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National statistics for manufacturing in Australia
The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) conducts a census of the manufacturing industry
every five years. The last ABS census on manufacturing in Australia was 2006 – 07. The
next census will be in 2011 – 12. Information is gathered using the Australian New Zealand
Standard Industrial Classification (ANZSIC) system which was updated in 2006.
Manufacturing is Division C and also includes Food Product Manufacturing, Beverage and
Tobacco Product Manufacturing and Wood Product Manufacturing. Data relating to these
latter sectors has been excluded where possible. Automotive Manufacturing has been
included. However the Automotive Retail, Service and Repair sector has not been included
at this stage. Information regarding the automotive industries can be found on the
Automotive page.
Employment
Employment data is released by the ABS quarterly (February, May, August and November).
May 2009 figures show manufacturing totalled 993,000 persons1. This was a decrease of
81,000 persons from February 2008.
Manufacturing employment
Feb 2008 - May 2009
1100.0
1080.0
1060.0
1040.0
Thousands
1020.0
1000.0
980.0
960.0
940.0
Jul-2008
Nov-2008
Dec-2008
Apr-2008
Jun-2008
Oct-2008
Jan-2009
Apr-2009
Mar-2008
Feb-2008
Aug-2008
Sep-2008
Feb-2009
Mar-2009
May-2008
May-2009
Source: ABS Labour Force May 2009
1
Australian Bureau of Statistics Labour Force May 2009
Manufacturing Skills Australia - Industry statistics as at September 2009 Page 1 of 13
The Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations (DEEWR) report,
‘Employment Outlook for Manufacturing’(no date), projects that employment within the
manufacturing industry will continue to decrease with a projected rate of fall of 1.2% per
annum over the next five years. This is significantly lower than the employment growth
projected for industry within Australia in general. Some sectors under MSA’s coverage have
an even lower projected growth, with Transport Equipment Manufacturing having the lowest
project growth (-3.4) of any sector in Manufacturing. Transport Equipment Manufacturing
includes the key areas of automotive manufacturing, ship and boat building and aircraft
manufacturing2.
Manufacturing - Projected Employment Growth
(% pa) to 2013-14
ALL INDUSTRIES 1.0
Food Product Manufacturing 0.5
Beverage, Tobacco Manufacturing 0.0
Basic Chemical, Chemical Manufacturing -0.2
Pulp, Paper, Converted Paper Mfg -1.2
Petroleum and Coal Product Manufacturing -1.2
Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing -1.2
Manufacturing -1.2
Non-Metallic Mineral Manufacturing -1.4
Primary Metal, Metal Product Manufacturing -1.4
Wood Product Manufacturing -1.4
Printing (incl Recorded Media) -1.8
Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing -1.8
Furniture and Other Manufacturing -2.3
Polymer, Rubber Product Manufacturing -2.8
Textile, Leather, Clothing, Footwear Mfg -3.1
Transport Equipment Manufacturing -3.4
-4.0 -3.5 -3.0 -2.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5
Source: http://www.skillsinfo.gov.au/skills - Industry Profiles/Future Growth by Industry
2
Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations Employment Outlook for Manufacturing
Manufacturing Skills Australia - Industry statistics as at September 2009 Page 2 of 13
The ageing of the workforce is an issue facing the manufacturing industry. In 2008 the
median age of workers within Manufacturing was 41. This is four years older than the median
age for all industries. Some sectors within MSA’s coverage had median ages that were up to
eight years higher than the All Industries median age3.
Manufacturing - Median Age in years - 2008
45 Petroleum and Coal Product Manufacturing
44 Textile, Leather, Clothing, Footwear Mfg
43 Basic Chemical, Chemical Manufacturing
43 Pulp, Paper, Converted Paper Mfg
43 Wood Product Manufacturing
42 Primary Metal, Metal Product Manufacturing
42 Polymer, Rubber Product Manufacturing
42 Printing (incl Recorded Media)
41 Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing
41 Manufacturing
40 Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing
40 Non-Metallic Mineral Manufacturing
40 Beverage, Tobacco Manufacturing
39 Furniture and Other Manufacturing
39 Transport Equipment Manufacturing
39 Food Product Manufacturing
37 ALL INDUSTRIES
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Source: http://www.skillsinfo.gov.au/skills Industry Profiles/Employment by Age
3
http://www.skillsinfo.gov.au/skills/IndustryProfiles/EmploymentbyAge
Manufacturing Skills Australia - Industry statistics as at September 2009 Page 3 of 13
Within the sectors under MSA’s coverage, there were 659,000 people employed. The
majority of persons were males who were employed full-time. Women made up less than
25% of the workforce with almost one third of women employed part-time.
Manufacturing industry (MSA coverage)
Employment by status May 2009
7%
17%
Males Full Time (464,000)
5%
Males Part Time (35,000)
Females Full Time
71% (112,000)
Females Part Time
(48,000)
The majority of the manufacturing workforce was employed in New South Wales and
Victoria.
Manufacturing industry
Employment by state May 2009
150
100
Thousands
Males Full Time (464,000)
Males Part Time (35,000)
50
Females Full Time (112,000)
Females Part Time (48,000)
0
Victoria
Tasmania
New South Wales
Queensland
Western Australia
South Australia
Australian Capital Territory
Northern Territory
State
Source: ABS Labour Force May 2009
Manufacturing Skills Australia - Industry statistics as at September 2009 Page 4 of 13
In 2007 the majority of people in the manufacturing workforce were employed in the
Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing sector (18%) followed by 13% in Transport
Equipment Manufacturing4.
Manufacturing industry
Employment by ANZSIC group May 2009
45
40
Textile, Leather, Clothing and
35 Footwear Manufacturing
Petroleum and Coal Product
Manufacturing
30
Basic Chemical and Chemical
Product Manufacturing
Thousands
25 Polymer Product and Rubber
Product Manufacturing
Non-Metallic Mineral Product
20 Manufacturing
Primary Metal and Metal Product
15 Manufacturing
Fabricated Metal Product
Manufacturing
10
Transport Equipment
Manufacturing
5 Machinery and Equipment
Manufacturing
Furniture and Other Manufacturing
0
Australian Capital Territory
Tasmania
New South Wales
Victoria
South Australia
Western Australia
Queensland
Northern Territory
Manufacturing, not further defined
ANZSIC group
Source: ABS Labour Force May 2009
* Employment data not available for some sectors / states
4
Australian Bureau of Statistics Manufacturing Industry 2006 - 07
Manufacturing Skills Australia - Industry statistics as at September 2009 Page 5 of 13
An issue facing the manufacturing industry is the ageing of the workforce. Approximately
65% of the manufacturing workforce is over 35. The median age is 41, four years higher than
the national median age for the whole of the workforce which is 375.
Manufacturing - Employed persons by age
compared to All Industries, annual average 2008 (% share of employment)
30
Median Age = 41 years
25.0
25 23.8
23.4
22.7
22.2
21.7
20
15
12.9 12.7
10.8
10 8.9
6.9
5.1
5
2.3
1.5
0
15-19 20-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65 and over
Manufacturing All Industries
Source: http://www.skillsinfo.gov.au/skills/ Industry Profiles/Workforce Ageing
5
http://www.skillsinfo.gov.au/skills/IndustryProfiles/WorkforceAgeing
Manufacturing Skills Australia - Industry statistics as at September 2009 Page 6 of 13
Skills and training
The Education and Work report is published by the ABS annually. The most recent edition of
Education and Work May 2008 was published in November 2008. Data published in the
Education and Work report is classified according to the Australian Standard Classification of
Education 2001 (ASCED). ASCED is structured into three different levels according to field of
education:
Broad fields which are the broadest categories of the classification
Narrow fields which are subdivisions of the broad fields, and
Detailed fields which are subdivisions of the narrow fields
The category within ASCED that is most relevant to Manufacturing is Broad Field 03 –
Engineering and Related Technologies. This field contains the Narrow Fields of:
0301 Manufacturing engineering and technology
0303 Process and resources engineering
0305 Automotive engineering and technology
0307 Mechanical and industrial engineering and technology
0313 Electrical and electronic engineering and technology
0315 Aerospace engineering and technology
0317 Maritime engineering and technology
0399 Other engineering and related technologies
Data published in Education and Work May 2008 is classified only in broad fields6. Within the
field of Engineering and Related Technologies, data is included also for the narrow fields of:
0309 Civil engineering
0311 Geomatic engineering
6
Australian Bureau of Statistics Australian Standard Classification of Education 2001
Manufacturing Skills Australia - Industry statistics as at September 2009 Page 7 of 13
In 2008, 47% of employees in the manufacturing industry did not have a qualification. This is
7% higher than the national average of 40% across all industries.
Manufacturing industry
Employment by level of qualification May 2008
Postgraduate Degree (21,900)
2% 1%
Graduate Diploma/ Graduate Certificate
11% (8,300)
7%
Bachelor Degree (115,000)
47%
25% Advanced Diploma/ Diploma (75,900)
Cert. III/IV (261,800)
Cert. I/II (52,800)
5%
Cert. not further defined (14,100)
2%
Without non-school qualification
Source:ABS Education and Work May 2008 (492,800)
Manufacturing is the third largest employer of apprentices and trainees after Construction
and Other Services. It employed just over 31,000 apprentices and trainees in May 2008
which was 17% of all apprentices and trainees7.
Apprentices by Industry
May 2008
17% Manufacturing (31,300)
9%
Construction (75,700)
22%
Wholesale and retail trade
(13,700)
40%
5%
Accommodation and food
7% services (10,300)
Other services (41,400)
Other (16,300)
Source:ABS Education and Work May 2008
7
Australian Bureau of Statistics Education and Work May 2008
Manufacturing Skills Australia - Industry statistics as at September 2009 Page 8 of 13
At the 2006 Census 26% of employees were technicians and tradespersons with another
20% classified as labourers8.
Manufacturing industry
Employment by occupation 2006
2% Managers (126,004)
Professionals (77,186)
20% 13%
8% Technicans and trades workers
(249,750)
Community and personal service
workers (5,824)
15% 26%
Clerical and administrative workers
(98,962)
Sales workers (48,245)
5% 10%
Machinery operators and drivers
(143,628)
Labourers (186,301)
1%
Inadequately described/Not stated
(16,120)
Source: ABS 2006 Census of Population and Housing
The manufacturing and automotive industries (excluding food, beverage, tobacco and wood
and paper products) are covered by the following thirteen Manufacturing Skills Australia
Training Packages (as listed on the National Training Information Service):
AUM08 Automotive Manufacturing
AUR05 Automotive Industry Retail, Service and Repair Training Package
LMF02 Furnishing Training Package
LMT07 Textiles, Clothing and Footwear Training Package
(MCM04 Competitive Manufacturing Training Package – superseded by MSA07)
MEA07 Aeroskills Training Package
MEM05 Metal and Engineering Training Package
MSA07 Manufacturing Training Package
MSL09 Laboratory Operations Training Package
PMA08 Chemical, Hydrocarbons and Refining
PMB07 Plastics, Rubber and Cablemaking Training Package
PMC04 Manufactured Mineral Products Training Package
(PML04 Laboratory Operations – superseded by MSL09 January 2010)
8
Australian Bureau of Statistics Census 2006
Manufacturing Skills Australia - Industry statistics as at September 2009 Page 9 of 13
The National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) collects data on
commencements and completions in vocational education qualifications via two instruments
– the National Apprentice and trainee collection and the National VET provider collection.
The National Apprentice and trainee collection includes data for all formally notified
apprentices and trainees attending either publicly funded or private RTOs. The National VET
provider collection only contains data from publicly funded institutions such as Technical and
Further Education (TAFE) colleges. Data is collected for the apprentice and trainee collection
quarterly and for the VET provider collection annually.
In 2008, 53,407 people commenced either an apprenticeship or traineeship in a qualification
from an MSA Training Package while 23,590 people completed either an apprenticeship or
traineeship in the same period. There were a total of 347,466 apprentices and trainees
undertaking qualifications from MSA’s Training Packages.9
Apprentices and trainees 2008
By Training Package
20000
18000
16000
14000
12000
Thousands
10000
Commencements
8000 Completions
6000
4000
2000
0
AUM AUR LMF LMT MCM MEA MEM MSA PMA PMB PMC PML
Training Package
Source: NCVER 2009 National Apprentice and trainee collection
9
National Centre for Vocational Education Research 2009 National Apprentice and trainee collection (unpublished)
Manufacturing Skills Australia - Industry statistics as at September 2009 Page 10 of 13
Over the same period, 139,123 people commenced one of MSA’s qualifications at a publicly
funded training provider and 24,608 people completed a qualification from an MSA Training
Package in 2008.10
Commencements and completions in publicly funded institutions
By Training Package 2008
70000
60000
50000
Thousands
40000
30000 Commencements
Completions
20000
10000
0
AUM AUR LMF LMT MCM MEA MEM MSA PMA PMB PMC PML
Training Package
Source: NCVER 2009 National VET provider collection
10
National Centre for Vocational Education and Research 2009 National VET provider collection (unpublished)
Manufacturing Skills Australia - Industry statistics as at September 2009 Page 11 of 13
Contribution to the economy
One measure of gross domestic product (GDP) is ‘Gross Value Added’. As at July 2009,
manufacturing (including food, beverage, timber and paper products) contributed almost
$107 billion (12%) to the value of the Australian economy, the second largest sectoral
contributor (the largest contributor being Property and Business Services)11.
Gross Value Added - all industries
July 2009
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing
($24,744 million)
Mining ($83,420 million)
Manufacturing ($106,724 million)
Electricity, Gas and Water Supply
($21,842 million)
Construction ($77,079 million)
2% 2% 3% 9%
5% Wholesale Trade ($49,032 million)
4% 7%
12%
Retail Trade ($58,905 million)
2%
14%
8%
5% Accommodation, Cafes and
9% 6% Restaurants ($20,525 million)
6%
Transport and Storage ($51,061
million)
3% 2% Communication Services ($26,373
million)
Finance and Insurance ($81,616
million)
Property and Business Services
($131,139 million)
Government Administration and
Defence ($40,708 million)
Education ($43, 681 million
Health and Community Services
($62,907 million)
Cultural and Recreational Services
($16,109 million)
Personal and Other Services
($19,867 million)
Source: ABS Australian Economic Indicators July 2009
11
Australian Bureau of Statistics Australian Economic Indicators July 2009
Manufacturing Skills Australia - Industry statistics as at September 2009 Page 12 of 13
The Primary Metals and Metal Products Manufacturing sector was the leading sector,
contributing $15 billion to the Australian economy in 2006 – 07. The second largest sector,
contributing over $10 billion, was Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing.
Manufacturing industry
Industry Value Added by sector 2006 - 07
Textile, Leather, Clothing and Footwear
Manufacturing ($2,771 million)
Petroleum and Coal Product
Manufacturing ($2,506 million)
4%
4%
Basic Chemical and Chemical Product
3% Manufacturing *excludes
16% 7% Pharmaceuticals ($5,010 million)
7% Polymer Product and Rubber Product
Manufacturing ($5,017 million)
9%
8% Non-Metallic Mineral Product
Manufacturing ($5,019 million)
5%
Primary Metal and Metal Product
14% Manufacturing ($15,158 million)
23%
Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing
($9,076 million)
Transport Equipment Manufacturing
*excluding Automotive Manufacturing
($3,187 million)
Automotive Manufacturing ($5,817
million)
Machinery and Equipment
Manufacturing ($10,538 million)
Furniture and Other Manufacturing
($2,358 million)
Source: ABS Manufacturing Industry 2006 - 2007
─ END ─
Manufacturing Skills Australia - Industry statistics as at September 2009 Page 13 of 13
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