Trends in Mortality by Income in Urban Canada from 1971 to 1996.
PART I Russell Wilkins, Edward Ng and Jean-Marie Berthelot Health Analysis and Modeling Group Statistics Canada, Ottawa
Session 65: Causes of Death Analyses, Differentials and Trends Population Association of America (PAA) 2001 Annual Meeting, Washington DC 29-31 March 2001
Russell Wilkins
Health Analysis and Modeling Group Statistics Canada, RHC-24A Ottawa ON K1A OT6
Tel: 1-613-951-5305 Fax: 1-613-951-3959 Email: russell.wilkins@statcan.ca
Data inclusions and exclusions
• Total deaths
– – – – –
1971 1986 1991 81,465 101,104 101,960
0 14,824 923 213 4 0 16,156 17 97 8
1996 122,104
0 19,185 1,010 122 1
Reg not retr’d 18 Res health inst 5,912 CT not coded 1,375 CT excluded 109 Age or sex unkn 61
• Deaths retained 73,990 88,140 • Non-inst pop (mil) 11.6 14.9
93,328 16.5
101,786 17.7
% 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
1971
Low Income
Q1-Richest Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5-Poorest
1986
1991
1996
%
35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 1971
Foreign-born
Q1-Richest Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5-Poorest
1986
1991
1996
per 1,000
20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
Infant Mortality
Q1 - Richest Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 - Poorest
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996
Infant Mortality, 1996
per 1,000 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Q1-Richest Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5-Poorest
Q5/Q1 Mortality Ratios
3,50 3,25 3,00 2,75 2,50 2,25 2,00 1,75 1,50 1,25 1,00 0,75 <1 1971M 1986M 1991M 1996 M 1971F 1986F 1991F 1996F 1-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75-84 85+ Age (yrs)
Life Expectancy at Birth
Yrs
83 81 79 77 75 73 71 69 67 65 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996
Q1-M Richest Q2-M Q3-M Q4-M Q5-M Poorest Q1-F Richest Q2-F Q3-F Q4-F Q5-F Poorest
Life Expectancy, Males 1996
72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 Yrs
Q1-Richest Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5-Poorest
Life Expectancy, Females 1996
80 80.5 81 81.5 82 82.5 83 Yrs
Q1-Richest Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5-Poorest
Female-Male Difference in Life Expectancy
Yrs
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Q3 Q4 Q5 - Poorest Q1 - Richest Q2
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996
Probability of Survival to Age 75
%
80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996
Q1-M Richest Q2-M Q3-M Q4-M Q5-M Poorest Q1-F Richest Q2-F Q3-F Q4-F Q5-F Poorest
Probability of Survival to Age 75, Males 1996
%
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
64
66
68
70
Q1-Richest Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5-Poorest
Probability of Survival to Age 75, Females 1996
70 72 74 76 78 80 82
%
Q1-Richest Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5-Poorest
PYLL(0-74) by Cause, 1996
0
Neoplasms Excess Injuries Circulatory Infectious Perinatal Ill-defined Congenital All other
%
5
10
15
20
25
30 30,9
35
23,1 19,2 17,6 5,3 4,9 4,8 3,8 13,5
Excess PYLL(0-74) by Cause, 1996
0 Circulatory Injuries Neoplasms Infectious Ill-defined Perinatal Digestive All other 5.4 14.5 8.3 7.1 12.2 14 16.9 5 10 15 20 21.6
%
25
Age Distribution of Excess
PYLL (0-74)
100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 55-74 35-54 15-34 1-14 yr <1 yr