VOCATIONAL EDUCATION PROGRAMME IN ORISSA : A BRIEF HISTORY
It is a well known fact that many graduates and post graduates belonging to the General and Engineering streams are either unemployed or underemployed due to lack of adequate employment opportunities. The vocational education programme aims at imparting education at the Higher Secondary stage designed to create middle level skilled personnel who can become self employed by starting their own enterprises. Besides self employment, the vocational passouts may opt for jobs in government/private sectors or may pursue higher studies. The Vocational Education Programme started in Orissa in the year 1988. Government of Orissa approved 231 Vocational Schools known as Government Higher Secondary Vocational Schools (GHSVSs) of which 171 are in non-tribal districts and 60 are in tribal districts. This was done in three different phases, 31 in 1988-89,150 in 1990-91 and 50 in 1995-96. All these schools operated within the host institutions which were either Government or non-Government aided Colleges or Government High Schools. Of these 231 GHSVSs, 51 were in College premises and 180 were in different High School premises. Out of these 231 institutions only 85 were having admission around 2000. By 2003-04 only seventy-one (71) numbers of GHSVSs were imparting +2 vocational course in the state. The Headmaster of the host High School or the Principal of the host College acted as the Principal-in-charge of the GHSVS. Since some of these GHSVSs were located in high schools premises and others were located in college premises, there were administrative problems because high schools are under the administrative control of School and Mass Education department whereas the colleges are under the administrative control of Higher Education Department. To solve this problem, Government in 2003-04 took a decision and shifted all the GHSVSs located within high school premises to nearby Government or Non-Government Aided Colleges. The GHSVS has been renamed as Government Vocational Junior College (GVJC) after shifting from high school to College premises. ADMINSTRATION : In order to spread Vocational Education in a disciplined and well-directed manner a separate Directorate known as the Directorate of Vocational Education has been created under the Department of Higher Education with effect from 1.8.2000 having three Regional Offices established at Berhampur, Sambalpur and Bhubaneswar. The Directorate of Vocational education is the administrative head office of the different GVJCs of the state. Under this Directorate there are three Regional Offices of Vocational Education (ROVEs) located at Berhampur, Bhubaneswar and Sambalpur, each headed by a Deputy Director. In the Directorate, there is one Director, one Deputy Director and three Consultants who are experts of different trades. There is also one Accounts Officer who belongs to the Class II of the Orissa Finance Service cadre. The Deputy Directors of Directorate and ROVEs and Consultants are Readers under the Government of Orissa in the class I of the OES cadre. In the Department of Higher Education, Government of Orissa, there is a
Vocational Education cell with L.O.-cum-Deputy Secretary as its branch officer under the Commissioner-cum-Secretary to Government who supervises all matters relating to the Vocational Education Programme. SYLLABUS AND EXAMINATION : A student, who has passed in the High School Certificate Examination from a recognized Board or Council, is eligible to take admission in a vocational trade running in one of the GVJC s in the State. The duration of the course is two years, at the end of which the examination is conducted by the Council of Higher Secondary Education (CHSE), Orissa, which also issues certificates to the passouts. The examination consists of the following four compulsory subjects-English, MIL, Environmental Education and Yoga and Basic Foundation Course (BFC) consisting of 3 papers. Besides these, there are four theory papers and four practical papers related to the trade subjects. There are in total 34 working weeks in an academic session. There are two periods per week in each of the four compulsory subjects. In each of the two theory papers of a trade, in each year there are three periods per week. In each of two practical papers of a trade, there are two practical sessions in a week, each of three periods duration. The details of the number of periods allotted in different papers, either in 1st year or in 2nd year, are depicted in the table below Name of the subject/paper English MIL(O) Environmental Education Yoga BFC-1 BFC-2 BFC-3 Trade Theory Paper-I Trade Theory Paper-II Practical Paper-1 Practical Paper-2 Number of periods per week 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 03 +03=06 03 +03=06 Number of periods per session 68 68 68 68 68 68 68 68 68 204 204 Total Marks
100 100 70 50 50 50 50 50 50 100 100
From the session 2008-09, there will be year-wise examination for +2 Vocational stream. The syllabus for compulsory subjects, BFC papers and each of the trades is prepared and approved by the CHSE, Orissa DIFFERENT TRADES OFFERED: Two trades have been allotted to each GVJC and as mentioned above, a student can take admission in one trade only. Presently, teaching is imparted in the following 20 trades in different GVJCs of the State.
Agriculture Dairying Poultry Farming Horticulture Seri Culture Inland Fisheries Crop Production Health & Paramedical Medical & Laboratory Technician Engineering and Technology Audio Visual Technician Building Maintenance Computer Technique Repair & Maintenance of Electrical Domestic Appliance 5. Repair & Maintenance of Power Driven Farm Machinery Group D Business & Commerce 1. Accountancy & Auditing 2. Insurance 3. Office Management 4. Tax Assistant Group E Home Science 1. Creche and Pre-School Management 2. Catering & Restaurant Management Group F Humanities and Others Area Textile Designing (TD) 1. Tourism and Travel Technique (TTT) 2. On the basis of fundamental knowledge the BFC papers have been prepared for different groups. The details are as follows: Paper I II III Group A & B Physics Chemistry Biology Group C Physics Chemistry Maths. Group D Commerce Commerce Economics Gr. E.F. History Pol. Science Economics
Group A 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Group B 1. Group C 1 2. 3. 4.
ADMISSION OF STUDENTS : The application forms for admission may be obtained from the office of the Principal of the GVJC of the locality. The maximum number of students to be admitted for each section in any trade shall be 24 and the minimum shall be 12 in case of Computer Technique(CT) trade and 8 in case of all other trades.
In other words when one section has been allowed in a GVJC for a particular trade, the maximum number of students who may be admitted for that trade shall be 24. If, however, two sections have been allowed for a particular trade, the maximum number of students who may be admitted for that trade shall be 48, i.e., 24 in each section. In case the number of students taking admission in a section in a particular trade is less than 8 (or less than 12 in case of CT trade), such section of that trade shall not be allowed to be opened. For example, when two sections in a particular trade have been allotted to a particular GVJC and 30 students are found eligible for admission, only one section with 24 students will be opened and no admission will be made in the second section. Thus to open two sections, at least 36 students should be eligible for admission in case of Computer Technique(CT) trade and at least 32 students should be eligible for admission in case of any other trade. To open more than one section prior permission of the Government. Each student admitted in the Computer Application trade shall have to pay a course fee of Rs.1000/- per annum in addition to the admission and other fee prescribed by the Government. A separate savings bank account shall be opened by the Principal of the GVJC either in Post Office or in any nationalized bank including regional rural banks. The fee of Rs. 1000/collected from each such student shall be deposited in this account and may be spent by the Principal-in-charge per annum as per the following norms : 1. (a) Energy charges (b) Watch and ward staff Rs. 6,000/- to Rs.7,000/Rs. 3,000/- to Rs. 3,600/-
(c ) Contingent expenditure including Rs. 1,000/- to Rs.1,400/Stationeries 1. The balance amount including the interest accrued shall be saved for repair and maintenance of the equipments after expiry of the warranty period. 2. The Deputy Director of the ROVE concerned shall check the collection and expenditure position at least once in every six months. 3. After withdrawal of funds from the saving accounts, it should not be kept idle for more than 7 days. Any deviation from this shall make the officer concerned personally liable and it shall be recovered from his personal entitlements including his retirement benefits. 4. Photocopy of the pass book in which the course fees collected from students are deposited, shall be sent to the Deputy Director, ROVE concerned along with the names of the students admitted soon after the admission process is completed. To ensure that no confusion is made in this regard the first transaction of expenditure to be incurred on this account shall be made after the approval of the Deputy Director, ROVE concerned. TEACHERS OF THE PROGRAMME : Teaching is imparted by qualified teachers who are either Part Time Resource Persons (PTRPs) or deployed or contractual Full Time Resource Persons (FTRPs). One PTRP is paid remuneration of Rs. 50/- per period. The contractual FTRP receives a remuneration of Rs.5,000/- per month. The
deployed FTRPs are qualified erstwhile vocational instructors who receive their usual salary from their parent organizations. The educational qualification of the contractual FTRPs/PTRPs in different trades are as follows
SL. NAME OF THE TRADE ELIGIBILITY NO. SUBJECT CRITERIA AGRICULTURE AREA 1. Inland Fisheries (IF) B.F.Sc. with 55% of marks 2. Horticulture (HORT) B.Sc. (Agri) with 55% of marks 3. Crop Production(CP) B.Sc. (Agri) with 55% of marks 4 Poultry Farming(PF) B.V.Sc. & A.H. with 55% of marks 5 Repair and Maintenance Degree in Agricultural Engineering of Power Driven Farm Machinery (PDFM) 6 Dairying (DAI) B.V.Sc. & A.H. with 55% of marks 7 Sericulture(SERI) B.Sc. Sericulture with 55% of marks BUSINESS AND COMMERCE AREA 8 Office Management M.Com. with 55% of marks (OM) 9 Insurance(INS) M.Com. with 55% of marks 10 Accountancy and M.Com with 55% of marks having knowledge in Auditing(AA) Computer application/M.Com with 55% of marks with DCA/BCA 11 Tax Assistant(TA) L.L.B with 55% of marks ENGINEERING AREA 12 Audio Visual B.E/B.Tech, in any branch of Electronics engineering Technician(AVT) or equivalent 1.Instrumentation & Control Engineering, 2. Electronics & Telecom Engineering, 3.Applied Electronics & Instrumentation, 4. Electrical & Electronics, 5. Electrical Engineering, 6. Electronics Engineering 13 Repair & Maintenance of B.E/B.Tech. in Electrical engineering or equivalent Electrical Domestic Appliances (EDA) 14 Building BE/B.Tech Degree in Civil Engineering or Bachelor of Maintenance(BM) Technology in Construction Management (BTCM) from IGNOU 15 Computer Technique Post Graduate degree in any discipline with (CT) P.G.Diploma in computer Application from any Institute recognized by DOECCA or PGDCA from any recognized University or MCA or B.Tech/B.E. in Computer Science/Engineering HUMANITIES & OTHERS
16
Textile Designing(TD)
Post Graduation in clothing and Textiles/M.Tech. in Textile Technology/+2 with five years diploma in textile designing from Govt. recognized Institute such as National Institute of designing, Ahmedabad/National Institute of Fashion Technology/ Home Science Graduate plus two years P.G. Diploma in Textile Designing from any Govt. recognized Institute such as National Institute of Designing, Ahmedabad and National Institute of Fashion Technology.
Travel MTA/MTM or a Post Graduate degree with Diploma in Tourism Management from a recognized institution/ MBA with Hospitality/ Tourism as a subject/Project HEALTH AND PARAMEDICAL AREA 18 Medical Laboratory M.B.B.S with 55% of marks Technician (MLT) ( Preference to M.D in Pathology/ Microbiology/Path and Bact./ Biochemistry) HOME SCIENCE 19 Crèche & Pre-School 1. MA/M.Sc. in Home Science with 55% of marks and Management (CPM) having Child Development as a special paper, 2.M.A. in Education with 55% of marks having education of the Pre-School Child as special paper, 3.M.Ed. with 55% of marks with early childhood Education as special paper. 20 Catering and Restaurant Degree/Diploma ( Minimum 3 years duration) in Hotel Management (CRM) Management and Catering Technology/Hospitality and Hotel Administration from any Institute affiliated to National Council for Hotel Management and Catering Technology/State Board of Technical Education/Recognised University having minimum 50% marks in aggregate with two years of experience in Industry or Teaching/ M.A or M.Sc in Home Science with 55% of marks( in Food and Nutrition/Nutrition and Dietetics/ Institutional Management and deities or equivalent/B.Sc (Home Science) with one year certificate course in Food and Beverage Service/ Food Production with one year experience in relevant trade.
17
Tourism and Technique(TTT)
APPRENTICESHIP TRAINING : To obtain national level competence, a vocational passout has to go for apprenticeship training for a period of one year. During this period the apprentice receives a stipend of Rs. 1090/- per month, 50% of which is paid by Government of India through Board of Practical Training (BOPT),Kolkata and the rest 50% is paid by the Firm/Organisation/Enterprise where the apprentice receives the training. The Principals of GVJCs are to send the names of vocational passouts (tradewise) in the prescribed proforma to BOPT, Kolkata for selection of the apprentice trainee along with an endorsement of a list to the Directorate of Vocational Education, Orissa. MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE : In order to monitor the activities at the Central level a Joint Council for Vocational Education (JCVE) was created under the Ministry of Human Resource Development and a Central Institute of Vocational Education known as Pundit Sunderlal Sharma Central Institute of Vocational Education (PSSCIVE),Bhopal, a constituent of NCERT is the apex level research and
development body of Vocational education Programme(VEP) at National level. The PSSCIVE prepares the curriculum for different trades of the +2 Vocational Education programme which is taken as guideline for preparing the curriculum at the CHSE(O) level. As the State level counterpart of the JCVE, a State Council for Vocational Education (SCVE) was created in Orissa along with the District Vocational Education Committee (DVEC) to facilitate the promotion and supervision of Vocational Education at the State and District level. The Project Director, DRDA of the District, in which the GVJC is located, is the Chairperson and the Deputy Director of the ROVE concerned is the member convenor of the DVEC.