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Understanding Culture – The Sociology of Education
Specification Content for Unit 3, option 1
Definitions
Differential attainment, cultural deficits, formal socialisation, social control, equality of opportunity, social selection, vocationalism, formal and hidden
curricula, meritocracy, anti-school subculture, cultural deprivation, material deprivation, cultural capital, self fulfilling prophecy and vocational
education.
Patterns and Trends
Patterns and trends in educational achievement among different social groupings: social class, gender, ethnicity and locality.
Explanations
Traditional and recent sociological explanations /theories of patterns and trends in educational achievement among different social groupings including:
* Cultural explanations
* Social action explanations
* Material/structural explanations
Form of examination - Unit 3 - Understanding Culture
SOC3 20% 1½ hour Written Paper
One structured question to be answered from a choice of three: one on each of the options - Education; Health; Religion –
Each structured question relating to the themes of definitions, patterns, trends and explanations.
Examination level and title: Unit 3, option 1 Option title - Acquiring Culture, Education
We Suggested Key Independent
Lesson content Learning Activity Key Skills Key concepts
ek Resources studies/references learning
Social selection,
Introduction to education as topic
– relevance to society, reasons to Life chance
What is / are / ought to be study, Meritocracy
the function/s of Cultural capital Short survey
MAC 162 - 67
education? asking
Functionalist / Marxist / feminist / ICT 3.1 www.dfes.gov.uk Equality of opportunity Bowles and Gintis respondents what
1 New Right / postmodernist etc Vocationalism
C3.1 www.tes.co.uk the purpose of
What different types of Parental choice vs State education is,
schools/educational www.guardian.co.uk
Types of schooling Independent/ provision report back
institutions are there? maintained/ Primary / secondary / Role of LEA
further/ HE / private training
providers Government intervention
in education systems
Willis, Learning to
Teaching and learning Labour
What happens in schools?
Hidden curriculum Video clip: Opening minutes of 10 Sewell, Black
Pupil/ teacher relationships School as an agency of Non-participant
What subcultures exist things I hate about you Masculinities
formal socialisation and observation of a
within schools? Subcultures Jackson and 3 Rs classroom
social control
2 Link to ethnicity, gender, C 3.2 Blundell and Griffiths Sociology Willis, (preferably KS 3
Anti-school subculture
achievement etc since 1995 Vol 1 summary of Hey Mac an Ghaill, or younger)
How do processes within Socialisation within
schools affect Stereotyping, labelling, self- written up for
school setting Hey, The Company class
individuals? fulfilling prophecy, also MAC (192 – 197) She Keeps
streaming/setting – Interactionist
approaches Rosenthal and
Jacobson
2
Examination level and title: Unit 3, option 1 Option title - Acquiring Culture, Education
We Suggested Key Independent
Lesson content Learning Activity Key Skills Key concepts
ek Resources studies/references learning
How do schools transmit
femininity and Gender inequality
How does the experience of www.eoc.gov.uk Short discussion
masculinity? education differ for girls and Equality of opportunity essay
boys? C 3.3 http://www.statistics.gov.uk/ ONS
How can we explain Social selection
website Sue Sharpe, Lees, Mac
3 differential achievement Evidence of differential N 3.1 Formal and hidden Asking older
between boys and girls? attainment MAC (186 – 191) an Ghaill, Spender
N 3.3 curricula relatives about
Reasons for differential Worksheet based on analysis of their experiences
Gender socialisation
attainment statistics of education
(preparing for synoptic Uncertain masculinity
option on differentiation)
How do schools transmit
national and ethnic Racism in schools
MAC (180 – 185) Sewell
identities? Ethnocentrism
C 3.3 www.eoc.gov.uk – Equal Modood
How do we explain School policy Review materials
Opportunity Commission Cultural deprivation Bhatti Asian children
4 differential achievement Anti-racist education N 3.1 Create index
between ethnic groups? Worksheet based on analysis of Material deprivation at home and at school
Home/school factors N 3.3 cards
statistics Safia Mirza, Young
Relative ‘over’ achievement of Sociology Review articles Gifted and Black
(preparing for synoptic some ethnic groups
option on differentiation)
How do schools transmit
class identities?
How do we explain Marxist. Bowles and Gintis, MAC (174 – 179) Asking older
C 3.3 Cultural deprivation
differential achievement ideological state apparatus Eton College website Bourdieu, Boudon, relatives about
5 N 3.1 Material deprivation
between classes? Home/school Worksheets based on analysis of Bernstein their experiences
N 3.3 Cultural deficits of education
Cultural deprivation. statistics
(preparing for synoptic
option on wealth and
poverty)
3
Examination level and title: Unit 3, option 1 Option title - Acquiring Culture, Education
We Suggested Key Independent
Lesson content Learning Activity Key Skills Key concepts
ek Resources studies/references learning
Role of policy, ideology,
Historical overview 1870 –1979 pragmatism and economic
including Butler, comprehensives, factors in education Prepare for group
failure to abolish independents Market forces exercise making
How have political PS 3.1 political
decisions shaped Historical overview 1979 to Vocationalism Mc Beath and
decisions about
6 schooling? present including vocationalism, PS 3.2 MAC (168 – 173) Mortimore, Improving
Life long learning creating a new
National Curriculum, 1988 ERA, PS 3.3 School Effectiveness
Skills based curricula education system
increasing participation, for a newly
inclusivity etc Thatcherism and New created state.
Right
Blairism
Life long learning, Research recent
Competition, choice, league tables news items on the
What are the main http://www.guardian.co.uk/ Vocationalism Guardian
C2K, 14-19 Green Paper IT 3.2
7 features of the school Key skills Osler website. Choose
system today? Impact of new technologies on C 3.1 one and make
MAC (168 – 173) Meritocracy
teaching and learning notes for the rest
Examination systems of the class to use
What is the relationship
between education / Correspondence theory, Relationship
schooling and work / the vocationalism between higher
8 economy? MAC (198 – 201) New Vocationalism
Present and future of FE and HE, IT 3.1 education and
including participation Worksheet on impact of education Correspondence theory earnings research
What is the role of further and lifelong learning exercise
and higher education?
How does British
education compare to Include comparison with another
developed country (Germany?), IT 3.1
education in other Unesco website
9 countries? also education in underdeveloped N 3.1 Global overview Research exercise
countries, effects of educating Oxfam website
(preparing for synoptic N 3.3
girls on development
option on globalisation)
4
Examination level and title: Unit 3, option 1 Option title - Acquiring Culture, Education
We Suggested Key Independent
Lesson content Learning Activity Key Skills Key concepts
ek Resources studies/references learning
Education systems and
educational change C
Summative review of Cultural explanations N Create index
10 NGfL website See specification As above
module Social action explanations ICT cards
Material/structural explanations LP
C
Self assessment questions N
and examination See specification As above
techniques ICT
LP
Based on material and structure of:
McNeill, Blundell and Griffiths (2003) Sociology AS: The Complete Companion Cheltenham, Nelson Thorne
MAC (# - page numbers given) refers to the relevant sections of Moore, Aiken and Chapman (2005) Sociology AS for AQA London, Collins
5
