Graphs, Charts, and Tables A study of Earthquake Waves For 8th grade students.
Graphs, charts and tables are always appropriate when any type of data collection is involved. Students must be responsible for their construction. They choose which type based on what the data is to show.
Science TEKS
8th Grade – Charts, Graphs, and Tables / Force and Motion
(7.2) (E) the student is expected to construct simple graphs, tables, maps, and charts to organize, examine, and evaluate information. (7.6) The student knows that there is a relationship between force and motion. The student is expected to: (A) demonstrate how unbalanced forces cause changes in the speed or direction of objects motion; and (B) recognize that waves are generated and can travel through different media.
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Math TEKS
(11) (A) (B)
7th Grade – Probability and Statistics
The student understands that the way a set of data is displayed influences its interpretation. The student is expected to: select and use an appropriate representation for presenting collected data and justify the selection; and make inferences and convincing arguments based on an analysis of given or collected data.
Materials to be used by teacher: Procedure:
Write instructions on the board. Students will be composing their own graph.
A. Students follow instructions on sheet. B. Students construct a table and a graph with the given information. A “P” wave (primary wave) travels 2000km in 4 minutes, 5000km in 8 min., and 9000km in 12 min. An “S” wave (secondary wave) travels 3000km in 10 min., 6000km in 17 min., and 10,000km in 23 min. C. On the back of the sheet of paper, answer the following questions: 1. Look at the shape of your wave. Use a sentence or two to describe what is happening over time. 2. Suppose a primary and secondary wave both traveled a distance of 5000km before they are picked up by a seismograph. Which wave will arrive first? 3. How much of a time difference at 5000km will there be between these two waves? Suppose both a primary and secondary wave start together and travel for 5 minutes. Which wave will have traveled the farthest?
The following maps are from the Geophysics Institute at the University of Texas at Austin. Visit their website for even more earthquake information at
http://www.ig.utexas.edu/research/projects/eq/earthquake/HKT/hkt.html
Name ____________________________ Date _______ Period _____
Create a table and a graph with the following information:
key
Earthquake Waves
Time in Minutes
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Answer the following questions:
1. Look at the shape of your wave. Use a sentence or two to describe what is happening over time. The time distance increases as the distance traveled increases. 2. Suppose a primary and secondary wave both traveled a distance of 5000km before they are picked up by a seismograph. Which wave will arrive first? Primary 3. How much of a time difference at 5000km will there be between these two waves? 7 min. 4. Suppose both a primary and secondary wave start together and travel for 5 minutes. Which wave will have traveled the farthest? Primary
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25 20 15 10 5 0 Distance in Kilometers
P Waveave SW