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U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
OFFICE OF CIVILIAN RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT
PRESENTATION TO
THE NUCLEAR WASTE TECHNICAL REVIEW BOARD
SUBJECT: AIR-PERMEABILITY TESTING -
R O L E OF F R A C T U R E S
PRESENTER: ROBERT C. TRAUTZ
PRESENTER'S TITLE
AND ORGANIZATION: HYDROLOGIST,
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
DENVER, COLORADO
PRESENTER'S.
TELEPHONE NUMBER: (303) 236-5308
DECEMBER 11-12, 1989
DETERMINATION OF UNSATURATED-ZONE
GAS PERMEABILITY AND POROSITY
OF FRACTURE NETWORKS
• REGULATORY CONCERNS
- RELEASE OF TRITIUM, CARBON-14, ETC.
- MOVEMENT OF WATER VAPOR AND ITS
IMPACT ON LIQUID WATER FLUX
e GAS-FLOW MECHANISMS
- B A R O M E T R I C P U M P I N G
- TOPOGRAPHIC RELIEF
- GEOTHERMAL GRADIENT
- HEAT LOADING CAUSED BY CANISTERS
- DIFFUSION
e IN SITU PNEUMATIC TESTING PROVIDES
P A R A M E T E R S FOR:
- GAS-FLOW MODELING
- TRANSIENT FRACTURE-FLOW MODELING NMUZRT5P.A23/12-11-89
GAS-FLOW EQUATIONS
v. v(p 2 -4c~ (1)
UNDERLYING ASSUMPTIONS:
1. FLUX OF ROCK GRAINS, qg, IS NEGLIGIBLE
2. IDEAL GAS LAW APPLIES
3. GAS EXPANDS ISOTHERMALLY
4. GRAVITY'S INFLUENCE IS NEGLIGIBLE
5. FLOW IS LAMINAR
6. Sg = 1.0
7. EXTERNAL LOAD ON ROCK IS CONSTANT
k,#, Cp and/3 = f(p)
NMUZRT5P.A23/t 2-11-89 2
RANGE OF VALUES OF COMPRESSIBILITY
COM P R E SSi B I LITY, ol
(m2/N OR Pa -~)
CLAY 10-6=10-8"
SAND 10-7=10-9"
GRAVEL 10-e.10-1o*
JOINTED ROCK 10 "e'10 "1°*
SOUND ROCK 10-9.10-11.
WATER ( ) 4.4 x 10 "~°*
GAS (/3 ) 10 .5-10"e
*FREEZE AND CHERRY (1979)
NMUZRT5P.A23/12-11-89 3
GAS-FLOW EQUATIONS
DIMENSIONLESS PARAMETERS
D I M E N S I O N L E S S T I M E - tD - , ~t
DIMENSIONLESS RADIUS --7, D --,T
IP~u~
DIMENSIONLESS PRESSURE - PD-
R A D I A L F L O W E Q U A T I O N IN D I M E N S I O N L E S S T E R M S
o o]-
rD ~D ~D (2)
NMUZRT5P.A23/12-11-89 4
TCURVE. BAT
MATCH TYPE CALCULATE AUTOMATED
DATA REDUCTION MAKE TYPE CURVES TO STORATIVITY CURVE
PROGRAM CURVES EXPERIMENTAL AND MATCHING
DATA VISUALLY PERMEABILITY
RPROG. FOR TMAKE.FOR AMATCH.FOR
TiViATCH.PAS CALC.FOR
NMUZRT5P.A23/12-11-89 5
SIMULATED DATA SET
(pf= 4.1E+05 Pa)
LOG10 (ELAPSED TIME(SEC)) 6.611
0.611
I I I I I I
- 11.495
1.000- - FINITE DIAMETER WELL SOLUTION
VAN EVERDINGEN AND HURST (1949) 1---~'-
r o = 1.0, c D = 0 . 0 . q~.~.~=-~-=-~~ A
13.
a
D. -
B
0
O.
O I
L~ f/ f1'~ / f-
/
u
O Q.
..J
0
I"=
/ 0
._1
r o = 1.0, c o = 5.0
/
-2.000 - - 8.495
I I I I I
-1.000 5.000
LOG10 (to/ro 2)
NMUZRT5P.A22/12-11-89 6
SIMULATED DATA SET
TRUE PERMEABILITY = .8000E-15 m 2
TRUE POROSITY (%) = 17.00
TYPE CURVE MATCHING
PERMEABILITY = .8046E=15 m2
POROSITY (%) = 18.24
NMUZRT5P.A23/12-11-89 7
BOREHOLE LOCATIONS
AT APACHE LEAP TUFF SITE, SUPERIOR, ARIZONA
0
KEY i! = INJECTION INTERVAL I
- GROUND SURFACE GUARD ZONE INTERVAL
-5 FRACTURE LOCATION LOCATION OF FLOW TEST
' INTERVAL LOCATION #N OBSERVATION ZONES
I.U
Z
m
-10 7
Cl
n-
O
O -15
O
N
,.,J
O -20
O
,..J
BOREHOLE Y2 BOREHOLE Z2
-25 I I I I I I I
m'
5 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25
LOCAL X COORDINATE (M)
NMUZRT5P A22/12-11-89 8
EXPERIMENTAL DATA FILE:
A:CFLOW8D.DIF
LOG10 (ELAPSED TIME(SEC))
0.958 7.958
I I I I I I
2.000 - -10.410
THEIS (1935)
~~1~ ~ w ~ ~_~_-~ ~ ...........
• WELL TEST DATA O4
O
m - ID..
|
m
m
D.
..J o
• ,,,,,f SPHERICAL FLOW
/
• • • • •OO . . . .
I
IiI •
_ O
._1
/
I
/
I
-3.000 - - 5.410
I I I I I I
-3.000 4.000
LOGIO (tD/rD2)
NMUZRT5P.A22/12-11-89 9
EXPERIMENTAL DATA FILE:
A:CFLOW8D.DIF
LOGIO (ELAPSED TIME(SEC)) 8.254
1.2: i4
I I I I I I
2.000 - - 10.993
T H E I S (1935)
a
t'~
WELL TEST DATA 0
Iy..
s
O -- /. s
s
|
1ff"
¢3
O
--i _
,~ SPHERICAL FLOW I"
m
o• I
I
I
0
I o B itl/I - _1
I
I
• /
it
• • 0 0 0 ~ I
-3.000 - - 5.993
I I I I I I
-3.000 4.000
LOG10 (to/rD 2)
NMUZRT5P.A22/12-11-89 10
RADIAL FLOW MODEL
PERMEABILITY = .3248E-1 m2
POROSITY (%) _
- 123.20
SPHERICAL FLOW MODEL
PERMEABILITY = .9767E-13 m 2
POROSITY (%) - 7.26
NMUZRT5P.A23/12-11-89 11
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