Mwamadzingo Trade Unions Functions and Impacts

							SACU Trade Union Training Workshop, Piggs Peak,
Swaziland, 5-8 December 2006

ILO’s Decent Work
Country
Programming: new
approaches to ILO programming
Presentation by:
Mohammed Mwamadzingo, Ph.D.,
Regional Specialist on Workers’ Education,
ILO Office Pretoria, South Africa.

Wednesday, 6 December 2006
Country programming

 National development ‟visions‟, plans, and
 programmes
 Joint exercises involving development
 partners and recipients
 Different frameworks
 Need for alignment and partnership
 National governments should take the lead in
 coordinating development partners‟
 contribution
Decent Work Country Programmes
• “The overall goal of the ILO is decent work for
  women and men in all countries… Decent work
  country programmes put ILO‟s knowledge,
  instruments and advocacy at the service of our
  tripartite constituents to advance the decent
  work agenda within the fields of competence of
  the Organisation”
  ILO Director General‟s Circular No. 599 (20 May 2004)
DWCPs (cont.)
• Field driven :designed and implemented by
  Field Offices
• Official guidance on DWCP: DG circulars 598 &
  599
• Field Offices can obtain support from other ILO
  units to country programmes
• Joint evaluation
DWCPs (cont.)
• Contributing to national development plans
• Time-bound and resourced programmes: tools
  for effective decentralisation of responsibility
• Providing a coherent framework of action
• Applying a results-based management
  approach
• Promoting tripartism and social dialogue as
  means of functioning
• Gender-sensitive
DWCPs (cont.)
• The process

    NDP              1. Scoping
   UNDAF                       6. Monitoring and Evaluation
    CCA
  ILO SPF
                  2. Agreeing on the
                                                5.
            Priority Areas of Co-operation
                                          Implementation


                    3. Design :
                   outcomes and          4. Approval
                     resources
DWCPs (cont.)
• Programme content: 6 elements
  – Problem(s) to be addressed
  – Past cooperation and lessons learned
  – Priority area(s) of cooperation
  – Intended medium-term and short-term
    outcome(s)
  – Implementation plan, including outputs,
    activities and resources
  – Performance monitoring and evaluation
    arrangements
Example 1: PRSP in Tanzania
• Prior 2003
  – Trade unions not invited to participate in PRSP
    Development during 2000
  – Trade unions did not participate in reviewing
    PRSP September 2001
  – No trade union participated and contributed in
    any way at all in the PRSP evaluation process
    within and outside the formal structure during the
    consultative meetings
       Environment of mutual mistrust
       Poor conception of trade union roles
       Absence of appropriate structures for trade union participation
       Inadequate capacity at trade unions
Example 1: PRSP in Tanzania
• The process after 2003
  – The end of the first phase PRSP in 2003 and
    the beginning of revision was marked by the
    production of a major nationally-produced
    report
  – Wide circulation of the revised PRSP proved
    important to ensuring the broadest
    understanding of the latest information on
    trends in poverty
  – Following the production and dissemination
    of the national analytical report, the
Example 1: PRSP in Tanzania
•   The process after 2003
    – The ILO engagement in the processes was strong in
       Tanzania because of the presence of an office and staff. ILO
       Constituents were invited to PRSP discussions helped by the
       more structured processes than those for the preparation of
       the first PRSP.
•   Lesson learnt
    – Setting clear guidelines and frameworks for stakeholders
       use in preparing written inputs can help both the consultative
       and the synthesis processes.
    – Technical support for working groups can help to improve
       their policy analysis, planning and budgeting.
    – Transforming the large number of stakeholder
       submissions into a coherent and affordable strategy is
       challenging and some stakeholders will, no doubt, feel that
       inadequate attention to their issues of concern are given in
       the final PRSP document.
Example 2: DWCP in Zimbabwe
• DWCP is an embodiment of outcomes and
  outputs which forms the basis of ILO work in
  Zimbabwe
• The success of DWCP Zimbabwe will be
  measured at the end of the 2006-07 biennium
• CWCP Zimbabwe is in line with the country‟s
  national development plans, country
  programming and the MDGs
Example 2: DWCP in Zimbabwe
• The lengthy process
  – Preliminary study by independent consultant
  – ILO/SRO Harare organised small teams that
    met with all the stakeholders in October and
    November 2005
  – Aim of the meetings was to tease out national
    priorities that will eventually be financed and
    supported by Zimbabwe‟s development
    partners
  – 14 consultative meetings held with various
    stakeholders: 10 government ministries,
Example 2: DWCP in Zimbabwe
• The final document
  – A meeting of all stakeholders was held on 14
    December 2005 to discuss the draft decent
    work outline
  – The stakeholders agreed on main country
    priorities for Zimbabwe on which the DWCP-
    Zimbabwe will be based:
     • - Poverty reduction through employment creation;
     •   - Social Protection and Reduction of the impact of HIV
         and AIDS at the workplace; and
     •   - Upholding and strengthening of social dialogue
         and tripartite consultation.
Example 3: Towards a DWCP in
South Africa
• The South African positive context
  – Modern, well-diversified economy in which
    agriculture, mining and manufacturing
    contribute significantly to the national wealth
  – The largest economy in Africa
  – Impressive economic growth since 2003
• But …
  – Main challenges facing the South African
    economy are poverty, inequality,
    unemployment and access to basic services.
    Income distribution in South Africa is highly
Example 3: Towards a DWCP in
South Africa
• But …
  – Depending on various definitions,
    unemployment in South Africa is estimated to
    be somewhere between 26.5 – 40.5 percent
    as of March 2005
  – The employment challenge is complicated,
    inter alia, by the gap between
    education/training and the skills needed by
    the labour market; an influx of migrant
    workers (both legal and illegal); low levels of
    education (40% of population is illiterate).
  – Structural constraints, such as the „dualism‟
    in the labour market associated with the past
Example 3: Towards a DWCP in
South Africa
• Towards a DWCP for South Africa
  – ILO Office in Pretoria is proposing a two-step
    prong towards developing a DWCP for South
    Africa. The first step shall comprise of a multi-
    disciplinary brainstorming workshop composed
    of ILO officials in the field and in Headquarters.
    The aim of this step is to have an internal but a
    common understanding of the dynamics and
    approaches towards social and economic policy
    framework for South Africa. The intended
    outcome of this step is to strategically integrate
    existing development agenda for South Africa
    within the ILO‟s Decent Work Agenda.
  – The second step shall be present the outcome of
Example 3: Towards a DWCP in
South Africa
Expected output of DWCP for South Africa
   “the practical way forward in contributing to
      addressing the second economy, poverty
         alleviation and (youth) employment
             opportunities in South Africa”
Thank you for your attention