Human Anatomy
Mrs. Gies
8th grade Science
Organizing the Human Body
Scientists use four terms to talk about parts
of the human body.
• Cells are the basic building blocks of all living
things.
• Groups of cells that do the same job are called
tissues.
• Groups of tissues that do the same job are
called organs.
• Groups of organs that work together are called
organ systems.
Body Systems
• Scientists give a name to each of the
systems of the human body that perform a
certain task that is necessary for humans
to survive.
• We are going to learn about the 9 major
body systems.
Skeletal System
• Function:
–Provides shape and support
–Allows movement
–Protects tissues and organs
–Stores materials
–Produces blood cells
Skeletal System
• Major Parts:
–Bones
–Ligaments
–Tendons
–Cartilage
–Joints
Muscular System
• Function:
–Allows body to move
–Controls breathing
–Controls blood pressure and
heartbeat
–Controls digestion
Muscular System
• Major Parts:
–Muscles
• Skeletal
• Smooth
• Cardiac
Circulatory System
• Function:
–Delivers food and oxygen to the
body cells
–Carries carbon dioxide and other
waste products away from body
cells
Circulatory System
• Major Parts:
–Heart
–Arteries
–Capillaries
–Veins
Respiratory System
• Function:
–Gets oxygen into the body
–Removes carbon dioxide and water
from the body
Respiratory System
• Major Parts:
–Nose
–Throat
–Trachea
–Lungs
–Diaphragm
Nervous System
• Function:
–Receives and sends out information
about activities in the body
–Monitors and responds to changes
in the environment
Nervous System
• Major Parts:
–Brain
–Spinal cord
–Nerves
Digestive System
• Function:
–Breaks down food into simpler
substances for use by the body
Digestive System
• Major Parts:
– Mouth
– Esophagus
– Stomach
– Intestines
• Large
• Small
– Liver
– Pancreas
Excretory System
• Function:
–Provides a way for various wastes
to be removed from the body
Excretory System
• Major Parts:
–Kidneys
–Bladder
–Liver
–Skin
Immune System
• Function:
–Serves as the body’s defense
against disease causing organisms
Immune System
• Major Parts:
–Skin
–Mucus
–Cilia
–Blood cells
–Antibodies
Endocrine System
• Function:
–Consists of glands that produce
chemical messengers called
hormones
–Helps to regulate certain body
activities
Endocrine System
• Major Parts:
– Glands
• Hypothalamus
• Pituitary
• Thyroid
• Adrenals
• Ovaries
• Testes