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HTML/XHTML – W3Schools Study Guide 1. What does HTML stand for? Hyper Text Markup Language Home Tool Markup Language Hyperlinks and Text Markup Language 2. Who is making the Web standards? The World Wide Web Consortium Netscape Microsoft 3. Choose the correct HTML tag for the largest heading

4. What is the correct HTML tag for inserting a line break?
5. What is the correct HTML for adding a background color? yellow 6. Choose the correct HTML tag to make a text bold HTML W3Schools Quiz.doc Page 1 11/12/2008 HTML/XHTML – W3Schools Study Guide 7. Choose the correct HTML tag to make a text italic 8. What is the correct HTML for making a hyperlink? W3Schools http://www.w3schools.com W3Schools.com W3Schools.com 9. How can you make an e-mail link? xxx@yyy 10. How can you open a link in a new browser window? 11. Which of these tags are all tags?

`12. Choose the correct HTML to left-align the content inside a table cell:`
HTML W3Schools Quiz.doc Page 2 11/12/2008 HTML/XHTML – W3Schools Study Guide 13. How can you make a list that lists the items with numbers?

14. How can you make a list that lists the items with bullets?

15. What is the correct HTML for making a checkbox? 16. What is the correct HTML for making a text input field? 17. What is the correct HTML for making a drop-down list? 18. What is the correct HTML for making a text area? <input type="textbox"> HTML W3Schools Quiz.doc Page 3 11/12/2008 HTML/XHTML – W3Schools Study Guide 19. What is the correct HTML for inserting an image? <img>image.gif</img> <img href="image.gif> <img src="image.gif"> <image src="image.gif"> 20. What is the correct HTML for inserting a background image? <background img="background.gif"> <body background="background.gif"> <img src="background.gif" background> Web Site Design Designing Web sites needs careful thinking and a lot of planning. The most important thing is to KNOW YOUR AUDIENCE. Users Are Scanners If you think a typical user will read the entire content of your Web pages, you are wrong. No matter how much useful information you put into a Web page, a visitor will only spend a few seconds scanning it before they decide whether to leave it or to stay. If you want a visitor to read your text, be sure to make your point in the very first sentence of the page. After that you should try to keep them occupied with short paragraphs and interesting new headers all the way down the page. Less Is More Try to keep all sentences as short as possible. Try to keep your paragraphs as short as possible. Try to keep your chapters as short as possible. Try to keep your pages as short as possible. Use a lot of space between your paragraphs and chapters. Pages overloaded with text will kill your audience. Don't place too much content on a single page. If you have a lot to say, try to break your information into smaller chunks and place it on different pages. Don't expect any visitor to scroll all the way down to the bottom of a page with thousands of words. Navigation Try to create a navigation structure that is common for all the pages in your Web. Keep the use of hyperlinks inside your text paragraphs to a minimum. Don't use hyperlinks inside text paragraphs to send your visitors to every random page of your Web. That will destroy the feeling of a consistent navigation structure. HTML W3Schools Quiz.doc Page 4 11/12/2008 HTML/XHTML – W3Schools Study Guide If you must use hyperlinks, add them to the bottom of a paragraph or to the navigation menus of your site. Download Speed A common mistake made by many web designers is to develop a site on a local machine with direct access to the data, or to develop the site over a high-speed Internet connection. Sometimes developers are not aware of the fact that some of their pages take a long time to download. Internet usability studies tell us that most visitors will leave a Web page that takes more than 7 seconds to download. Before you publish any content heavy pages, make sure they are tested over a low-speed modem connection. If your pages take a long time to download, you might consider removing some of your graphic or multimedia content. Let Your Audience Speak! Feedback from your users is a very good thing. Your visitors are your "customers". Very often they will give you some valuable wisdom, or advise you, completely free of charge, about what you could have done better. If you provide a simple way to reach you, you will get a lot of positive input from a lot of people with different skills and knowledge. Web Building Primer Every Web developer has to know the building blocks of the Web: • • • • • • • How the WWW works The HTML language The use of CSS (style sheets) JavaScript programming The XML standards Server Scripting technologies Managing data with SQL WWW - The World Wide Web The WWW is a network of computers all over the world. The WWW is most often called the Web. The computers on the Web communicate using standard protocols and languages. The W3C (The World Wide Web Consortium) are making the rules and standards for the Web. HTML - The Language of the Web HTML is the language of the Web, and every Web developer should have a basic understanding of it. With HTML you use "markup tags" to define the content and layout of your Web pages. HTML W3Schools Quiz.doc Page 5 11/12/2008 HTML/XHTML – W3Schools Study Guide The HTML tag <h1> defines a primary header, and <p> defines a paragraph. CSS - Cascading Style Sheets Styles define how HTML elements are displayed, just like the <font> tag in older HTML. When styles are saved in external files, you can change the style and appearance of all the HTML pages in your Web, just by changing your CSS document. If you have ever tried to change the font or color of all the headings in all your Web pages, you will understand how CSS can save a lot of work. JavaScript - Client Side Scripting JavaScript is used for client-side scripting. Client-side scripting is about "programming" the Web browser. To be able to deliver more dynamic web site content, you should teach yourself JavaScript. A JavaScript statement like this: document.write("<p>" + date + "</p>") can write a variable text into an HTML page. XML - Extensible Markup Language XML is not a replacement for HTML. XML is used to describe and transport data, while HTML is used to display data. XML and a number of different XML standards are rapidly becoming the most common tools for data transmission, data storing, and data manipulation. Server Side Scripting Server-side scripting is about "programming" the Web server. To be able to deliver more dynamic web site content, you should teach yourself server-side scripting. With server-side scripting, you can (amongst many other things) access databases and return the results to a browser. Managing Web Data with SQL The Structured Query Language (SQL) is the common standard for accessing databases such as SQL Server, Oracle, Sybase, and Access. Any webmaster should know that SQL is the true engine for interacting with databases on the Web. HTML W3Schools Quiz.doc Page 6 11/12/2008 HTML/XHTML – W3Schools Study Guide Questions 1. How long does the average user spend on your web page before making the decision to stay or leave? 2. How much information should go on the home page? 3. What do styles do? 4. What does CSS stand for? 5. What scripting should you use to add more dynamic material to your web page, from the server side? 6. What language is the best way to interact with databases on the Web? 7. What scripting language is good for “programming” the Web browser so that you can add more dynamic material to your page? 8. What language is the basic foundation language of the Web – every webmaster should know it? 9. Why should you provide your web visitors with a way to give you feedback on your page? 10. Internet usability studies tell us that most visitors will leave a Web page that takes more than _______________ seconds to download. 11. Where should you try to put most of your hyperlinks on your page? 12. What is the most important consideration about web site design? 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