CD

							What is CD/CM?

  When writing about
 literature, ALWAYS
    prove your point!

Use CD/CM to do that.
          CD
  •CD = Concrete Detail

•What does concrete mean?
Concrete Details INCLUDE
• Facts
• Evidence
• Illustrations
• Can Touch It
• Can Point to It
•Quotations
       Concrete Detail

• Use quotations and parentheses
  to give credit to the author.
• So, Give credit: Using Quotations
  & Citations
• Cite your source with last name
  and page number of the book.
              FOR EXAMPLE
       In The Outsiders, Ponyboy says, “I had
    almost decided that I dreamed the outside
    world and there was nothing real but baloney
    sandwiches and the civil war and the old
    church and the mist in the valley” (Hinton 79).


        …mist in the valley” (Hinton 79).


•    Note the punctuation.
     The period comes after the parenthesis.
            FOR EXAMPLE
     In The Outsiders, Ponyboy says, “I had
  almost decided that I dreamed the outside
  world and there was nothing real but baloney
  sandwiches and the civil war and the old
  church and the mist in the valley” (Hinton 79).


  …mist in the valley” (Hinton 79).


• Note the citation.
    There is NO punctuation inside the
parentheses.
            FOR EXAMPLE
     In The Outsiders, Ponyboy says, “I had
  almost decided that I dreamed the outside
  world and there was nothing real but baloney
  sandwiches and the civil war and the old
  church and the mist in the valley” (Hinton
  79).


    In The Outsiders, Ponyboy says,

• USE A LEAD-IN to introduce the writer
or speaker, followed by a comma.
                    Review
• CD’s need…
  – A lead in to introduce the writer or speaker.
           Guy de Maupassant writes,

  – Quotation marks WITHOUT punctuation
          Guy de Maupassant writes, “She sat waiting on
          a chair in her ball dress, without strength to
          go to bed, overwhelmed, without fire,
          without a thought”

  – A Citation.
           …without a thought” (Maupassant 4).
      CM
CM = Commentary
CM = Commentary
• Opinion
• Judgment
• Argument
• Guess
• Slant
• Assumption
• YOUR VOICE
• YOUR IDEAS
     Commentary

 Provide your INTERPRETATION
using your own VOICE, IDEAS, and
            OPINIONS.
              CM
• Should be interesting
• Should be insightful
• DO NOT state the obvious

• YOU ARE THE INTERPRETOR of
  the author’s message.
• YOU ARE THE COMMENTATOR
  CoMmentary
•This shows that…

•This means…

•This proves…
        Put it all together

 Guy de Maupassant writes, “She sat waiting on a
 chair in her ball dress, without strength to go to bed,
 overwhelmed, without fire, without a thought”
 (Maupassant 4). This shows that the protagonist is
 passive, unwilling to take action in order to change
 her fate or station in life.



– Lead-In, CD (Citation 3). CM