Seminar on Blu-ray Disc
October 11, 2008 Er. Rajesh Kumar
M.Tech (ECE)
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Evolution
VHS: analog DVD: digital BD: high-definition Enables recording, rewriting, and playback of highdefinition video Capable of storing information that the DVD and CD are not capable of holding
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
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Foundation
Blu-ray disc (BD) is appropriately named after the blue laser used to write the data The first blue laser was developed in 1996 by Shuji Nakamura (Nichia Corporation) In 2002, an alliance was formed, called the Blu-ray Disc Association, including the likes of Sony, Samsung, Sharp, HewlettPackard, and Royal Phillips The “e” is intentionally left out of the name due to trademark restrictions
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Disc Characteristics
Single layer: 25 GB Dual layer: 50 GB Diameter: 120 mm Thickness: 1.2 mm Center hole diameter: 15 mm Uses GaN laser of wavelength 400 nm The smaller laser, compared to the DVD and CD, keeps the process more efficient (~5 mW)
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper” 4
Disc Characteristics(conti.)
The power conservation allows the development of multi-layer platforms and highspeed recording. BD-ROM: read-only format. BD-R and BD-RE: recordable formats (RE: rewritable; R: recordable once)
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper” 5
Disc Characteristics
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
Numerical Aperature measures the ability of a lens to gather and focus light. As the numerical aperture increases, the focusing power increases and the beam size decreases. Phase change implies that the disc section is either an amorphous or crystalline state. The reflectivity changes accordingly thus representing a binary bit.
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Comparison: CD, DVD & Blu-ray Disc
Due to the fact that the data layer on a Blu-ray Disc is placed much “closer” to the laser lens than in DVD , there is less distortion resulting in significantly improved tolerances. Hence, more precision and ultra high storage densities are made possible.
Courtesy 7
Recorder Characteristics
Over two hours of HDTV can be placed on a single layer BD, which correlates to over 13 hours for standard TV. The transfer rate is 36 megabits per second. At 1x speed, it takes approximately 1.5 hours to record an entire single layer BD. Recorder Cost: $1,500 - $2,500; BD Cost: $26. BD’s are commercially available in the U.S. since 2006.
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Capacity Comparison
“Courtesy: How Stuff Works”
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Compatibility
This issue has introduced a competitor, the HD-DVD, that based its technology around being compatible with the DVD. Recently the BDA has developed recorders that are BD/DVD/CD compatible. JVC has advanced the BD by developing a BD/DVD combo disc that stores both DVD and BD data. It is composed of two DVD layers and a third BD layer storing 33.5 GB total.
Courtesy
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Protection System
HDTV contains a copyright bit that is detected by the BD recorder. If the broadcast has no copyright bit, then the BD recorder is allowed to store the information. Uses the Data Encryption Standard (DES) that has a key length of 56 bits. A Key Block and Disc ID are written into the ROM area to prevent illegal copying.
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Enhancements
Error rates increased in reading and writing after the original BD suffered scratches and fingerprints. For protection, the prototype BD was enclosed in a case. The case increased the size of the disc drive.
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper” 12
Enhancements(conti.)
A hard coat was derived of an ultravioletcurable resin that has a scratch resistance similar to the DVD. An artificial fingerprint reagent is placed on the disc surface to resist fingerprint oils.
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper” 13
Features of BLU-RAY Disc ------------------------------------
MANUFACTURING
RECORDING
PLAY BACK
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Manufacturing
* BD Cover Manufacturing Process
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
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Recording & Playback
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
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Address Format
*Using Groove Wobbles
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
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Write pulse waveform
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
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Write strategy
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
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CODING FOR BD OPTICAL RECORDING
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
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Modulation code and error correcting code
FOR DIGITAL STORAGE SYSTEM
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
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Error distributions
For 50GB Capacity
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
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Future
Expect the BD to become more prevalent once the HDTV market establishes its presence.
Audio and video will reach higher qualities with larger storage space. Look for BD with more than two layers as the technology is further refined.
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Future(conti.)
Sony has made the Disc with size 200GB already. Pioneer announced on August 5, 2008 , that they have got success in making BD with increased Disc Size of 500GB.
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Commercial Market
Blu-ray drives
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
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Blu-ray Media
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
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Blu-ray Recorders
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
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Bibliography
http://www.digitaljournal.com/article/254136 http://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=1616, http://www.docstoc.com/docs/424938/White-paper-GeneralBlu-ray-Disc-Format http://allfreedownloadlinks.com/free-softwares/freemultimedia-software/blu-ray- to-dvd-pro-v120/ http://reviews.cnet.com/1770-9991_7-0.html?query= blu+ray+disc&searchtype=products&tag=ltcol;narrow http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blu-ray_Disc# Technical_specifications http://www.thefreelibrary.com/_/search/Search.aspx? SearchBy=0&Word=blu+ray+disc&By=0
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END OF THE SLIDE SHOW
ANY QUERY PLEASE ??????
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THANKS
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