Avian influenza Vitamins in animal nutrition

AVIAN INFLUENZA Vitamins in animal nutrition MVDr. Libor Kacbunda Lohmann-Animal Health Seminar of the VVS in Fujairah 21. November 2005 - UAE AVIAN INFLUENZA  Originator and display of the disease  Outbreaks in the past and current world Vitamins in animal nutrition situation  Risk for the people?  Preventive measurements  Procedures in case of the outbreak . Originator and display of the disease  HPA virus, Bird´s flu-classical pest of birds x not atypical pest/pseudopest/Newcastle disease which is more common and Vitamins in animal nutrition harmless for the human beings and in the European countries widely vaccinated  Described 100 years ago in Italy, in the meantime its serotypes found worldwide, most of them latent  Affects birds – pure avian disease! - highly contagious Originator and display of the disease  HxNx – serotypes (subtypes)  Hemaglutinines – 16 surface receptors Vitamins – 9 types  Neuraminidasein animal nutrition Originator and display of the disease  H1-16N1-9 – arbitrary combinable  BUT! – only combinations with Vitamins in animal nutrition H5 and H7 are potentially dangerous for birds (H9N2 spread on the Middle East)  H5N1-9, H7N1-9 subjects of reports to authorities in the EU Originator and display of the disease  Clinical symptoms – rapid decrease of water and food intake, downcast ness, pale comb Vitamins in animal nutrition and legs, morbidity and mortality near to 100 %  The most contagious infection for the poultry Originator and display of the disease  Virus is excluded via breath, excrements, blood and feather dust Vitamins in animal nutrition  Thermically untreated eggs and meat are source of the infection Outbreaks in the past and current world situation  The last epidemic in Europe in 2003 in NL (H7N7)  In the last 10 years in the whole Nothern America,    The most cases found in Vietnam, Thailand now Mexico, Chile, (Italy only low pathogenic subtype) Since 2004 in Russia Currently Asia (China, Vietnam, Thailand, Nothern Corea, Japan, Indonesia, Turkey, etc) Vitamins in animal nutrition Risk for the people?  Avian flu virus causes at the human mostly only conjunctivitis  But! The very close contact with infectious birds can cause typical flu disease at the Vitamins in animal nutrition human, sometimes with mortal course; WHO (14.11. 2005 – 129 cases of illness, 64 died) x Thousands died people in each European country on human flu each winter and spring!  Currently the for the human harmful H5N1 was/is not able to adapt himself properly and be able to be infectious from people to people Risk for the people?  History: several pandemic cases (1918 „Spanish flu“, 1968 HongKong, 1977 Russia) Vitamins in animal nutrition Risk for the people? Risk factors promoting the spreading of the virus:  Rearing in open farm houses Vitaminsand close contact with ill or in animal nutrition  Very frequent infectious animals  Transport of the people between continents  Moving of the wild birds during the year – backyards farming!  Poor bio security  Smuggling of fighting roosters Preventive measurements  Closed and modern farming system  Control of imports  Only commercial farmings Vitamins  High bio-securityin animal nutrition  Monitoring system  Vaccination? Preventive measurements Vaccination?  Vaccinated animals exclude virus! Vitamins in H5 or H7 nutrition  Vaccine has to have animalsubtype  Expensive at broilers Procedures in case of the outbreak Animals  1) Stamping out of the whole flock  2) Stamping out of the whole flock and vaccination in the surroundings  3) Full area vaccination Vitamins in animal nutrition  Animals-burying on the farm!  Suspected animals – stamping out, never transport Procedures in case of the outbreak People Protective cloths Neuramidase blockers (Tamiflu®):  works only if the virus is inside of the body – preventive administration not necessary  works also when administrated 48 hours after the outbreak of the illness Vitamins in animal nutrition Conclusions:  No panic necessary  Middle East lays in region with high risk of  Vitamins in animal nutrition outbreak of the avian influenza at birds Take preventive measurements