: Lab analysis of continuous sampling – 24±0.5 hours continuous sampling every other day.
Monitor 5-16 days/month, 12 months/year. SO2, NOX: Lab analysis of continuous sampling – 24±0.5 hours
continuous sampling every other day. Monitor 14-16 days/month, 12 months/year. CO: the monitoring
period is the same as that for TSP, and the sampling frequency is 3 times/day. Bap: Same as TSP for living
area. For production area, 5-6 days of monitoring in the first month of each quarter. Use one sheet of filter
membrane per day to monitor 1.5 hours in both the morning and the afternoon.
2) Wastewater Monitoring
a. Monitored items
Mainly 44 items, including PH, SS, COD, Phenol, CN-,oil, S2-,Cu2+,Pb2+,Zn2+,As,F-,Cr6+,total
Cr,HCO3-,CO32-,OH-,Cl-,SO42-,total hardness, ammonia and flow rate.
b. Monitoring point
Total 37 monitoring sites located at discharge outlets of individual factories, inlets and outlets of treating
facilities for monitoring hospital sewage, water for production, domestic water and underground water.
c. Monitoring Frequency and Cycle
Industrial wastewater, hospital wastewater: once/ten-day, 3 ten-days/month, 12 months/year. Production
water, civil water, underground water: once per half year (high water and low water periods).
3) Exhaust Gas Source Intensity Monitoring
a. Monitored items
Mainly 25 items, including emission concentration and volume of smoky dust, fume, SO2,NOX,CO, sulphur
content in fume, fume flow rate, velocity of flow, pressure, temperature and blackness etc.
b. Allocation of Monitoring Sites
Set up monitoring sites at inlets and outlets of flues, the major pollution source, in individual factories.
c. Monitoring Frequency and Cycle
Monitor once a month for smoky dust and smoke color, and once a year for dedusting efficiency.
4) Noise Monitoring
a. Noise within Factory
Spots: SGIS and four points in east, south, west and north of all the manufacturing plants
Monitoring period and frequency: once per quarter, 4 time per year.
b. Source strength
Spots: according to Technical Specifications for Environmental Monitoring (Noise Section).
c. Monitoring period and frequency: once a year.
Current Status and Future Plan
The following aspects should be strengthened to better serve the need of environment monitoring:
1) Improve the equipment level in the monitoring station, and strengthen the implementation of updating
existing equipment and adding more.
A Replace apparatuses and equipment that cannot satisfy the need of monitoring.
New apparatuses needed are mainly advanced analysis apparatus and electronic analytical balance imported
from abroad. Automatic atmospheric monitoring apparatus and precision sound level meter should be
replaced.
B Improve sampling and measuring devices at the chief wastewater discharge outlet of SGIS, sample
and measure at wastewater outlets of individual branch factories, and equip the outlets with automatic
wastewater flow rate recorder.
2) Add one monitoring car.
3) Beef up the station with 5 to 6 more special technicians.
4) Establish automatic atmospheric environment monitoring station.
5) Equip sampling port at chief wastewater discharge outlet with automatic wastewater flow rate
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measuring device.
6) Improve lab analysis conditions.
13.3 Environmental management plan
(1) Environmental Protection Management System
SGIS implements an environmental protection management system which is “fully responsible by the
general manager with graded and centralized management and individual responsibilities”.
The general manager is fully responsible for the company’s environmental protection. Governing leaders
are responsible for the environmental protection within their respective governing area. Leaders in
individual branch factories (departments) are responsible for the environmental protection within their
respective managing area. The Safety & Environmental Protection Department (SE Dept.), the functional
department in the company responsible for environmental protection, implements and supervises all
environmental protection activities in the company, supervises the implementation of environmental
protection activities within the governing area of individual functional departments, as well as makes
related management regulations.
(2) Function Plan of Environmental Protection Management Organization
1) Environmental Protection Related Functions of SE Dept.
Guided by the general manager and the governing deputy general manager, the environmental protection
related managerial functions implemented by SE Dept. are as follows:
a. Implement State and local environmental protection guidelines, policies and regulations, so that the
company’s production and development are synchronous with environmental protection in planning,
implementation and development.
Coordinate with planning department for environmental protection plan. Specify general tasks, goals,
standards and requirements of environmental protection related management provisions, as well as translate
planned goals into detailed index which will be implemented in individual factories.
c. Organize and coordinate the implementation of individual departments’ environmental protection
activities set in the plan, which are within their respective managing area .
d. Coordinate the rational resource & energy exploitation between individual branch factories and related
management departments to reduce and prevent environmental pollution and damage, creating a benign
cycle for the company’s reproduction.
e. Coordinate with propaganda, education and law departments for the propaganda and education of
environmental protection related laws and knowledge.
f. Examine, supervise and assess the implementation of environmental protection goals set in the plan, and
take measures to solve the problems found.
2) Functions of Environmental Protection Supervision Department
Major responsibilities: Supervise the implementation of environmental protection plan set by individual
factories or departments. Implement related State environmental protection regulations for construction
projects for the factories’ new, expansion and rebuilding projects. Strictly implement the “Environmental
Impact Statement” system and the “three synchrony” system which realizes synchronous design,
construction and use of main projects and pollution and other public nuisance prevention projects, so that
the pollutant discharge meets State and local standards or design requirements after the projects are
completed. Collect pollutant discharge fee to pollutant discharging units. According to Internal Pollutant
Discharge Fee Collecting Provisions of Guangdong SGIS Group (Interim), excess pollutant discharge fee
will be collected to those who discharge pollutants in excess.
3) Functions of Environmental Protection Technology Department
Major responsibilities: Make monitoring plans and proposals. Carry out and organize environmental impact
assessment and pollution source investigation. Study, make and revise various measures and regulations
regarding monitoring quality. Make quality control flowchart. Organize technical training and exchange
activities to improve lab monitors’ technical skills. Monitor and assess the quality of lab apparatuses. Check
quality control process and deal with accidents and appeal or arbitration from the quality control process.
Maintain normal operation of lab apparatuses. Responsible for repair, replacement and development of lab
apparatuses, and archives management. Make supply plan of lab apparatuses and consumable like reagent.
Implement modern lab management. Make plans for technical development, introduction and reform of
integrated control of environmental pollution.
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4) Functions of Central Monitoring Station
Complete routine and special monitoring tasks. Implement quality control as per lab quality control
requirements. Maintain apparatuses used in the station. Keep the lab clean and tidy. Collect and process lab
data, submit reports and print documents, and manage environmental science technical data archives.
5) Functions of Environment Engineering Control Center
Responsible for the development, introduction and reform of integrated control of environmental pollution
technology and pollution source control technology. Make plans of and implement integrated control of
environmental engineering program. Effectively carry out environmental management and supervision to
reach the goal of reducing total volume of pollutants discharge.
(4) Methods of Environment Management
According to Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China and related regulations,
SGIS implements a sound environment supervision management with eleven internal regulations issued,
which are Provisions of Environmental Protection, Responsibility System of Environmental Protection,
Management of Environmental Protection Facilities, Management of Pollution Prevention and Treatment
Coordination of Environmental Protection Supervision, Economic Responsibility System of Reaching
Environmental Protection Goals, Implementation of Interim Provisions of Integrated Resource Exploitation,
Implementation of Environmental Protection Management of Construction Projects, Management of
Environment Pollution and Malicious Events (Trial), Clean Factory Management of SGIS (Trial),and
Internal Pollutant Discharge Fee Collecting Provisions of Guangdong SGIS Group (Interim). All these
have fundamentally standardized the environment management methods, as well as people’s behavior in
environmental protection.
13.4 Suggestions on Strengthening Environment Management
Current problems in SGIS’s environment management system. The current SGIS’s environment monitoring
management system is capable of carrying out basic routine monitoring tasks as per State Environmental
Protection Administration’s related regulations and the Implementing Rules of Steel Industry Environment
Monitoring, and supervising environment management according to State Environmental Protection Law
and SGIS’s environmental protection regulations and factory regulations. However, with increasing
monitoring tasks due to more expansion and rebuilding projects, the existing environment monitoring
system can no longer satisfy the needs of increasing expansion and needs an assessment for making a new
environment management plan. Major problems in existing environment monitoring system and
environment management system:
a. The general equipment level of environment monitoring apparatuses is lower than that of other
domestic backbone enterprises.
b. Outdated mobile monitoring equipment and lacking of vehicles result in low emergency dispatch
ability in environment monitoring.
c. Low qualification of monitoring & maintenance staff and low configuration of apparatuses &
equipment restrict the further development of environment monitoring and management.
d. Complicated coordination among different environment supervision and management departments
makes uniform and high-efficient environment supervision and management difficult.
(2) Suggestions on Future Strengthening of Environment Management
a. Restructuring of Functional Departments
Transform the former general department and environmental protection department into plan & dispatch
department and environmental protection technology department. Add environment supervision department
and environment engineering control center. The Environmental Monitoring Department takes charge of
environmental monitoring and management; the Environmental Engineering Control Center is mainly in
charge of the development, introduction and improvement of environmental pollution comprehensive
control technology and pollution source control technology, and the formulation and application of
environmental engineering comprehensive control plan; the Environmental Protection Technology
Department takes charge of environmental protection technology development, environmental protection
instrument development and quality control; the Central Monitoring Station, being set with data process
center, is mainly in charge of monitoring data process and statistics, report submission and paper printing,
environmental scientific and technical documentation and management etc.; the other functional
departments of Central Monitoring Station will be restructured as follows: the Comprehensive Sector is
canceled and the Monitoring Quality Management Section is set up to be in charge of monitoring
technology and monitoring quality management of environmental monitoring, and the function of quality
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control of prior Comprehensive Sector will be taken by the coordination between Monitoring Quality
Management Section and Environmental Protection Technology Department. The Air Monitoring Room,
Water Quality Monitoring Room and Environmental Noise Lab are set up, and the functions will be kept
consistent with prior setup.
b. Personnel Assignment of Environment Monitoring and Management Staff
Staff at the Environment Monitoring Station: 4 for atmospheric monitoring, 3 for water quality monitoring,
2 for noise monitoring, 5 for pollution source monitoring,1 for monitoring quality management, 1 computer
professional for data processing, and 3 for others;
Professional allocation of Environmental Protection Monitoring Department: 1 person for environmental
monitoring, 1 person for environmental management and 1 person for others.
Professional allocation of Environmental Protection Technology Department: 2 persons for environmental
protection technology, 2 persons for environmental protection instruments, 1 person for quality control and
1 person for others.
Professional allocation of Environmental Engineering Control Center: 2 persons for environmental
engineering and 1 person for others.
c. Strengthening the Building of Environment Monitoring Station
Replace apparatus and equipment that can no longer satisfy the needs of quality control with new ones
according to the above mentioned requirements.
d. Suggestions on Strengthening Environment Supervision
Guided by the general manager, the SE Dept. is responsible for carrying out overall environment
supervision. Establish position based responsibility system and environment supervision system, and
supervise their implementation.
Establish an environment monitoring management system with the director of SE Dept. as the
responsibility taker. The director of SE Dept. is responsible for the environment monitoring quality and
technology, as well as for reaching the factory’s total pollutant discharge volume control goal.
The stationmaster of the monitoring station is responsible for environment monitoring technology and
quality.
Actively involve in the propaganda and education of environmental protection laws, policies and
regulations to increase people’s environmental protection awareness.
Actively involve in the development, introduction and reform of integrated control of environmental
pollution technology and pollution source control technology to reduce pollution sources and discharge
volume, so that the total pollutant discharge volume can reach the control goal.
(3) Suggestions on Strengthening Environment Monitoring
Following SGIS’s technical reform, the production scale and facilities have also changed a lot. Accordingly,
the location of pollution source, the discharge scale, the type and quantity of pollutants and the discharge
way will also change. Therefore, the monitoring system should be adjusted timely and reasonably so that it
will be more directional and practical, truly playing its role of monitoring the realization of environmental
protection and pollutant discharge goals. For the environment monitoring of the proposed CDQ project, the
following aspects should be taken into account in addition to the above mentioned holistic environment
monitoring plan:
Atmospheric monitoring sites should be set up at the (west and north) boundary of material stock yard
to monitor the change of total suspended particulate (TSP) concentration, especially in dry season and the
season when sensitive points are at the down wind, so that the impact of the stock yard’s random discharge
to surrounding residential area and crops can be monitored. Noise monitoring items should also be set up at
the above mentioned monitoring sites to monitor the impact of noise pollution to residential area.
Periodically set up atmospheric monitoring sites at the boundary of the factory and surrounding area
including Maba Village (outside of the southwest gate) and the Yangwo Village and Dayuantou Village in
the north, to monitor items like total suspended particulate (TSP), SO2 etc., so as to control the discharge
from main pollution source and protect the atmospheric environment.
As the impact of high chimneys reaches far away, a representative monitoring site should be set up at
Shaogang No.1 Middle School, which is 3km away in the down wind.
Set up water quality monitoring sites at Meihua River and Maba River (section): Monitor the water
quality once a quarter.
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14 Assessment Conclusions and Recommendations
To recycle sensible heat from red cokes, reduce energy consumption and pollution, and improve quality of
cokes, SGIS Coking Plant equips current 4# and 5# coke oven quenching sections with CDQ devices
without any change in other sections, that is, a set of Model JNG68 CDQ devices. Considering a certain
surplus coefficient (max. 87.07t), maximum processing capacity of the CDQ devices is specified as 90t/h
while the normal processing capacity is 80t/h. Current coke wet quenching system can be reserved as
backup devices of CDQ devices when the latter are under annual repair or in failure.
14.1 Project overview
To provide the #4 and #5 coke quenching section with the coke dry quenching devices, with other
sections unchanged. For this purpose, it is determined to adopt one set of JNG68 coke dry device with a
maximum disposal capacity of 90t/h. Current coke wet quenching system can be reserved as backup
devices of CDQ devices when the latter are under annual repair or in failure.
The coke dry quenching project of 2×55-hole 4.3m coke oven is situated in the coking plant of SGIS; the
dry quenching oven-coke dry quenching boiler system will be arranged east of the existing coke oven,
occupying the position reserved for the coke oven overhaul. The wagon puller platform and the dedusting
system shall be arranged from inside out and the turbine chamber and the cooling tower arranged on both
sides of No. 2 coke oven chimney.
The fixed asset investment of this project is 155,700,000 Yuan, 8％ of which will directly be used on the
environmental protection, equal to 12,460,000 Yuan.
The CDQ project mainly includes CDQ system, CDQ transport system, thermal devices, water supply and
drainage devices, turbine power station, dedusting device for the CDQ body, dedusting ground station of
CDQ and coke screening floor etc; deoxidizing water pump station, circulating water pump station,
desalting water station, comprehensive electrical chamber and compressed air station rely on the existing
parts.
14.2 Engineering Analysis
14.2.1 Raw Material Conditions and Products
(1) Raw Materials
The red-heat coke is the main raw material for Coke Dry Quenching (CDQ) devices. The raw material
processed by the CDQ devices is the red-heat coke produced by the newly-built JN60 Model Compound
2×55 Holes Coke Oven, with total yielding amount as 0.7 Million t/a and temperature as 1000 .
(2) Heat Media
The project has six kinds of heat medium， steam, desalinated water, compressed air for production,
compressed purified air for instruments, compressed purified air for dusting, and nitrogen gas.
Consumption of various thermal mediums see Table 2.2-7.
(3) Output and Quality Index of the Major Products
Table 14.2-1 Output and Quality Index of the Major Products
Product Name Output Remarks
Steam 45t/h (367200t/a) 3.82MPa (450 )
Of which, External Supply: 0.981 MPa(305 )
20t/h
Electricity 60286×103kWh Entering into the Internal Electric Network of
generating SGIS
Coke after Dry 700 thousand t/a M40 of the Coke is improved for 3%~8% and its
Quenching Process M10 improved for 0.3%~0.8%.
The new water consumption for production of this project is 59m3/h(making up to circling water
system 1415m3/h, making up to the coke dry quenching oven 1m3/h), desalting water is 48m3/h, and
water for life is 8m3/h. The recycling water amount is 82,080m3/d.
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The utilization rate of circling water: 98.3％
14.2.2 Pollutant Discharge
1) Gas Pollutant
Organized air pollutants from the proposed CDQ project are mainly dust from the two new-constructed
dust separation stations. Concentration of air pollutants from the ground dust separators is less than
30mg/m3, which complies with the Class II standard in Phase II of the Discharge limitss of Air Pollutants in
Guangdong Province (DB4427-2001).
See from the CDQ Process of the similar projects, the unorganized discharges for each ton coke is 0.02kg.
And then the unorganized discharged dusts are 14t/a, the organized discharged dusts are 79.56t/a, thus the
discharged dusts amount reaches 93.56 t/a.
Original pollutant discharge situation of coke wet quenching section see table 2.2-5, the dust discharge
concentration of coke wet quenching＜80mg/m3, the discharge quantity of existing coke quenching tower
and coke screening and storing process is 18.2kg/h. Smoke dust concentrations of coke dry quenching
process emitted from CDQ and Screen Coke, Transfer Station and Dust Removing Stations are all less than
30mg/m3, discharging amount of the dusts is 9.75kg/h. The coke dry quenching has enhanced dust
collecting efficiency; meanwhile, dust removal efficiency has also been significantly improved.
In the waste gas generated in original coke wet quenching, besides the main pollutant dust, there are a large
amount of phenol, cyanide, sulfide and a little characteristic pollutant such as Benzene series, non-methane
content, etc. The red heat coke contacts with the inert gas can generate only physical change, therefore, the
gases above will not be produced in the process of dry coke quenching, the gases contained in coke are only
produced during coking process.
As can be known from the above, compared with the coke wet quenching, the coke dry quenching can
considerably reduce the pollutant discharge. It is a clean production project and necessary for the
development of enterprises.
(2) Water pollutants
The water for the Water-sealing and Water-drainage of CDQ Oven is 1 m3/d or so. After the sedimentation,
the water goes into the current Phenol-cyanogen Wastewater Treatment System. After reaching the
standards through the treatment, the water serves for the make-up water of the BF Water Slag System.
7.2 m3/d of domestic wastewater is collected by the existing sanitary sewage system of the coke oven plant.
960 m3/d clean sewage enters the clean water system of the plant, and is used as slag removal water for
blast oven, applicable for work sections where the water quality is not high.
In conclusion, no wastewater of the coking plant is discharged outside.
3) Solid wastes
Only the single type solid waste, coke dust of about 3,262.8t/a collected by the dust-removal system, is
produced in the process of production of the CDQ project. The humidified coke dust is completely and
comprehensively utilized by delivering to the coal preparation workshop with carrier vehicles and
incorporating in coking coal, or delivering to the sinter plant as per requirements as the raw material, so
100% is used.
4) Noises
Noise from the CDQ project mainly includes the mechanical noise and aerodynamic noise. Main noise
sources include: cycling circuit, dedusting fan, pumps and exhaust equipments of safety valve of the boiler
dispersing pipes. Under general situations, the source strength of noise is lower than 85dB (A) prior to
taking noise control measures.
14.2.3 Before and after the coke dry quenching technical innovation
This dry quenching system replaces original coke wet quenching system, which reduces energy dissipation
greatly, reduces pollutant discharge and water consumption. In view of pollutants discharge situation of
coke quenching section there are “three records” see table 14.2-2.
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Table 14.2-2 The “three records” of pollutants discharge situation of coke quenching section
Pollutant producing Pollutant producing situation After the implementation
situation of coke wet of coke dry quenching of the technical innovation
quenching project the pollution
discharge
increased/reduced Quantity
Powder 148.5 79.6 -68.94
It can be see in Table 14.2-2, the discharge quantity of dust decreased by 68.94t/a.
14.2.4 Prevention and treatment measures for water pollution
(1) Waste gas treatment measures
The main pollution sources of coke dry quenching system are the loading inlet of the coke dry quenching
oven, coke releasing outlet, emission gas outlet of pre-stored room, emission outlet of the circulating
ventilator as well as unloading process of coke transport. The main pollutant produced is coke dust.
The smoke and dust collecting facilities are designed to establish on the coke loading position of the coke
dry quenching oven top, coke releasing position of tank bottom, belt of coke outlet, emission outlet of
circulating ventilator, etc.; dust produced during the production process of the coke dry quenching will be
transmitted to the ground dust removal station of the coke dry quenching after being collected. The
large-scale pulse bag dust removal filters are established in the ground dust removal station, of which dust
removal efficiency is above 99.6%. The smoke and dust is emitted via the exhaust stack with a height of
28m after being purified. The dust density at the outlet of the exhaust stack is lower than 50mg/m3. All the
dust emitting density and rate at the emitting outlet comply with the 2nd class standard requirement in the
2nd period of the Air Pollutant Emission limits Value (DB44/27-2001).
Transit and transportation places and galleries of coke shall adopt enclosed design.
(2) Wastewater treatment measures
Water seal of the coke dry quenching oven discharges water is collected by the new-constructed
phenol-cyanogen wastewater treatment system, the supporting system of 6m coke oven. It can be up to the
standard after treatment and can be used as makeup water for blast furnace slag system.
The phenol-cyanogen wastewater treatment station has a capacity of 2,000m3/d, and the wastewater
produced by #4 and #5 coke ovens totals 720 m3/d. Therefore, the wastewater treatment station has
adequate capacity to deal with water seal water discharge of the dry quenching oven. A2/O biological
denitrogenation process is adopted for the wastewater treatment facilities. The water after treatment could
be up to Class standard of DB44/26-2001.
(3) Treatment measures for solid waste
The coke dust collected by the dust removal filter of the coke dry quenching system will be transported
with material tankers to coal preparing workshop to mix into coking coal after being wetted, or to sintering
workshop as needed.
(4) Noise treatment facilities
For equipment type selection, various types of ventilators and pumps shall be selected low-noise products
as much as possible.
Individual foundations or vibration damping measures are established for the dust removal ventilators and
pumps, and flexible connection modes are adopted among strong vibration equipment and pipelines to
prevent the noise producing from vibration spreading outward.
Coke releasing facilities, circulating ventilators and cycling gas pipelines are adopted noise isolation
measures.
The silencer devices are established accordingly on outlets of dust removal ventilators, emitting outlets of
steam safety valve of coke dry quenching boilers.
The main bodies of steam turbines and generator exciters are equipped muffler enclosures, and muffler are
arranged on anti-corrosion inspection tube of the steam turbine.
The rational deployment is conducted utilizing factors of terrain, plant house, and direction of noise sources
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as well as noise absorbing function of afforesting plants when the general layout is carried out; the role of
comprehensive treatment is fully taken account to management to reduce noise pollution.
After the measures above are applied, the day and night noise values of factory boundary are predicted to
be able to comply with the standard values class III of Standard for Noise at Boundary of Industrial
Enterprises (GB12348-90).
14.2.5 Health protection zone
The health protection distance for 6m coking project is 300m, which is calculated in accordance with
GB/T13201-91. The project is located within SGIS plant, without any sensitive point within the range of
800m around, which meets this requirement.
All the distances between nearest sensitive points and the main pollution facilities meet this requirement of
this health protection distance.
14.3 Existing Situation of the Environment
In 2006, monitoring and investigation of the existing situation of environment of ambient air, water
environment and soils surrounding the SGIS was carried out by our Institute for the environmental impact
assessment of five technical renovation projects of the iron-smelting plant of SGIS. And the gas tank
project is located in a same company with the five technical renovation projects. So, the assessment mainly
uses the existing situation monitoring data from the EIA Report of five technical renovation projects of the
iron-smelting plant of SGIS (March 2007). Existing situation of the noise environment is monitored by the
monitoring station of SGIS based on the project site selection.
(1) Existing situation of atmospheric air
In the assessment area, the 1# plant site complies with the Class III assessment standard of Ambient Air
Quality Standard (GB3095-96, revised in January, 2000), and the other monitoring locations all comply
with the Class II assessment standard of Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-96, revised in January,
2000).
Concentrations of TSP at all monitoring locations are lower than that of relevant standards regulated in the
Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-96, revised in January, 2000). Generally, the daily average value of
PM10 and TSP is low in the assessment area. The monitoring value from each sensitive point could comply
with relevant assessment standards.
So, though the technical renovation project of the proposed project has been completed and the trial
operation has started, air pollutants not reduce the atmosphere environment functions with the normal
operation of treatment facilities in the assessment area. Currently air quality in the assessment area is in
good condition and could meet relevant functional requirements.
(2) Existing situation of surface water environment
All monitoring items but Fe and CODcr comply with the requirement of Class III standard of
Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002); Water quality is worsen for wastewater
from SGIS in drainage section (2#), and monitoring items of CODcr, Pb, Zn, fluoride, T-P and Fe exceed
the standard differently, and the water quality cannot meet the requirement of Class standard of
Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002); the section (3#) in front of the meeting
of Meihua River and Maba River is farther from the outlets, but the water quality is not improved, which is
resulted from that water from the upstream is in a less amount than that of discharged wastewater,
especially the wastewater from Qujiang County and enterprises in downstream of Meihua River, which
increases the pollutant quantity in river but with a weak dilution and degradation capacity, so degraded
pollutants are less than the increased pollutants.
Based on the monitoring result of the section (4#) in front of the meeting of Meihua River and Maba River,
CODcr, Pb, T-P, BOD5, T-N and Fe in water from the upstream of Maba River all exceed the standard.
Several items in section (5#) in front of the meeting of Beijaing River and Maba River exceed the standard.
On the section before North River joins Maba River (6#), the monitored items of water quality all meet the
requirements of standard of GB3838-2002 except iron; lightly polluted by iron; on the section after North
River joins Maba River(7#), all monitored items meet requirements of Class IV standard of GB3838-2002
except total nitrogen and iron.
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(3) Existing situation of surface water environment
Five groundwater monitoring points in the assessment all meet the requirement of Class III Standard of
Environmental Quality Standard for Groundwater (GB/T14848-93),which indicates that the groundwater in
the assessment area is in good condition.
(4) Existing situation of the Environment
The sensitive points being monitored in the project include Dayuantou Village, Shanzibei School,
Xiaojiang Village and Laojiang Village. Class F= Standard of Ambient Noise Standard for Urban Area
(GB3093-93) shall be executed with the exception of Laojiang Village, which is within the 300 m range of
the plant boundary. As can be seen from the table, during daytime, all monitoring points meet relevant
standard requirements except Yangwu village; during night all monitoring points exceed the standard,
among which the most serious one is in Shanzibei school, the maximum monitored value of which is
13.4dB above the standard value.
As learned from the monitoring result, during daytime, the noise level at all monitoring points meet the
Class III standard of Measuring Method of Environmental Noise of Urban Area (GB 3093-93); during night,
the noise level of 10# Shaoguan Iron and Steel plant northern boundary exceeds the standard, with the
highest value 1.1dB above the standard value.
(5) Existing situation of soil environment
1# rice soil in Xinxiaojiang Village, 2# vegetable garden soil in Xinxiaojiang Village, 3# vegetable garden
soil in Songshanxia Village, 4# rice soil in Laoxiaojiang Village and 5# paddy soil in upper reaches of
Meihua River. Cd in all monitoring points exceeds the standard with the exceeding multiples of 4.5-7.7. Hg
in upper-layer soil and subsoil of 1#, 3#, 4# and 5# monitoring points exceeds the standard. Cu in
upper-layer soil of 3# monitoring points exceeds the standard.
(6) Investigation and assessment of farm crop
Three sampling points for farm crop are arranged in the assessment area. Samples are harvested crops in
this area (vegetables, potatoes and brown rice). Analysis items include Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg and As.
Compared with relevant standards in National Hygienic Standards of Grains (GB2715-81), the
investigation and analysis result of crops show that the As in crops is lower that the national standard, but
Cd in 5# vegetables in upstream of Meihua River exceeds the standard. All crop samples are colory and
with pure smell. In the assessment area, all farm crops are not polluted with heavy metals except that the 5#
vegetables in upstream of Meihua River are polluted with Cd.
14.4 Environmental Impact Prediction
(1) Assessment of atmospheric environment impact
Compared with Coke Wet Quenching after project operation, the main air pollutants Emission rate PM10 of
this technical renovation reduced from 18.2kg/h to 9.75kg/h.
In normal situation, the impact of the project on PM10 daily mean ground concentration has a relatively
small prediction increment at all sensitive points, only accounting for 0.%~2.47% of the Class II standard
of ambient air quality; and accounting for 0.23%~18.4% of Class II standard of ambient air quality after
superposition of the existing situation value. All sensitive points of existing situation value PM10 reach the
target.
The contribution of the project to the sensitive points of the technical innovation project after being
put into operation will reduce 43.6%~100%, which will lead to the further of improvement of
ambient air.
In abnormal working conditions, daily mean ground concentration of TSP impact on the sensitive points
has a relatively small prediction increment at all sensitive points, only accounting for 1.87%~23.77% of the
Class II standard of ambient air quality; and accounting for 42.27%~57.77% of Class II standard of
ambient air quality after superposition of the existing situation value. It can meet the requirement of
environmental functions. And the abnormal working conditions last a short time, so it will not bring
obvious negative influence on the surrounding environment.
It can be known that under abnormal working conditions, TSP of the project has an obvious impact on the
sensitive points, but still meet the requirements for environmental functions. In addition, abnormal working
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conditions last a short period of time, it will not cause negative impact on the surrounding environment.
(2) Water Environment Impact Analysis
Water saving and recycling based on the quality are taken into consideration during the designing of 6m
coke oven and coke dry quenching project. Small discharge amount of the clean sewage is also collected by
the clean water system in the plant for recycle use. Under normal working conditions, no drainage from the
project is discharged into the surroundings.
The production wastewater of the project follows up indirect zero drainage, and its main pollution to the
water environment is the direct discharge of a little amount of domestic wastewater. According to the
engineering analysis above, the project generates domestic wastewater with an amount of 7.2m2/d,
accounting for 0.06% of the discharge capacity. Therefore, the project has a relatively little impact on water
environment. SGIS is now constructing a wastewater treatment plant. After it is constructed, all wastewater
from the plant will be collected by the wastewater treatment plant where the wastewater is treated to meet
standard prior to discharge. At that time, the pollution resulted from direct discharge of domestic
wastewater will be solved, and the water quality of Meihua River, Maba River and Beijiang river
downstream the drainage outlets will be significantly improved.
Therefore, the project has a little impact on its surrounding water environment.
(3) Water environment impact assessment
The boundary standard of the project shall comply with the specifications of Standard of Noise at Boundary
of Industrial Enterprises(GB12348-90) , that is to say, 65dB(A) in daytime and 55dB(A) in nighttime.
According to Table 6.3-3a and Table 6.3-3b, after this project is put into operation, the impact of noise is
relatively large at night before noise control measures are taken, while estimation values of all monitoring
sites together with background values are consistent with Class III standard after control measures proposed
in engineering analysis re taken. Hence, there will be no impact on the acoustic environment.
(4) Environmental impact analysis of solid waste
Only the single type solid waste, coke dust of about 3,262.8t/a collected by the dust-removal system, is
produced in the process of production of the CDQ project. The humidified coke dust is completely and
comprehensively utilized by delivering to the coal preparation workshop with carrier vehicles and
incorporating in coking coal, or delivering to the sinter plant as per requirements as the raw material, so
100% for comprehensive use.
At present, SGIS Company has recycled or comprehensively utilized all produced solid wastes, and
basically there is no pollution caused solid wastes.
(5) Environmental risk assessment
In case of H2S leakage accident, under the most unfavorable meteorological conditions and the wind speed
of 1.5m/s of stability F, the maximum allowable concentration limit exceeding that of the workshop is 80m,
limit exceeding that of the Class II standard of the ambient air quality is 800m, and limit exceeding that of
the residential area is 850m. Based on the layout map and the location of project and the sensitive points,
there is no sensitive point within 900m outside the coking plant boundary, and there is no resident in the
scope of the maximum allowable concentration of the workshop, so no human injury will be caused.
In the event of H2S leakage accident, under the least favorable meteorologic condition and 1.5m/s wind
speed of Class F stability, the scope exceeded the workshop maximum permissible concentration is 850m,
the scope exceeded the second air quality standard is 1100m and the scope exceeded the maximum
permissible concentration of residential area is 1100m. Under the environment of H2S exceeded the
workshop maximum permissible concentration for 8 hours, it will harm the human body, and while the
accident time for coke-oven crude gas is 10 minutes, the emergency treatment time is 30 minutes, so it will
not have impact on ambient air. The position relation among general layout plan, project and the sensitive
spot indicates that there is no environmental sensitive spot beyond the boundary of coke-oven plant 900m
and there is no resident within the scope of workshop maximum permissible concentration, so it will not
cause personal injury.
There is no sensitive spot within the scope of internal SGIS 850m.
Based on gas leakage accident results and preventive measures accumulated for each year in the past, the
assessment considers the environmental risk of this project is in the acceptable scope.
The firewater of CO fire accident often contains suspended matter and other impurities. It is different from
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Reconstruction Project for CDQ Cleaner Production on 4.3m Coke Oven in Coking Plant of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.
the accident firewater of chemical industry, because there is no toxic and harmful substance flow out from
the firewater. If there is a fire accident for this project, the firewater should be collected through rainwater
pipeline, and then a sample sedimentation process should be conducted before discharging.
It's recommended SGIS Group to construct a settling tank for the initial rainwater, which can also be
worked as an accident tank for incident drainage and fire water collection, ensuring all discharge outlets
could be up to standard.
14.5 Clean production and mass loading control
(1) Clean production
Based on the comprehensive analysis of clean production indexes for the project, all indexes can generally
be up to or exceed the Class II standard of clean production. Clean production of the project is better than
that of the enterprises in this industry in China, complying with relevant regulations of Clean Production
Standard for Coking Industry (HJ/126-2003) and Development Policies on Steel Industry (July 2005).
It is recommended by this assessment to establish strict internal management rules and regulations,
implement safe production guidance, make job training, execute post responsibility system, carry out clean
production auditing as soon as possible, strengthen quality management, improve environmental
management level, decrease pollutant discharge and increase the level of clean production further.
(2) Mass loading control
This CDQ project effectively reduces the dust generated in original coke wet quenching process after being
put into operation, and there is no SO2 discharged which belongs to pollutant of total volume control.
Therefore, it is judged by this assessment that it is unnecessary to apply total volume of air pollutants for
this CDQ project.
Wastewater with generation capacity of 2m3/d after this CDQ project being put into operation is water seal
water of CDQ oven. The wastewater is discharged into the current phenol-cyanogen wastewater treatment
station of coke-oven plant and will be applied as cooling water of blast furnace after being treated and
meeting relevant standards. Domestic sewage with generation capacity of 7.2m3/d is discharged into the
existing domestic sewage pipeline of SGIS. Staff of this department is re-assigned within SGIS. Hence, as
for water pollutants, it is judged by this assessment that it is unnecessary to apply total volume of water
pollutants for this CDQ project.
14.6 Industrial Policies Analysis & Rationality Analysis of Site Selection
(1) Analysis of compliance to industrial policies
This dry quenching system is equipped with a 90/h JNG86-1 dry quenching device, dust collection and
removal devices and dry quenching boilers. The circular utilization of water is 98.3%. The dusts collected
by the dust remover constitute the solid wastes, which are moistened and sent to the sinter workshop as raw
materials. Compared to the original wet quenching method, dry quenching improves the utilization
efficiency of energies, the recycling utilization of resources and the environment. The project is in line
with the industrial technical policies in accordance with the Development Policies on Steel Industry.
And the project is encouraged in the Guidance Directory for Adjustment of Industrial Structures (the
National Development and Reform Commission; Decree No. 40).
Devices altered using this technique can produce 45 tons of steam per hour, and 367,200 tons of steam
annually. It can replace the corresponding coal steam boiler, saving 40,800 tons of coal annually,
reducing SO2 emission by 520 tons annually, reducing dust emission by 276 tons annually, and NOx
emission by 400 tons annually, cycling water reuse rate is 98.3％; it can reduce the emission of carbon
dioxide by 37,151 tons annually, contributing to alleviating the greenhouse effect.
(2) Rationality analysis of the site selection
The project is located in the plant region of SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd, which is in line with the internal land
usage planning of SGIS Group. The project has a proper connection with the smelting plant, providing
product to the smelting plant and receiving raw materials from the raw material plant, and the general
layout complies with the process flow. The location of the project complies with the production
requirement of SGIS.
Based on the prediction results, all environmental factors shall comply with the requirements of layout of
environmental functions, and are feasible in line with environmental requirements.
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The health protection distance of 4.3m Coking Plant may be taken as 300 meters according to calculation
basing on GB/T13201-91 All the distances between nearest sensitive points and the main pollution facilities
meet this requirement of this health protection distance.
Based on the risk assessment parts, the safety evacuation distance of this project is 850m, which is worked
out by prediction of CO leakage. There is no sensitive spot within the scope of internal SGIS 850m.
The location of SGIS, where the project is located, is as shown in Figure 2.2-2. Comply with the
requirements of health protection distance and safety evacuation distance.
14.7 Public Participation Analysis
According to requirements of the Regulation for Public Participation in the Environmental Impact
Assessment (Huan Fa 006 [No.28]) and the Implementation opinion for public participation in
environmental management of construction projects in Guangdong Province (Yue Huan [2007] No. 99),
three stages of public participation for this project have been conducted.
According to the statistical result of the public participation survey form issued, generally, 72.2% of the
respondents expressed support of the Project, 22.7％ of the respondents said it does not matter one way or
another, 5.1% of the respondents clearly expressed opposition due to concerns over air, water pollution,
traffic inconvenience and economic losses during construction of the Project. People who raise objections
mostly are villagers of the surrounding area, that they do not have enough confidence on the Project, and
are worried that the Project affecting the water quality of the Plum Blossom River and causing air pollution.
But after further communication as well as the commitments made by the owner, the people who opposed
the Project are able to understand and support the implementation of the Project and its construction. So, if
the Unit of the Project take measures on the “3 wastes” treatment in accordance with the requirements of
environmental protection, meet emission standards, strictly implement the various management measures
and safety precautions proposed by the EIA report, and reduce the impact on the life of the residents and on
the environment following the completion of the Project, the majority of the public support the construction
of the Project.
In conclusion, the proposed project complies with relevant national and local industrial policies. The
construction of the proposed project is feasible in environmental protection.
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Appendix:
1. Shao Huan Han [2007] No.351, Letter on Opinions for Examination and Approval of Environmental
Impact Report of Gas Tank Engineering Construction Project of Guangdong SGIS Songshan Co., Ltd.;
2. Public notice of environmental evaluation results of this project;
3. Letter of attorney of the project;
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