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Analysis of Symposium Process Emerging Trends, Challenges and Innovations For Community
Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) in Cambodia
Diversity of participants
Learning Symposiums and the Development of Selected Papers
The diversity of participants increased for each symposium. The first symposiums included NGOs and
government institutions, but did not yet include commune councilors or students. However, the last symposiums Goal and Objective
included different levels and institutions including NGOs, government institutions, commune councils, local
The overall goal of this
communities and students. Furthermore, at the national symposium there were over 170 participants that
initiative is for commu-
attended from various institution including leading research institutions, local and international NGOs,
nity based approaches to
government institutions, academic institutions, private sectors, commune councilors and communities.
natural resource manage-
Active participation methods and tools ment (CBNRM) to be
analysed and enhanced as
During the thematic symposiums, there were more and more participatory tools used including: fish bowl
important contributions
discussion, buzz discussion, café discussion, plenary discussion, energizer and study visit etc. Moreover, the most
to the poverty alleviation,
interesting was the breakout session of the national symposium based on important themes followed by
socio-economic develop-
presentations, Q&A and summary or reflection. Plenary discussion and dinner session (wrap up session) were
ment, sustainable
also used to engage participants for more participation in this important event.
resource management,
Resource people and discussants good governance and
decentralization policies/
During the first symposium on participatory planning and monitoring, there were a limited number of resource
strategies of the Royal Photo by: CBNRM Learning Institute - 2007
people (only two resource people). However, during each subsequent symposium there was an increase in the
Government of Cambodia.
number of resource people who provided comments/feedback to author presentations/papers (four resource Background
people during the tenure symposium; seven resource people during the governance and decentralization; eleven
Specific Objectives Since the 1980s, many countries in the Asian region, including Cambodia, have seen a
resource people during the livelihoods symposium). More than 20 resource people and discussants with high
professional and experience participated in the national symposium. v knowledge to
Linking groundswell of support for community based approaches to natural resource management.
practice among mul- This is based on the premise that sustainable resource management underpinned by
Reflection and linking knowledge to practice regarding the themes
tiple stakeholders supportive government policies and legal frameworks can lead to more secure livelihoods
Each symposium worked to reflect on the theme's concepts and theory gained from the in-class learning and the Strengthening local
v
for impoverished and marginal rural communities.
practical experience in the field. For example, study visits during the last two symposiums were useful in voices in sharing
understanding how the local situation fits into the discussion on concepts and theory. Within the important event lessons on governance For those interested in community based natural resource management (CBNRM) as a tool
of the national symposium, there were more than 40 presentations which provided the research findings from and livelihoods for good governance and sustainable livelihoods, it is timely to reflect critically on the extent
different sites in Cambodia. In addition to these presentations, there were also five different communities Identifying innovative
v
to which this potential is being met. How equitably are benefits and costs being shared in
including community fishery, forestry, eco-tourism and community protected area who were invited to share initiatives and approa- CBNRM initiatives? To what extent are the voices of marginalized groups shaping the design
their practical experiences, successes, and key challenges that can be reflected between theory and practices. ches and implementation of community based resource management systems at local, national,
regional and global levels? How have local government policies and practices supported or
Further information Participants strengthened community initiatives for sustainable resource use?
Further information is available from Mr. Keam Han, Project Manager Symposia participants: The practices and perceptions of CBNRM in Cambodia have developed significantly during
CBNRM Learning Institute: #30, Street 9, Tonle Bassac, Chamkarmon, Phnom Penh. PO Box 2509 v Institutions
Research the past few years. A series of constructive learning symposia have been conducted to reflect
H/P: +855 (0)11 782 246 Tel: +855 (0)23 994 935 Fax: +855 (0)23 224 171 Local/International
v on the emerging issues of community based approaches to NRM, particularly related to
E-mail: keamhan@cbnrmli.org / info@cbnrmli.org Website: www.cbnrmli.org NGOs governance and livelihood issues. These learning forums were effective in linking
Government Institut-
v knowledge to practice by identifying, analyzing, and sharing insights and experiences
ions among multiple stakeholders on experiences of community based natural resources
v Universities
Academic management across the country. These forums provided the basic for developing a major
Communities
v publication of selected papers on the trends, challenges and innovations of CBNRM that will
Private Sectors
v be completed by early 2009.
CBNRM Learning Institute, 2008. Briefing Note on Emerging Trends, Challenges and Innovations For Community Based Natural Resource
4 Management (CBNRM) in Cambodia 1
Poster
m
Learning Symposiums and the Development of Selected Papers 3 National symposium 10-11 Sep 08
Report
m on national symposium
Draft chapters
m
Development of publications Sept 08 – Mar 09 Report
m on write-shop and peer review
Draft chapters
m Sept – Nov 08 workshops
4
Orientation and peer review workshops
m Nov 08 and Jan 09 Final draft chapters
m
Finalize
m draft chapters and publishing Mar 09 Publications of CBNRM Vol. 2 and
m
occasional papers
Publication launching and follow-up
Publication launching ceremony
m Publication distribution list
m
5 Mar – June 09
Dissemination and discussions
m Final report and dissemination strategy
m
Plan follow-up activities for learning/sharing for learning/sharing
m
Key Learning about Topic/Theme
Themes Key Learning about Topic/Theme
Participatory planning and local
monitoring As different actors in Community Forestry have different perceptions on Community Forestry Management,
q
Principle, Criteria and Indicator (PC & I) could help to define what people would like to achieve from their
management practices.
Factors
q that have to be considered to get successful participatory planning and local monitoring is to engage all
stakeholders from the beginning of the process to encourage ownership and responsibilities
Methodology and facilitation are very important for participatory process.
q
As participatory planning processes involve stakeholders who have different roles and interest over natural
q
resources, the process must be flexible and adaptable to specific condition.
The planning process should be considered as an empowering tool for all stakeholders.
q
Tenure issues: boundaries, access
Tenure
q is how individuals and groups secure access to land and associated resources, has boundary dimension and
and Rights
regulated through statutory or customary law (including social relations). Tenure defines people's relationships to
resources; interests in resources are translated into claims; which are then translated into rights.
Boundaries include: territorial, seasonal, ecological, social and administrative, political/power.
q
Governance: decentralization
policies and practices Decentralization is the transfer of functions and resources to elected sub-national councils that have local discretion
q
to implement the functions and utilize the resources and that are accountable to citizens.
Delegation is the transfer of a function to sub-national councils to be carried out on behalf of the delegating
q
authority such as ministry.
Deconcentration is the transfer of tasks from a department to its sub-national such as provincial departments or
q
district offices.
There
qare some pre-conditions to realizing potential benefits of decentralization:
Good decision about which level should receive functions
v
Functions must be accompanied by corresponding resources and capacity development
v
Councils
v practice principles of good governance
Key Activities and Outputs
Livelihoods: equity and benefit
sharing Benefit
q sharing is another aspect to be considered in livelihood development but more importantly to be discussed
Outputs
No. Key Activities Timeframe further is that how to develop a benefit sharing mechanism that all stakeholders can accept.
(completed and expected)
Several
q livelihood strategies and options can improve people's living. However, it is very much dependent on existing
Team formation
m
resources that local people have and the ability to make decisions regarding those strategies.
1 Call for papers and abstract selection Jan – Apr 08 22 abstracts submitted
m
To strengthen local livelihoods, marketing remains a key factor that creates a more diverse variety of options to be
q
Criteria
m for abstract selection and reporting
taken by local people.
Thematic symposiums: Apr –Aug 08 Livelihood frameworks are essential in order to see factors supporting to livelihood
q
Participatory planning and local monitoring (Siem Reap)
m 23-24 Apr 08 m on thematic symposiums
Reports There
qneeds to be a clear understanding of poor and vulnerable groups (women, widows, female headed household)
2 Tenure
m issues: boundaries, access and Rights (Kratie) 03-04 Jun 08 Inception Report
m within the community for the livelihood improvement activities to be successful
Governance: decentralization policies and practices (Koh Kong)
m 30 Jul - 01 Aug 08 Term of
m references for peer reviewers The most important aspect for sustainable livelihood is equity and benefit sharing
q
Livelihoods: equity and benefit sharing (Battambang)
m 12-15 Aug 08
CBNRM Learning Institute, 2008. Briefing Note on Emerging Trends, Challenges and Innovations For Community Based Natural Resource
2 Management (CBNRM) in Cambodia 3
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