08年复习题库

							                         全国教师教育网络联盟入学联考

                                  （专科起点升本科）

                       大学英语复习备考题库
                                         2009 年

Vocabulary and Structure

练习一

1. This heroic deed _____ him his life.
A. spent          B. cost           C. took             D.asked
2. I am _____ of money at the moment. Could you lend me some?
A. short           B. long         C. need               D. wanting
3. Raising the temperature of blood flowing to the brain causes _____ feelings.
A. unpleasant      B. unpleasing C. unpleased            D. unbreathing
4. Although the weather was very bad, the buses still ran on _____.
A. time            B. plan          C. schedule          D. arrangement
5. It's the third time your brother        late this week.
A. had arrived     B. arrives       C. have arrived     D. has arrived
6. The general ordered that the prisoners of war be put to _____ immediately.
A. death          B. wound         C. injury            D. damage
7. Effective measures should be taken to _____ factories from going bankrupt.
A. avoid           B. order         C. prevent           D. warn
8. I haven't got anything to do, so I         go with you.
A. must              B. may as well C. have to              D. may
9. Who is going to _____ the telephone ?
A. reply             B. respond         C. answer           D. pick
10. Anne _____ the news to everybody.
A. told              B. said           C. advised           D. spoke
11. I don‟t mind how hot it is, but I can‟t _____ the cold.
A. stand            B. fight           C. keep              D. beat
12.Be quiet！It‟s rude to _____ people when they are speaking.
A. interfere         B. interrupt      C. investigate       D. involve
13. Experts advise that more attention be given to _____ of wild life.
A. convention        B. conversation C. conservation D. contradiction
14. The car was repaired but not quite to the owner‟s _____.
A. job               B. pleasure         C. satisfaction     D. attraction
15. His office is on the third _____ of the building.
A. floor            B. flat              C. ground           D. level


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16. It was a minor illness, and she soon _____ it.
A. got over            B. got on with       C. got around     D. got out of
17. Jack is the _____ holder of the world 5000-meter race world record, but there is no
   guarantee that he will win the first place in the coming Olympic Games.
A. dominant            B. prominent         C. good            D. current
18. We must _____ a solid foundation for the development of our heavy industry.
A. lie                 B. lay              C. put             D. raise
19. They have asked us to _____ in the negotiations.
A. involve             B. be mixed          C. participant     D. take place
20. You can never _____ that fellow for help at a critical moment.
A. rely for            B. depend at         C. count on        D. trust on
21. I heard that he _______ great progress in his research since we last parted.
A. had made            B. made              C. has made        D. makes
22. He‟d rather die than _______ to his enemy.
A. surrenders         B. surrendering      C. surrender       D. surrendered
23.”May I speak to John?”        “Sorry. He ______ to the store.”
A. has gone           B. was going         C. goes             D. has been
24. He decided _______ her a call soon after he got into town.
A. give               B. giving             C. to give         D. will give
25. Why do you want a new job ______ you've got a good one already?
A. that               B. where             C. which       D. when
26. I was watching TV while my son _______ computer games.
A. playing            B. was playing       C. played           D. had plated
27. I ______ him an e-mail as I wanted to know when he ______ to visit us.
A. send; comes        B. sent; would come C. sent; came D. send; is coming
28. We started out early in order that we _______ there in time.
A. would get          B. ought get          C. should get      D. had to get
29. Was it until 1990s _______ the old man finally got a house of his own?
A. when               B. that               C. which           D. how
30._______ English well, you have to use the language as much as possible.
A. Learning           B. To learn           C. Learned          D. To be learning
31. It is necessary that the younger generation _______ more about the real world.
A. knew               B. know               C. knows            D. knowing
32. Sally has failed again. I think she ______ harder.
A. ought have studied                       B. ought to have studied
C. must have studied                        D. may have studied
33._______ by the doctor that the old man give up smoking.
A. It is requested B. It is hoped          C. It is wished      D. It is reported
34._______ from them sooner, I would have been able to take time off from work when
   they were here.
A. If I would hear B. Had I heard           C. Did I hear       D. If I heard
35. I ______ you some money, but I hadn't any on me then.
A. would have lent B. would lend           C. could have lent D. should lend



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练习二

1. They came here informed us _____ their decision.
A. on                 B. about            C. for               D. of
2. He asked us if we would _____ to share a room.
A. accept             B. agree           C. consider           D. admit
3. Last night‟s strong wind nearly took the roof _____.
A. away                B. out             C. down              D. off
4. Breakfast is _____ in the dining room from 8 to 9:30 a.m.
A. served             B. made            C. cooked             D. eaten
5. If we _____ the plan you suggest, we are more likely to be successful.
A. decide             B. elect            C. vote             D. adopt
6. The manager offered $3,000 _____ to anyone who could solve the problem of water
   pollution.
A. price              B. prize            C. award            D. reward
7. The man over there is an easy-_____ person.
A. walking             B. running         C. going             D. racing
8. If you can‟t fix the machine before 3 p.m., I‟ll _____ your job.
A. take down          B. take over        C. receive          D. resist
9. _____, what he said at the meeting is true except that a few figures he quoted are not
   very reliable.
A. In general         B. In particular    C. In respects      D. As a matter of fact
10. The prince _____ in love with the country girl at first sight.
A. dropped            B. fell              C. came            D. went
11. I telephoned the station to make _____ of the time of the train.
A. sure               B. real             C. true             D. right
12. We had a long meeting yesterday. It _____ four hours.
A. kept               B. spent            C. continued         D. lasted
13. I looked at the window for three minutes, and then the light_____.
A. went down         B. went out           C. went up         D. went back
14. It's hot today. The temperature          to 35℃.
A. has risen         B. has been risen     C. has been raised   D. has raised
15.            turn green in spring.
A. Leaf          B. Leafs                C. Leave         D. Leaves
16. The story was so touching that I could hardly _____ my tears.
A. hold on       B. hold to             C. hold up       D. hold back
17. When the teacher _____ the room, all the pupils stood up.
A. came           B. appeared           C. arrived        D. entered
18. We must take _____ to help the poor.
A. matter         B. measures           C. paces         D. acts
19. When you take all the circumstances into _____, you may come to the conclusion he
   has not done badly.
A. view           B. account             C. question      D. point
20. Mr. Brown has a strong _____ of duty.


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A. sense            B. emotion           C. feeling          D. thought
21.When she was little, she _______ a few dialects (方言), but now she________ most of
   them.
A. spoke; has forgotten                  B. spoke; forgot
C. had spoken; forgot                    D. speaks; has forgotten
22. How much _________ the meat ________?
A. is; weighing     B. does; weigh       C. has; weighed      D. was; weighing
23. As citizens of China, we _______ do our best for the 2008 Olympics.
A. would            B. might             C. should            D. could
24. Why do you worry so much ______ your health? I think you are all right.
A. for              B. about             C. at                D. on
25. About               of the workers in that steelworks are young people.
A. third fifths        B. three fives           C. three fifths       D. three fifth
26. Is the Changjiang River              river in the world?
A. the third longest                            B. the third longer
C. the three longest                    D. the three longer
27. I bought _______ DVD of that popular movie from _______ big store.
A. a; the          B. the; a            C. a; a             D. the; the
28.               wants the book may have it.
A. Anyone           B. Someone            C. Those            D. Whoever
29. Marry _______ for her notebook everywhere. Have you seen it?
A. had looked      B. was looking         C. has looked      D. has been looking
30. I spoke loudly _______ everyone in the hall hear my words.
A. letting          B. let                C. to be letting    D. to let
31. Our English teacher demanded that we _______ to English broadcast every day.
A. listening        B. would listen        C. listen          D. could listen
32. We were angry to hear the news _______ some children were kept as slaves in small
   coal mines.
A. that             B. which              C. what             D. where
33. Don't you think it any good _______ in public places?
A. to forbid smoking                       B. forbidding smoking
C. to forbid to smoke                     D. forbidding to smoke
34. Charles insisted that we _______ everything we could to make sure of Lucy's
   happiness.
A. does             B. do                 C. did              D. must do
35. _______ a teacher, one must be a pupil first.
A. Being           B. Having been         C. To be            D. To have been

练习三

1. I would gladly lend you the money, but I really ______.
A. have it          B. didn‟t have it     C. shouldn‟t have it D. don‟t have it
2. The ______ from the forest fire could be seen ten miles away.
A. smell             B. spark              C. steam            D. smoke


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3. To some _______, Mary still does not understand that workplace completely. But she
   herself does want to admit that.
A. idea             B. part            C. extent          D. content
4. This mountain has many high ______ and deep valleys.
A. peaks            B. hills           C. places          D. rocks
5. A modern radio telescope was set ______ on the top of that mountain.
A. in               B. up              C. off             D. down
6. As it ______, the elderly lady she quarreled with was none other than her future
   mother-in-law.
A. turned out      B. turned down       C. turned up      D. turned on
7.        do you write to your brother?
A. How soon        B. How often        C. How long         D. How fast
8. The bus had to ______ because the traffic light had turned red.
A. shut up         B. set up           C. pull up           D. catch up
9. A meeting of the society will be ______ at six o'clock on Tuesday evening.
A. placed           B. taken           C. made              D. held
10. The professor                  last week will give us a report this Saturday afternoon.
A. returning       B. returned       C. who returned               D. having returned
11. He felt ______ of what he had done in school.
A. shy              B. suitable      C. advisable                 D. ashamed
12. Let's talk all this over again              we make a final decision.
A. after         B. before          C. while          D. when
13. ______ does Mr. Robinson go to New York on business?
A. How short     B. How often       C. How long       D. How usual
14. I wish I           you yesterday.
A. seen                B. did you            C. had seen           D. were to see
15.            is not very easy.
A. Work out the problem                      B. To ask him to come
C. Send it to America                        D. To be become a teacher
16. Whether he comes or not                   matter too much.
A. doesn't             B. don't              C. didn't             D. haven't
17. My name is Robert,                    most of my friends call me Bob for short.
A. then             B. instead         C. moreover          D. but
18._______ what has been said, it is unlikely that population growth rate will slow down,
   either in developed or in developing countries.
A. For the sake of                     B. On behalf o
C. With the exception of                D. In view of
19. We must take ______ to help the poor.
A. matter           B. measures       C. paces              D. acts
20. She leaned ______ the wall while she was speaking to her friend.
A. to               B. towards         C. against           D. for
21._______ Mount Tai is nice. But ______ Yellow Mountain is more beautiful.
A. /; the           B. /; /            C. a; th              D. the; the

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22. The bridge _______ after that severe flood.
A. is built       B. had been built         C. was built          D. will be built
23.            himself an ideal job.
A. Nowhere he could find                       B. Nowhere could he find
C. He could nowhere find                    D. He could find nowhere
24. Over two _______ died during the heat wave that summer.
A. thousand old people                     B. thousands old people
C. thousand old peoples                    D. thousands old peoples
25. In ______ recent years, Niagara Falls have come to be appreciated more for their
   natural beauty as _______ wonder of nature.
A. the; a           B. the; the            C. /; the           D. /; a
26. The old couple live _______, but they don‟t feel _______.
A. alone; lone      B. lonely; lonely      C. lonely; alone    D. alone; lonely
27. Where will you               when you arrive there?
A. visit              B. expect               C. inhabit        D. stay
28. The cruel slave owner made the slaves _______ long hours without food and rest.
A. work               B. working              C. to work        D. worked
29. The police _______ looking carefully in the woods to find the missing child.
A. is                 B. are                  C. was             D. being
30. It is reported that the new model of the car _______ produced soon.
A. is being           B. will be              C. has been       D. was
31. Look, the moon is appearing _______ the clouds!
A. from behind       B. from                  C. out of         D. away from
32. In the dark street, there wasn‟t a single person _______ she could turn for help.
A. that              B. who                  C. from whom        D. to whom
33. She as well as you _______ very lucky to get the ticket to see the play.
A. are                B. am                  C. were             D. is
34. She always tells the truth. The manager             in her.
A. considers         B. thinks                C. believes         D. trusts
35. We are            to learn that he lost the game.
A. pleasant          B. confused              C. surprised        D. expected

练习四

1. We took ______ of the fine weather and spent the dawn on the beach.
A. advantage     B. opportunity           C. chance          D, use
2. If you         five to eight, you get thirteen.
A. give              B. put                   C. improve          D. add
3. The task has been completed; we             to leave tomorrow morning.
A. invent          B. try                  C. intend       D. invite
4. Because the company was doing more business, it was necessary to ______ the
   factory.
A. extend         B. increase             C. rise          D. grow
5. How long does it ______ to travel from Leeds to London?

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A. want             B. spend               C. make               D. take
6. Things are going from bad to ______.
A. terrible         B. bad                C. better              D. worse
7. The glass fell and was broken into ______.
A. bit              B. items               C. articles           D. pieces
8. My only purpose was to get shelter ______ the snow, to get myself covered and warm.
A. to                B. off                C. from               D. over
9. Owing to the storm, the flight was ______ for one and a half hours.
A. stopped          B. given               C. delayed            D. cancelled
10.I want to learn more about the American political system, but I don‟t know where to get
   the ______.
A. situation        B. conversation        C. information       D. explanation
11. The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also ______ a
   large number of social customs.
A. share             B. join               C. take               D. make
12. He would win the race if he ______ his brother‟s example and trained harder.
A. repeated         B. followed            C. answered           D. took
13. ______ there is no opposition, we shall hold the symposium here.
A. While            B. Ever since         C. Provided that       D. As soon as
14. He said the government would do its best to ______ the problem of unemployment.
A. answer           B. decide             C. solve               D. open
15. Water, when boiled, always ______ steam.
A. gives in        B. gives off           C. gives up           D. gives away
16. How can we finish the work in the ______ of any other helpers?
A. opinion         B. view                C. presence           D. absence
17. Two of the boys            while playing football.
A. hurt          B. were hurting          C. got hurt         D. had been hurt
18. The ______ of the sugar is of course to sweeten the medicine.
A. reason       B. need                   C. cause           D. purpose
19. We should try our best to make             possible.
A. mistakes as few as                        B. as fewer mistakes as
C. as less mistakes as                       D. as few mistakes as
20. “Would you like some wine?”“Yes. Just                  .”
A. little         B. very little             C. a little        D. little bit
21. You had a good time yesterday,              ?
A. had you        B. hadn't you              C. did you         D. didn't you
22.          it is done on purpose is beyond doubt.
A. What              B. Who                  C. That              D. Whoever
23. I‟d love to join you _______ I have to drive my son to his football game.
A. though           B. therefore             C. but               D. while
24. It is not easy _______ a language but he can speak a few of the foreign languages.
A. learning              B. to learn           C. learned           D. learn
25. Because the man's gift was too expensive, the girl           to accept it.


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A. rejected               B. denied              C. refused            D. unwilling
26. We must not             to know when we do not know.
A. intend                 B. prevent             C. prepare            D. pretend
27. He asked me to do the work. I am afraid,               , that I am not able to do it.
A .whatever               B. nevertheless        C. however            D. wherever
28. I knew his wife was very            with him about his drinking.
A. rude                 B. strike             C. impolite         D. strict
29. It is necessary that she _______ spoken English now and then.
A. might practice       B. practices          C. practice         D. would practice
30.” _______ you like to join us for a chat?” “ I _______ love to but I‟m very busy now.”
A. Would; would          B. Will; would       C. Do; will          D. Could; should
31. I shall speak in simple words that there may be no                   .
A. misunderstanding B. mistake              C. fault           D. error
32. What is the reason for _______ on time?
A. not your coming     B. you not come      C. your not coming D. you not to come
33. I need one more stamp before my collection ________.
A. is completed                             B. completed
C. has been completed                       D. has completed
34. After his mother bought him an ice cream, the little boy became a little                .
A. happiest               B. happily             C. more happily       D. happier
35. In fact the man did not understand the three questions                        were asked in
  French.
A. where                  B. who                 C. in which           D. which


Reading Comprehension
                                                  1

    When Mrs. Joseph Groeger died recently in Vienna, Austria, people asked the
question, “Why did she live to be 107?” Answers were provided by a survey conducted
among 148 Viennese men and women who had reached the age of 100. Somewhat
surprising was the fact that the majority had lived most of their lives in cities. In spite of the
city‟s image as an unhealthy place, city living often provides benefits that country living
can lack. One factor seems to be important to the longevity of those interviewed.
     This factor is exercise. In the cities it is often faster to walk short distances than to
wait for a bus. Even taking public transportation often requires some walking. Smaller
apartment houses have no elevators, and so people must climb stairs. City people can
usually walk to local supermarkets. Since parking spaces are hard to find, there is often no
alternative to walking.
     On the other hand, those who live in the country and suburbs do not have to walk
every day. In fact, the opposite is often true. To go to school, work, or almost anywhere

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else, they must ride in cars.


1. The Vienna survey may help to explain                 .
A. the complaints of people in apartment houses
B. the cause of Mrs. Groeger‟s death
C. the longevity of people like Mrs. Groeger
D. the image of cities in general
2. The purpose of the second paragraph is to list some              .
A. benefits of walking                         B. occasions for walking in city life
C. comments made by city people                D. problems of city living
3. To reach the third floor of a building, it would probably be most healthful         .
A. to take the elevator                        B. to walk up the stairs
C. to ride in a car                            D. to find an alternative to walking
4. People who live in the country probably do more driving than walking
  because                 .
A. they don‟t live near business areas         B. they don‟t need the exercise
C. they never have parking problems            D. they can‟t afford to take the bus
5. A conclusion that can be drawn from this passage is that                 .
A. air pollution is not serious                B. anyone can live to be 107
C. country people should move to the city      D. walking is healthful exercise
                                               2

     If we were asked exactly what we were doing a year ago, we should probably have
to say that we could not remember. But if we had kept a book and had written in it an
account of what we did each day, we should be able to give an answer to the question.
     It is the same in history. Many things have been forgotten because we do not have
any written account of them. Sometimes men did keep a record of the most important
happenings in their country, but often it was destroyed by fire or in a war. Sometimes there
was never any written record at all because the people of that time and place did not know
how to write. For example, we know a good deal about the people who lived in China
4,000 years ago, because they could write and leave written records for those who lived
after them. But we know almost nothing about the people who lived even 200 years ago in
central Africa, because they had not learned to write.
     Sometimes, of course, even if the people cannot write, they may know something of
the past. They have heard about it from older people, and often songs and dances and
stories have been made about the most important happenings, and these have been sung
and acted and told for many generations. For most people are proud to tell what their

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fathers did in the past. This we may call „remembered history‟. Some of it has now been
written down. It is not so exact or so valuable to us as written history is, because words
are much more easily changed when used again and again in speech than when copied in
writing. But where there are no written records, such spoken stories are often very helpful.


1. Which of the following ideas is Not suggested in the passage?
A. “Remembered history”, compared with written history, is less reliable.
B. Written records of the past play the most important role in our learning of the human
  history.
C. A written account of our daily activities helps us to be able to answer many questions.
D. Where there are no written records, there is no history.
2. We know very little about the central Africa 200 years ago because             .
A. there was nothing worth being written down at that time
B. the people there ignored the importance of keeping a record
C. the written records were perhaps destroyed by a fire
D. the people there did not know how to write
3. “Remembered history” refers to                   .
A. history based on a person‟s imagination
B. stories of important happenings passed down from mouth to mouth
C. songs and danced about the most important events
D. both B and C
4. “Remembered history” is regarded as valuable only when                     .
A. it is written down                        B. no written account is available
C. it proves to be true                      D. people are interested in it
5. The passage suggests that we could have learned much more about our past than we
   do now if the ancient people had                     .
A. kept a written record of every past event
B. not burnt their written records in wars
C. told exact stories of the most important happenings
D. made more songs and dances

                                                3

     For any Englishman, there can never be any discussion as to who is the world‟s
greatest dramatist. Only one name can possibly suggest itself to him: that of William
Shakespeare. Every Englishman has some knowledge, however slight, of the work of our
greatest writer. All of us use words, phrases and quotations from Shakespeare‟s writings
that have become part of the common property of the English-speaking people. Most of

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the time we are probably unaware of the source of the words we used, rather like the old
lady who was taken to see a performance of Hamlet and complained that it was full of
well- known proverbs and quotations.
     Shakespeare, more perhaps than any other writer, makes full use of the great
resources of the English language. Most of us use about five thousand words in our
normal use of English; Shakespeare in his works used about twenty-five thousand.
     There is probably no better way for a foreigner to appreciate the richness and variety
of the English language than by studying the various ways in which Shakespeare used it.
Such a study is well worth the effort (it is not, of course, recommended to beginners) even
though some aspects of English usage, and the meaning of many words, have changed
since Shakespeare‟s day.


1. English people             .
A. have never discussed who is the world‟s greatest dramatist
B. never discuss any issue concerning the world‟s greatest dramatist
C. are sure who is the world‟s greatest dramatist
D. do not care who is the world‟s greatest dramatist
2. Every Englishman knows                 .
A. more or less about Shakespeare       B. Shakespeare, but only slightly
C. all Shakespeare‟s writings            D. only the name of the greatest English writer
3. Which of the following is true?
A. We use all the words, phrases and quotations from Shakespeare‟s writings.
B. Shakespeare‟s writings have become the property of those who are learning to speak
  English.
C. It is likely to be true that people often do not know the origins of the words they use.
D. All the words people use are taken from the writings of Shakespeare.
4. What does the word “proverb ” mean?
A. Familiar sayings.                      B. Shakespeare‟s plays.
C. Complaints.                            D. Actors and actresses.
5. Why is it worthwhile to study the various ways in which Shakespeare used English?
A. English words have changed a lot since Shakespeare‟s time
B. By doing so one can be fully aware of the richness of the English language.
C. English words are now being used in the same way as in Shakespeare‟s time
D. Beginners may have difficulty learning some aspects of English usage.
                                              4

To the Editor:


                                      第 11 页 共 51 页
      I have been reading your newspaper, the Hometown Gazette, for the past two years,
ever since I moved to Smithville. We moved here from New York City, so I am
accustomed to reading excellent newspapers such as The New York Times. In fact, we
still have the Times delivered on Sundays. The entire family enjoys reading the recipes in
the magazine, as well as the Styles section.
      The Times is great, but the Gazette is another story. I've never read an article that
doesn't contain at least three or four spelling or grammatical errors. For instance, in last
week's issue, you misspelled the word "secretary," used a singular verb with a plural noun,
and used "it's" as a possessive. And that was just in the leading story! In case you never
went to elementary school, "it's" means "it is." It's not a possessive adjective!
      It's a pity that this tiny little hick town has only one newspaper, because I'd like to
have an alternative to the rag you publish. I find it hard to believe your news stories. If you
can't spell correctly, how can you get your facts right?
      I've been meaning to get this off my chest for some time. Please cancel my
subscription. And buy yourself a dictionary.
                                                                           Sincerely,
                                                                         Jane Z. Jones

1. Which phrase from the passage shows the writer's bias（偏见）?
A. Get this off my chest.         B. Three or four spelling or grammatical errors.
C. Tiny little hick town.         D. Reading the recipes in the magazine.
2. The author's tone in this passage can best be described as________.
A. angry             B. sympathetic           C. happy            D. objective
3. Which statement from the passage is a fact?
A. We still have the Times delivered on Sundays.
B. The Times is great, but the Gazette is another story.
C. It's a pity this town has only one newspaper.
D. I am accustomed to reading excellent newspapers.
4. Which statement is an example of an invalid argument?
A. I have been reading your newspaper, the Hometown Gazette, for the past two
years, ever since I moved to Smithville.
B. In fact, we still have the Times delivered on Sundays.
C. I've never read an article that doesn't contain at least three or four spelling or
grammatical errors.
D. If you can't spell correctly, how can you get your facts right?
5. Which of the following statements in the passage is unrelated to the writer's argument?
A. We moved here from New York City, so I am accustomed to reading excellent
newspapers.
B. The entire family enjoys reading the recipes in the magazine, as well as the Styles
section.
C. In case you never went to elementary school, "it's" means "it is." It's not a possessive
adjective!
D. Please cancel my subscription. And buy yourself a dictionary.


                                      第 12 页 共 51 页
                                                5

    Thomas Alva Edison lit up the world with his invention of the electric light. Without him,
the world might still be a dark place. However, the electric light was not his only invention.
He also invented the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and over 1,200 other things.
About every two weeks he created something new.
     Thomas A. Edison was born in Milan, Ohio, on February 11, 1847. His family moved
to Port Huron, Michigan, when he was seven years old. Surprisingly, he attended school
for only two months. His mother, a former teacher, taught him a few things, but Thomas
was mostly self-educated. His natural curiosity led him to start experimenting at a young
age with electrical and mechanical things at home.
     When he was 12 years old, he got his first job. He became a newsboy on a train that
ran between Port Huron and Detroit. He set up a laboratory in a baggage car of the train
so that he could continue his experiments in his spare time. Unfortunately, his first work
experience did not end well. Thomas was fired when he accidentally set fire to the floor of
the baggage car.
     Thomas then worked for five years as a telegraph operator, but he continued to
spend much of his time on the job conducting experiments. He got his first patent in 1868
for a vote recorder run by electricity. However, the vote recorder was not a success. In
1870, he sold another invention, a stock-ticker, for $40,000. A stock-ticker is a machine
that automatically prints stock prices on a tape. He was then able to build his first shop in
Newark, New Jersey.
     Thomas Edison was totally deaf in one ear and hard of hearing in the other, but
thought of his deafness as a blessing in many ways. It kept conversations short, so that he
could have more time for work. He called himself a "two-shift man" because he worked 16
out of every 24 hours. Sometimes he worked so intensely that his wife had to remind him
to sleep and eat.
    Thomas Edison died at the age of 84 on October 18, 1931, at his estate in West
Orange, New Jersey. He left numerous inventions that improved the quality of life all over
the world.
1. Thomas Edison did things in this order:
A. he became a telegraph operator, a newsboy, and then got his first patent
B. he became a newsboy, got his first patent, and then became a telegraph operator
C. he got a patent, became a telegraph operator, and then became a newsboy
D. he became a newsboy, a telegraph operator, and then got a patent
2. Edison considered his deafness________.
A. a disadvantage       B. a blessing C. something from a priest D. a necessity
3. Of all the inventions, __________ was probably the most important for civilization.
A. the vote recorder                   B. the stock ticker
C. the light bulb                       D. the motion picture camera
4. The main idea of this passage is that _______.
A. Thomas Edison was always interested in science and inventions, and he invented
many important things

                                      第 13 页 共 51 页
B. Thomas Edison could not keep a job
C. Thomas Edison worked day and night on his experiments
D. deaf people make good inventors because they can focus without the distraction of
spoken conversation
5. Thomas Edison died in ______.
A. Ohio             B. Michigan       C. Detroit               D. New Jersey

                                            6

     Christine Evert Lloyd is an American tennis champion and one of the top women
players in the world. She is noted for her strong backhand and her intense concentration
during a match.
     Christine Marie Evert was born in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. She learned to play tennis
from her father. Because she learned to play on the slow clay tennis courts which are
common in southern Florida, Evert is at her best on slow courts.
     In 1971, at the age of sixteen, Evert became the youngest player to reach the
semifinals of the United States Open Tennis Championship. This was her first time to
participate in the U. S. Open. In 1972, she turned professional and was able to accept
money and other prizes for winning matches.
     In 1974, she won the women's singles title in two major tournaments. These titles
were at Wimbledon, the British Championship, and the French Open, which is played on
clay. Later she won the U. S. and Australian Opens, the two other major tennis
Championships.
     Evert set an impressive record of wins on clay courts. From August 1973 to May 1979,
a period of almost six years, Evert beat 125 opponents. Her unbelievable record will be
remembered for a very long time in the sports world.
     In 1979, Evert married English tennis player John Lloyd.

1. Wimbledon is the site of____.
A. the U. S. Open                    B. the British Championship
C. the French Open                   D. both B and C
2. A tennis competition between two people is called a tennis ____.
A. game          B. champion             C. open              D. match
3. At her first U. S. Open, Evert was a ____.
A. finalist      B. semifinalist         C. winner             D. champion
4. How many major tennis championships are there mentioned in the passage?
A. Four.         B. Three.              C. Two.                D. One.
5. The underlined word slow probably means ______.
A. the tennis balls travel slowly
B. the player may hit the ball slowly
C. the tennis balls do not travel as fast after they hit the ground
D. the competition is slow

                                            7

   Language is a way to communicate with each other. We started to learn language
when we were born. However, people are used to speaking their native language, so

                                    第 14 页 共 51 页
immigrants are having many problems between the first generation and the second
generation because they don't have the same native language. Also, the second
generation is losing their identity. Especially in America, there are many immigrants that
came from different countries to succeed in the States. Because they suffer in lots of areas
such as getting a job and trying to speak English, they want their children to speak English,
not only at school, but also at home in order to be more successful. Because of this
situation, their children are losing their ethnic identity and, even more, they are ignoring
their parents whose English is not very good.
     For example, my aunt, who has been living in Chicago for fifteen years, has three
children and they were all born in the States. The eighteen year old daughter speaks
English as a native language and she speaks Korean very well too. She has no problems
talking with her parents, but she still doesn't understand Korean jokes, and there are
sometimes misunderstandings. The second daughter is fourteen years old, and she
doesn't want to speak Korean. My aunt often gets upset with her because she is very
Americanized and they cannot understand each other. Even when my aunt punishes her,
this daughter does not understand what my aunt is talking about. I felt sympathy for my
aunt whenever my fourteen year old cousin said, "Mom, what is your problem?" The third
child is a twelve year old son. He speaks English to his parents and my aunt speaks
Korean to him as she does to the second daughter. He also has a problem communicating
with his parents. My aunt is trying to teach him to speak both languages very well, but it is
very hard for him because he speaks English all day and does not understand why he
should learn to speak Korean.

1.What do you think this article will be about?
A. Learning a second language.
B. Immigrants who become sick in the U.S
C. Language and its effect on the identity of immigrants.
D. Schools attended by immigrants to the U.S.
2. Which of these statements is NOT true according to the first paragraph of the article?
A. Second generation immigrants are usually eager to learn their parents' native
    language.
B. It is often hard for first and second generation family members to communicate with
    each other.
C. Because second generation immigrant children often speak only English, they may
    lose their ethnic identity.
D. Sometimes second generation immigrant children ignore their parents because of
    language differences.
3. Which of the following is NOT true about the 18 year old daughter?
A. She was born in the U.S.
B. She speaks only English very well; her Korean is poor.
C. She gets along better with her parents than her brother and other sister do.
D. She doesn't understand Korean jokes well.
4. Which is NOT a reason that the 14 year old sister has problems with her mother?
A. She doesn't want to speak Korean.


                                     第 15 页 共 51 页
B. She doesn't love her mother.
C. She is very Americanized.
D. She does not understand her mother when she gets punished.
5. To whom does the mother speak Korean?
A. Her oldest daughter only.        B. All of her children.
C. Her two daughters only.          D. Only to her son.

                                             8

Dear Assemblywoman（女议员） Weiner:

     I think the state assembly should pass a law prohibiting people from letting their cats
run free. As a member of the assembly, you can introduce any bill you wish. There are
three important reasons why you should propose this one:
     1. When cats run free, they lurk（潜伏） under bird feeders and kill defenseless
songbirds. Every time I put up a bird feeder, I find at least one dead bird in my yard. I'm
sure all those birds were killed by cats. And cats don't even eat the birds they kill.
Songbirds belong in our parks and gardens, but cats don't. Dogs never kill poor little birds.
     2. Cats are always using my garden as a litter box. This is not only disgusting but also
highly unsanitary. Children can't play in the garden when cats have been there. Dogs are
usually kept on leashes, so they can't soil private property. Cats spread diseases when
they use a garden as a litter box, so I think this should be stopped.
     3. Finally, letting cats run free is not even good for the cats. Sure, most cats want to
go outside. Their owners like to give them everything they want, just like spoiled children.
But cats that stay indoors live much longer than cats that run free. Cats are always getting
hit by cars when they're allowed to run free.
     I'm sure that if you think about all the things I've said, you will work to pass a law
prohibiting cats from running free. This will improve our environment, make our parks and
gardens cleaner, and even help the cats themselves by making them live longer.
     Thank you for your attention to my request. And did I mention that I really love dogs? I
don't know why anyone would want a cat in the first place.

                                                                       Sincerely,
                                                                       Eve Harringford
1.The writer's purpose in writing this letter is to ______.
A. persuade the assemblywoman                B. inform the assemblywoman of something
C. entertain the readers                    D. tell a story
2. Which sentence in paragraph 1 of the list is an invalid argument?
A. When cats run free, they lurk under bird feeders and kill defenseless songbirds.
B. And cats don't even eat the birds they kill.
C. I'm sure all those birds were killed by cats.
D. Songbirds belong in our parks and gardens, but cats don't.
3. Which statement from the passage is a fact?
A. The state assembly should pass a law prohibiting people from letting their cats run
free.


                                     第 16 页 共 51 页
B. As a member of the assembly, you can introduce any bill you wish.
C. Songbirds belong in our parks and gardens, but cats don't.
D. Their owners like to give them everything they want, just like spoiled children.
4. The author's tone in this letter can best be described as _______.
A. objective       B. explanatory             C. sympathetic         D. annoyed
5. The underlined word “litter box “ probably means _____.
A. a little box                               B. a box in garden
C. a box collecting pet‟s dirt                D. a box for pets

                                             9

     Books which give instructions on how to do things are very popular in the United
States today. Thousands of books like this begin with titles that start with the words "how
to". Many of "how to" books give advice on careers. They tell you how to choose a career
and how to succeed in it. If you fail, however, you can buy a book called How to Turn
Failure into Success. If you would like to become very rich, you can buy the book How to
Make a Million. If you never make any money at all, you need a book called How to Live
on Nothing.
     One of the most popular types of books is one that helps you with personal problems.
If you are unhappy with your life, you can read How to love Every Minute of Your Life. If
you are tired of books on happiness, you may prefer a book called How to Make Yourself
Sad. Many of these books help people use their free time better. Some people want books
which will give them useful information about sports, hobbies and travel. Other people use
their free time to make repairs and improvements on their homes. They like books which
give step-by-step instructions on how to repair things like electrical wiring, or how to
redecorate or enlarge a house.
     Why have "how to" books become so popular? Probably because life has become so
popular or probably because life has become so complex. Today people have far more
free time to use, more choices to make, and more problems to solve. "How to" books help
people deal with modern life.

1. When one wants to change his job from one type to another, he probably needs to
   read_______.
A. How to Succeed at a Job
B. How to Turn Failure into Success
C. How to Choose a Career
D. How to Be a Successful Worker
2. When one is unhappy with his life, he probably needs to read ______.
A. How to Succeed at a Job
B. How to Turn Failure into Success
C. How to Choose a Career
D. How to Love Every Minute of Your Life
3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage?
A. How to Drive a Car
B. How to Repair Electrical Wiring


                                     第 17 页 共 51 页
C. How to Make Your House Larger
D. How to Make Your Room Look More Beautiful
4. Why have "how to" books become so popular?
A. Probably because life has become so difficult.
B. Probably because people haven't much free time to use.
C. Probably because people have more money on books.
D. Probably because people want to deal with all sorts of problems well.
5. This passage makes you think that ______.
A. many "how to" books are of value and help
B. it's a waste of time to read "how to" books
C. there's no need to publish so many "how to" books
D. people seem to be tired of reading "how to" books

                                              10

      The water level of oceans rises and falls alternately twice a day. This movement of
water is called tide. Tides are caused by the pull of the sun and the moon on the earth's
surface; since the moon is closer, it affects the tides more than the sun. When the moon is
directly overhead, it actually pulls on the water that is below it. This causes the water level
to rise because the water is pulled away from the earth. As the moon disappears over the
horizon, the pull lessens and the water level settles back towards the ocean bottom.
      When the water reaches its highest level, we have high tide. And when the water
comes to its lowest level, we have low tide. From its lowest point, the water rises gradually
for about six hours until it reaches high tide. Then it begins to fall continuously for about
six hours until it reaches low tide. Then the cycle begins again.

1. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?
A. The Moon and Oceans                       B. The Moon and the Tide
C. Water Levels                              D. The Pull of the Moon and the Sun
2. The pull of the moon on the earth's surface is stronger than that of the sun because
   ______.
A. the moon is directly over the earth
B. the moon pulls the water away from the earth
C. the moon is closer to the earth
D. the moon moves around the earth
3. Water level reaches its low point when _______.
A. the moon is hidden by clouds              B. the moon's effect is indirect
C. the moon moves far away                   D. the sun is overhead
4. High tide occurs _______.
A. every 12 hours        B. every 6 hours C. every 24 hours D. every 18 hours
5. According to the passage, which of the following is true?
A. Weather sometimes affects tides.
B. The force directly affecting the earth's surface comes from the moon only.
C. The effect of the sun on the ocean water can be neglected.
D. Tides are the result of the pull of the moon and the sun.


                                      第 18 页 共 51 页
                                            11

      February 14th is Valentine‟s Day. Valentine‟s Day is a day for romance and love.
Valentine‟s Day is celebrated in many countries around the world, including Japan, the
United States, and the United Kingdom.
      You see a lot of romantic symbols on Valentine‟s Day. For example, many couples
give each other roses. To give someone flowers at any time of year is romantic, and as
roses are a symbol of romance, roses on Valentine‟s Day are especially popular.
      Another symbol of romance that is seen frequently on Valentine‟s Day is Cupid（丘比
特）. In Roman mythology, Cupid was the son of Venus, the goddess of love. Cupid was
often shown as a smaller, more playful version of his mother. His golden arrows were
magical and even slight contact with one of the arrow tips could make a person fall madly
in love.
      One understanding of romantic love --- called courtly love --- dates back to medieval
times, and sending cards on Valentine‟s Day dates back equally far. In 1415, a prisoner in
the Tower of London sent a poem to his wife. This is considered to be one of the earliest
recorded valentines. For over four hundred years, people made their own valentines by
writing poems like this.
      In the Victorian era, in the mid-1800s, companies started producing valentines for
people to buy. Now many people buy, rather than make, their valentines. Almost one
billion valentines are sent every year. According to the Greeting Card Association, 85% of
the valentines are bought by women.
      Of course, people don‟t just buy cards. People buy candles and balloons and many
other things, often in the shape of a heart. You can find boxes of candy that are shaped
like hearts, or candy that is itself in the shape of a heart!
      The presents might be something small and sweet or something big and dramatic.
Some people get engaged (promise to marry each other) on Valentine‟s Day. Although
Valentine‟s Day is generally romantic, many people like to use the day to celebrate any
kind of love --- including love of friends and family.
      Some schools have valentine parties. The students give each other valentines. They
eat heart-shaped candy. Some schools have other valentine celebrations, such as
dances.

1. Valentine‟s Day is a _______ day.
A. lonely and miserable                B. romantic and playful
C. Roman and Greek                     D. happy and grateful
2. Why is Cupid associated with Valentine‟s Day?
A. He is the son of the goddess of love.
B. He has arrows, which are romantic.
C. Valentine‟s Day was originally a Roman holiday.
D. Babies are cute and playful.
3. Some symbols of Valentine‟s Day are _______.
A. eggs, bacon, and roses              B. candy, roses, and liver
C. Cupid, roses, and hearts            D. bacon, eggs, and fruits
4. What do many people do on Valentine‟s Day?

                                     第 19 页 共 51 页
A. They have heart problems.           B. They eat their chocolates.
C. They look for eggs.                  D. They give presents and cards.
5. According to the article, where do we get the idea of courtly love?
A. It dates back to the Victorian Era.
B. It dates back to the Middle Ages.
C. This idea has always existed.
D. We get it from the Greeting Card Association.

                                             12

      Everybody may have seen the film "Death on the Nile", but nobody can imagine that
the writer of the story, Agatha Christie, saved a baby in a most unusual way.
      In June, 1997, a baby girl became seriously ill in Deleville. Doctors there were unable
to find out the cause of her illness, so she was sent to a famous hospital in London, where
there were many excellent doctors. The baby was so seriously ill that a team of doctors
hurried to examine her without any delay. The doctors, too, were puzzled by the baby's
illness, and they also became discouraged. Just then a nurse was asked to speak to
them.
      "I think the baby is suffering from thallium poisoning," said the nurse. "A few days ago,
I read a story ' A Pale Horse' written by Agatha Christie. Someone uses thallium poison,
and all the symptoms are written in the book. They are exactly the same as the baby's.”
      "You're very good at observing things," said a doctor, "and you may be right. We'll
carry out some tests and find out whether the cause is thallium poisoning or not."
      The tests proved that the baby had indeed been poisoned by thallium. Once they
knew the cause, the doctors were able to give her correct treatment. The baby soon got
well and was sent back to Deleville. A week later it was reported that the poison might
have come from an insecticide used in Deleville.

1. The baby was sent to a hospital in London because ______.
A. her parents were living in London then
B. the hospitals in Deleville were full at that time
C. she was the daughter of a famous doctor in London
D. doctors in Deleville were not sure about the cause of her illness
2. The one who first suggested the correct cause of the baby's illness was ______.
A. a doctor in Deleville                         B. a famous doctor
C. an ordinary nurse                             D. Agatha Christie
3. From this passage it seems that the baby's illness had something to do with______.
A. some poisonous food
B. a harmful substance to kill pests
C. a dangerous murderer
D. the water in Deleville
4. As far as we can tell from the story, Agatha Christie ______.
A. had never met this baby
B. had spent a long time studying the baby's illness
C. visited the baby both in Deleville and London


                                      第 20 页 共 51 页
D. gave the nurse some advice by telephone
5. Thallium might be _______.
A. a toy       B. a kind of food    C. a kind of drink        D. a chemical element

                                               13

     An elephant can carry a load of 1200 pounds. They eat 300 pounds of food a day. An
elephant baby can weigh 200 pounds at birth. Elephants can live up to 70 years.
Elephants can be trained to carry logs with their trunks, and have been used in the
forestry industry in Asia for many years. Elephants also use their trunks for drinking water,
bathing, and eating and communicating.
     Recently it was discovered that elephants can communicate over a distance of
several miles using infrasonic sounds inaudible to humans.
     Elephants use their ears as a cooling system. Blood flows through veins in the ears
and as the elephant flaps his ears, the blood cools and flows through his body to cool off
other parts.
     Elephant feet are large and round. They distribute the large animal's weight
effectively. In the past, elephants were killed and their feet were made into umbrella
stands and small tables for tourists. Now elephants are protected by special laws.
     There are two kinds of elephants: the African elephant and the Indian elephant.
African elephants can be identified by the larger ears. The African elephant grows up to 10
feet tall and weighs as much as 12,000 pounds. The Indian elephant grows up to 9 feet tall,
and weighs up to 8000 pounds. It's easier to identify because of its smaller ears. Most
circus elephants are Indian elephants. Another name for the Indian elephant is the Asian
elephant.
     Unfortunately, there is a growing conflict between elephants and humans as more of
the elephants' habitat is developed. Elephants can destroy the crops of an entire village in
a single night, and this also causes conflict. At the moment, there are about 600,000
elephants remaining in Africa.
     The greatest threat to elephants is the ivory trade. Most commercial ivory comes from
elephant's tusks. From 1979 to 1989 was a bad time for African elephants. About 70,000
wild elephants were killed for ivory each year. In 1989 an international treaty limited the
trade in ivory, decreasing the number of elephants killed, but elephants are still being
killed for ivory. Please don't ever buy anything made from ivory! Don't even buy anything
that looks like ivory!

1. How much does a baby elephant weigh at birth?
A. 70 pounds              B. 200 pounds
C. 300 pounds             D. 1200 pounds
2. Hunters made umbrella holders out of _______.
A. Elephants' trunks.      B. Elephants' tails.
C. Elephants' feet.        D. Elephants' teeth.
3. An Indian Elephant has _____ than the African Elephant.
A. a longer tail           B. a stronger trunk
C. smaller ears            D. bigger teeth


                                     第 21 页 共 51 页
4. What part of an elephant's body is used to cool the elephant?
A. the tail   B. the trunk C. the feet        D. the ears
5. What animal is the most dangerous to an elephant?
A. Human beings.            B. Snakes.        C. Lions.       D. Zebras.

                                             14

     .What a beautiful day!
     The sun is shining and everything looks bright. Stand in the sun. Can you feel the
heat of the sun? The sun that gives the heat is very far away. It is hard to believe that the
sun is about one hundred and fifty million kilometers away. If a plane flew day and night
without stopping, it would take nearly 18 years to get to the sun.
     The sun doesn't seem very big to us, but it's really very huge. One million balls as big
as our earth could fit inside the sun. The sun looks small because it is so far away.
     Our earth is cool enough to live on because the hot sun is so far away. If the sun were
much nearer, our earth would be too hot to live on. If there were no sun, the earth would
be so cold that nothing could live on it. Aren't we lucky to be just about the right distance
away from the sun?
     The earth circles the sun. It takes one year for the earth to go completely around the
sun. And at the same time it is going around the sun, the earth itself is spinning around.
The earth spins around once every 24 hours. In the morning the sun seems to rise in the
east. As the day goes on, the sun seems to travel across the sky. In the evening the sun
seems to set in the west and then it is night. Almost every part of the earth turns from day
to night during every 24 hours.
     The sun gives us light. It keeps us warm. It makes things grow. Plants, animals and
people need the sun. The sun makes our earth beautiful. We could not live without the
sun.

1. It's a beautiful day because _____.
A. everything looks bright
B. you stand in the sun
C. you feel the heat of the sun
D. the sun is shining
2. The sun is far away so _____.
A. it gives us the heat
B. it looks small though it is really very big
C. it is warm in the sun
D. it is hard to believe
3. Our earth is cool enough for us to live on because ____.
A. the sun is much nearer to the earth
B. there is no sun light on the earth
C. the earth is just about the right distance away from the sun
D. the sun is quite far away from the earth
4. We have days and nights because _____.
A. the earth circles the sun and it also spins at the same time


                                     第 22 页 共 51 页
B. the sun travels across the sky
C. the sun rises in the east and sets in the west
D. every part of the earth turns from day to night
5. It takes the earth _____ to go around the sun.
A. one year
B. twenty-four hours
C. a day and a night
D. eighteen years

                                             15

      The Great Fire of London started in the very early hours of 2 September 1666. In four
days it destroyed more than three-quarters of the old city, where most of the houses were
wooden and close together. One hundred thousand people became homeless, but only a
few lost their lives.
      The fire started on Sunday morning in the house of the king's baker in Pudding Lane.
The baker, with his wife and family, was able to get out through a window in the roof. A
strong wind blew the fire from the bakery into a small hotel next door. Then it spread
quickly into Thames. That was the beginning.
      By eight o'clock three hundred houses were on fire. On Monday nearly a kilometer of
the city was burning along the River Thames. Tuesday was the worst day. The fire
destroyed many well-known buildings, old St Paul's and the Guildhall among them.
      Samuel Pepys, the famous writer, wrote about the fire. People threw their things into
the river. Many poor people stayed in their houses until the last moment. Birds fell out of
the air because of the heat.
      The fire stopped only when the King finally ordered people to destroy hundreds of
buildings in the path of the fire. With nothing left to burn, the fire became weak and finally
died out.
      After the fire, Christopher Wren, the architect, wanted a city with wider streets and
fine new houses of stone. In fact, the streets are still narrow, but he did build more than
fifty churches, among them was the new St. Paul's.
      The fire caused great pain and loss, but after it London was a better place: a city for
the future and not just of the past.

1. The fire began in ____.
A. a hotel
B. the palace
C. Pudding Lane
D. Thames Street
2. It seems that the writer of the text was most sorry for the fact that ____.
A. some people lost their lives
B. the birds in the sky were killed by the fire
C. many famous buildings were destroyed
D. the King's bakery was burned down
3. Why did the writer mention Samuel Pepys?
A. Because Pepys was among those putting out the fire.

                                      第 23 页 共 51 页
B. Because Pepys talked about the fire.
C. To show that poor people suffered most.
D. To give the reader a clearer picture of the fire.
4. How was the fire put out according to the text?
A. The King and his soldiers came to help.
B. All the wooden houses in the city were destroyed.
C. People managed to get enough water from the river.
D. Houses standing in the direction of the fire were pulled down.
5. The best title for the passage is ______.
A. Fire in London
B. The Great Fire of London
C. How the Fire Started
D. London after the Fire

                                              16

     Robert was born in a small town in Britain. His father has a farm and can supply him
enough money to finish university where he's studying law. The young man studies hard
and hopes to be a famous lawyer.
     Last Monday his term was over. Robert said to his father on the telephone that he
was going to travel in a small country during his summer holiday. His father agreed to his
plan and posted some money to him. So he started four days ago. His plane landed on the
only airport of the country safely. He took a taxi and got to a hotel in the center of the
capital. He felt hungry and tired. So he had a dinner and then a good sleep. This morning
he was all right and was going to visit some places of interest. He met an English visitor
while he was having breakfast and the man told him to be careful of thieves.
     Robert thanked the man and left. But he thought he was smart and strong and
decided to have a try. He brought out a piece of paper and wrote on it. "A pig has stolen
my wallet!" Then he put the note into his empty wallet. After that he put the wallet into a
pocket and set off. He did all carefully and hoped to find out who would steal it.
     "Everything went well." Robert said to himself after he had returned to the hotel. He
brought out his wallet and put his money into it again. He had a look at the note. To his
surprise, it was rewritten. It said, "Your uncle has touched your wallet!"

1. Robert went to the small country to _____.
A. make fun of the thieves
B. catch some thieves
C. visit the places of interest
D. have a nice meal and a good sleep there
2. The English visitor thought _____.
A. there were a lot of thieves in the city
B. Robert could deal with the thieves
C. it was dangerous to travel in the city
D. Robert had to take good care of himself
3. Robert brought his money out of his wallet because ___.


                                     第 24 页 共 51 页
A. he had to pay for the meals and room
B. he had to find a place to put the note
C. he wanted to buy something for his parents
D. he was afraid to lose his wallet
4. Robert put the note in the wallet because _____.
A. he wasn't afraid of the thieves
B. he hoped to make fun of the thieves
C. he wanted to show he was smart
D. he wondered if the thieves could read
5. As soon as Robert returned to the hotel, he didn't think___.
A. there were some thieves in the city
B. the English visitor was right
C. the thieves could steal his wallet
D. the thieves were stronger than him


Cloze

                                             1

     When I was growing up, I was embarrassed (尴尬的) to be seen with my father. He
was severely disabled and very___1___, and when we would walk together, his hand on
my arm for___2___, people would stare. I would inwardly feel uncomfortable at the
unwanted___3___.If he ever noticed or was bothered, he never___4___that he knew.
     It was__5___to coordinate (cooperate ) our steps --- his hesitant, mine impatient ---
and because of that, we didn‟t___6___much as we went along. But as we started out, he
always said, "You set the___7___.I will try to follow you."
     Our usual walk was to or from the subway, which was__8___he got to work. He went
to work despite illness and nasty weather. He almost never missed a day and
would___9___it to the office even if others could not. A matter of___10___, he never
talked about himself as an object of pity, nor did he show any envy of the more fortunate
or___11___. What he looked for___12___others was a "good heart", and if he found one,
the___13___was good enough for him.
     Now that I am older, I believe that his idea is a proper___24___by which to judge
people, even though I___15___don‟t know exactly what a "good heart" is.___ 16___I
know the times I don‟t have one myself.
     He has been gone many years now, but I think of him often. I wonder if he___17___I
was unwilling to be seen with him during our___18___. Now that I am older, I‟m sorry that
I never told him how sorry I was for my feeling___19___to be with him in public and how
unworthy I felt to be his daughter. I think of him when I complain about trifles (something
unimportant ), when I am envious of another‟s good fortune, and when I don‟t possess a
"good heart".
     At such times I put my hand on his arm to___20___my balance, and say, "You set
the pace. I will try to follow you."

1.   A. strong             B．energetic            C．short           D．weak

                                     第 25 页 共 51 页
2.    A. balance           B．strength             C．comfort           D．courage
3.    A．care               B．attention            C．situation         D．friendship
4.    A．hoped              B．found                C．liked             D．showed
5.    A．easy               B．difficult            C．possible          D．necessary
6.    A．see                B．hear                 C．say               D．smell
7.    A．rule               B．time                 C．step              D．pace
8.    A．how                B．why                  C．when              D．where
9.    A．get                B．make                 C．take              D．walk
10.   A．joy                B．faith                C．belief            D．pride
11.   A．rich               B．successful           C．able              D．hardworking
12.   A．on                 B．in                   C．at                D．with
13.   A．owner              B．keeper               C．winner            D．other
14.   A．method             B．value                C．standard          D．level
15.   A．yet                B．also                 C．ever              D．still
16.   A．And                B．But                  C．Now               D．Then
17.   A．sensed             B．thought              C．agreed            D．recognized
18.   A．walks              B．talks                C．stays             D．visits
19.   A．afraid             B．proud                C．ashamed           D．disappointed
20.   A．find               B．keep                 C．refill            D．regain

                                              2
     Most people think of shark (鲨鱼) as huge, powerful, frightening predators (掠食动物),
ready at any moment _1_ their sharp teeth to attack swimmers. There is a lot of _2_ about
sharks.
     First, there are about 350 species of sharks, and _3_ of them are large. They range in
_4_ from the dwarf shark, which can be only six inches long and can be held in the hand,
_5_ the whale shark, which can be more than 5 feet long.
     The second _6_ of shark concerns its terrible teeth whose _7_ and type can vary
greatly among the _8_ species of shark. A shark can have from one to seven sets of teeth
at the same time, and some types of shark _9_ have several hundred teeth in each jaw. It
is _10_ that the cruel and predatory species do have extremely _11_ teeth used to tear
and cut their victim _12_, many other types of shark, however, have teeth more suitable to
_13_ than to cutting.
     _14_, not all sharks are predatory animals ready to strike out _15_ humans. In fact,
only 12 of the 350 species of shark _16_ to attack humans, and a shark _17_ attacks
humans unless is made angry. The types of shark that have the worst _18_ with humans
are the tiger shark, the bull shark, and the great white shark. _19_, for most species of
shark, even some of the largest types, there are _20_ known instances of attacks on
humans.

1．A. to make          B. to use              C. to fight         D. to bite
2．A. wrong ideas                             B. interesting information
  C. stories                                 D. descriptions
3．A. none             B. all                 C. not all          D. few


                                     第 26 页 共 51 页
4．A. size          B. weight                 C. danger        D. difference
5．A. and           B. but                    C. to            D. while
6．A. judgment      B. misunderstanding       C. thought       D. mind
7. A. shape        B. color                  C. form          D. number
8．A. same          B. other                  C. huge          D. different
9．A. can           B. always                 C. never         D. must
10．A. untrue       B. easy                   C. true          D. false
11．A. hard         B. sharp                  C. strong        D. marvelous
12．A. apart        B. off                    C. out           D. away
13．A. bite         B. holding                C. sticking      D. hold
14．A. Thirdly      B. Usually                C. Unfortunately D. Finally
15．A. over         B. to                     C. at            D. into
16．A. have been known                        B. had been known
   C. have known                             D. had known
17．A. never        B. usually                C. often         D. seldom
18．A. accident     B. record                 C. action        D. damage
19．A. However      B. Therefore              C. Even          D. So that
20．A. many         B. a lot of               C. no            D. great


                                            3

      In only two decades Asian-Americans have become the fastest-growing US minority.
As their children began _1_ through the nation's schools, it became clear that a new class
of academic achievers was emerging. Their _2_ are reflected in the nation's best
universities, _3_ mathematics, science and engineering departments have _4_ a
decidedly Asian character. (This special liking for mathematics and science is partly
explained by the fact _5_ Asian-American students who began their education abroad
arrived in the U.S. _6_ a solid grounding in mathematics but _7_ or no knowledge of
English.) They are _8_ influenced by the 9_ of a good job after college. Asians feel there
will be less _10_ treatment in areas like mathematics and science because they _11_
more immediate in _12_ like engineering than with an arts degree.
      Most Asian-American students owe their success _13_ the influence of parents who
are determined that their children _14_ full advantage of what the American educational
system has to _15_. An effective measure of parental attention is homework. Asian
parents spend more time with their children than American parents _16_, and it helps.
Many researchers also believe there is something in Asian culture that breeds success,
such as ideals that stress family values and emphasize education.
      Both explanations for academic success worry Asian-Americans because of fears
that they feed a _17_ racial image. Many can still _18_ when Chinese, Japanese and
Filipino immigrants were the victims of social isolation. _19_, it was not until 1952 _20_
laws were laid down giving all Asian immigrants the right to citizenship.

1.   A. move up      B. moving in       C. to move in      D. moving up
2.   A. achievements B. records         C. movements       D. fulfillments


                                    第 27 页 共 51 页
3.    A. whereas                B. when             C. where             D. there
4.    A. drawn on               B. looked at        C. put up            D. taken on
5.    A. that                   B. which            C. it                D. those
6.    A. of                     B. with             C. to                D. on
7.    A. small                  B. little           C. much              D. great
8.    A. even                   B. either           C. also              D. already
9.    A. promise                B. surprise         C. wonder            D. future
10.   A. good                   B. comfortable      C. fair              D. unfair
11.   A. judge                  B will judge        C. are judging       D. will be judged
12.   A. all things             B. anything         C. something         D. everything
13.   A. on                     B. to               C. with              D. at
14.   A. take                   B. show             C. make              D. use
15.   A. offer                  B. send             C. set               D. pay
16.   A. did                    B. spent            C. do                D. had
17.   A. stupid                 B. typical          C. basic             D. famous
18.   A. forget                 B. imagine          C. speak             D. remember
19.   A. Indeed                 B. However          C. Though            D. But
20.   A. when                   B. that             C. which             D. some


                                                              4
      An interesting theory in economics is demonstrated by the Head Man of a small
mountain tribe. It seems that this tribe was good at making straw mats that had great sales
possibility in the         1         market. The representative of an American company                2
to visit the tribe and           3        to make a good business deal. He          4    to the Head Man
and       5   that his company would like to 6                 several thousand mats. Undoubtedly, he
said, the business               7     would be profitable to the       8     . After some thought, the
Head Man         9         , but announced that the price per           10     would be higher on such
a       11       order than it would be if                    12     a small order were placed. The
representative was               13      than a little shocked 14            the business sense of the
Head Man        15             insisted that the price should be             16     because of the large
volume，and            17        not higher.
      “No,” replied the head of the tribe                18 . “But why not?” asked the American.
“Because        19             is so tiresome to make the          20 article over and over,” answered
the Head Man.


1. A. straw                     B. globe            C. world             D. earth
2. A. showed                    B. went             C. left              D. walked
3. A. managed                   B. wrote            C. wore              D. wanted
4. A. addressed                 B. spoke            C. asked             D. told
5. A. declared                  B. confirmed        C. demanded          D. gestured

                                               第 28 页 共 51 页
6. A. order        B. sell           C. arrange      D. make
7. A. treaty       B. pact           C. matter       D. deal
8. A. country      B. company        C. tribe        D. Americans
9. A. agreed       B. accepted       C. refused      D. received
10. A. head        B. piece          C. each         D. dollar
11. A. small       B. big            C. vast         D. high
12. A. certainly   B. really         C. only         D. simply
13. A greater      B. stronger       C. less         D. more
14. A from         B. of             C. at           D. since
15. A. who         B. and            C. then         D. therefore
16. A. lower       B. higher         C. little       D. raised
17. A. never       B. really         C. certainly    D. yet
18. A. weakly      B. happily        C. stubbornly   D. hesitatingly
19. A. he          B. it             C. what         D. work
20. A. similar     B. beautiful      C. different    D. same


Writing

(1) 假如你是李华。得知你的一位朋友病了，写封信去安慰他。

(2) 假设你是张辉勇。给你父母写封信，谈谈你在学校学习和生活的情况。

(3) 假设你是李华。得知你的朋友Tom要来中国旅游，写封信表示欢迎并提出有关在中 国
   旅游的建议。

(4) 假设你是李华，一个英语学习者。写封信给张老师，谈谈你在英语学习中的困难并希
   望能得到他的帮助和指点。


                    全国教师教育网络联盟入学联考

                               （专科起点升本科）

             大学英语复习备考题库参考答案
                                    2009 年



一、语法词汇选择题
                                  第 29 页 共 51 页
练习（一）

 1-5    BAAAD      6-10 ACBCA         11-15     ABCCA

 16-20 ADBCC 21-25 ACACD              26-30 BBABB

 31-35 BBABA

练习（二）

 1-5    DBDAD      6-10 DCBAB         11-15 ADBAD

 16-20 DDBBA 21-25 ABCBC              26-30 ACDDD

 31-35 CAABC

练习（三）

 1-5    DDCAB      6-10 ABCDC         11-15 DBBCB

 16-20 ADDBC 21-25 ACBAD              26-30 DDABB

 31-35 ADDCC

练习（四）

 1-5    ADCAD      6-10 DDCCC         11-15 ABCCB

 16-20 DCDDC 21-25 DCCBC              26-30 DCDCA

 31-35 ACADD

二、阅读理解

 1. CBBAD    2. DDDBA      3. CACAB        4. CAADB     5. DBCAD
 6. BDBAC    7. CABBB      8. ABBDC        9. CDADA    10. BCCAD
11. BACDB    12. DCBAD    13. BCCDA        14. DBCAA   15. CCDDB
16. CADBC

三、完形填空
1.   CABDB   CDABD       BBACD     BAACD
2.   BACAC   BDDAC       BABDC     ADBAC

                           第 30 页 共 51 页
3.   DACDA   BBCAD   DCBAA      CBDAB
4.   CBDBA   ADCAB   BCDCB      ACCBD



四、写作(略)

                全国教师教育网络联盟入学联考

                     (专科起点升本科)

         教育学与心理学复习备考题库
                             2009 年

                       教育学部分

一． 单项选择题（每题一分）

1. 德育目标有总目标和________目标。
A: 一般     B: 集体        C: 具体            D: 个人

2.主张教学的主要任务在于传授对生活有用的知识的观点是________教育论。
A: 形式     B: 实质   C: 客观   D: 主观

3.德育过程是按照知、情、意、行的________而形成发展的。
A: 顺序     B: 阶段    C: 过程      D: 环节

4.在封建社会时期，欧洲教会学校的教育内容主要是________。
A: “四艺”   B: “五艺” C: “六艺”    D: “七艺”

5.国家从具体国情出发制定的有关教育工作的总政策和总方向指的是________。
A: 教育方针   B: 教育目的 C: 教育目标 D: 培养目标

6.整个教育制度的核心是________。
A: 学校教育制度       B: 国家教育领导体制
C: 办学体制         D: 招生考试制度

7.巩固知识需要学生的________。
A: 学习     B: 温习         C: 练习           D: 记忆

8.主张教学的主要任务在于训练学生思维形式的观点是________教育论。
A: 形式     B: 实质   C: 客观     D: 主观

                       第 31 页 共 51 页
9.学校和教师对学生进行德育必须要遵循的基本要求是________。
A: 德育规律   B: 德育原则 C: 德育方法   D: 德育手段

10.给学生创设交往情境提供社交机会的德育方法是________。
A: 感化法    B: 交流法   C: 心理咨询法   D: 对话法

11.1958年,党中央颁布了“两个必须”的教育方针，这“两个必须”是指________ 。
A: 教育必须为无产阶级政治服务，必须于生产劳动相结合
B: 教育必须为社会主义服务，必须与生产劳动相结合
C: 教育必须与工农相结合，必须与社会生产实践相结合
D: 教育必须为社会主义服务，必须与我国国情相结合

12.马克思主义观点认为，教育起源于________ 。
A: 心理模仿        B: 生物本能
C: 人的理性        D: 生产劳动

13.明确提出：“调整教育结构，改革办学体制，改革高校的招生和毕业生就业制度”的文
  件是________ 。
A: 《中国教育改革和发展纲要》
B: 《中共中央关于教育体制改革的决定》
C: 《2003－2007年教育振兴行动计划》
D: 《中华人民共和国教育法》

14.《中华人民共和国义务教育法》是哪一年颁布的________？
A: 1993年   B: 1986年 C: 1996年     D: 1995年

15.教师把学生带到事物发生、发展的现场进行教学的进行教学的教学组织形式是________
  教学。
A: 班级      B: 个别    C: 分组   D: 现场

16.调动学生的学习积极性是贯彻了________原则。
A: 启发性     B: 直观性     C: 巩固性         D: 因材施教

17.学校和教师对学生进行德育必须要遵循的基本要求是________
A: 德育规律             B: 德育原则
C: 德育方法             D: 德育手段

18.智力是掌握________的前提和基础。
A: 智力        B: 能力      C: 技巧        D: 知识

19.同时完成多种教学任务的课是________。
A: 综合课     B: 复习课      C: 练习课        D: 单一课



                     第 32 页 共 51 页
20.通过教学实践抽象概括而成的相对稳定的教学活动的基本结构是________。
A: 教学过程                 B: 教学方法
C: 教学模式                 D: 教学手段
21.针对不同年龄的学生进行不同内容、特点的教育是遵循身心发展的________ 。
A: 顺序性       B: 不平衡性    C: 阶段性   D: 个别差异性
22.“教然后知困”、“能者为师”、“弟子不必不如师”等说明了我国师生关系的哪一特
  点________？
A: 尊师爱生          B: 民主平等
C: 教学相长          D: 师道尊严

23.制约教育发展的规模、速度和结构的是________ 。
A: 政治经济制度     B: 生产力水平
C: 科学技术       D: 人力资本

24.在近代，最早系统地论述教育问题的专著是________。
A: 《爱弥尔》      B: 《大教学论》
C: 《普通教育学》    D: 《教育论》

25.《爱弥尔》一书是_________的著作。
A: 卢梭    B: 洛克       C: 斯宾塞           D: 裴斯泰洛齐

26.“教育脱离社会生活，脱离生产劳动”是以下哪一种社会形态的特征表现________。
A: 原始社会       B: 封建主义社会
C: 资本主义社会     D: 社会主义社会

27.“教学相长”一语出自___________。
A: 《论语》   B: 《学记》       C: 《孟子》         D: 《道德经》

28.家庭和学校以外对学生进行文化思想品德教育的总和是___________教育。
A: 校外     B: 社区    C: 家庭   D: 邻里

29.教育过程中由学校和班级组织实施的课余教育活动是___________教育。
A: 课外     B: 校外    C: 家庭    D: 学校

30.主要完成一种教学任务的课是               。
A: 综合课    B: 复习课      C: 练习课          D: 单一课

31.历史上首次提出把“教育学”作为一门独立的学科的人是_________。
A: 卢梭     B: 夸美纽斯    C: 培根     D: 赫尔巴特

32.加强2－3岁幼儿的口语训练是遵循身心发展的________。
A: 顺序性        B: 阶段性
C: 不均衡性       D: 个别差异性



                      第 33 页 共 51 页
33.根据一个国家政治、经济、生产力发展和实施教育目的的需要而建立的整个教育组织系
  统叫做___________。
A: 教育体制           B: 教育目的
C: 教育规划           D: 教育制度

34.传统教育派的代表人物是_______。
A: 赫尔巴特   B: 杜威              C: 克伯屈            D: 吉鲁

35.决定教育的内容和手段的是________。
A: 政治经济制度    B: 生产力水平
C: 科学技术      D: 人力资本

36.教学中尽量利用学生的多种感官和已有经验是贯彻了      教学原则。
A: 启发性    B: 直观性  C: 巩固性 D: 循序渐进

37.课的类型大致分为单一课和           。
A: 综合课    B: 复习课      C: 练习课           D: 考试课

38.传授与学习系统的现代科学文化基础知识和基本技能是教学的                         任务。
A: 中心     B: 一般   C: 基本  D: 主要

39.完成教学任务所采用的手段是         方法。
A: 活动     B: 教学       C: 学习            D: 教育

40.班级授课制产生于___________兴起的时期。
A: 近代资本主义              B: 社会主义
C: 封建主义                D: 奴隶主义



二． 填空题（每空 1 分）

1.教育是___________的社会活动，这是教育区别于其他事物的本质属性。

2.“双基”教学是指基本知识和________。

3.美国教育家杜威提出以儿童为中心的教育观点，与之相应的教学方法是___________。

4.我国中等教育承担的基本任务是升学和________。

5.学生的身体素质包括速度、灵敏、力量、_______、柔韧等方面。

6.西方最早的教育著作是古罗马昆体良的《___________》。

7.在教育起源问题上，心理摹仿说的代表人物是美国的________。


                       第 34 页 共 51 页
8.学校体育的基本组织形式是____________。

9.一个国家各级各类学校的总体系简称为____________。

10.在教学过程中，学生智力的发展过程依赖于知识的________过程。

11.广义的教育包括学校教育、家庭教育以及___________教育。

12.1957年，毛泽东同志曾提出我国的教育目的是培养有社会主义觉悟，有_______的劳动者。

13.___________是实现我国教育目的的根本途径。

14.在教育史上，围绕着教育目的的确定，曾经出现过社会本位和________两种理论的争论。

15.美国教育家杜威提出以___________为中心的教育观点，与之相应的教学方法是做中学。

16.___________既是教育工作的出发点，又是教育工作的归宿。

17.教育者在德育过程中起________。

18.在课程计划和学科标准以外利用课余时间，对学生实施的有目的、有计划、有组织的教
育活动是________。

19.教育者运用模范和典型人物的优良思想、感情和行为，对学生进行影响的方法是
________。

20.形式教育论 主张教学的主要任务是训练学生的________。

21.我国在1922年颁布的学制一直沿用到全国解放初期，这个学制被称为___________学制，
是以美国学制为蓝本制定的。

22.从作用的对象看，教育的功能可分为___________和社会功能。

23.传统教育派的代表人物赫尔巴特的代表作是《___________》，现代教育派的代表人物杜
威的代表作是《民主主义与教育》。

24.教育内部诸要素之间、教育与其他事物之间内在的、必然的联系，称为___________。

25.西方最早的教育著作是古罗马昆体良的《___________》。

26.班级是学校组织教育教学工作的___________。

27.后进生往往是品德差、学习差的___________。


                     第 35 页 共 51 页
28.认为学生是教学过程的参与者和主人的观点是___________教育观。

29.实质教育论主张教学的主要任务在于传授对学生有用的___________。

30.教学方法是受教育目的和___________制约的。

31.在我国首次把美育列入教育组成部分的教育家是____________。

32.前苏联著名教育家___________的论著被誉为“活的教育学”和“学校生活的百科全
书”。
33.学校体育的基本组织形式是____________。

34.___________是实现我国教育目的的根本途径。

35.国家把发展基础教育的责任交给_________，并有步骤地实行九年义务教育。

36.直接推动学生学习的内部动力是_________。

37.将学生看成单纯接受知识的容器的观点是_________教育观。

38.学校工作必须坚持以_________为主。

39.为了理解和掌握书本知识、间接经验，学生必须要有_________作基础。

40.学生完成学习任务的手段或途径是_________。



三． 简答题（每题 6 分）

1.什么是教育目的？什么是培养目标？

2.简述实验教育学的主要观点

3.选择教学方法的基本依据是什么？

4.我国社会主义教育目的的基本点包括哪几个方面的内容？

5.简述素质教育及其意义。

6.学校外部正式的德育途径有哪些？

7.简述我国社会主义新型师生关系的特点？



                     第 36 页 共 51 页
8.青少年学生的年龄分期是如何划分的？

9.班主任如何组织和培养班集体？

10.简述实用主义教育学的主要观点。

11.简述文化教育学的主要观点。

12.现代教学评价的基本原则有哪些？



四． 论述题（每题 12 分）

1.试述对一个合格人民教师能力素养的要求。

2.分析班主任工作的意义。

3.分析德育的重要意义。

4.分析班主任如何组织和培养班集体。


                   心理学部分

一． 单项选择题（每题 1 分）
1.精力旺盛，直率爽快，开朗热情，外向，但急噪易怒，缺乏自制力和耐心。这种气质类型
  属于________。
A: 多血质        B: 粘液质 C: 胆汁质 D: 抑郁质

2.韦克斯勒智力测验的基本假设是：同年龄人的智商是平均数为________，标准差为15的正
  态分布。
A: 110    B: 100   C: 90    D: 80

3.成就动机理论认为，避免失败者将目标定位于如何避免失败上，如果成功概率大约是
  ________时，他们会回避这项任务。
A: 0.1        B: 0.3   C: 0.5 D: 0.7

4.指能深入到事物的本质里去考虑问题，这是思维的________。
A: 广阔性    B: 深刻性   C: 独立性       D: 批判性

5.注意的集中性的前提和基础是________。
A: 注意的分心               B: 注意的起伏
C: 注意的指向性              D: 注意的分配

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6.指与个人的生活愿望相结合并指向未来的想象，这是________。
A: 再造想象            B: 创造想象
C: 无意想象            D: 幻想

7.后学习的材料对先前学习材料的识记与回忆的干扰是________。
A: 单一抑制            B: 双重抑制
C: 前摄抑制            D: 倒摄抑制

8.认为心理学的研究应以正常健康人为对象，人是最重要的，其本性是善良的，并蕴藏着巨
  大、无限的潜力的心理学派是________。
A: 人本主义心理学             B: 机能主义心理学
C: 行为主义心理学             D: 格式塔心理学

9.记忆过程的第一个基本环节是________。
A: 保持     B: 回忆        C: 识记            D: 再认

10.人的心理活动的准备状态是指________。
A: 迁移      B: 技能       C: 习惯            D: 定势

11.16种人格因素问卷，简称16PF，是由________编制的。
A: 奥尔波特     B: 艾森克   C: 卡特尔      D: 霍兰德

12.心理学一般将人类的基本情绪分为________。
A: 快乐、愤怒、恐惧、悲哀
B: 快乐、愤怒、悲哀、厌恶
C: 快乐、自豪、恐惧、厌恶
D: 快乐、愤怒、恐惧、厌恶

13.能力发展存在水平上的差异，全人口的智力差异从低到高有许多不同的层次，但在人口
  总体中，智力分布基本上呈________。
A: 正态分布              B: 偏态分布
C: 无规律分布             D: U型曲线分布

14.在解决中等难度问题时，动机水平和活动效率之间的关系成________。
A: 正比     B: 反比   C: 正U型曲线 D: 倒U型曲线

15.无意想象的特殊形式是________。
A: 再造想象   B: 创造想象     C: 梦            D: 幻想

16.个体会把一些痛苦经历压抑到潜意识层面而导致遗忘，这种遗忘的原因是________。
A: 衰退说            B: 干扰说
C: 压抑说            D: 提取失败说



                      第 38 页 共 51 页
17.在讲课过程中，一般要求老师要，语言生动、形象、要使用直观教具进行讲解，有时可
  以加上一些动画等，这容易引起学生的________。
A: 无意注意           B: 有意注意
C: 分心             D: 想象

18. 在思考问题和解决问题时，推理严谨，层次分明，论证充分，结论确凿，这反映了思维
  的________。
A: 广阔性       B: 深刻性 C: 逻辑性 D: 严谨性

19.正常成人的短时记忆的容量的组块数是________。
A: 3±2   B: 5±2   C: 7±2            D: 9±2

20.由于视觉后象，人们在看电影的时候，才能将一系列断续出现的画面看成连续的。那么，
  视觉后象属于的记忆阶段是________。
A: 瞬时记忆              B: 工作记忆
C: 短时记忆              D: 长时记忆

21.个体活动积极性的内在源泉是_________。
A: 兴趣    B: 需要   C: 性格         D: 动机

22.英国心理学家斯皮尔曼提出了智力的二因素理论，认为智力可分成_________。
A: 具体因素和抽象因素    B: 一般因素和特殊因素
C: 认知因素和操作因素    D: 模仿因素和创造因素

23.心理学家_________把所有的性格特质划分为表面特质和根源特质。
A: 奥尔波特       B: 卡特尔   C: 艾森克  D: 凯利

24.人在自觉调节自己行为的方式与控制水平、目标的明确程度以及在处理紧急问题方面所
  表现出来的个别差异，是性格的_________。
A: 态度特征         B: 意志特征
C: 情绪特征         D: 理智特征

25.直接影响人的活动效率，使活动得以顺利进行的个性心理特征是_________。
A: 动机      B: 气质  C: 性格   D: 能力

26.属于自陈式人格测验的是_________。
A: 罗夏克墨渍测验        B: 明尼苏达多相人格测验
C: 主题统觉测验         D: 句子完成测验

27.“忧者见之而忧，喜者见之而喜”是一种_________。
A: 焦虑      B: 心境   C: 激情        D: 应激

28.韦克斯勒智力测验的基本假设是：同年龄人的智商是平均数为_________，标准差为15
  的正态分布。


                    第 39 页 共 51 页
A: 110     B: 100    C: 90          D: 80

29.某5岁小孩在斯坦福-比奈量表智力测验中智商为120，他的智力年龄为_________。
A: 5       B: 6    C: 7      D: 8

30.成就动机理论认为，  力求成功者将目标定位于获取成就， 成功概率为_________的任务是
  他们最有可能选择的。
A: 0.1     B: 0.3    C: 0.5  D: 0.7

31.由春天想到新生，由严冬想到冷酷，这是_________。
A: 适应     B: 类似    C: 对比        D: 联觉

32.心理活动有选择地反映一定的对象，而离开其余的对象，是指_________。
A: 注意的分心          B: 注意的指向性
C: 注意的集中性         D: 注意的分配

33.听觉的适宜刺激是_________。
A: 16~20000赫兹的声波
B: 有气味的挥发性物质微粒
C: 可溶于水和唾液中的有味道的化学物质
D: 物体刺激的机械、温度

34.以下不属于独立的心理过程的是_________。
A: 知觉     B: 感觉     C: 思维            D: 注意

35.适合解释永久性遗忘的学说是_________。
A: 衰退说    B: 干扰说     C: 压抑说          D: 提取失败说

36.熟练地骑车、熟练地织毛衣中的注意是_________。
A: 无意注意   B: 不随意注意 C: 随意注意           D: 有意后注意

37.智力活动的实践模式向脑内部转化，这是_________。
A: 原型内化   B: 适应    C: 同化        D: 平衡

38.看到苹果能够吃，看到李子能够吃，看到橙子也能够吃，因此我们就认为这些水果都能
  吃，这说明思维具有_________。
A: 间接性                B: 思维与语言的密切关系
C: 思维的逻辑性             D: 思维的概括性

39.人们常说“知之深、爱之切”，也说“情人眼里出西施”，还说“梅花香自苦寒来”，
  这些说法表明_________。
A: 认知影响情绪
B: 认知影响意志
C: 意志影响认知


                    第 40 页 共 51 页
D: 认知、情绪和意志三者相互影响

40.后学习的材料对先前学习材料的识记与回忆的干扰是_________。
A: 单一抑制    B: 双重抑制 C: 前摄抑制   D: 倒摄抑制



二． 填空题（每空 1 分）
1.气质类型的主要生理基础是_________。

2.动机产生的内在条件是_________。

3.想象的功能有三个，分别是预见功能、补充功能和________。

4.后来学习与记忆的材料对先前学习与记忆材料的保持和回忆的干扰，称为________。

5.科学的心理观认为心理是________的机能，是对客观现实的反映。

6.技能一般分为操作技能和________技能。

7.创造性思维的过程可以分为四个时期，分别是准备期、________、豁朗期和验证期。

8.心理学是研究心理现象及其________的科学。

9.不随意注意是指事先没有预定目的和不需要________。

10.智力技能具有的特点是动作对象的观念性、________       和动作结构的简缩性。

11.想象具有形象性和________两个基本特征。

12.程序性记忆主要包括________和动作技能两个部分。

13.如果延髓受损，则会使心跳停止、血压消失和呼吸丧失，生命就难以维持，因此称为
________。

14. 动作技能形成的条件有四个方面，分别是动作概念的掌握、进行有效练习、动作示范和
________。

15.注意是指人的心理活动对一定对象的________、集中。

16.技能一般分为________技能和智力技能。

17.智力技能具有的特点是动作对象的观念性、动作进行的内隐性和________。



                     第 41 页 共 51 页
18. 先前学习与记忆的材料对后续学习与记忆材料的干扰，称为________。

19.内部感觉主要有：运动觉、平衡觉、________

20.思维的过程包括分析与综合、比较、________系统化与具体化。

21.动机产生的外在条件是_________。

22.智力结构理论的杰出代表是吉尔福特的三维智力结构模型。吉尔福特认为，智力可以区
分为三个维度，即内容、操作和_________。

23.心理测验所测验的结果是否是所要测量的东西，即一个测验对它所要测验的特性的准确
程度，称为_________。

24.主题统觉测验是一种_________人格测验。

25.能力含义包含两个方面：一是指个体的实际能力；另一是指个体的_________。

26.由于个体知识经验的参与，知觉并不因条件变化而改变，仍保持相对稳定不变的特征，
这是_________。

27.华生认为，心理学研究的对象应该是可以为他人观察到的_________。

28.创造性思维的过程可以分为四个时期，分别是准备期、酝酿期、_________和验证期。

29.在技能形成过程中，练习到一定时期，有时会出现进步暂时停顿的现象，这是_________。

30.结构主义心理学认为，心理学应该研究人的_________。

31.遗忘的规律是_________。

32.记忆包括识记、保持和_________等三个基本环节。

33.把没有连续运动的物体知觉为连续运动，这是_________。

34.随意注意具有两个基本特征：有_________和需要意志努力。

35.低于或高于_________的过度学习，都会影响记忆效果。
36.一种感觉引起另一种感觉的现象为_________。

37.想象的功能有三个，分别是预见功能、_________和代替功能。

38.最先呈现的学习材料最容易呈现并遗忘较少，称为_________，最后呈现的学习材料最容
易呈现并遗忘较少称为近因效应。


                      第 42 页 共 51 页
39.长时记忆的信息编码方式是以_________为主。

40.智力技能具有的特点是动作对象的观念性、动作进行的内隐性和_________。



三、简答题（每题 6 分）

1.简述奥尔波特的人格特质理论。

2.良好的思维品质的特征是什么？

3.动作技能的学习有哪些阶段？

4.简述性格与气质的关系。

5.论述注意规律在教学中的运用？

6.如何培养观察力？

7.简述多元智力理论。


8.简述动机的类型。


9.影响遗忘进程的因素是什么？


10.如何理解心理特征？

11.遗忘的原因是什么？

12.联系实际，谈谈科学概念的掌握在教学中要注意什么？



三． 论述题（每题 12 分）
1.联系实际论述能力与知识、技能的关系。

2.联系实际谈谈如何培养健康的情绪。

3.学习成绩的归因对学生有什么样的影响？


4.论述性格结构的基本特性。

              全国教师教育网络联盟入学联考

                    第 43 页 共 51 页
                            (专科起点升本科)

   教育学与心理学复习备考题库参考答案
                                        2009 年

                                教育学部分

五． 单项选择题（每题一分）
1.C     2.B     3.A     4.D     5.A      6.A     7.D     8.A     9.B     10.B
11.A    12.D    13.A    14.B    15.D     16.A    17.B    18.D    19.A    20.C
21.C    22.C    23.B    24.B    25.A     26.B    27.B    28.A    29.A    30.A
31. C   32. C   33. D   34. A   35. B    36. B   37. A   38. A   39. B   40. D


六． 填空题（每空 1 分）
1.培养人        2.基本技能                               3.做中学
4.就业         5.耐力                                 6.论演说家的教育
7.孟禄         8.体育课                                9.学制
10.掌握        11.社会                                12.文化
13.教育与生产劳动相结合                                     14.个人本位
15.儿童        16.教育目的                              17.主导作用
18.课外校外活动    19.榜样示范                              20.思维形式
21.壬戌        22.个体功能                              23.普通教育学
24.教育规律      25.论演说家的教育                           26.基本单位
27.双差生       28.启发式                               29.知识
30.教学内容      31.蔡元培                               32.苏霍姆林斯基
33.体育课       34.教育与生产劳动相结合                        35.地方
36.学习动机      37.注入式                               38.教学
39.感性认识      40.学习方式




七． 简答题（每题 6 分）
1.什么是教育目的？什么是培养目标？

答案：教育目的是培养人的质量规格标准，是对受教育者的一个总的要求。
   培养目标一般指教育目的在各级教育机构的具体化。

2.简述实验教育学的主要观点


                                第 44 页 共 51 页
  （1）
答案： 反对以赫尔巴特为代表的强调概念思辨的理论，  它无法对教育优劣进行科学检验。
  （2）主张用实验的方法分析和研究儿童的心理和身体状况。
  （3）将教育实验计划分为三个阶段，即提出假设--制定计划--验证假设。
  （4）教育实验不同于在实验室里进行的心理学实验，它要求在实在的学校环境和实践
  中进行。
  （5）主张用实验、统计和比较的方法探索儿童的身心发展，其结论是改革教育与教学
  的依据。

3.选择教学方法的基本依据是什么？

答案：（1）依据教学任务。（2）依据教学内容。（3）依据学生的年龄特征。

4.我国社会主义教育目的的基本点包括哪几个方面的内容？

答案：我国教育目的虽然曾出现过不同的表述方式，但其基本精神是一致的。大致有下列几
 个基本点：
   （1）培养有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的劳动者和社会主义事业的建设者和接班
  人，是我国教育目的的性质要求；
   （2）使学生德、智、体等方面全面发展，是我国教育目的中对受教育者的素质要求；
   （3）教育与生产劳动相结合，是实现我国教育目的的根本途径。

5.简述素质教育及其意义。

答案：素质教育是依据人的发展和社会发展的实际需要，以全面提高学生的基本素质为根本
 目的的教育。
   素质教育的意义是：
  （1）素质教育有助于提高中华民族的整体素质，提高综合国力；
  （2）素质教育是克服应试教育的弊端，深化教育改革的必然趋势；
  （3）素质教育是全面发展教育的具体落实。

6.学校外部正式的德育途径有哪些？

答案：（1）校外教育。（2）家庭教育。（3）社会实践活动。（4）社区文化教育活动。

7.简述我国社会主义新型师生关系的特点？

  （一）尊师爱生；
答案：
   （二）民主平等；
   （三）教学相长：1、教可以促进学；2、教师可以向学生学习 3、学生可以超过老师。



8.青少年学生的年龄分期是如何划分的？



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答案：生理学、心理学的研究成果和教育工作的经验，儿童、青少年身心发展大致可以划分
 为下面几个阶段：
   （1）婴儿期和托儿期（又称学龄初期，相当于托儿所阶段）  ，出生－3岁；
   （2）幼儿期（又称学前期，相当于幼儿园阶段），3岁－5岁；
   （3）童年期（又称学龄初期，相当于小学阶段），6、7岁－11、12岁；
   （4）少年期（又称学龄中期，相当于初中阶段），11、12岁－14、15岁；
   （5）青年初期（又称学龄晚期，相当于高中阶段），14、15岁－17、18岁；
  儿童、青少年身心发展虽然划分为上述几个阶段，但相邻的各个阶段之间都是相互连续、
   逐渐过渡的。

9.班主任如何组织和培养班集体？

答案：（1）确立班集体的奋斗目标。（2）选择和培养班干部。
    （3）培养正确的集体舆论和良好的班风。（4）组织多样的教育活动。
10.简述实用主义教育学的主要观点

  （1）在不断变化的社会中，教育是不断改造经验、组织经验的过程；
答案：
  （2）教育即生活，学校即社会；
  （3）提出“儿童中心论”，并形成其基本的教学方法，“从做中学”。

11.简述文化教育学的主要观点

  （1）人是一种文化存在，教育过程是一种历史文化过程；
答案：
  （2）教育研究必须采用精神科学或文化科学的方法，即理解与解释的方法进行；
  （3）教育目的就是要促进社会历史文化向个体主观文化的转变，使个体接受客观文化，
  通过“陶冶”和“唤醒”，培养儿童完整的人格。

12.现代教学评价的基本原则有哪些？

答案：1、客观性原则。2、全面性原则。3、指导性原则。4、科学性原则。




八． 论述题（每题 12 分）
1.试述对一个合格人民教师能力素养的要求。

答案：论述要点，适当展开。
   （1）必须具备组织教育和教学的能力，表现在善于制定教学计划、编写教案、组织教
  学，与家庭、社会配合等方面；
   （2）具备语言表达能力，教师语言应具有科学性、逻辑性和启发性，并善于结合姿态、
  表情、手势，使语言更具表现力；
   （3）具备教育教学管理能力，表现在善于组织和管理班集体，对学生和班级日常工作
  进行良好的组织管理等方面；
   （4）具备自我反思能力，对自己的教育教学状况及时分析、思考，并进行正确评价、

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       反馈的能力。

2.分析班主任工作的意义。

答案：（1）班级是学校教育教学工作的基本单位，学校一般要委派一个有经验的教师担任
 班主任，以全面负责一个班学生的各项工作。
  （2）班主任班集体的组织者和领导者。班主任要全面负责组织一个班集体的工作。
  （3）班主任是学生全面发展的关护者。教育目的的实现，需要借助与大量的班主任的
 工作。
  （4）班主任是联系班级中各任课教师的纽带。班主任的任务就是使班级中各任课教师
 互相配合，协调一致。

3.分析德育的重要意义。

答案：（1）德育是进行社会主义精神文明建设和物质文明建设的重要条件。我国现阶段的
 根本任务是进行社会主义现代化建设。要完成这个任务，必须要一手抓物质文明建设，
 一手抓精神文明建设。而两个文明的建设都离不开德育。
   （2）德育在青少年思想品德的形成发展中起主导作用，是培养社会主义新人的条件。
 青少年的思想品德不是先天就有的，也不是在环境影响下自发形成的，而是在教育影响
 下，特别是学校教育的指导和个人实践活动中形成发展的。
   （3）德育是学校全面发展教育的基本组成部分，是实现教育目的的重要保证。德育
 作为学校全面发展教育的组成部分，可以使其他各育沿着正确的方向发展。

4.分析班主任如何组织和培养班集体。

答案：（1）组织和培养班集体是班主任工作的中心环节，也是班主任工作的目的和结果。
   （2）确立班集体的奋斗目标。班主任要善于提出振奋学生精神、鼓舞学生前进，又
 符合本班实际和学生年龄特征的奋斗目标。
   （3）选择和培养班干部。一个好的班集体，必须要有一批团结在班主任周围的积极
 分子，并由他们担任干部，组成班集体的核心，才能带动全班为实现共同目标努力。
   （4）培养正确的集体舆论和优良的班风。有无正确集体舆论，是衡量班集体是否形
 成的重要标志。
   （5）组织多样的教育活动。班集体是在全班学生参加共同活动中逐步形成的。



                           心理学部分

四． 单项选择题（每题 1 分）
1.C      2.B   3.C   4.B      5.C  6.D   7.D    8.A     9.C    10.D
11.C     12.A  13.A  14.D     15.C 16.C  17.A   18.D    19.C   20.A
21.B     22.B  23.B  24.B     25.D 26.B  27.B   28.B    29.B   30.C
31.D    32.B 33.A 34.D    35.A 36.D 37.A 38.D   39.D   40.D



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五． 填空题（每空 1 分）
1.高级神经活动类型            2.需要          3.代替功能
4.倒摄抑制                5.脑           6.智力（或认知）
7.酝酿期                 8.规律          9.意志努力
10.动作进行的内隐性           11.新颖性        12.智力技能
13.生命中枢               14.动作反馈       15.指向
16.操作（或运动或动作）         17.动作结构的简缩性   18.前摄抑制
19.机体觉                20.抽象与概括      21.诱因
22.产物                 23.效度         24.投射式
25.潜在能力               26.知觉恒常性      27.外显行为
28.豁朗期                29.高原现象       30.意识经验
31.先快后慢               32.再认或回忆      33.似动知觉
34.预定目的               35.150%       36.联觉
37.补充功能               38.首因效应       39.意义编码
40.动作结构的简缩性



六． 简答题（每题 6 分）
1.简述奥尔波特的人格特质理论。

答案：美国心理学家奥尔波特认为人格是由特质构成的，人有两种特质：共同特质和个人特
 质。
   共同特质是在同样文化形态下人们所具有的一般特质，普遍存在于每个人身上，是一
 种概括化了的行为倾向。
   个人特质是个人所独有的特质，代表个人的行为倾向，可划分为首要特质、主要特质
 和次要特质。

2.良好的思维品质的特征是什么？

答案：（1）思维的广阔性和深刻性；
   （2）思维的独立性和批判性；
   （3）思维的逻辑性和严谨性；
   （4）思维的灵活性和敏捷性。

3.动作技能的学习有哪些阶段？

答案: （1）动作的认知和定向阶段；
    （2）动作的模仿和联系阶段；
    （3）动作的整合、协调和完善阶段。

4.简述性格与气质的关系。



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答案：（1）气质与性格的联系：有些性格特征在各种气质类型的人身上都可能形成；气质可
  以影响某些性格特征形成发展的速度，性格特征也会影响人的气质类型的改变。
  （2）气质与性格的差异：定义的差异；形成与影响的差异；稳定性与可塑性的差异；
  社会评价的差异。

5.论述注意规律在教学中的运用？

答案：（1）不随意注意规律在教学中的运用；（2）随意注意规律在教学中的运用；（3）
 正确运用不随意注意和随意注意相互转换规律组织教学

6.如何培养观察力？

答案：（1）明确观察的目的与任务；（2）制定周密的观察计划；（3）具备观察事物的必
  备知识；
    （4）掌握一定的观察方法；（5）学会观察记录；（6）观察后及时归纳与总结
7.简述多元智力理论。

答案：多元智力理论是由美国心理学家加德纳提出的。加德纳认为，智力的内涵是多元的，
 它由七种相对独立的智力成分所构成。每种智力都是一个单独的功能系统，这些系统可
 以相互作用，产生外显的智力行为。它们分别是：
 （1）言语智力（2）逻辑-数学智力（3）空间智力（4）音乐智力
 （5）身体运动智力（6）人际智力（7）内省智力

8.简述动机的类型。

  （1）根据与动机相关联的需要的起源，把动机分为生理性动机和社会性动机；
答案：
  （2）根据动机的作用及其与活动的关系，把动机分为近景的直接性动机和远景的间接
  性动机；
  （3）根据动机在活动中的地位和所起作用的大小，把动机分为主导动机和从属动机；
  （4）根据动机的动力来源，可以分为内部动机和外部动机；

9.影响遗忘进程的因素是什么？

答案：（1）识记材料的性质与数量；（2）学习的程度；（3）识记材料的序列位置；（4）
 识记者的态度。

10.如何理解心理特征？

答案：（1）心理特征指是个体在认知、情绪和意志活动过程中形成的稳定而经常表现出来
 的特征，包括能力和人格，它们是心理学研究的对象；
  （2）能力是一个人顺利完成某种活动所必须具备的心理特征，表现了人与人之间存在
 差异的活动效率及潜在可能性；
  （3）人格是指区别于他人，并在不同情境中表现出一贯的、稳定的行为模式的心理特
 征；


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  （4）性格是指人对现实的稳定态度与习惯化了的行为方式的心理特征，在人格中具有
 核心意义。

11.遗忘的原因是什么？

答案：（1）衰退说；（2）干扰说；（3）压抑说；（4）提取失败说。

12. 联系实际，谈谈科学概念的掌握在教学中要注意什么？

答案：（1）以感性材料作为概念掌握的基础；
   （2）合理利用学生过去的知识经验；
   （3）充分利用“变式”；
   （4）正确运用语言表述；
   （5）形成正确的概念体系，并运用于实践中。



七． 论述题（每题 12 分）
1.联系实际论述能力与知识、技能的关系。

  （1）能力与知识、技能的联系：能力是在知识、技能掌握与运用的过程中形成与完善
答案：
 的。知识的获得依赖学习，而技能的掌握练习，离开学习和练习，能力不会得到发展。
 能力是掌握知识、技能的内在条件与可能性，在一定程度上决定着个体在知识和技能掌
 握上所取得的成就。
  （2）能力与知识、技能的区别：能力是个性心理特征，知识是认知经验的概括，技能
  是某种动作方式；
  （3）联系实际。

2.联系实际谈谈如何培养健康的情绪。

  （1）培养乐观向上的人生态度；
答案：
   （2）培养广泛的兴趣和爱好；
   （3）丰富积极的情绪体验；
   （4）自我接纳和自我欣赏；
   （5）建立良好的人际关系；
   （6）正确面对与处理负性情绪；
   联系实际。

3.学习成绩的归因对学生有什么样的影响？

  （1）对成功与失败的情感反应。
答案：                           （3）投入的努力。
                  （2）对成功与失败的期望。
  （4）自我概念。（5）积极归因有助于激发学生的动机，消极归因会导致习得性无助。

4.论述性格结构的基本特性。


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答案:（1）态度特征，人在对现实的稳定态度方面所表现出来的个别差异，是性格特征中最
 重要的组成部分。
  （2）意志特征，人在自觉调节自己行为方式与控制水平、目标的明确程度以及在处理
  紧急问题方面所表现出来的个别差异。
  （3）情绪特征，在情绪情感活动中经常表现出来的强度、稳定性、持久性以及主导心
  境等方面的特征。
  （4）理智特征，人在感知、记忆和思维等认知活动过程中表现出来的性格特征。




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