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The following matrix offers for consideration examples of typical incidents and their respective responses.
Child as victim
Hazard Examples Prevention Proposed Comments
Response
Receiving unsolicited Web sites (often through Educator vigilance; Refer to screening tool to All secondary children should have
content that is mis-clicked or mis-typed Acceptable Internet Use help determine severity of access to the Internet and personal
inappropriate, web addresses); email Policy known by all users, impact on the child. email as an entitlement. Protective
obscene, offensive (Spam); banner and is enforced by school. As the content is measures are essential; however it is
or threatening advertising; pop-ups Effective web filtering in unsolicited, there can be no not acceptable to be so risk averse that
(largely eradicated through place. question of culpability of access is removed entirely. There
better browser design). Consider using safe filtered the child. should be procedures agreed with
email, such as KCN, Follow-up to prevent parents and Governors for reporting
think.com or RM Easymail. recurrence, including abuse.
Effective spam filtering. ensuring that relevant sites
Maintain email and URL are blocked if required.
logs and history. Inform parents where
appropriate.
Ensure incidents are
reported and recorded.
Child as victim
Hazard Examples Prevention Proposed Comments
Response
Publishing. Images stored in publicly Educator vigilance; Refer to the screening tool Most image storage sites have levels of
accessible areas; Personal Acceptable Internet Use to help determine the access, usually private; family & friends
blogs such as MSN Policy known by all users, severity of impact on the and public. These sites are great fun for
spaces, BEBO etc.; Details and children made aware child. sharing images; however care should
left on web sites. of the dangers. Determine if a perpetrator / be taken as they may provide access to
Incitement: hatred and In-house education victim relationship may inappropriate public images.
discrimination, personal sessions. exist. Children need to be made aware of the
harm etc. Where an in-school dangers associated with posting
perpetrator is identified, personal images and information on the
take appropriate internet.
disciplinary or legal action.
Where an external
perpetrator is identified,
report to police or other
agency. Advice should be
sought from the area
children’s officer for child
protection.
Follow-up to prevent
recurrence, including
ensuring that relevant sites
are blocked if required.
Inform parents where
appropriate.
Child as victim
Hazard Examples Prevention Proposed Comments
Response
Bullying and threats. email; text messaging; Reinforcement of school Refer to the screening tool There is no real difference between
blogs; Instant Messenging ethos and behaviour. to help determine the bullying and threats using technology
(due to changes in the Regular sample trawls of severity of impact on the and more familiar means. Bullying and
software, the perpetrator is known sites. child. threatening behaviour is damaging and
usually known to the This should be linked to the Determine if a perpetrator / wrong and should be treated very
victim). curriculum (PSHE) and victim relationship exists. seriously.
Incitement: hatred and Every Child matters. Where a perpetrator is Racist bullying could be considered an
discrimination, personal identified take appropriate offence under the race relations act and
harm etc. disciplinary / legal action. legal consultation may be necessary.
Follow-up to prevent
recurrence, including
ensuring that relevant sites
are blocked if required.
Inform parents where
appropriate.
Child as victim
Hazard Examples Prevention Proposed Comments
Response
Predation and Forming online Teach awareness of Refer to the screening tool Grooming and predation is a child
grooming relationships by deception dangers. to help determine the protection issue and should be reported
with the intent of gaining Use the 'Think U Know' severity of impact on the to the DCPC and the police in all cases,
the confidence of a minor teaching resources. child. or referred to CEOP through their
to do harm. Liaise with Area children’s Determine if a perpetrator / reporting web site.
(N.B. If you are over 18 officer for child protection victim relationship exists.
and make contact with for additional advice / Where a perpetrator is
somebody under 16 on 2 training identified take appropriate
occasions by any means disciplinary / legal action.
inc. internet, email etc and Follow-up to prevent
plan to meet them recurrence, including
anywhere in the world with ensuring that relevant sites
a view to committing a are blocked if required.
sexual offence that is the Inform parents and police,
offence of Grooming. – and report to CEOP report
2003 sexual offences act) abuse web site..
Online Gambling Banner adverts / pop ups Teach awareness of Inform parents. Many children have access to their
offering free credit for dangers to all staff and Its a criminal offence to use parents credit card for legitimate use
gambling. pupils. someone else’s credit card e.g. online purchases, however this can
Encourage self-reporting (fraud) may need to involve be misused to enable them to access
the police if card owner gambling sites.
wants to press charges.
Provide help and support
for child, because gambling
is an addiction.
Requests for phishing' is the use of Teach awareness of If identity theft occurs it Most 'phishing' is aimed at adults with
personal information. deceit to obtain personal dangers to all staff and should be reported to banking facilities, so older children are
(usually financial) pupils. police without exception. more likely to be affected.
information.
Security Adware; browser hijack; Secure and up to date Effective reactive technical
virus. browser settings and anti- intervention.
virus software; regular
adware scans.
Teach awareness of
dangers to all staff and
pupils.
Child as instigator
Hazard Examples Prevention Proposed Comments
Response
Soliciting content Use of inappropriate Use safe image search Refer to the screening tool Maintain records of incidents to identify
that is inappropriate, search terms; engines. to help determine the serial offenders.
obscene, or Accessing or forwarding Effective web filtering. severity of impact on the
offensive. the details of known sites; Educator vigilance. child.
Following inappropriate Effective incident reporting Inform parents (consider
links or banners; procedures for blocking standard letter templates).
inappropriate Image sites once known. Restrict computer or
searches. Internet access for a fixed
period, dependent on
severity.
Maintain incident records to
identity patterns of
behaviour.
Follow-up to prevent
recurrence, including
ensuring that relevant sites
are blocked if required.
Inform parents where
appropriate.
Ensure incidents are
reported and recorded.
Viewing ‘incitement’ Sites involving pro- Educating children of the Refer to the screening tool
sites anorexia, self harm, race danger of these sites. to help determine the
hate, suicide, terrorism etc Effective web filtering to severity of impact on the
block these sites child.
Seek advice from
appropriate professionals
(child protection or health)
Provide a directory of sites
that provide professional
advice on these issues.
Child as instigator
Hazard Examples Prevention Proposed Comments
Response
Sends or publishes emails Block access to specific Refer to the screening tool Sending threatening or illegal content is
content that is blogs; msn-spaces; sites. to help determine the an offence; refer to the glossary for
inappropriate, social sites (BEBO etc.) Educate children in safe severity of impact on the more details.
obscene, offensive chat rooms. and appropriate internet child and whether an The medium is less important than
or threatening. use. offence has taken place. intent. Publishing is easy using the
Maintain records of web; however in legal terms it can still
incidents to identify serial be libellous and subject to the same
offenders. legal remedies. Where there are known
Inform parents. (Consider sites that do not moderate effectively
standard letters). they should be blocked.
Remove computer access Children should be made aware that
for a fixed period. publishing personal information could
Use school disciplinary place themselves or others in a
procedure as appropriate dangerous situation.
Follow-up to prevent
recurrence, including
ensuring that relevant sites
are blocked if required.
Inform parents where
appropriate.
Ensure incidents are
reported and recorded
Identity Theft Using others identity to Systematic changes of Recover identity and This is a potential criminal activity and
gain access to school password. change password. advice should be sought from the
systems or services. Alternative methods of Inform parents (consider Police.
authentication, such as standard letter templates). It is essential that schools consider
swipe card or fingerprint. Restrict computer or carefully where personal data is stored,
Internet access for a fixed and by whom they can be accessed.
period, dependent on This will become increasingly important
severity. as data starts to be warehoused off-
site. Access to names and addresses
must be secure, and CRB checks in
place to protect children.
Child as instigator
Hazard Examples Prevention Proposed Comments
Response
Interception of Diverting email; wireless Effective network security. Change encryption keys This can be the interception of wireless
communications interception. and/or passwords, or communications, or even attempting to
delete and rename email access a wireless network without
addresses. permission. There is an implicit
Consider whether the expectation that security measures are
interception has led others in place.
to be placed at risk.
Hacking Purposeful intrusion or High level of security on Restore from back-up. Most hacking in schools is from highly
damaging of network administrator passwords; Consider whether the able individuals who are attracted by
services. restricted issue; do not hacking has caused others the technical challenge. It is often better
leave open administrator to be placed at risk e.g. the to harness the skills and enthusiasm
accounts open when not in instigator putting illegal through constructive activities in
use; Rehearse back-up content onto other users support of the network management.
and recovery procedures. computers.
The exception is where it is
purposefully belligerent in nature, or
targeted on individuals or their work.
