Persistence of Community College Students who are Pell Grant Recipients
John Lee, JBL Associates 24th Annual Student Financial Aid Research Network Conference Portland, OR
Data from Achieving the Dream: Community Colleges Count
• Colleges selected because they enroll a
high proportion of minority students or Pell Grant recipients • These data are taken from 2003 • Based on 121,474 cases (65,847 full-time) • All data are from institutional records
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Achieving the Dream: Community Colleges Count
• Multiyear national initiative to help more
community college students succeed • Particularly concerned about student groups that traditionally have faced significant barriers to success, including students of color and low-income students
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Operational in the Following States
• • • • • • • •
Connecticut Florida New Mexico North Carolina Ohio Pennsylvania Texas Washington
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Percent of Students Receiving a Pell Grant
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 FT All Pell No Pell
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Percent of First-time Students Receiving a Pell Grant, by Major
50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Vocational/terminal General ed/liberal arts Undeclared FT All
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Percent of First-time Students Receiving a Pell Grant, by Age
60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Less than 25 25 or older FT All
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Percent of First-time Students Receiving a Pell Grant, by Gender
50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 FT All Male Female
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Percent of First-time Students Receiving a Pell Grant, by Race/Ethnicity
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 FT All
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Percent of Students Referred, by Developmental Index and Pell Receipt
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 or more No Pell Pell
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Accumulated Credits by Year for FT Students Continuously Enrolled
70 60
50
40
non- P e l l Pell
30
20
10
0 Y r. 1 Y r. 2 Y r. 3
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Cumulative GPA for FT Students Who Were Continuously Enrolled
2 .8 2 .7
2 .6
No P ell
2 .5
Pell
2 .4
2 .3
2 .2 Y r. 1 Y r. 2 Y r. 3
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Percent of FT Students Dropping Out, by Year
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 No Pell Pell
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Percent Who Drop out at Three Years, by Developmental Index
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 no referral
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No Pell Pell
1
2
3
4
5 or more
Total
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Summary
• Vocational students are more likely to
receive a Pell Grant than are general/liberal arts or undeclared majors • Full-time students 25 and older are more likely to receive a Pell Grant than are those under 25 • Males are more likely to receive a Pell Grant than females
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Summary (cont’d.)
• African American and Hispanic students are
• • •
more likely to receive a Pell Grant than are students from other ethnic/racial groups Pell recipients are more likely to have more extensive remedial needs than non-recipients No meaningful difference in cumulative units Pell recipients have a lower average GPA than non-recipients in the early years, but the difference disappears by year 3
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Summary (cont’d.)
• Pell recipients with fewer than three remedial
• •
referrals do as well as non-recipients Pell recipients with at least three referrals to remediation do less well than those with no Pell Grant. Pell recipients stay in college for two years before leaving at higher rates than nonrecipients in the third year
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For more information on Achieving the Dream http://www.achievingthedream.org
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John Lee JBL Associates, Inc jbl@jblassoc.com 301-654-5154
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