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Cloud Computing
A Trend Taking Shape
Prof. Michael R. Lyu
Dept. Computer Science and Engineering
The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Dept. of Computer Sci. & Eng., The Chinese University of Hong Kong 1
What the buzzword is about
You may ask: Is cloud computing
• created by marketing people?? A new name of an
old and awful technology??
• a new technology focusing on higher-speed
computing??
• a new technology that can let you use more storage
capacity??
• a new concept that can help programmers?
maintainers?
Let’s see what it is via its economic drive
Dept. of Computer Sci. & Eng., The Chinese University of Hong Kong 2
Hosting computing systems
Server
CSE co. ltd.
Dept. of Computer Sci. & Eng., The Chinese University of Hong Kong 3
Hosting computing systems
CSE co. ltd.
Dept. of Computer Sci. & Eng., The Chinese University of Hong Kong 4
Hosting computing systems
CSE co. ltd.
Dept. of Computer Sci. & Eng., The Chinese University of Hong Kong 5
Hosting computing systems Most of the time
Peak hour
Waste of resource = waste of $
CSE co. ltd.
Dept. of Computer Sci. & Eng., The Chinese University of Hong Kong 6
Hosting computing systems
Waste of resource = waste of $
• You pay for the servers no matter whether you are
using them or not
– The money you spend to buy the hardware
– The salary for the maintainers
– The electricity (including that for air
conditioning)
– Other maintenance costs, e.g., repairing,
upgrading, renting a room for the servers.
CSE co. ltd.
Dept. of Computer Sci. & Eng., The Chinese University of Hong Kong 7
Hosting computing systems
How I I can provide a
So that wish this cloud
can really host the
scalable, on-demand
computing systems for
service.
me
Server
CSE co. ltd.
Dept. of Computer Sci. & Eng., The Chinese University of Hong Kong 8
When there is a dream, there is a market
I don’t have to care what
it is. I can just host my
services here.
• A lot of companies said: Sure!!! We can produce such a
cloud for you
– Microsoft, IBM, Google, Amazon, HP, Yahoo!, Intel..
• A lot of people do have done a lot of hard marketing
work
– Many more IT companies join and make the same promise
before they really know what the promise means technologically
– Try to define “cloud computing”
– Try to register “cloud computing” as a trademark
– Found many startups
Dept. of Computer Sci. & Eng., The Chinese University of Hong Kong 9
When there is a dream, there is a market
A recent reaction in the capital market
PE=Price per Share/Earning per Share
Dept. of Computer Sci. & Eng., The Chinese University of Hong Kong 10
When there is a dream, there is a market
Dept. of Computer Sci. & Eng., The Chinese University of Hong Kong 11
Cloud computing preliminaries
Computing System
User software, API
Application
OS, middleware Platform
hardware Infrastructure
Dept. of Computer Sci. & Eng., The Chinese University of Hong Kong 12
Cloud computing preliminaries
Three cloud computing stacks
A cloud user’s
own application
Application
A cloud user’s
own application SaaS: Software as a service
OS
and Platform
Infrastructure
PaaS: Platform as a service
Provided by the cloud
computing provider
IaaS: Infrastructure as a
service
Dept. of Computer Sci. & Eng., The Chinese University of Hong Kong 13
Pay as you go
The core of cloud computing is computing/storage
outsourcing
Out-sourcing is a great idea!!!
Pay as you go!!
vs
Pay for exactly what you’ve used
Cost Down!!!
Dept. of Computer Sci. & Eng., The Chinese University of Hong Kong 14
Outsourcing
Electronics industry
Brand Service Services for
vendor vendor end users
Cloud computing provider
Manufacturer
Manufacturing outsourcing Computing and storage outsourcing
Different manufacturing requirements in Different service requirements in
low season and high season different times
# of product lines # of servers
# of workers # of maintainers
OEM: original equipment manufacturer OSP: original service provider
ODM: original design manufacturer
Cost down!!! Cost down!!!
Dept. of Computer Sci. & Eng., The Chinese University of Hong Kong 15
Cloud computing v.s. Grid computing
Cloud computing is not just a new term for an old idea
• Grid computing
– Focus on let more than one computer coordinate to solve a
problem together
– Often include heterogeneous environments, i.e., computers
of different capacity, configuration, and even different OS.
– Business Model: projected-oriented
• Cloud computing
– An application doesn't access resources directly. It
accesses them through a service. Usually the service has
access to a large amount of physical resources, and can
dynamically allocate them on demand.
– Business Model: pay on a consumption basis
A cloud can use grid computing technique. But a grid is
not necessarily a cloud or part of a cloud.
Dept. of Computer Sci. & Eng., The Chinese University of Hong Kong 16
Cloud computing industry
Representative Providers
• Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)
• Google App Engine
• Microsoft's Windows Azure Platform
• Other small startups: Heroku & Engine Yard
Dept. of Computer Sci. & Eng., The Chinese University of Hong Kong 17
Conclusions
1. Cloud computing include IaaS, PaaS, SaaS.
2. Many commercial companies are behind it.
3. It enables a new software engineering paradigm which
emphasize service integration in massive software
architecture.
Dept. of Computer Sci. & Eng., The Chinese University of Hong Kong 18
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