2.2- Indicative List of the Vegetal Species adapted to Ecological Zones
The following Table gives an indicative list of the vegetal species meeting the major criteria identified earlier herein. Species have been classified based on rainfall
N° 1 Species Acacia raddiana Savi / tortilis (Forsk.) Hayne Distribution Senegal, Mali, Niger, Chad, Sudan, Eritrea Ecology - 50 to 1000 mm, - sandy (anchored dunes), ferruginous, tropical soils, sandy silt, lateritic talus - 50 to 1000 mm - Sandy-argillous (consolidated dunes), argillous, rocky, stony soils - 100 to 800 mm, - arenaceous-loamy (fossil dunes), lightly loamy (depressions), lithosols - 100 to 1000 mm, - Deep, arenaceous-loamy (fossil dunes), argillous soils, river shores Uses Energy wood, lumber fodder tree, medication
2
Boscia senegalensis (Pers.) Lam. ex Poir. Acacia senegal L. (Willd.)
Senegal, Mali, Burkina, Niger, Chad, Soudan Senegal, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Chad, Soudan, Eritrea Senegal, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Cameroon, Sudan
Food, fodder, medication
3
Gum (food, medication, cosmetics) fodder, energy wood, lumber Lumber, Energy wood, lumber, fodder, food, medication, gum, tannins
4
5 6
Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Del. var. adansonii and var. tomentosa / scorpioides L. (A. Chev.) var. adstringens Schum Acacia mellifera Benth. Cadaba farinosa Forsk.
7 8 9
Cadaba glandulosa Forsk. Calotropis procera (Ait.) Ait. Capparis decidua (Forsk.) Edgew. Commiphora quadricincta Schweinf. Ficus ingens (Miq.) Miq. Ficus salicifolia Vahl Grewia flavescens Juss.
Nigeria, Chad, Soudan, Eritrea Senegal, Mali, Burkina, Niger, Cameroun, Chad, Sudan Burkina, Mali, Niger, Chad, Sudan Senegal, Mali, Burkina, Niger, Chad, Soudan Senegal, Mali, Burkina, Niger, Chad, Sudan Niger, Nigeria, Chad, Sudan, Eritrea Senegal, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Chad Niger, Chad, Sudan, Eritrea Senegal, Mali, Niger
10 11 12 13
14 15
Grewia tenax (Forsk.) Fiori Grewia villosa Willd.
Senegal, Mali, Niger, Sudan Niger
16
17 18 19 20 21 22
Leptadenia pyrotechnica (Forsk.) Decne. / spartium Wright. Maerua crassifolia Forsk. Maerua oblongiflora A. Rich. Maerua aethiopica Oliv. Salvadora persica L. Tamarix aphylla (L.) Karst. Tamarix senegalensis DC. / gallica L. Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. Acacia laeta R. Br.
Senegal, Mali, Niger, Chad, Sudan Senegal, Mali, Sudan Niger, Chad, Sudan, Niger, Chad, Sudan Senegal, Mali, Niger, Chad Sudan, Senegal, Niger
- 250 to 500 mm - Argillous soils - 250 to 500 mm - Sandy soils (consolidated dunes), rocky, pool shores - 250 to 500 mm - Stony soils - 250 to 500 mm - Degraded soils - 250 to 500 mm - Sandy soils, river shores and pool shores - 250 to 500 mm - Sandy, argillous and lateritic soils - 250 to 500 mm - Spring rocks, - 250 to 500 mm - Mountain rocks - 250 to 500 mm - Pool shores, sandy, argillous, stony and lateritic soils - 250 to 500 mm - Rocky, argillous soils, pool shores - 250 to 500 mm - Sandy, rocky, stony, hardpan soils, river shores - 250 to 500 mm - Sandy soils, dunes - 250 to 500 mm - Sandy soils, dunes - 250 to 500 mm - Sandy soils, dunes - 250 to 500 mm - Sandy soils, dunes - 250 to 500 mm - River, lake and pool shores - 250 to 500 mm - Temporary water points - 250 to 500 mm - Sandy (dunes), salty soils, brackish depressions, river shores - 250 to 500 mm - Sandy, rocky soils, river shores - 250 to 750 mm, - arenaceous-argillous, rocky and
Fodderlumber, energy wood Energy wood, food, fodder, medication fodder medication, fibers, fodder medication, fodder
medication,
medication, food, fodder
Fodder, food Fodder, medication, food, lumber Medication, fodder log fender, food Fodder, lumber, fruits, medication, food
lumber, kitchen salt, medication
Medication
23 24
Senegal, Mali, Niger, Burkina, Chad, Cameroon Mali, Burkina, Niger, Nigeria, Chad, Sudan,
Edible fruits, medication Gum, fodder, lumber, energy wood
8
25
Combretum aculeatum Vent.
Eritrea Senegal, Mali, Burkina, Niger, Chad, Sudan, Eritrea Senegal, Mali, Burkina, Niger, Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Soudan, Eritrea Senegal, Mali, Burkina, Niger, Nigeria, Chad, Sudan, Eritrea Senegal, Mali, Niger
26
Commiphora africana (A. Rich.) Engl. Cordia gharaf (Forsk.) Ehrenb. Grewia bicolor Juss.
stony soils - 250 to 800 mm - Sandy, argillous, stony soils on termites’ nest - 250 to 800 mm - Sandy, argillous and lateritic soils - 250 to 800 mm - Rocky soils, river shores - 250 to 800 mm - Pool shores, sandy, stony and lateritic soils - 250 to 800 mm - Sandy soils, dunes - 250 to 800 mm - Sandy and rocky soils, river shores - 250 to 1000 mm, - Argillous and stony soils, floodable depressions liable to flooding - 250 to1000 mm, - Great ecological amplitude, sandy, stony, argillous, alluvial soils, pool shores - 250 to 1000 mm - Rocky, lateritic and argillous soils, pool shores - 250 to 1000 mm - Coarse-textured soils - 300 to 400 mm, - Sandy and argillous soils - Silt soils
Energy wood, food, fodder, medication Lumber, energy wood, fodder, food, medication, insecticide
27
28
Medication, fodder, food, lumber, energy wood Food lumber, fodder, medication
29 30
Maerua angolensis DC. Ziziphus nummularia (Burm.) Wight et Arn. Acacia seyal Del. / stenocarpa Hochst. Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del.
Senegal, Mali, Sudan, Eritrea Mali
31
32
Senegal, Mali, Burkina, Niger, Nigeria, Cameroon, Sudan Senegal, Mali, Burkina, Niger, Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Sudan Senegal, Mali, Burkina, Niger, Nigeria, Chad, Sudan Niger, Chad, Sudan, Eritrea
Fodder, gum, energy wood, lumber, medication Energy wood, lumber, fodder, food, medication
33
Boscia angustifolia A. Rich.
Energy wood, lumber, fodder, food, medication Energy wood, fodder, food Fodder
34 35
Boscia salicifolia Oliv.
36 37
Acacia Ehrenbergiana Niger, Chad, Cameroon, Hayne / flava (Forsk.) Sudan Schwfth. Acacia hebecladoides Hams. Chad, Nigeria, Northern Cameroon Rhus oxyacantha Cav. Niger
Sources : 1. 2. 3. 4. AUBREVILLE, A. 1950. Flore Forestière Soudano-Guinéenne. A.O.F. - Cameroun - A.E.F. ORSTOM, 523 p. WHITE, F. 1986. La végétation de l’Afrique. Thesis accompanying the vegetation map of Africa. UNESCO/AETFAT/UNSO. ORSTOM – UNESCO, 384 p. Von Maydell, H.-J. 1990. Arbres et arbustes du Sahel. Leurs caractéristiques et leurs utilisations. Verlag Josef Margraf, 531 p. Thulin M. 1993. Flora of Somalia. Vol. 1., Royal Botanical Garden Kew, 493 p.
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