Nutritional Assessment of a Community
Dr. Hamda Qotba, B.Med.Sc, M.D, ABCM
Terminology you have to know
Nutrition: Process by which living organism receives material and uses them to promote it’s vital activities Nutrient: Any substance which is digested and absorbed to promote body function
Diet: Selection of food which is normally eaten by person or population Food: Substance when eaten , digested, absorbed provide at least one nutrient Balanced diet : Diet that provide adequate amount of all nutrients
Malnutrition:
Caused by incorrect amount of nutrient intake
Nutritional status:
Health status that produced by balanced between requirements and intake
Nutritional assessment:
Measurement of nutritional status by anthropometrics , biochemical data, dietary history
A) Collect anthropometrics measurements
B) Look at biochemical data C) Conduct physical examination to detect the clinical signs of nutritional status D) Obtain a dietary history
Anthropometrics
• Height • Weight • Skin fold thickness (triceps, biceps, below scapula, above iliac, and upper thigh) • Circumference (head, mid upper arm, waist, calf, and hip)
Physical growth
• Weight for age
• Malnutrition (Gomez)
• Height for age
• Stunting (waterlow)
• Weight for height
• Wasting
• BMI
• Obesity
Weight for age Malnutrition (Gomez)
• • • • • W/A= W/W(N) x 100 90-110 = Normal 75-89 = 1st, Mild 60-74 = 2nd , Moderate <60 = 3rd, Severe
Height for age Stunting
• • • • • • H/A=H/H(N) x 100 < -2 SD = Stunted, Wasted > 95 = Normal 87.5-95= Mild 80-87.5= Moderate < 80 = Severe
Weight for height Wasting
• • • • • • W/H= W/W(at same H) x 100 < -2 SD = Stunted, Wasted > 90 = Normal 80-90 = Mild 70-80 = Moderate < 70 = Severe
Body Mass Index (BMI)
• • • • • BMI= W(kg)/ H(m)² < 15= Underweight 15-85= Normal > 85= Overweight > 95= Obese