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Business Incubation in Asia
Wang Zhen
Assistant Director of STIC
Director of AABI Secretariat
Asian Association of Business Incubation
Founded on Apr. 30, 2002 in NBIA’s Conference
Aim to promote business incubation activities by
facilitating information exchanges among Asian
incubators, incubator clients and related
organizations.
Members covers 14 countries or regions in Asia
and Pacific Region including Japan, Korea, China,
Malaysia, India, Singapore, Pakistan, Philippines,
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Australia, New
Zealand, Chinese Taipei and Hong Kong.
Asian Association of Business Incubation
Activities
AABI Website as an information platform
AABI Incubator for International Business Incubators
AABI Award for best practice incubator
AABI Newsletters for latest information
AABI Trainging Center for incubator managers
AABI Journal for academic articles on business incubation
AABI Backup Events
Asian Association of Business Incubation
Organization
President: Permanent Honorary President
Mr. Wang Rong (China)
Dr. Horiba (Japan)
Vice President: Honorary President
Mr. Annuar Mohd Saffar (Malaysia)
Dr. Kim Hong (Korea)
Advisor:
Mr. Rustam Lalkaka (USA)
Mr. Wu Yikang (China)
Secretariat:
Shanghai Technology Innovation Center (China)
Asian Association of Business Incubation
There are nearly 1500 incubators in AABI
member countries or regions which account for
1/3 of the total incubators in the world.
Different Incubation Model in Asia
China
“A Policy Tool to Promote
Innovation and Entrepreneurship”
China
Background
Technology Innovation Service Center ---- Incubator
Sponsored by China Torch Program
Government related
Non-profit S&T service institution
China
Overview
TBI Statistics (2006’)
• Total number: 534
• Space:19.69 million M2
• Tenants：39,491 (9,714 new)
• Graduates：15,815
• Employees：717,281
• National-level TBIs: 169
* The above data represents the
incubators included in the statistical
system of MOST, another 500 additional
incubators exist at local levels)
China
Origin
UN expert suggestion to SSTC (now MOST)
in 1987
Feasibility study conducted
First TBI in China:
Wuhan Donghu Pioneers Center, June
1987
TBI as one of the major policy instruments of
Torch Program
China
TBIs as a Policy Tool
Missions：
- Nurture technopreneurs and technology-based
startups
Functions：
- Base for the commercialization of hi-tech
research results
- Community of entrepreneurs；
- Linking between universities,research institutes,
hi-tech startups and market.
China
Development
The period of classic development
The government offered special policies and investment in
establishing physical facilities
The incubators laid stress on transforming the existing
achievements and nurturing the existing small enterprises
The services were mainly physical facilities and various
junior consulting
They paid more attentions to social benefits rather than
direct economic benefits
Institutionally, as self-reliance organizations independently
responsible for their own incomes and expenses,
The incubators gradually evolve into corporate management
China
Development
The period of diversified development
directly serving the entrepreneurs
wider services areas
development of industry-specific (targeted)
incubators
venture capital combined
profit-oriented development
Internationalized development
China
Current Status
Recent Development
Diversified Models
Sector Specific Incubation
Multiple Ownership
Networking at different levels
China
Diversified Models
58 University-related Incubators such as those set
up by Qing Hua University, Shanghai Jiaotong
University, Tongji University, Chongqing University,
Sichuan University
45 Incubators for Returned overseas scholars
32 Software Parks
9 International Business Incubators
Dalian Incubator for Overseas Scholars
Tsinghua University Incubator Hangzhou Software Park
China
Software Parks
Major driving force
for the development
of software industry
in China
Total income: 55.5% Northeast University Software Park
Export: 45.7%
Employees: 71.9%
Rapid development
Average annual growth
since 2000’: 49.6%
Xi’an Software Park
China
Sector Specific Incubation
-Shanghai Zhangjiang Bio-medicine Incubator
-Beijing Manufacture Incubation Base
-Beijing Advanced Material Incubator
-Shanxi Yangling Agricultural Incubator
-Tianjin Tanggu Marine Technology Incubator
China
Multiple Ownership
14.17%
Fully Gov-funded Public Orgs
9.45%
0.79% 11.02% Partially Gov-funded Public Orgs
14.17% Independent Public Orgs
SOEs
29.13% Ltd.Compnies(PPP)
21.26%
Private Enterprises
Dual-Identity Entities
China
Networking
•Networking at different levels
-Professional Committee on Technology Business
Incubators under China National Association of STIPs
-Regional Networks in west, north and mid-east China
-Local Networks in Beijing, Shanghai and Hubei and etc.
China
Characteristics
Strong support from governments at
different levels
Close linkage between incubators
and STIPs
Comprehensive value-added service
system
China
Achievements
Entrepreneurialism promoted
Platforms provided for entrepreneurs from
universities and research institutes in China and
from overseas to establish their own startups
A large quantity of technology enterprises and
entrepreneurs have been brought up, making
remarkable contributions to economic development
and industrial restructuring
Major sources of innovative technologies,
contributing 1/4 of all technology-based SMEs in
China (including over 20 listed companies)
Contribution in job creation
INCUBATION conception spread
China
Challenges
–Unbalanced development (east vs. west,
hardware vs. software, number vs. quality)
–Limited funding channels
–Managers of incubators are insufficient in business
managing experiences
–Hardware facility expansion tends to undermine
provision of value-added services
–Interaction with other innovation promoters need to
be strengthened
China
Future
Reinforced as key players in creating
innovation headstreams (“Growing Seedlings”)
To reinforce the development of tech-based
SME community
To lower the individual risk and cost of the
innovation activities undertaken by tech-
based SMEs
China
Incubation Model: Growing Seedlings
Funding System
Seedlings (Market)
Sprouts (Products)
Seeds (Idea)
High Growth
Innovative SMEs
Entrepreneurial Team
Innovative Technologies with
Good Market Potential Fostering System
Different Incubation Model in Asia
Malaysia
“Building Sustainable Incubation Industry”
Malaysia
Incubators in Malaysia
KEDAH
KTM MSC ZONE
SB/KHTP
MCIA
PENANG BT Multimedia
N2N Ventures
SABAH
USAINS
PERAK
MELAKA
KLANG VALLEY MICTH S/B
YTL E-Solutions Bhd SARAWAK
BioEnterprise S/B
Sirim Technology Inc.
Skali E-Ventures S/B
JOHOR
ISpring Capital S/B
UTM/BIP
Malaysia
Evolution of Incubators
Generation Model Characteristics Time Incubators
Real estate
Landlord
1st model
Shared facilities 1988-1944 1 (tech) incubator
Reactive support
Landlord + Real estate
Consulting/ Shared facilities 3 (tech) incubators
2nd Advisory Proactive support
1995-1998
30+ incubators overall
model Business Advisory Services
Real estate, 55 Incubators Nationwide
Shared facilities 1999-2004
18 MSC Status Incubators
Proactive support
Access to Funding
Facilities + Co-Venturing
Business Mentoring & Coaching
Advisory Business Acceleration process
2005-2010
3rd Services Technology Labs
(MSC Status (In 2010)
And Focused Technopreneur
Incubator→ 100 Incubators Nationwide
Mentoring Development Programs
Cybercentre→ 30 MSC Status Incubators
services Technology & Business
Cybercity)
Incubator Development
Consulting
Incubator Industry Development
Consulting
Malaysia
Federal Government’s Concern Over
Progress of Incubation (1996-1999)
Up to 1996/99, ALL (36) incubators were federal or state
supported incubators.
Too much dependence on federal government funding
(both development and operation budget).
No private-owned incubator.
Success stories were lacking/not forthcoming.
Malaysia
A Malaysian Model of Technology
Incubators
Corporatizations of Technology Incubators/Parks.
Partially supported by Federal Malaysian Government
Receive only Development Budget, but no Operations
Budget.
Funding for Technology Excellence Centres
- Information Technology Centre : Java Tech Devmt Centre,
Virtual Reality, etc
- Advanced Engineering Centres :Rapid Prototyping, CAD Lab,
Automation, etc.
- Biotech Centres : QC Lab, Standardization Centres,
Extraction Plant, etc.
Malaysia
Incentives for MSC Status Incubators
MSC Status Incentives through the Bill of Guarantees for MSC Status
Incubator
No Corporate Tax for 1st Ten Years.
Expedited Visa approval for Hiring of Knowledge workers from abroad.
Etc.
Strategic shared resources, business, technical advisory and technology
labs support through NIDP/NINA
Benchmarking and Networking through NIDP
Incubator Manager Training
Incubator Manager Exchange Program
Access to MSC-TDF Programs, KHTP-PVED Programs, etc.
Membership to National Incubator Network Association (NINA)
Malaysia
Recent Successes of Incubation
in Malaysia
Technology Park Malaysia has more than 20 public-listed
companies that graduated from incubator program.
MSC-Tech Comm Centre has 5 public-listed companies
that graduated from their incubator program.
16 new incubators formed in last 10 years.
Nine (9) are private-owned incubators formed in last 3
years.
Malaysia
Collaboration between Public and Private
Incubators (Case Study)
Collaboration between:
BT Multimedia Sdn. Bhd. (part of the British Telecom Group) - (Private)
MCA ICT Resource Centre (MIRC) - (Public)
Both are MSC Malaysia Status Incubators & members of
the Malaysian National Incubator Network Association
(NINA).
In 2006, at the SME ICT Global Leadership Forum, BT &
MIRC signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to
train small and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) in
implementing information communication technology (ICT)
into their operations.
Different Incubation Model in Asia
Chinese Taipei
“Industry-Academia Collaboration
by MOE”
Chinese Taipei
Mechanism
Steering committee Policy
Annual promotion plan
Related rules
Technology Licensing Regional Industry-Academia Incubator in the
Office in universities Collaboration Center universities
Administration (Investigate regional resources)
Matching (Industry and Academia)
Manage the collaborative laboratory
Establish the R&D team
Communication and coordination
Education and training
Consultation
University funds Subsidize the key programs by Financial support from
Ministry of Education industry
Technology Research Center in
Ministry of Education
Research center Research center
Laboratory R&D from industry Laboratory
Engineering center System Integration Engineering center
Commercial Test
Chinese Taipei
Supporting System
Steering Committee
Regional Industry-Academia Collaboration Center
Technology Research Center in Ministry of Education
The “Information Network” for Industry- Academia
Collaboration
Chinese Taipei
Introduce the Non-Government Resources to
Participate into “Incubator BOT Program”
Establishment of supporting government groups from:
Public Construction Commission, Executive Yuan
Ministry of Economic Affairs
Ministry of Finance
Ministry of Education
Chose the demonstrative universities to setup Incubator
through BOT since 2006
National Tsing Hua University
National Central University
National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
Chinese Taipei
Industry-Academia Collaboration Mode
Training
Implement the “Final mile program”
Promote “Academic Program Degree”
Make the Industrial R&D On-job Master Programs
Try to set up “Specialty Academy”
Interflow of people between Industry and Academia
Broaden the rule of part-time job
Broaden the rule of people interflow
Modified the qualification of school principal
Expand the personnel head-counts of “Industry-Academia Collaboration
program ” in national university
Implement Assessment and Teachers’ Promotion
The outcome of industry-academia collaboration is added into the university
performance measurement by MOE
The results of the industry-academia collaboration is added into the teacher’s
promotion consideration
Reward mechanism
Reward the achievement of Industry- Academia Collaboration
Reward teacher and service of industry
Different Incubation Model in Asia
Korea
“Commercialization of Scientific Knowledge
Through University Based Incubator”
Korea
Commercialization
• Universities are an “engine” for economic growth and
a source of new knowledge
Fertile ground for new ideas
Educate workers comfortable with new technology
Focused on research involving revolutionary concepts
Funded with a mandate to benefit society
If Universities are such a great engine.
- Engines must be properly designed and tuned
- My car needs more than just an engine!
Korea
Approach of Universities
Fulfill academic mission
Educate world class researchers
Produce world class research
Facilitate commercialization of technology
Business Incubator
Technology Transfer Office
Work with intermediaries to span the “chasm”
between discovery and products
Korea
Case Study: Business Venturing & Incubating
at Hoseo University
Foreigners Industrial Complex
Tangjeong TFT-LCD Cluster (Crystal Valley) 29 tenants
714,000㎡
ABB, GKN
Samsung & Sony
Semiconductors, Auto parts
5,652,000㎡ Mechanics
Choenan 1st,2nd,3rd Industrial Complex
A radius of 15km
110 tenants
2,023,000㎡
Machines, Metals,
Semiconductors
Korea
Result of Business Venturing
(1999-2005)
30 Companies (Neosemitech, CST, Hisonic CMtech,
Success Company
GayaAMA, etc.)
15 Companies (Seongwootechno, BikwangCS,
Failed Company
Sinewave, etc.)
26 Companies (Bitonet, Tronel, WintechIC,
On going Company
bokwangchemical, etc.)
3 Companies (Amotech, Inociptechnology,
KOSTAC listed Company
Pamacodegien)
*Invest company: 6( 1M US$ )
KOSTAC listed company:3 (2.2 M US$)
Angel Club
On going Company: 1
Failed Company: 2
Korea
Hoseo University Model of Business Incubation
Developing Human Resources for venture starts-ups
▶ Dept. of Industrial Venture Business in Eng. School
▶ GSE, GSV
R&D Management Support
- Professors Specialists for venture - Hoseo Consulting Corp.
- Students
Technology Transfer
- TTC TBI
SBI
Finance & Investment
Education/Training
- Venture Start-up - Hoseo Angel Fund
School Hoseo Techno Valley - Hoseo Venture Capital
- Entrepreneur’s - Hoseo Seeds Fund
Class
Success of Entrepreneur
Korea
Result of Service Program
Kind of Number of Kind of Number of
Service Services Service Services
Tax & 165 Funding 2
Accounting
Management 187 PR. & 21
Consulting Advertisement
Law & 25 Financing & 18
Patent Guarantee
Government 44 Marketing 26
Approval
Different Incubation Model in Asia
New Zealand
New Zealand
The Purpose and Background of BI
Policies in New Zealand
New Zealand Trade and Enterprise (NZTE)
-is the New Zealand government’s economic development
agency. NZTE established an Incubator Support
Programme in 2001 to guide the development of an
incubation industry focused on growing high tech,
internationally focused businesses in its target growth
sectors of ICT, Biotechnology and the Creative Industries.
New Zealand
Case Study: The Waikato Innovation Park
A not for profit company
Which aims
to enhance the sustainable competitive advantage of the New Zealand
Agricultural Sector and Processing Industries
Act as an “honest broker” for the Region – bringing Industry, Farmers,
Universities and CRIs together to produce “pasture to the plate”
projects.
Counter our global weakness of being
small,
fragmented,
competitive with ourselves,
and isolated
New Zealand
So what does this mean for the Region
Some Regional AgBio Economy Impacts
1cent change in milk margin = $4 million
1cent change in meat margin = $6.1million
$6.4 billion or 48.6% of Waikato economy
derived from pastoral based Dairy, Sheep, Beef,
Deer Farming and associated Processing
Industries.
New Zealand
Three distinct – but connected approaches
The Innovation Park
The Business Incubator
The AgBio Cluster – domestic and
international
New Zealand
The AgBio Cluster
What is the role of the Innovation Park in an
AgBio Cluster?
To facilitate collaboration between New Zealand’s
AgBio Companies.
To act as the “honest broker” or middle man for
the sector.
To encourage internationalisation of NZ’s
agritechnology and services
Different Incubation Model in Asia
Singapore
Business Incubation Facilities
Singapore
Business Incubation Facilities
EDB categorizes the incubators in following
manner:
- Incubation facility provider 16
- Technology specific incubator 10
- Universities, School, Research Institute based
incubator 14
- Foreign country incubator 17
- Business accelerator (including consultants) 13
Singapore
Available Support for BI
The Source for BI Support (Organization or
Department in Charge)
- Economic Development Board
Available Support for the Operation of
Incubation Facilities
- use part of the subsidy from the LEAP program mentioned
later in management of incubation facilities
Singapore
Available Support for BI
• Available Support for the Training of Incubation
Managers
- The EDB has the “Locally-Based Enterprise Advancement Program”,
abbreviated as the LESP Program. For organizations called
Multipliers (that is, organizations that support the multiplication of
businesses, approximately the same meaning as Incubator), the
EDB will provide 90% of the costs for one year including fulltime
incubation managers, and running costs directly related to achieving
“results”. Multipliers support the development of firms, and also lay
the foundation for various kinds of new businesses to spring up.
Once an application for subsidies is accepted, the incubator's goal
becomes to establish 10 companies per year. Every 3 months its
progress is evaluated, and money is paid according to the expenses
incurred in those 3 months.
Conclusion
Major characteristics of incubators in AABI
1. Government background
2. University related
3. Technology based
4. The emerging stage comparing with the
incubators in Western Countries
Future Development
1. Aim to improve the incubation ability and quality
2. Focus on the specialization of business incubation
3. Establish the information platform
4. Strengthen the international cooperation to share
networking resources
5. Promote the inter-exchange among tenant companies
6. Cooperation between AABI and relevant international
organization such as infoDev
Welcome to XinJiang
The mysterious region on the world
famous ancient Silk Road
Shanghai---Xinjiang Technology Cooperation Fair
Forum on Technology Innovation
Aug. 27-30, 2007 Urumqi China
Sponsored by
Asian Association of Business Incubation
Hosted by
Shanghai Technology Innovation Center
Welcome to Shanghai in this Fine Autumn!
Incubation Forum
on International Cooperation
Sep. 23-26, Shanghai China
Sponsored by
Shanghai International Business Incubator
Thank You!
Contact:
Mr. Wang Zhen
Address: 100 Qinzhou Road, Shanghai,200235, China
Tel: +86-21-64839007 Fax: +86-21-64833567
Email: stic@stn.sh.cn
Web Site: www.incubator.sh.cn / www.aabi.info
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