METACOGNITIVE STRATEGIES

							                CALLA LANGUAGE AND CONTENT
                    LEARNING STRATEGIES

   STRATEGY                             DESCRIPTION

                   METACOGNITIVE STRATEGIES

 Organize / Plan                        Before beginning a task:
                                        -Set goals.
                                        -Plan the task or content sequence.
                          Calendar      -Plan how to accomplish the task.
Monitor / Identify                       While working on a task:
   Problems                             -Check your progress on the task.
                                        -Check your comprehension as you use
                                        the language. Are you understanding? If
                           Check
                                        not, what is the problem?
                                        -Check your production as you use the
                                        language. Are you making sense? If not,
                                        what is the problem?
    Evaluate                            After completing a task:
                                        -Assess how well you have accomplished
                                        the learning task.
                                        -Assess how well you have used learning
                           I did it!
                                        strategies.
                                        -Decide how effective the strategies
                                        were.
                                        -Identify changes you will make the next
                                        time you have a similar task to do.
Manage Your Own         Pace Yourself   -Determine how you learn best.
   Learning                             -Arrange conditions that help you learn.
                                        -Seek opportunities for practice.
                                        -Focus your attention on the task.

                     TASK-BASED STRATEGIES


                      USE WHAT YOU KNOW

 Use Background                         -Think about and use what you already
   Knowledge                            know to help you do the task.
                                        - Make associations between new
                                        information and your prior knowledge.
                          I know.       -Use new information to clarify/modify
                                        your prior knowledge.




                                                                         1
Make Inferences                          -Use context and what you know to
                                         figure out meaning.
                                         -Read and listen between the lines.
                         Use Clues
                                         -Anticipate information to come.
                                         -Make logical guesses about what will
                                         happen.
Make Predictions
                                         -Make an estimate (math).
                        Crystal Ball     -Make a hypothesis (science).

   Personalize                           -Relate new concepts to your own life, to
                                         your experiences, knowledge, beliefs and
                                         feelings.


                            Me
 Transfer / Use                          -Apply your linguistic knowledge of
   Cognates                              other languages (including your native
                                         language) to the target language.
                                         -Recognize cognates.
                        House/House
   Substitute /                          -Think of a similar word or descriptive
   Paraphrase                            phrase for words you do not know in the
                                         target language.
                         Spare Tire


                     USE YOUR IMAGINATION

  Use Imagery                            -Use or create an image to understand
                                         and/or represent information.
                                         - Use your “mental tape recorder” to
                       Mirror, Mirror    remember sounds, words, phrases, and/or
                                         conversations.
Use Real Objects /                       --Act out and/or imagine yourself in
      Role                               different roles in the target language.
                                         -Manipulate real objects as you use the
      Play
                                         target language.
                       Lights, Camera,
                           Action!




                                                                           2
                USE YOUR ORGANIZATIONAL SKILLS

 Find/Apply Patterns                    -Apply a rule.
                                        -Make a rule.
                                        -Sound out and apply letter/sound rules.

                          Sound Out
   Group/Classify                       -Relate or categorize words or ideas
                                        according to attributes.

                          Sort Suits



     Use Graphic                        -Use or create visual representations
     Organizers/                        (such as Venn diagrams, time lines, and
                                        charts) of important relationships
     Take Notes
                                        between concepts.
                           Notepad      -Write down important words and main
                                        ideas while listening or reading.
                                        -List ideas to include in writing or
                                        speaking.
     Summarize                          -Create a mental, oral, or written
                                        summary of information.


                          Main Idea


Use Selective Attention                 -Focus on specific information,
                                        structures, key words, phrases, or ideas.

                          Look for It




                                                                            3
                       USE A VARIETY OF RESOURCES

  Access Information                                -Use the dictionary, the internet, and
       Sources                                      other reference materials.
                                                    -Seek out and use sources of information.
                               Read all about it!   -Follow a model
                                                    -Ask questions

       Cooperate                                    -Work with others to complete tasks,
                                                    build confidence, and give and receive
                                                    feedback.


                                   Together
     Talk Yourself                                  - Use your inner resources. Reduce your
      Through It                                    anxiety by reminding yourself of your
                                                    progress, the resources you have
      (Self-Talk)
                                                    available, and your goals.
                                  I can do it!




For more information and translations in various languages, contact nclrc@gwu.edu or
www.nclrc.org




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