NASN Style Guide
NASN School Nurse
TITLE: Boldface, Caps Lowercase, and Center AUTHORS: Directly underneath Title Boldface, Caps Lowercase, and Center Example: Asthma and the Pregnant Adolescent By Marian Smithey, RN, BSN, MS, NCSN, Maryland • • No periods used in degrees and the like C.S.N. should read NCSN
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Example: World Health Organization (WHO) NASN need never be expanded Delete acronyms that are defined but never used again Explain acronyms in all tables and figures Do not explain abbreviations that are listed in Webster’s 10th as words: IQ, REM, ESP, AIDS, HIV, NADP, ACTH
Date and Time: • Spell out months in text; OK to abbreviate in tables: Jan., Feb., June • 1989 – 1996 • July 12, 1994 • 1950s • 11 p.m.; 8:32 a.m. Geography: • U.S., U.K. • Provide country for localities if other than United States • In text, spell out states: “in San Francisco, California,” • Use postal codes in parens if city is provided Example: (Cambridge, MA); (Washington, DC) Quotations: • Pull quotes: use quotation marks; text is italic • Pull quotes: … quoted text ends.” (Smithey, 2007) • Follow copy on ellipsis dots to begin and end pull quotes • In text quotations: “in-text quoted material ends” (p.11). • May include page number with source: As Abrams (1993, p.11) argues, “ quotation here.” • Follow copy on whether or not quotation begins with a capital letter Hyphenation Rules: • Run together the following prefixes with the word following: after, anti, bi, co, counter, equi, extra, infra, inter, intra, macro, mega, meta, micro, mid, mini, multi, non, over, post, pre, pro, pseudo, re, semi, socio, sub, super, supra, ultra, un, under • Do not permit doubled vowels (intra-abdominal) or tripled consonants (bell-like), but defer to Webster’s 10th (preempt); and retain hyphens for clarity as needed • Use an en dash in open compounds: pre-World War II • Use a hyphen for hyphenated compounds: non-weightbearing • Use an en dash between two units of equal weight: testretest reliability TECHNICAL STYLE: Number Style: • Use numerals for single-digit units of time, quantity, and distance and for all numbers 10 and above; 40 students, 1.6 m., 156 trials • Spell out numbers otherwise; six weeks • Spell out numbers and accompanying abbreviations when first words in sentence: “Sixteen milliliters…” • 0.03, but .03 if value cannot exceed 1 • 10 to 100 to 1,000 Units of Measure • Spell out units of time in running text: second, minute, hour, day, week, month year • 200x for magnification • 37°C
HEADS: Boldface, Caps Lowercase, and Flush Left INTERNAL STYLE: General Style: • Serial Comma Example: The professional school nurse is in a prime position to educate, to support, and to help monitor a student’s health condition as the pregnancy progresses. • American spelling used • “for example” in text; use “e.g.” • “that is” in text; use “i.e.” • Et al. • “versus” in text, use “vs.” • School-age children (not school-aged) th th • 4 -grade student; 4 grader (use numerals in this kind of construction • Cap after colon if sentence that follows is complete • In-text list designators: (a) text, (b) text, and (c) text; use semicolon separators if necessary • Display bulleted or numbered lists acceptable; format text with a capital letter to begin each individual bullet and a period to end each individual bullet, regardless of length (do this even for single words) Example: • Tower Hill School is a smoke-free campus. • All asbestos has been removed from the school campus. • The school has procedures for the clean and efficient operation of plumbing systems. Sources of Materials • Sources of materials: (Sigma Chemical Company, St. Louis, MO) • (Sigma) subsequently • Follow copy on usage of words such as Inc., Ltd., Co. Abbreviations and Acronyms: • Inc., Ltd., Co. • No periods used: PhD, MA, BSc • C.S.N should be NCSN • CPUs, CEs • OK to start sentence with abbreviation or acronym • Spell out acronym in abstract and the first time in text; use acronym thereafter
REFERENCES IN TEXT: General in-text reference style: • Follow APA style exactly • Author-year format, alphabetical, then chronological, by author • Use an ampersand in parentheses always; spell out “and” in text always • List 1 and 2 authors in text and parenthetically always • With 3-5 authors, cite all authors the first time; then use first author and et al. subsequently unless you can differentiate between groups by citing first two names • With 6 authors, list first author, then et al. • Delete year in second and subsequent citations of reference in same paragraph • If there is no author, give first few substantive words of title: (“Inpatient care, “ 1999) • OK to cite URLs in text without include the site in the reference; use general style http://www.kidspsych.org to style the addresses themselves • E-mail communications are cited just like personal communications Example: • Geiger (1990) and (Geiger, 1990) and (Geiger, 1990, 1992a) • Symington and Mackay (1996) and (Symington & Mackay, 1996) • (Merbitz, Grip, Halpar, & King, 1989; Merbitz, King, Bleiberg, & Grip, 1985) will subsequently be (Merbitz, Grip, et al., 1989; Merbitz, King, et al., 1985) • (Pfister et al., 1998) • (Pfister, Provenza, et al., 1997) • (Amdur, Maitland, & Parker, 1988; Bluma, Shearer, Frohman, & Hilliard, 1976; Edelstein & Berger, 1993; Sanderson & Scott, 1985a, 1996, Thronby et al., 1992b) • (Aristotle, trans. 1931); James (1890/1983) • (Maitland & Parker, 1088, p. 311) • (Sanderson, 1985, chap. 11) • (A.E. Kaplan, personal communications, April 12, 1998) • (see Amdur et al., 1997 for complete data) • (unpublished data); (data not shown) FIGURE AND TABLE CITATIONS IN TEXT: • Figure, Table spelled out always, in text and in parens • Tables and figures follow same rules • Figure 1; (Figure 1) • Figures 1 and 2; (Figure 1 and 2) • Figures 1-3; (Figures 1-3) • Use lowercase for references to other authors’ figures or tables: (see Sykes, 1997, Figure 3) REFERENCES: • Follow APA style exactly • Entitled References • If author listed is not a person, then no period is used before the date: ABC News (1996) • If author is not provided, alphabetize under first substantive word of title • Cap after colon or em dash for both book titles and journal article titles • Unpublished works permitted in reference listing • Include state’s postal code or the country to avoid confusion or if city is not well known: Cambridge, MA; Cambridge, U.K.
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The following U.S. cities stand alone: Baltimore, Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, New York, Philadelphia, San Francisco The following international cities stand alone: Amsterdam, Jerusalem, London, Milan, Moscow, Paris, Rome, Stockholm, Tokyo, Vienna List all authors; do not use “et al.”
Book: Adams, G.L. (1984). Comprehensive test of adaptive behavior. Columbus, OH: Charles D. Merrill. • Title (3rd ed.). • Title (Vol. 8). Article in book: Ulman, J.D., & Sulzer-Azaroff, B. (1975). Multielement baseline design in educational research. In E. Ramp & G. Semb (Eds.), Behavior analysis: Areas of research and application (pp. 371-391). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: PrenticeHall. Journal article, abstract, and in press: Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy Task Force (1982). The treatment of self-injurious behavior. Behavior Therapy, 13, 531-554. • Article Title [Abstract]. Journal • Article Title [Letter to the editor]. Journal • Follow copy on usage of issue numbers (include them if author does): Journal Title, 13(8), 113-119. • Journal Title (in press). • Journal titles are spelled out; if author abbreviates, spell out Thesis or dissertation: Vaughn, M. (1989). Rule-governed behavior analysis. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Missouri, Columbia Magazines and newspapers: Beauchamp, R.L. (2000, January 3). Early childhood intervention. Newsweek, 455, 34-35, 38. Are too many kids on Ritalin? (1999, September 11). The Washington Post, p. A2. Unpublished papers: McIntosh, D.N. (1993). Religion as schema, with implications for the relation between religion and coping. Manuscript submitted for publication. • Title. Manuscript in preparation. • Title. Unpublished manuscript. • Title. Unpublished manuscript, University of Kansas Internet citations: Jacobson, J.W., Mulick, J.A., & Schwartz, A.A. (1995). A history of facilitated communication: Science, pseudoscience, and antiscience: Science working group on facilitated communication. American Psychologist, 50, 750-765. Retrieved January 25, 2996 from the World Wide Web: http://www.apa.org/journals/jacobson.html Electronic reference formats recommended by the American Psychological Association. (1999, November 19). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Retrieved November 19, 1999 from the World Wide Web: http://www.apa.org/journals/webref.html • Note: no comma after the year (against in-text style) • No period at the end of URL • Provide http:// with URLS • Style World Wide Web as three words