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Draft
Strategic Plan
For
Improving the
Reproductive Health of Young
Adults and Adolescents
In
Edo State
Nigeria.
Table of contents
i) Foreword
ii) Acknowledgement
iii) Acronyms
iv) Executive summary
v) Mission and Vision
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Goal and objectives
Chapter 3 Strategies
Chapter 4 Outcome indicators of strategic plan
Chapter 5 Strategic framework
Chapter 6 Conclusions
Appendix
References
List of participants
Foreword
Young adults and Adolescents constitute a special group of individuals with peculiar Reproductive Health needs. Unfortunately, there have been serious constraints in meeting
these needs. One major drawback has been the dearth of material and human resources.
Now, more people have come to realize that promoting the reproductive health of young people would enable us build a solid foundation for a stable and better tomorrow. In
particular, equipping young people with information and service will enable them make good decisions and therefore act in their own best interest. This will not only protect the
adolescents themselves but also the future of a state.
Unfortunately, many young people in Edo state lack. information and services that will help them achieve their life goals, remain healthy, prevent unwanted pregnancies, avoid
unsafe abortions and sexually transmitted diseases including HIV/AIDS.
Therefore, all stakeholders including government agencies, parents, teachers, policy makers, community heads, religious leaders are expected to nurture, support, guide and assist
young people by providing the enabling environment needed to make them achieve a healthy and qualitative reproductive health lifestyle.
The formation of the Young Adult and Adolescent Reproductive Health network in Edo state is a welcome development. For the first time, Civil Society Organizations worked
together to develop a strategic framework for ARH with the full participation, involvement and contributions of all stakeholders including young people.
This strategic framework emphasises the key areas of focus in planning for the reproductive health of young people in Edo state. I am especially thrilled by the fact that the plan
was developed based on evidence collated during the baseline survey of the reproductive health profile of young adults and adolescents in Edo State.
I wish to commend all those who have participated in one way or the other in the process that resulted in this wonderful document especially the Women's Health and Action
Research Centre for leading fellow NGOs in developing this document and the Policy Project Nigeria for providing the financial and technical support.
I reaffirm my commitment and that of the Edo state Government and Edo People to the support of this plan.
Chief Lucky N. Igbinedion
Executive Governor. Edo State.
Acknowledgement
The Young Adult and Adolescent Reproductive Health (YAARH) network, Edo State is sincerely grateful to all those who worked with us in one-way or the other to ensure the
development of this document.
First we are grateful to Policy Project, Abuja for their financial and technical support during the course of this project. Our gratitude also goes to the Women's Health and Action
Research Centre (WHARC) for pioneering this project in Edo State. Once again, WHARC has exhibited her tremendous potentials in dealing with reproductive health issues
especially as it affects young people.
Our thanks also goes to all the State government agencies, (Ministry of Health, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Women Affairs and Social Development, Ministry of Youth and
Sports, Ministry of Information, Ministry of Justice), the leadership of the Edo State House Of Assembly as well as other potitcians, Chairmen of Etsako West , Egor, Oredo Local
Government Areas, religious organisations, traditional institutions and all members of the YAARH network who contributed in making this document a reality.
Worthy of mention is the 7 -member strategic plan drafting committee who tirelessly worked on producing the first drafts of the strategic plan.
Finally, we thank the Edo State Government for creating the enabling environment for the development of this document
Dr. Mrs. Nosa Aladeselu
Chairperson, YAARH.
Acronyms
AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
ANCOPPS All Nigerian Conference Of Principals of Public Schools
ARH Adolescent Reproductive Health
ASRH Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
AYFS Adolescent Youth Friendly Services
CBO Community Based Organizations
COSSTS Conference Of Secondary School Teachers
CSOs Civil Society Organisations
FGC Female Genital Cutting
FGD Focus Group Discussions
FLE Family Health Education
HEAP HIV/AIDS Emergency Action Plan
HIV Human Immune-deficiency Virus
ICPD International Conference on, Population and Development
IEC Information Education and Communication
LGAs Local Government Areas
LPS Life planning Skills
M&E Monitoring and Evaluation
MIS Management Information Systems
NAPEP National Poverty Eradication Programme
NDDC Niger Delta Development Commission
NDE National Directorate of Employment
NDHS National Demographic Health Surveys
NFEC Non-Formal Education Centre
NGO Non Governmental Organizations
PAC Post Abortion Care
PTA Parents Teachers Association
RH Reproductive Health
RHSP Reproductive Health Service Providers
SMOE State Ministry Of Education
SMOH State Ministry Of Health
SMOJ State Ministry Of Justice
SMOYS State Ministry of Youths And Sports
SMWASD State Ministry of Women Affairs and Social Development
SPHCDA State Primary Health Care Development Agency
SRH Sexual Reproductive Health
STD Sexually Transmitted Diseases
SWOT Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats
VCCT Voluntary Counselling and Confidential Testing
YAA Young Adults and Adolescent
YAARH Young Adults and Adolescents Reproductive Health
...“Youths are the foundation of a society. Their energy, inventiveness, character and
orientation define the pace of development and the security of a nation. Through
their creative talents and labour power, a nation makes giant strides in economic
development and socio political attainments. In their dreams and hopes a nation
founds her motivation; on their energies she builds her vitality and purpose. And
because of their dreams and aspirations, the future of a nation is assured”....
-Chief Olusegun Obasanjo
President, Commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces Federal Republic of Nigeria
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Edo state is one of the six states in the south-south geopolitical zones of Nigeria. Its young adult and adolescents population make up about 40% of its total population, making
Edo State one of the states with the highest concentrations of young people in Nigeria.
Our recent survey reports have shown that the state has some of the most daunting sexual and reproductive health problems affecting young people in the country. For instance,
the state has one of the highest rates of international sex trafficking, unwanted pregnancy, unsafe abortion and sexually transmitted diseases among young people in Nigeria. We
also identified. a number of factors as responsible for this poor reproductive health status of young people in Edo state. These include, inadequate political will for implementing
ARH programme, poor ARH information and services, various socio-cultural and traditional barriers to ARH as well as poor funding of ARH programmes and activities .
In response to these concerns, young adults and adolescents in Edo state are beginning to exhibit improved reproductive health behaviours, attributable in part to the activities of
the various NGOs working in ARH in the state. We found evidence that indicates that half of 15-24year olds in the state are not yet sexually active and that, the age at first sexual
exposure is higher than the national average being 16years for boys and 16.8years for females in Edo State (National Average). For those engaged in sex, there is now an
increasing incidence of contraceptive use especially condoms. This action being motivated by dual concerns about STD/HIV/AIDS and pregnancy prevention.
These findings provided us with the requisite motivation to develop a strategic plan that will focus on improving the RH status of young adults and adolescents in the State while
at the same time encouraging the participation of all relevant stakeholders like politicians, governmental agencies including the Ministries of Health, Education, Youth and Sports,
Women Affairs and Social Development, Justice, NGOs, CBOs, traditional rulers, religious organizations, community leaders and of course youths themselves.
Our primary goal for developing this strategic plan is to facilitate collaborative, cost effective and sustainable interventions that will improve the reproductive health, rights and
quality of life of Young adult and adolescents in Edo State.
This 5-year strategic plan was developed by the Young Adult and Adolescent Reproductive Health (YAARH) Network in Edo State. The plan was developed using results
collated during our baseline survey of the reproductive health status of Young Adults and Adolescents in the state. The network was formed in January 2001 as an advocacy
network of NGOs and individuals who share a common vision about improving the reproductive health profile of young adults and adolescents in Edo state.
In developing this strategic plan, we prioritised the major sexual and reproductive health issues that we identified during our baseline survey of the RH profile of YAA in Edo
State. These include
• High rates of unplanned pregnancies and unsafe abortions
• High rates of sex trafficking and prostitution
• High rates of STD/HIV/AIDS
• Poor health seeking behaviour of youths
• High levels of youth unemployment,
• High prevalence of female circumcision
• Irregular use of contraceptives
• Poor knowledge of existing laws on RH
• Breakdown of parent-child communications,
In addition, the document outlined strategies that will be employed in addressing these issues as well as interventions that will target specific YAARH problems and
subpopulations. The plan also includes identified resource requirements, a monitoring and evaluation plan that would guide progress in implementing the plan as well as an
estimated total budget of N225,000,000.00.
Furthermore, the plan is structured to encourage both public and private participation. It will serve as a guide for stakeholders to adapt to their contexts and raise resources for all
or specific activities and their implementation.
The development of this strategic plan is our contribution to an improved reproductive health and quality of life for the Young Adults and Adolescents (YAA) in Edo state.
We are confident that given the appropriate political and budgetary support, the strategic plan will successfully improve the reproductive health indices of our young people in
Edo state within the shortest possible time.
MISSION AND VISION OF STRATEGIC PLAN
MISSION
The mission of this strategic plan is to facilitate collaborative cost-effective. and sustainable interventions that will improve the reproductive health, rights and quality of life of
young adults and adolescents in Edo State
VISION
The vision of this strategic plan will be to stimulate the creation of the enabling environment that will promote a healthy and qualitative reproductive health lifestyle for young
adults and adolescents in Edo state
INTRODUCTION
Edo State is one of the 36 states of the Nigerian Federal structure located in the South-South geopolitical zone in the Niger Delta area of the country. Administratively, the state is
divided into three senatorial districts and 18 Local Government Areas, the later representing the grassroots administrative units of the state.
The state had an estimated population of approximately 2.86 million people. Its young adult and adolescents population make up about 32.9% of its total population, making
Edo State one of the states with the highest concentrations of young people in Nigeria.
1.1 Young Adults and Adolescents in Edo State
1.1.1 Demographic background
Statistics from the National Population Commission projected from the 1991 census, indicate that young adults aged 10-24 years, constitute 32.9% of the population of Edo
state. Thus, it is estimated that there are currently about 823,567 young adults in the state. Of these, 410,689 (16.4%) are males, while 412,878 (16.5%) are females, giving a
male: female ratio of nearly 1:1.
1.2.2 SWOT Analysis
Strengths/Opportunities:
• Edo State has one of the highest rates of school enrolments for young adults and adolescents compared to anywhere in Nigeria.
• The average age of marriage of young adults in the state is higher than in many parts of Nigeria.
• The State boasts of the presence of many NGOs focusing on issues relating to the sexual and reproductive health of young adults and adolescents'
• Edo State has the requisite human resources to deal the various RH issues affecting YAA
• Edo State has a high compliment of private and public schools
• Edo state was the first state in Nigeria to pass bills against international sex trafficking and prostitution and the practice of female genital cutting (FGC), which were
landmark bills that brought the attention of the country to the harmful effects of these practices.
• A healthy relationship exists 'between government agencies and the NGO networks in Edo State.
• Edo State has a significant number of skills acquisition centres and micro-credit schemes for Youths
Weaknesses/Threats:
• School enrolments for girls are significantly less than for boys.
• Up to 40% of families in Edo state are polygamous 8 . This has unfavourable effects on the sexual and reproductive health of young adults.
• There is a high drop out rate between the ages of 16-19 years, with only 50% school enrolment recorded during this period. This drop out occurs between the
primary and secondary levels and also between secondary and tertiary levels.
• There is a low level of economic activities in the state with very few young adults are in gainful employments.
• Young adults in the state are highly sexually active and they engage in extremely risky sexual behaviours.
• The prevalence of sexual trafficking and prostitution among YAA in the state is very high. This is despite the laws against sexual trafficking and prostitution.
• Female circumcision is also highly prevalent in the state, with reports indicating that about 40% of females are affected. This has long-term adverse effects on the
sexual and reproductive health as well as obstetric performance of young women in the state.
• Private healthcare providers are often not involved in ARH programs
• Most of the programmes on adolescent reproductive health in the state are NGO driven.
1.2 Developmental process of the strategic plan
This strategic plan document was developed by the Young Adult and Adolescents Reproductive health network in Edo state. This network was formed in January 2001 as an
advocacy network of NGOs and individuals who share a common vision about improving the reproductive health profile of young adults and adolescents in Edo state.
The formation of the network was a collaborative initiative between Policy Project Nigeria and the Women's Health and Action Research Center. This initiative led to the formation
of the YAARH network in Edo state. The major objective of the initiative is to develop and advocate for a young adult and adolescent reproductive health policy for Edo state.
In order to achieve this objective, the network conducted a statewide baseline survey of the reproductive health profile of young adults and adolescents in the state. In doing this
we employed both qualitative and quantitative survey methods. These include a questionnaire-based survey of 2000 young adults and adolescents aged 10-24years, in-depth
interviews with various stakeholders in ARH as well as focus group discussions.
Following the analysis of our findings from the survey, the network appointed a 7-member committee to develop a strategic plan that will address the identified reproductive
health problems of YAA using the evidence collated during the survey.
The committee met several times to produce the final draft of the plan, which was adopted by the YAARH Network in August 2003.
2.0 Justification for a strategic plan for YAARH in Edo State
The development of this strategic plan was based on results from a needs assessment survey conducted by the young adult and adolescent reproductive health network to identify
and prioritise the various reproductive health problems facing YAA in Edo state.
During our baseline survey, we found that Young Adults and Adolescents in Edo state are faced with significant reproductive health concerns that include
• High rates of unplanned pregnancies. and unsafe abortions
• High rates of sex trafficking and prostitution
• High rates of STD/HIV/AIDS
• Poor health seeking behaviour of youths
• High levels of youth unemployment,
• High prevalence of female circumcision
• Irregular use of contraceptives
• Poor knowledge of existing laws on RH
• Breakdown of parent-child communications,
High rates of unplanned pregnancies and unsafe abortions
Edo state has been reported to have one of the highest rates of unwanted pregnancies and unsafe abortion among Young Adults and Adolescents in Nigeria. This is a
consequence of their high level of sexual activity and low level of use of contraceptives. As abortion is illegal in Edo state as it is in other parts of Nigeria, female adolescents
with unwanted pregnancies seek abortion services from unqualified practitioners, often leading to severe complications and even deaths. Many of these complications and deaths
occur in young unmarried girls aged between 15 –25 years.
High rates of sex trafficking and prostitution
Reports have shown that sexual trafficking and prostitution is highest among female youths in Edo State. Indeed, recent estimates suggest that 90% of females trafficked to
Europe are from Edo State. In recognition of these the state government passed a law against female trafficking and commercial sex work in the state.
High rates of STI/HIV/AIDS infection
Reports indicate that HIV/AIDS cases are high and are rising among young adults in Edo state. Although the current national Sero-prevalence for HIV is 5.8%, a recent report
showed a prevalence rate of 11.4% among 13-19 year olds in Edo state. The study also reported a marked increase in HIV prevalence in the sub-group from 7.0% in 1995 to
13.3% in 2000 and showed that 74.6% of the infections in adolescents occur in female adolescents, with a lesser tendency to infections in male adolescents. This disparity
between female and male rates of HIV infection is one of the most glaring ever recorded in any population group in Nigeria. These data provide strong evidence that young adults
are a significant high-risk group, and possibly a core transmitter group for HIV in Edo state. It indicates that efforts to control HIV/AIDS in the state must concentrate on this age
group.
High prevalence of female circumcision.
One of the harmful traditional practices that affect young adults in the state includes the cultural practise of female genital cutting. Reports have indicated that about 40% of females
are affected and that these practise have long-teen adverse effects for the sexual and reproductive health as well as obstetric performance of young women in the state. However
efforts by. the state government and various NGOs and CBOs has led to the passage of a law against female circumcision and an increasing number of female adolescents
indicating that they would not circumcise their children.
Poor knowledge of existing laws
Although, Edo state has passed laws against sexual trafficking and female genital cutting, the bills have not been dramatic in terms of actual reduction in the incidence of these
vices. This has been attributed to a lack of awareness about the existence of such laws. Nevertheless, they have provided a legal framework within which activists can implement
their programs and advocate for the abolition of the practice in the state.
High levels of youth unemployment,
There is a high level of unemployment among the youth in Edo state. This has a direct bearing on the sexual and reproductive health profile of Youths in the state. Government
therefore should put in place specific measures to improve youth employment in the state. Both formal and informal sector employment including self-entrepreneurship should be
pursued as important options for increasing rate of youth employment in the state.
Breakdown of parent-child communications,
Another major concern facing YAA in Edo state is the breakdown in youth - parent and youth teacher communication. This has resulted in youths seeking RH information from
other often-wrong sources. There is a need therefore identify a framework for promoting youth parent and youth teacher communication on sexual and reproductive health matters
in the state.
3.0 Stakeholders Analysis
The strategic plan would draw upon the goodwill and support of its identified stakeholders who will ensure the implementation of its various aspects. These stakeholders include
• The State Executive Governor of Edo state
• The State Executive Council
• The Edo State House of Assembly
• The State Ministries of Heaath, Education, Women Affairs and Social Development, Youths and Sport
• Traditional institutions in Edo state
• Religious leaders
• Chairmen of all Local Government Areas
• Community leaders
• Young Adults and Adolescents
• Private Schools Associations in Edo State
• All Nigerian conference of Principals of Public Schools.
• Non governmental organizations
• Community based organisations
• State Primary Health Care Agencies
• Health Management Board
• Developmental partners and donor agencies
• Media practitioners
CHAPTER 2: GOAL AND OBJECTIVES
The overall goal of this strategic plan is to facilitate collaborative, cost-effective and sustainable interventions that will improve the reproductive health, rights and quality of life
of young adults and adolescents in Edo State.
The-specific objectives are;
1. To improve political commitment and community support for the implementation of Young Adults and Adolescents' Reproductive Health (YAARH) programs and
policies.
2. To remove socio-cultural and traditional barriers to YAARH.
3. To facilitate the improvement of socio-economic status of young adults and adolescents.
4. To encourage and improve youth-parent, youth-teacher communication and improvement of peer-to-peer communication.
5. To equip young adults and adolescents with correct information and skills to deal with the various reproductive health (RH) challenges.
6. To increase availability of, and accessibility to quality adolescent RH services.
7. To improve the capacity of reproductive health personnel to provide youth-friendly RH services.
8. To mobilize and maximise human and financial resources for YAARH programs and activities.
9. To establish mechanisms and systems for monitoring and evaluation of RH programs.
10. To encourage youth participation and involvement in YAARH programmes.
CHAPTER 3: STRATEGIES
The following strategic areas have been highlighted as key approaches that will assist in modifying contributing factors to the poor reproductive health profile of young
adults and adolescents in Edo state. These strategies will also assist in promoting good health and an improved quality of life among youths in the State.
These approaches include:
Social mobilisation and advocacy
This will include the creation of awareness which will result in community support of YAARH issues amongst stakeholders, especially "gatekeepers", such as parents, traditional
rulers, religious leaders, the media, politicians and other policy makers.
Added to this, advocacy will significantly contribute to achieving, political commitment, policy makers' and opinion leaders' support for YAARH programmes, allocation and
mobilisation of adequate resources for YAARH activities, as well as strengthen male involvement in YAARH programmes, improved youth involvement in YAARH programmes
and enhanced public-private partnerships.
This would promote an enabling environment for the enhancement of reproductive health (RH) status of young adults and adolescents (YAA) in Edo State.
Equitable Access for q uality youth friendly services
Efforts must be made to establish sustainable and equitably distributed youth--friendly, gender sensitive services in public/private health institutions including youth centres
within the limits of available resources particularly for rural, urban and other under-served communities. The content, effectiveness and implementation of services provided must
within the limits of available resources particularly for rural, urban and other under-served communities. The content, effectiveness and implementation of services provided must
be based on existing international, national and state guidelines.
Youth Involvement and Participation
Young people constitute about 40% of the total population in Edo state. They have an important role in the promotion and success of their own reproductive health. As such,
they must be empowered through the provision of information and services within the home, schools, workplace and communities. This would enhance their involvement and
participation as major stakeholders in the implementation of various aspect of the strategic plan.
Capacity building and skills development
This will promote the development of human resources in the delivery of quality ARH information and services. Specifically, training will be geared towards bridging the gap
between the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs of YAA and the skills and attitudes of service providers as well as lead to the development of the skills of YAA to enable
them deal effectively with the demands and challenges of everyday life.
Education and Counselling
All young people must be equipped with the required knowledge and an enabling environment for the development of their psychosocial competence to adopt healthy
reproductive behaviours. This information needs to be provided right from their pre-adolescent years.
Monitoring and Evaluation
The management information systems (MIS) must be strengthened for effective monitoring and evaluation of YAARH services. In addition, the implementation capacities of health
workers must also be strengthened for effective monitoring and supervision of YAARH programs.
Research
Capacities of human resources must be developed especially for YAA oriented researches in the collection of health data, rational use of existing data sources and interpretation of
its analysis for program planning as well as for the conduct of relevant operational researches.
Resource mobilisation:
The success of this Strategic Plan and the achievement of its set objectives will depend on the ability to mobilise and commit resources to its implementation. Therefore, efforts
should be directed at actively generating sufficient resources to facilitate the efficient & timely execution of all the programmes included in this Strategic Plan.
Financial resources will be mobilised from government annual budgetary allocations; grants from state and local governments; assistance from international donors/development
agencies and contributions from the private sector and persons of goodwill. In the long term the state and local government will be required to allocate at least 5% of their annual
budgetary expenditure on young adult and adolescent reproductive health development programmes.
CHAPTER 4: OUTCOME INDICATORS
The following indicators can be used for effective monitoring of YAARH programmes in Edo State. Almost all of these indicators can be collected within the existing routine data
collection system. In addition, more data can be sourced from the NDH surveys conducted periodically to measure changes in the YAARH status on the basis of which
modifications can be made to the Strategic Plan.
The findings should be utilised for the monitoring of progress made at all levels and subsequent improvement of programme planning and management.
- Reduction in unwanted pregnancy among YAA in Edo State
- Reduction in number of YAA who resort to induced abortion
- Reduction in the number of YAA who are involved in sex trafficking and child labour
- Improved health seeking behaviour of YAA in Edo State
- Increase in the proportion of YAA practicing sexual abstinence
- Increased proportion of YAA delay of onset of sexual activity
- Increase in proportion of sexually active YAA using condoms
- Reduction in proportion of young girls who experience female genital mutilation
- Increase in proportion of parents, guardians and opinion leaders who are willing to speak out against the practise of FGC
- Increased knowledge about existing laws/policies on RH in Edo State among YAA
- Increase in number of people advocating for implementation of existing laws on RH in Edo State
- Improved socio-economic status of youth
- Increased job opportunities for YAA in Edo State
- Increase in proportion of parents, guardians and teachers who communicate RH information to their adolescent wards
- Increase in number of males involved in YAARH activities & programmes Increased political will to implement YAARH policies
- Regular availability of official & NGO publications on the status of YAA and database on ARH
- Increase in the proportion of YAARH services offered in rural areas of Edo State
- Increase in proportion of YAA who have access to sexuality education in life planning skills
- Increase in the number of schools who offer comprehensive sexuality education, including FLE & LPS in their schools curricula
- increase in the proportion of available facilities that provide youth friendly reproductive health services at all levels of the health care delivery system including
private and public institutions
- Increase in the proportion of service providers who undergo regular training on ARH problems & their management
- Increase in budgetary allocation for YAARH programmes.
Chapter Five: LOGICAL FRAMEWORK
Strategy: Social Mobilisation and Advocacy _________________________________________________________________________
Objective 1: To improve political commitment and community support for the implementation of YAARH programs and policies.
Activities Target Responsible Time Verifiable Means of Risks & Assumptions
population Person/Group indicators verification
s
) Conduct analysis of Policy makers, NGOs, CEOs, 4 Developed Reports of Risks: 2C
takeholders including Healthcare donor months stakeholders stakeholders Lack of interest of
policy makers providers, agencies, profile meeting held identified
politicians, government Stakeholders and
parents, agencies responsible persons
teachers, (SMWASD, Available /groups
community SMOH) stakeholders
leaders, youth profile Lack of funds
groups,
Assumptions:
government
officials, Broad spectrum of
religious and stakeholders
traditional
leaders and
media
) Train advocates on NGOs/CBOs, NGOs, CEOs, 6 # of advocates Report of Risks: 5(
advocacy and social youth groups, donor months identified & training Poor commitment of
mobilisation skills for parents and agencies, trained potential advocates
ARH media government Project report
agencies # of trainings Lack of interest of
(SMWASD, held responsible persons
SMOH) /groups
Strategy: Social Mobilisation and Advocacy
Objective 1: To improve political commitment and community support for the implementation of YAARH programs and policies.
Activities Target population Responsible Time Verifiable Means of Risks & Assumptions Cc
Person/Groups indicators verification 3
Lack of financial
resources
Assumptions:
Availability of
human
resources
,3) Train media Media NGOs, CSOs, 1 No of media Report of Risks: 30
actitioners on ARH practitioners donor month personnel training
Lack of commitment
sues and the use of agencies, trained on
enter educate government Media reports part óf media
ogrammes to reach agencies No of training practitioners
and
youths workshops programmes Lack of resources
held on ARH
Assumptions:
issues
No of ARH
Availability of human
programs resources
produced and Availability of
information
implemented on ARH
by media
organizations.
Develop advocacy Policy/decision Trained 6 # of advocacy Available Risk: 30
and adapt existing makers - advocates, months kits developed advocacy kits Lack of financial &
aterials on ARH for government, donor human resources
dvocacy purposes community & agencies, Report of
religious YAARH # of existing activity
leaders, network materials
naronfc mrian}pri Assumptions:
Strategy: Social Mobilisation and Advocacy
Objective 1: To improve political commitment and community support for the implementation of YAARH programs and policies.
Activities Target Responsible Time Verifiable Means of Risks & Assumptions C
population Person/Group indicators verification _
s
parents, adapted Available materials to
teachers, develop kits
youths and
media
gatekeepers
5) Hold sensitisation Community NGOs, CSOs, 3month No of Activity reports Risks: 5(
workshop to increase leaders, Youth groups, s awareness Resistance by
awareness about traditional birth policy campaigns Impact survey profiteers of sex
xisting legislàtion on attendants, champions, and reports trafficking and FGC
FGC, Sex trafficking, health workers, Schools, workshops
FGC, Sex trafficking, health workers, Schools, workshops
Violence against victims of FGC, media held for Case files on Socio-cultural barriers
women , --q > > Sex trafficking gatekeepers, identified violation of
and gender law target legislation Assumptions:
K14-3- 9--0 -6 " , k.L based violence, enforcement populations Existing laws on sex
profiteers of agencies, trafficking, violence
sex trafficking government against women and
55 r.57 and FGC, agencies FGC
media (SMOI , Human resources
gatekeepers, SMOYS)
law
enforcement
agents,
religious
leaders, youth
groups.
Strategy: Social Mobilisation and Advocacy
Objective 1: To improve political commitment and community support for the implementation of YAARH programs and policies.
Activities Target Responsible Time Verifiable Means of Risks & Assumptions o
population Person/Group indicators verification
s
) Conduct advocacy Policy NGOs/CSOs, Continu # of advocacy Activity report Risks: 60(
makers,
campaigns for the government youth groups, ous campaigns Resistance by
implementation of officials identified conducted profiteers of sex
xisting ARH policies including policy trafficking & FGM
law
and laws: enforcement champions in Reduced Impact survey
agents & various incidence of report Socio-cultural
the
judiciary, communities & FGC barriers
community groups, Report of Key
leaders and schools & Reduction in # informant Assumptions:
media media gate of cases of interviews Cooperation of law
gatekeepers. keepers and sex trafficking enforcement agency,
other relevant judiciary
stakeholders # of reported Case files on
cases of violation of the
violation of the legislation
_
legislation
Strategy: Social MobiliSation and Advocacy
Objective 2: To remove socio-cultural and traditional barriers to YAARH.
Activities Target Responsible Time Verifiable Means of Risks & Cost
population Person/Group indicators verification Assumptions N
s
responsibility) religious
leaders, Assumptions:
traditional
rulers in 18 Human
~ LGAs resources
) Community based Community NGOs/CSO Continu # of Report of Risks: 500,000
dvocacy campaigns leaders Media ous advocacy advocacy Target group
o reduce/eliminate religious gatekeepers campaigns campaigns support
harmful sacio- leaders, held.
cultural/traditional policy Impact Survey Financial and
practices Z-G e > champions, reports human
youths and resources.
parents
Strategy: CAPACITY BUILDING AND SKILL DEVELOPMENT
ective 3: To facilitate the improvement of the socio-economic status of young adults and adolescents.
Activities Target Responsible Time Verifiable Means of . Risks & Cost
population Person/Group indicators verification Assumptions N
s
1) Conduct situation Youths in NGOs/CSOs, 6 # of youths Reports of Risks: 500,000
analysis of the socio- 18LGAs SMOYS, months reached situation Financial
onomic profile of YAA SMOWASD, analysis resources
NDDC, NDE
Assumptions
and donor
agencies Human resources
Develop and expand In-School NGOs/CSOs, Continu , # Of Available Risks: 200,000
Strategy: Social MobiliSation and Advocacy
Objective 2: To remove socio-cultural and traditional barriers to YAARH.
Objective 2: To remove socio-cultural and traditional barriers to YAARH.
Activities Target Responsible Time Verifiable Means of Risks & Cost
population Person/Group Indicators verification Assumptions N
s
1) Conduct situation Youths, NGOs/CSOs, 6 # of socio- Report of Risks: 700,000
analysis of existing community state & LG months cultural & situation Lack
socio-cultural and leaders, authorities traditional analysis Community
traditional barriers. parents, barriers support &
religious identified cooperation
leaders,
traditional
rulers in 18 _
LGAs
2) Design Youths, NGOs/CSOs 12 # of Report of Risks: 200,000
interventions based community state and LG months interventio activity Human &
on the situation leaders, authorities ns financial
analysis (to include parents, designed Developed resources
mobilisation of religious interventions
support.) leaders, Community
traditional support
rulers in 18
_
LGAs
3) Train advocates to NGOS/CSOs NGOs/CSOs, - 6 # of Report of Risks: 500,000
mainstream gender Govt. Donor months trainings training Stakeholders
issues into ARH agencies, agencies held commitment &
programmes (rights, Youths, support
inequality, male community # of
virginity, attitude to leaders, participant Financial
female and parents, s involved resources
agencies, developed materials
ANCOPPS, Inadequate
financial
resources
2) Promote peer In - school NGOs/CSOs, Continu # of in-school Report of club Risks: 500,000
education through and out-of- PTA, ous clubs activities Political
support
formation of in-school school youth ANCOPPS, established & Project M & E
&
government functioning report
and out-of-school commitment
youth clubs and relevant # of out- from
relevant
agencies, school clubs
authorities
proprietors and established &
employers of functioning
youth
3) Conduct _ NGOs, Youth Continu No of Report of Risks: N500,000
seminar/skids building Female/male groups, SMOH, ous seminars/wor seminar Commitment
workshops for adolescents kshops from female
female/male in 18 LGAs organised adolescents
adolescents to # of Financial ,
resources
increase safe sex female/male
practices, including adolescents
delay on sexual involved
debuts, decrease in #
of sexual partners,
consistent and correct
use of condoms and
ceptives.
>
(4) Advocate for _ NGOs/CSOs, 12 # of schools School Risks: 500,000
inclusion and PTA, youth groups, months implementing curriculum Political
will &
implementation of ANCOPPS, PTA, COSSTS, sexuality
support at all
comprehensive legislators & ANCOPPS education
levels
sexuality education in SMOE, curricula
school curricula SMOH,
SMOYS,
SMOWASD
and other
Strategy: Education and counselling
Objective 4: To encourage and improve youth-parent, youth-teacher communication and improvement of peer-to-peer
communication. _
communication. _
Activities Target Responsible Time Verifiable Means of Risks & Cost
population Person/Group indicators verification Assumptions 04
s
trained &
functioning
2) Organise IEC Parent, Youth groups, Continu # of activities Report of Risks: 1,000,000
activities to improve teachers NGOs, PTA, ous organized activities Cooperation
parent-child, youth- and youth ANCOPPS, from relevant
teacher and peer-to- government authorities
peer communication agencies
Human &
through debates, financial
quizzes, dramas and resources
other similar fora.47
) Develop curriculum PTA Schools, PTA, Continu Developed Curriculum Risks: N300, 0 0
or parental education Proprietors, ous curriculum Financial
on ARH NGOs, resources • -
ANCOPPS,
SMOE
Strategy: Capacity building and Skills Development
Objective 5): To equip young adults and adolescents with correct information and skills to deal with the various
reproductive health (RH) challenges.
Activities Target Responsible Time Verifiable Means of Risks & Cost
I
Person/Group indicators verification Assumptions N
population
s _
1) Develop Young adults NGOs & youth 6 # of IEC Available IEC Risks: N500, 0 0
appropriate, and adapt and groups, SMOE months materials materials, Inappropriate _
existing IEC materials adolescents and relevant adapted & adaptable
2
Strategy: CAPACITY BUILDING AND SKILL DEVELOPMENT
state, L.G.As programs centres es resources, human
on skill acquisition and resources and
micro credit facilities youth population.
e.g. NAPEP, NDE,
NDDC, NFEC.
r
Strategy: Education and counselling
Objective 4: To encourage and improve youth-parent, youth-teacher communication and improvement of peer-to-peer communication.
Activities Target Responsible Time Verifiable Means of Risks & Cost
population Person/Group indicators verification Assumptions
s _
1) Conduct Teachers, NGOs,/CSOs Continu # & types of Training Risks: 1,000,000
training/seminars for parents, Proprietors & ous training report Cooperation
parents, teachers and youth employers of modules from relevant
youth groups on groups, youth, PTA, adapted & Teacher & authorities
communication about ANCOPPS, used peer
ASRH issues SMOE & educators Human &
including HIV/AIDS, related # of teachers Activity financial
contraceptive use, agencies trained & report resources
abortion sexual functioning
violence, FGC, sex
# of peer
trafficking.
parents
trained &
functioning
# of peer
educators
Strategy: CAPACITY BUILDING AND SKILL DEVELOPMENT
interventions for in- and Out-Of- Govt ous interventio interventions Donor support
school and out of school School agencies, ns developed and commitment
youth to include: youth Corporate - developed,
Institutions, Report of
For in-school: private No of activity
• Provide sources, beneficiari
scholarship for NDDC, es
scholarship for NDDC, es
indigent students Multinationals.
NDE, NAPEP,
• Create enabling NFEC.
environment for work
while in school
• Create vacation
jobs
• Provide bursary
awards
For out-of-school
• Skills acquisition
training
• Provide micro
credit facilities
• Provide support for
youths who wish to
return to school
3) Create awareness Youths in NGOs, CSOs, 1 # of youth Report of Risks: 200,000
about existing national, 18 LGAs Youth friendly month beneficiari activity Financial
relevant govt. '
agencies
5) Train teachers on Relevant YAARH 6 # of trainings Report of Risks: 500,000
sexuality education subject network, Months held training Lack of
curriculum teachers, SMOE, Donor commitment
school agencies # of teachers from teachers
counsellors that ,
participated Financial
resources
Strategy: Equitable access to quality adolescent youth friendly services
Objective 6: To increase availability of, and accessibility to quality adolescent youth RH.servlces. -
Risks & Cost
Activities , Target Responsible Time Verifiable Means of
Assumptions 14
population Person/Groups Indicators verifiction
1) Integrate Government NGOs/CSOs, 18 # of Assessment of Risks: 500,000
comprehensive health SMOH, months comprehen youth'friendiy Political will &
adolescent youth facilities and SPHCDA, sive youth service units support
friendly service units primary owners of friendly Project M & E
health care private health service reporte
into existing primary
and secondary health centres, clinics units
care facilities SMOH,
school
health
clinics,
private
health clinics
2) Staffing and Integrated Government at Continu # of staff Asse rent Risks: 7M
equipping of AYFS youth all levels; ous recruited repo killed-
units to provide friendly NGOs/CSOs, personnel
# and type.. M & feport
information and service units donor of Political will
services on VCCT, agencies
Strategy: Equitable access to quality adolescent youth friendly services
Objective 6: To increase availability of, and accessibility to quality adolescent youth RH services.
Activities Target Responsible Time Verifiable Means of Risks & Cost
population Person/Groups indicators verification Assumptions }
equipment and support
STD management equipment and support
HIV/AIDS, provided
.contraceptive
commodities, PAC
3) Establish a logistics AYFS units PPFN, Continu Availability Contraceptive Risks: 1,000,000
committee to ensure and centres SMOH/RH ous of commodities Lack of
availability and timely Dept., contracepti commitment
supply of Development ve from committee
contraceptive Partners, commoditi members
commodity to AYFS YAARH es Lack of political
units network good will
4) Sensitise the Youth & Government, Continu # of youth Report from Risks: _
community and youths community NGOs/CSOs, ous using centres Socio-cultural 300,000
on the availability of leaders community AYFS units barriers
Activity report
adolescent youth leaders, media Inadequate
friendly services gate keepers, staff strength
youth groups to cope with
#s
5) Establish and equip 18 LGAs 18 LG 18 # of Assessment Risks: 200M
youth development councils, state months established report Financial
centres to provide govt., and resources,
recreational, resource philanthropists, functioning
Donor
and skill acquisition corporate orgs centres
commitment,
services and RH & multi- # of youth
Political will
information nationals, dev. using
and support
partners, centres
NGOs/CSOs,
Strategy: Equitable access to quality adolescent youth friendly services .
Orb ective 6: To increase availability of, and accessibility to quality adolescent youth RH services,
Activities Target Responsible Time Verifiable Mean0f Risks & Cost
population Person/Groups Indicators verific ion Assumptions N
NDDC
No of
centre
equipped,
No of
facilities
available
6) Create awareness Youth & Government, Continu # of youth Report from Risks: 300,000
on the existence of community NGOs/CSOs, ous using centre Socio-cultural
the youth" leaders community youth barriers
Activity report
development centres leaders, media developme Inadequate
gate keepers, ntal staff strength
youth groups centres to cope with
#s
Strategy: Capacity Building and Skill development
Objective 7: To improve the capacity of reproductive health personnel to provide youth. riendly RH services
Activities Target Responsible Time Verifiable Means of Risks & Cost
population Person/Group Indicators verification Assumptions N
s
1) Adapt existing RHSP at NGOs/CSOs, 6month # of Available Risks: N250,000
training modules for various SMOH s modules s, None existing
various ASRH issues levels in the adapted o training
including HIV/AIDS, 18LGAs acts Modules for
PAC, FGC, certain
A
Strategy: Capacity Building and Skill development
Objective 7: To improve the capacity of reproductive health personnel to provide youth-friendly H services
-
Activities Target Responsible Time Verifiable Means of Risks & Cost
population Person/Group Indicators verification Assumptions X
S -
_ _ categories of
contraceptives, abortion RHSP
etc
Financial
resources,
Human
_ _
resources
2) Conduct training for RHSP at NGOs/CSOs, Continu No of Reports of Risks: 1M
various categories of various SMOH, LGAs, ous training training Financial
ARH service providers levels in the NDDC and conducted resources,
to include PAC, 18LGAs donor
No of Human
contraceptive, agencies resources
service
management of providers
STD/HIV/AIDS trained
3) Train patent medicine Patent NGOs, SMOH, 6 # of people Report of Risks: N350,000
dealers and traditional medicine donor agencies Months reached activity Laçk of
medicine practioners on dealers, commitment
# of
the recognition of SRH traditional from patent
trainings
symptoms, management medicine medicine
held
and existing referral practioners dealers and
systems traditional
medicine
practioners
Financial
resources
Strategy: Resource Mobilisation
Objective 8: To mobilise and maximise human and financial resources for YAARH pr ms and
activities.
_
Activities Target Responsible Time Verifiable Means'pf . Risks & Cost
population Person/Group Indicators verlflc*tlon Assumptions N
S
1) Train advocates on NGOs/CSO NGOs/CSOs, 6 # of Report of Risks: 500,000
resource mobilisation to s, youth donor months trainings training - Commitment
include mobilisation of groups agencies conducted of trained
contraceptive advocates
commodities from # of
private, public and other persons
sources trained _
2) Fund raising Govt, Trained 6 # of targets Finanj Íi l Risks: 200,000
private advocates months met report Commitment
sources, and support of
CSOs, Funds Report of fund target groups
developme mobilised raising activity
ntal
partners,
other donor
agencies
A
Strategy: Monitoring and Evaluation
Objective 9: To establish mechanisms and systems for monitoring and evaluation of YAARH programs.
Activities Target Responsible Time Verifiable Means of Risks & Cost
population Person/Group indicators verification Assumptions N
_ S
1) Adept existing tools Govt Govt, 2 _ Available tools Risks: 150,000
1) Adept existing tools Govt Govt, 2 _ Available tools Risks: 150,000
# of M & E
for M & E of YAARH agencies, NGOs/CSOs, months tools for M&E Human &
programmes NGOs/CSO specialists in identified financial
s, service data resources
providers processing
2) Train advocates Govt Govt, 6 # of Training report Risks: 300,000
including service agencies, NGOs/CSOs, months trainings Commitment
providers-and young NGOs/CSO specialists in conducted of trainee
people on the use of s, service data advocates
these tools providers, processing # of
youths. individuals Financial
trained resources
3) Conduct regular data Govt Govt Continu Frequency M & E report Risks: 500,000
collection, analysis and agencies, agencies, ous of M & E Financial
dissemination for NGOs/CBO NGOs/CSOs, report resources
planning and service s, service specialists in
# of Available
improvement providers data
processing publication publications
s on on YAARH
YAARH issues
issues
Availability
of
Monitoring
instrument s at
various levels
MIS operational at all levels
Strategy: Youth Involvement and Participation
Objective 10: To encourage youth participation and involvement in ARH programmes.
Activities Target Responsible Time Verifiable Means of Risks & Cost
population Person/Group Indicators verification Assumptions N
s
1) Hold leadership training Peer NGOs/CSOs, Continu # of Report of Risks: 500,000
for youths in youth educators, community ous trainings training activity Commitment on
organisations and social community leaders, youth held part of youth
clubs youth groups, YAARH Project M & E leaders
leaders, network # of youth report
leaders of leaders
youth trained
organisation
s
2) Establish and Public & SMOE & Continu # of peer List of Risks: 500,000
strengthen peer clubs in private related ous clubs functioning Financial &
schools on ARH issues schools, agencies, established peer clubs human
(for both in-school and vocational NGOs, resources
out-of-school youths) centres, SMOH, CSOs, # of peer Report of
NFEC YAARH clubs activities from Approval from
network strengthen each peer club relevant
ed authority
M & E report
# of
participatin
g schools
# of
students
participatin
9
3) Conduct community Youth in Community Continu # of Report of Risks: 500,000
based youth exchange urban & rural leaders, ous exchange activity Community
programme communities NGOs/CSOs, programs support &
youth groups, held M & E Report commitment
State Min of # of youth Traditional
Youth & Sports, participating beliefs
State Min o f in programs Lack of financial
Women Affairs resources \
# of
& Soc. Dev. &
communitie
LG authorities,
s involved
YAARH
network
4) Organise annual youth Youth in NGOs/CSOs, month # of youth Report of Risks: N300,000
conference urban & rural youth groups, that conference Commitment on
communities YAARH participated part of youth
network leaders
Conference
held
Financial &
human
resources
Approval from
relevant
authority
36
36
References
1. Profile of the Sexual and Reproductive Health of Adolescents and Young Adults W Edo State, Nigeria: A Situation Analysis Report.
2. National Reproductive Health Strategic Framework and Plan 2002-2006: Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, June 2002.
3. National Reproductive Health Policy and Strategy: Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, July 2001.
4. National Adolescent Health Policy: Federal Ministry of Health, 1995
5. National Strategic Framework for Adolescent Reproductive Health in Nigeria: Federal Ministry of Health, 1999
6. National Youth Policy and Strategic Plan of Action: Abuja, February 2001.
7. Guidelines for Comprehensive Sexuality Education in Nigeria: National Guideline Taskforce.
8. National Sexuality Education Curriculum for Upper Primary School, Junior Secondary School, Senior Secondary School, Tertiary Institutions in Nigeria: Nigerian
Educational Research and Development Council.
9. Time for Action: Report of the National Conference on Adolescent Reproductive Health in Nigeria 26-29 Jan 1999, Abuja, Nigeria.
10. HIV/AIDS Emergency Action Plan (HEAP), March 2002
