About Tamil Nadu 153 Dharmapuri District Dharmapuri district which came into

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Dharmapuri District
Dharmapuri district, which came into existence from 2.10.1965 is
situated in the North western Corner of Tamil Nadu and is bounded
by Tiruvannamalai and Villupuram Districts on the east, Salem
District on the South, Krishnagiri District on the north and Kaveri
river on the west. It is located between latitudes N 11 47‟ and 11 57‟
and longitudes E 78 02‟ and 78 40‟. The total geographical area of
Dharmapuri District is 4497.77 Sq Kms, i.e. 3.46% of Tamil Nadu.
National Child Labour Protection (NCLP) is undertaken in this
district.
HISTORY
The earliest known chieftain who ruled Tagadur (present Dharmapuri) during
the Sangam era, is Adigaman Naduman Anji, whose patronage sustained
the famous poetess Avvaiyar. The next we hear in the 8th century when the
northern parts of Salem District were probably under the Pallavas regime.
Subsequently, we hear of the Ganga Pallavas having sway over the Western
parts of the Salem District. The Western Gangas are also mentioned as
having ruled Baramahal during the end of the 8th century.
In the beginning of the 9th Century, the Rashtrakutas gained power and
influenced the history of the district for the next two centuries. During the
period, the Cholas also rose to power in the south and Aditya-I conquered
the Kongunadu in 894 A.D. During 949-950 A.D., the Cholas suffered a
defeat from the Rastrakuttas whose decline started later after the death of
their king Krishna-III. Subsequently, the entire area in Salem District came
under the rule of the Cholas. The Gangavadi was then annexed to the Chola
territory and placed in charge of an Adigaman Tagadur. The 12th century
witnessed the decline of the Chola empire when the Hoysalas rose to power
and routed the Cholas from Gangavadi. They are said to have captured
Kolar, sacked Kotayur and over ran the western parts of Kongunadu. The
Baramahal and Talaget areas apparently still remained with the Cholas. But
the Adigaman seems to have practically become free and owed only nominal
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        allegiance to the Cholas. Soundrapandia-I assisted the Yadavas in
driving out the Hoysala king, Vira Someswara from the Chola territory.
The history of the 13th Century revolve itself between the Hoysalas and the
Pandyas. This portion may be added after when they were attacked from the
North by the Yadavas, the Hoysalas retreated towards the South in
Kongunadu. It is known that Jatavarman Soundrapandian-I assisted the
Yadavas in driving out the Hoysalas king, Vira Someswara, from the Chola
territory. But it is doubtful whether he made himself master of the Talaghat
area as there are records to show that Vira Someswara's son Vira
Ramanatha later ruled the whole of Salem District and the Pandiyas were
then eclipsed by the Mohammadan emissaries of the Delhi Sultanate.
The rise of Vijayanagar kingdom was seen in the 14th century. In 1365-66
A.D., Bukka-I turned his attention towards the south to overthrow the
Mohammedan Sultanate of Madurai. One of these campaigns must have
brought Salem District under the Vijayanagar kings. They ruled these parts
till 1565 A.D when the glory of the Vijayanagar king was laid in dust by the
combined armies of the Deccan Sultans on the field at Talikota Hosur
Denkanikota. While Jagaderea Raya of Chennapatna ruled the Baramahal
along with Mysore. Meanwhile the ascendancy of the Madurai Nayakas
reached its zenith during the time of Tirumala Nayak who came to power in
1623 A.D. and this tract was placed in charge of Poligars owing allegiance to
him. Ramachandra Nayaka, one of his poligars was incharge of Talaimalai a
hill overlooking the Cauvery in the south Namakkal taluk. The Namakkal Fort
is said to have been built by them. The Gathi Mudaliars were incharge of the
most dangerously exposed province of the Nayak Kingdom with
Kaveripuram on the right bank of the Cauvery as their strategic capital
commencing one of the principal passes to the Mysore plateau. The centre
of then power seems, however to have been Taramangalam where they built
a grand edifice of a temple. It is said that their domination extended as far as
Talaivasal to the east, Dharapuram in Coimbatore District in the south. The
forts of greatest strategic importance held by the Gathi Mudaliars were
Omalur and Attur.
Several places in Coimbatore were taken by Kantirave Narasa Raja of
Srirangapatinam from Gathi Mudaliars in 1611 A.D. After 11 years, he seized
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Baramahal including Viralahadradurg, Pennagaram, Dharmapuri and
Denkanikotta in 1654 A.D., he took over Hosur from Chandra Sankar Dodda
Devaraju the king of Mysore wrested Omalur from the Gathi Mudaliars and
thus erased them out of political scene. The aggression of Marattas,
however checked the power of the Mysore Kings. For a time Baramahal and
Talaghat passed into the hands of Marattas. In 1688-89 A.D., Chikka Deva
Raya king of Mysore felt strong enough once again to invade Baramahal and
wrested Dharmapuri, Manukonda, Omalur Paramathi, Kaveripatinam and
Attur were also retrieved by Chika Deva Raya and the whole district of
Salem came under his control before his death in 1704 A.D. Meanwhile
Abdul Nabikhan of Nawab of Cuddapah extended his possession towards
South and by 1714 A.D., he made himself master of the Baramahal.
By about 1750 A.D., Hyder Ali was in power in Mysore Baramahal came
under his sway in 1760 A.D. By 1767 A.D., the British Government at
Madras planned an attack on Hyder Ali and seized Kaveripattinam without
serious opposition. Krishnagiri was then besieged. Meanwhile, reinforcement
was brought by Hyder Ali and they drove away the British. Thus,
Kaveripattinam was recaptured. Some months later the British made another
invasion on the Baramahal. Further, South Dharmapuri, Salem, Attur,
Sendamangalam and Namakkal were surrendered to the British without
serious difficulties. The victory, however, was shortlived because Hyder Ali
soon recaptured Dharmapuri, Denkanikota, Omalur, Salem and Namakkal.
During the period of second Mysore war, Salem District was in the hands of
Hyder Ali.
Tippu Sultan succeeded Hyder Ali and proved to be a formidable power. The
British made an alliance with the Marattas and the Nizam and started the
third Mysore war in 1790 A.D., in order to curb the power of Tippu Sultan. A
wing of the British forces stationed itself fully reinforced at Kaveripattinam.
Even though Tippu Sultan rushed to this spot with his full force, he could not
dislodge the British. A number of alternations took place between the
commanding forces in the Baramahal area. In 1791, Hosur, Anjetti, Nilgiri
and Ratnagiri came under the British Royakotta and many other small forts
fell without much resistance. In 1791 Tippu sent a force from the South
along the Tippu pass. In the battle at Pennagaram they surrendered to the
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        British. In 1792 A.D., a peace treaty was signed between Tippu and
English. According to this, a half of the dominion of Tippu was taken away.
The whole of Salem District except the Balaghat and a portion of Hosur
came into the hands of the British. The first British Collector had is
headquarters at Krishnagiri on strategic consideration.
The last Mysore war in 1799 added up several places in Hosur Taluk like
Nilgiri, Anjetti, Durgam, Ratnagiri and Kelamangalam which were recaptured
by British. After the fall of Srirangapattinam in which Tippu Sultan lost his life
the Balaghat area was also added to Salem District. The present
Dharmapuri District was then the part of the Salem District. The British on
their victory over Tippu had control over this area since 1792 A.D. During the
British rule in the country and even till 1947 there was no separate district
except Dharmapuri as one of the taluks of Salem District. This was formed
as a separate district in 1965 with it headquarters at Dharmapuri.
Eminent Personalities
C. Rajagopalachari
(10.12.1878 to 25.12.1972)
A leader gifted with amazing intellectual brilliance, a multifaceted
personality, popularly known as „Rajaji‟ was born in Thorapalli, an
interior village near Hosur in Dharmapuri district. He held the
position of Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu during the pre and post
Independent periods. He had the distinction of being the first Indian
to occupy the position of Viceroy and he was also the last Governor
General of India. An eloquent speaker and a great writer his works
are cherished even today. From the presidentship of Salem town
municipality to the Governor General of India, he bestowed luster on
the positions he held.
Subramanya Siva
(04.10.1884 to 23.07.1925)
The relentless freedom fighter and heroic patriot Subramanya Siva
chose Papparapatti village in Pennagaram taluk as the center of
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activities during his last years of life. He came to Papparapatti
in 1921. Though his efforts to establish a Bharatashram at
Papparapatti did not materialize, the land donated to him for this
purpose is still used for public purposes and has in it the samadhi of
Subramanya Siva. Despite his illness and the severe restrictions
imposed on him by the British government, he did a lot in
enlightening the people in political matters and introducing order in
their public life. Through his dramas and bhajans, he sought to bring
about consciousness among the people of their rich tradition and
culture. He was the author of the journal Jnanabhanu. The books
Ramanuja Vijayam and Madhya vijayam were written by him.
Language and Culture
          The inhabitants of the district speak different languages.
           The Balaghat area consisting of Hosur and North
           Western portion of Krishnagiri taluk is a multi-lingual
           area where Tamil, Kanarese, Telugu and Hindi speaking
           people are living.
          The predominant communities found in this area are
           the Kapus, Lingayaths, Okkaligas, Baliya Chetties,
           Oddars and Scheduled Castes like Holeyas and
           Madigas.
          The weavers of this area mostly belong to Sali Chetties.
          The Baramahal area comprising eastern part of the
           Krishnagiri, Hosur and Dharmapuri taluks constitutes
           Telugu and Tamil speaking communities majority of
           whom belong to Vanniars, Kongu Vellalas and Gollas.
           Telugu Chettiars Okkaligas and Senaikudyars.
          The Malayali tribe is inhabited in the Chitheri Hills areas.
           Among the Scheduled Caste population Adi-Dravidars
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                and Arunthathiars form major share who scattered
           throughout the district.
Monuments and Memorials
Adhiyamankottam
The capital of Adhiyamans, ancient rulers of Tagadur, was
Adhiyamankottam which is situated on the Salem-Dharmapuri road
at a distance of 7 Km from Dharmapuri. The ruins of the roughly
oval shaped fort is still there. The Chenraya Perumal temple is the
biggest of the lot which is held as a protected monument which is
believed to have been constructed both by the King Krishna Deva
Raya and Hoysala Kings. There is a mandapam which leads to the
sanctum sanctorium. There are paintings in the ceiling depicting
scenes from the Mahabaratham, Viswarupa dharshan of Lord
Krishna and some scenes from Ramayana and is still pleasing to
the eye. All the paintings are belonging to 13 century.
Rajaji Memorial -Thorapalli
In memory of the great leader Rajaji, the Tamil Nadu Government
has converted the house in Thorapalli where Rajaji was born, as a
memorial. It is located 10 Km from Hosur near Onnalvadi. Some of
his belongings and a photo gallery depicting his various walks of life
are displayed here.
Subramanya Siva Memorial –Papparapatti
A monument built in memory of the great patriot Subramanya Siva
in his samadhi near Papparapatti, Pennagaram Taluk.
Rayakottah
Rayakottah, a hill fort, situated at a distance of 30 Km from Hosur
marks the border of the Palghat plateau. Even after the Mysore
wars, for the British it was a strategic place where their troops were
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stationed till 1861. The ramparts and the bastions of the fort
are more or less intact. The fort is a protected monument.
 Tourist Places
Hogenakal Falls
Hogenakal is situated at the borders of Karnataka at 46 kms from
Dharmapuri. In Hogenakal the river Cauvery enters into Tamil Nadu
as a big river with gushing water presentably as a natural falls.
The name Hogenakal is derived from Kannada means 'Smoky
Rocks'. The river when falls on the rock below, the gushing force of
water resembles like smoke emanating from the rocks. At
Hogenakal the water spreads for miles around and on these waters
cruising on country made dinghies (PARISAL) is possible. Parisal
ride will give an enthralling experience. Surrounding by hills at
various heights Hogenakal offers the visitors a different ambience
and refreshing relaxations. One could also take bath in the falls. Oil
massaging by local people is a different experience. As the river
flows throughout the year Hogenakal can be visited all days through
the year. There are enough transport facility available from
Dharmapuri & Krishnagiri.
Krishnagiri Dam (KRP Dam)
Krishnagiri dam is situated at a distance of 7 Kms from Krishnagiri.
It is in between Dharmapuri and Krishnagiri. Thousands of acres of
land around Krishnagiri is irrigated with the help of this dam. This is
a famous tourist spot too. This dam is flooded with tourists during
the week ends.
Theerthamalai
Theerthamalai is an important scacred place in Harur taluk of
Dharmapuri District. Shri Theerthagirishwarar Temple is located at
the top of a hillock. Chola and Vijayanagara Kings donated
liberally to this temple. A lot of devotees throng the temple during
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     the Mahashivarathiri. The Department of Tourism has a Guest
Houses for the benefit of the devotees. Theerthamalai is declared
as an important tourist spot in Dharmapuri District.
Thally
This is 25 Kms from Hosur situated near the Karnataka state. The
area is covered by a number of hills. The climate is chill round the
year. It is called Little England. The taluk headquarters is
Denkanikottai. The fort at Denkanikottai is built by Palayakarar in
1530 AD. The fort is destroyed during war with Hyder Ali and Tippu
Sultan. There is a temple for Venugopala Swami. Car festival is
held during the month of May every year. Thousands of devotees
visit during this festival.
Hanumanthathirtham
This place is situated on the bank of Pennaiyar at a distance of 10
Km from Uthangarai and traditionally associated with Tirtamalai. It
is believed that Hanuman who was instructed by Lord Rama to get
the water from the Ganges for his penance at Tirtamalai which he
could not do it in time. So Rama was said to have done
Asthrapryogam and got it. Disapponted at this, Hanuman was said
to have thrown down the vessel in which he brought the holy water
and this spilled water is believed to be the „Hanumantirtham‟. The
water is considered sacred and during the Tamil month of Aadi
(July-August) people frequent this spot.
Horticulture
Dharmapuri district forms a major horticultural belt in the state. As
the area is drought – prone it has become essential to switch over
to cultivation of drought tolerant perennial fruit crops in this district.
Mango is the main horticulture crop of this District. It has the highest
area under the fruit crops . The district accounts for nearly one-third
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area under mango and nearly one-half of the mango yield in
the state. Almost all types of fruits and vegetables are cultivated in
Dharmapuri District. Dharmapuri District is very famous for mango.
Nearly 80% of the products are of Thottapuri variety (Banglora)
commonly referred as Kilimukku. The district has the 2nd highest
area under tomato and accounts for 22% of the area in the state.
Palacode is the main area where tomato is cultivated. Chilli is
cultivated mainly at Pennagaram.
Fisheries
Dharmapuri being an inland district , fishing is restricted to inland
only here. Main varieties of fish available are katla, rogu, mirgal,
common and corp.
Mineral Resources
Dharmapuri district is endowed with sizeable reserves of granite.
High quality black granite is available in Pennagaram, Harur and
Palacode blocks.
Quartz is available at Kendiganapalli Village of Pennagaram Taluk,
A.Velampatti of Harur taluk and Pethathampatti of Pappireddipatti
Taluk.
Another High value mineral available here is Molybdenum, which is
identified as a good conductor. It is available in Harur.

Dindigul District
History
Dindigul district was carved out of the composite Madurai District on 15.9.85
and named after one of the illustrious son of Tamil Nadu, Thiru.C.N.
Annadurai who was affectionately called as Anna by one and all.
Dindigul, which was under the rule of the famous Muslim Monarch,
Tippusultan, has a glorious past. The historical Rock Fort of this district was
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      constructed by the famous Naik King Muthukrishnappa Naicker. It is
located between 10005” and 100 9” North Latitude and 77030” and
78020” East Longitude.
This district is bound by Erode, Coimbatore, Karur and Trichy districts on the
North, by Sivaganga and Tiruchi District on the East, by Madurai district on
the South and by Theni and Coimbatore Districts and Kerala State on the
West. It is spread over on area of 6266.64 Sq. Km. It comprises of 3
Revenue Divisions, 7 Taluks and 14 Panchayat Unions, According to 2001
Census, its population is 19,18,960.

For a long time, Dindigul town has been associated with Iron locks, Iron safe
of good quality and durability. A lock manufacturing unit under co-operative
sector is functioning here. Another industry for which Dindigul is noted is
Leather Training. The widely known “Angu Vilas scented Tobacco” and
“Roja Supari” are produced in this town and are being sent to various places
in our State and outside. It is flourishing industry gives employment to vide
section of people.
This district is having a flourishing handloom industry at Chinnalapatti, which
is located at 11 Kms away from Dindigul on the Madurai-Dindigul road. Art –
Silk sarees and sungudi. Sarees Produced in Chinnalapatti are famous
through out India. More than 1000 families are engaged in this Industry.
Dindigul city which is an important wholesale market for Onion and
Groundnut has the network of inter-district roads connecting Coimbatore,
Erode, Tiruchi, Karur, Madurai and Sivaganga District.
Educationally, Dindigul is a well developed and popular city. It has got many
High and Higher Secondary Schools to its credit. St.Marry‟s Higher
Secondary School, a well disciplined Institution is one of the oldest
institutions in this city. This district has the credit of having two Universities,
viz, Mother Theresa University for Women at Kodaikanal and Gandhigram
Rural Deemed University at Gandhigram. Also a number of Engineering
Colleges, Arts & Science Colleges, Politechnics, ITIs are available through-
out the district.
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This district is privileged to have one of the “Six Celebrated Hill
Abodes of          “Lord Muruga” at Palani Hills, where the famous
Dhandayuthapani Temple is situated on the hilly rock at a height of about
450 mts.
Thousands of pilgrims come down to this holy temple every day particularly
during festival days, like “Thaipoosam, Adi-kiruthigai, Panguni Uthiram,
Sura-samharam, Vaikasi-visagam and monthly Karthigai".                 Provision of
three Electric Winches, the first of its kind in India is unique feature of this
temple. It facilitates the aged, children and the disabled to reach the temple
in 8 minutes. The income of the temple, which is the Largest in the State, is
growing year by year.
Besides this famous Murugan Temple, there is also another Murugan temple
at Thirumalaikeni, 25 Km. away from Dindigul town which is becoming a
growing pilgrim centre. Abirami Amman temple in Dindigul town and Raja
Kaliamman Temple at Thethupatti 20 Km. away from Dindigul are the other
important Temples which attract several thousand pilgrims.
Kodaikkanal, a popular Summer Resort, located at an altitude of 2133
meters in the Western Ghats is the “Princess of Hill Stations”. A notable
feature of this Hillock is “Kurunji” flowers blooming once in 12 years . Next
blooming in the year 2006. It is also famous for potato cultivation.
Peranai and Sirumalai are the two fine picnic spots of this district. There are
four dams viz, Palar Porundalar, Varathamanathi, , Parappalar in Palani
Taluk and Maruthanathi in Dindigul Taluk augment irrigation facilities to
agricultural fields in this district. Nilakkottai town is famous for Brass Vessels
and Jewellery. Nilakkottai Taluk is famous for the growing and marketing of
flowers and Grapes. Oddanchatram is a noted market centre for vegetables.
It is also famous for the export of Butter, manufactured in the nearby villages
using cream separators. Batlagundu is an important market centre for
Tomato. Pattiveeranpatti in Vathalagundu Block is famous for Cardamom
and Coffee curing enterprises.
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   Places of Interest in Dindigul
District
Dindigul - Fort
The Huge Hill at Dindigul, if we see it from one angle, looks like
Pillow ('Dhindu') and hence the City is known as Dindigul. On this at
a height of 280 ft. In the year 1605 Madurai King 'Muthu Krishna
Naicker' started the construction of this Fort. In 1623 to 1659
Mannar Thirumalai Naicker completed this. In 1755 Hyder Ali was
escorting Fakhr-Un-Nisha his wife and Five years old Tipu to
Dindigul. From 1784 to 1790 the Fort was under the rule of 'Tipu
Sultan'. In 1784, the Tipu's commandant Syed Ibrahim, under
whose care the Fort was, constructed many rooms in the Fort,
strenthend the walls and also got repaired. During the year 1790 in
the Mysore war Tipu was defeated and the Fort came into the hands
of English.
Begambur Big Mosque
During the rule of Hyder Ali at Dindigul, he constructed three
Mosques - One for himself for Namaz, 2nd for his soldiers
underneath Rock Fort and 3rd in the south of Rock Fort for public
and gave more grants for the maintenance and upkeep of the same.
In Hijri 1187 (1766AD) Ameer-un-Nisha Begum, the wife of Killedar
MirRiza Ali khan and the younger sister of Hyder Ali Bahadur, was
dead and buried in the Begambur Mosque compound itself. A Tomb
was constructed on it. In memory of the Royal lady this part of
Dindigul is known as Begambur.
Sirumalai - Hill Resort
This is on the way to Natham from Dindigul. This can be reached
from Madurai also.
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Thadikombu - Perumal Temple
This is 5 Km. from Dindigul on the way to Karur. During Chitra
Month, Lord Alagar will have 12 days of special Pooja. During Full
moon day of the month Lord Alagar will be on procession of Ethir
Servai.
Sri Kottai Mariamman Kovil
This Temple is more than 200 years old. The Mariamman idol is
said to be installed by the army men of Tippu Sultan at the fort of
the mountain. Hence it is called Kottai (Fort) Mariamman temple.
The temple is constructed in the shape of a square. There is a
temple for Vetri Vinayaka at the South & Lord Muruga at the North
of this temple. There is a Mandapam (Hall) in the centre of the
ground in which there is a sculpture of a Lion facing the Sannidhi.
The Sanctum Sanctorum is small & square shaped. The deity
consecrated (Moolavar) is seen here, embedded deeply under the
floor.
Here are several sculpture on the sniper structure over the Sanctum
Sanctorum, depicting various incarnations of the goddess
Mariamman. All the four sides, various scenes showing the
destroying of monster by the goddess are seen. On the eastern side
over the Amman Sannidhi is a temple for Vinayaka, and on western
side a temple for Madurai Veeran. On the front side of Sannidhithe
Navagraha idols are installed. On the back side of the temple, there
is an idol of Kaalhi & another one for Dhurga. The temple is situated
in such a large are a as 2 acres. The golden shield will adorn the
deity on every day between 5 PM to 9 PM. The temple is run by a
board of Trustees.
Dindigul - Abirami amman Temple
This is located in the centre of the city. During Navarathri Goddess
Abirami will be on Kolu. There will be One Lakh Archana to the
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      Goddess Gnamambikal. During the Fridays of Adi month
there will be a Procession of Goddess Abirami on a flower Pallak.
Dindigul - St.Joseph Church (100 years
old)
This Church was Constructed Since 1866 to 1872 by British. This is
the Head Church of all other Roman Catholic Churches in Dindigul
District.
Nadupatti - Anjaneyar Temple
This is located in Nilakottai Taluk. 35 Kms from Dindigul. This can
be reached from Madurai also. This Temple is near river side. Most
of the time the statue will be in water.

HISTORY OF PALANI
Palani Hill Temple and the Idol "Lord Murugan" is the deity of the
Tamil Land. Palani (Tiru Avinankudi) is the third Padai Veedu. The
temple at Palani is an ancient one, situated at an elevation of 1500
feet above sea level. It is a charming campus from where one can
take a look at the Idumban Hill, the Kodaikanal Hills, the Western
Ghats, the greenery of the paddy fields, rivers, tanks, Palani town
and the colleges. On a lovely, clear and mist-free day, the Kurinci
Andavar Temple is visible from here against the bright Sun. In
daytime, Palani is Hill Beautiful; at night, it is Hill Resplendent.
The deity of Palani is known as Dandayudhapani Swami, the Lord
having the Staff in his Hand. The deity at the sanctum sanctorum is
made out of an amalgam of nine minerals popularly called
Navabashana. The deity is in a standing position with a baton in his
hand. He has the look of a person who has renounced all worldly
pomp. He has just a loincloth besides the baton. He is a mute
messenger of the great precept 'Renounce all to reach Me'. The
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icon is unique in the whole world. It was made by siddha
Bhogar by combining nine poisonous substances (navabashana).
Murugan signifies beauty and Lord Murugan of Kurinji land is the
god of Beauty and Youth.
Palani has been mentioned in the Tamil Sangam Literature as
"Podhini", which came to be called as "Palani" later, according to
the historions. In "Thirumurukatruppadai" ( a Sangam Literature )
Palani has been mentioned as the 3rd "PadaiVeedu". This was the
southern end of the Kongu Nadu and edicts refer to this place as
"Vaiyapuri Nadu" , which was ruled by king "Vaiyapuri
Kopperumbaegan". Many "Siddhas" are said to have lived in this
region. The idol of Palani Andavar is said to have been made of
"Navapashanam" ( a combination of Veeram, Pooram, Rasam,
Jathilingam, Kandagam, Gauri Pasanam, Vellai Pasanam,
Mridharsingh, Silasat), by a siddhar called Bhogar. It is also claimed
by many that the materials of abhishegam like milk, sandalpaste,
etc., attain medicinal properties on being poured over Lord
Palaniandavar‟s idol and they have cured many diseases, when
taken by the patients. It is a speciality of Palani.
 Height of the Hill Temple         : 150 M
           Total no. of Steps                  : 693
           Direction the Temple                : Towards WEST
           Pragaram around the Hill (Giriveethi) :      2.4 KM
FESTIVALS
Every year, there are many minor festivals and a few major festivals
are conducted at Palani. Agni Nakshatram, Kandhar Shasti,
Thirukkarthigai, Thai Poosam and Panguni Uthiram are the major
festivals, which are attended by pilgrims from Tamil Nadu, Andhra,
Kerala, Karnataka and other states. This attendance of devotees
indicates the National integration of the country.
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     CHITRA POURNAMI
On this day, a ten-day festival is conducted at Arulmigu
Lakshminarayana perumal temple. At the Periyanayakiamman
Temple also, Lord Muthukumara Swamy, along with Valli and
Deivanai, rides in the silver car along the streets around the Temple.
AGNI NAKSHATRAM
This is one of the important festivals at Palani. During the last 7
days of Chitrai and the first 7 days of the following
month(i.e.Vaikasi) the devotees of Lord Muruga go around the Hill
by foot, early in the mornings. As per the Palani mythology, it is
considered holy to worship the Hill temple from afar or from near or
go around it. It is also called Girivalam. It is an age old practice. In
ancient days the siddhas, rishis, saints and other noble persons
followed this practice. Girivalam gives mental peace, the medicinal
herbs around the hillock cure many physical diseases. Nowadays
people go around the temple by wearing Kadamba Flower
VAIKASI FESTIVAL (VISAKAM)
This is celebrated for ten days. At the Perianayaki amman temple, it
is celebrated for 10 days with procession every day. There is car
festival on the 10th day(i.e Visakam). Visakam is Lord Muruga‟s
birthday star. This is celebrated at all Murugan Temples. At
Thiruchendur also this is observed in a grand manner.
AANI-ANNABHISHEKAM
During the Tamil month of Aani(3rd month of the Tamil year)
Annabhishekam (abhishekam with fragrant cooked rice) is
conducted at Thiruvavinankudi Temple, Hill Temple, Periyanayagi
Amman temple and Periyavudaiyar Temple. On Aani Uthiram Day,
abhisekam is performed to Lord Nataraja and a procession is
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conducted with the Lord in the Company of the icons of the
four Tamil Saints.
FESTIVALS IN AADI
1. Aadi Perukku: From Perianayaki amman Temple, Lord
Kailasanathar and Amman go to Periyavudaiyar Koil and after
performing "Kannimar Pooja" return in a procession .
2. Aadi Krithigai: This is celebrated in a grand way at Palani.
Devotees carry flower-Kavadi to Lord Muruga and Worship.
3. Aadi Amavasai: On this day many devotees offer „tonsure‟ on
the banks of Shanmuga River and climb the Hill for worship. In the
book of Palani mythology this has been mentioned in the chapter on
„Shanmuga Nadi‟. Devotees consider that they get cleansed of their
sins once they bathe in the Shanmuga River.
4. Aadi Laksharchana: At Periyanayaki Amman Temple, this is
conducted well , and Amman (Goddess Periyanayaki) is given
special abhishekam and decoration . On the last day of the function,
Amman is adorned with the "Golden Kavacham".
KANDHAR SHASTI (SOORA SAMHARAM)
This is a very important festival at Palani, during the 6 days in the
month of Aippasi (7th Tamil month). This is based on the
mythological story of Lord Muruga Killing the demons. On this day
only (once in a year) the Lord comes down the Hill, and after
vanquishing the demons, ascends the Hill again. This is associated
with Kandhar Shasti. The four demons (Gajamugan, Tharagan,
Singamugan and Surapadman) are won by the Lord. It is a grand
sight to see the dramatic representation of this. On this day
devotees observe total fasting as they consider that this will offset
all their sins.
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     THIRUKKARTHIGAI
From Thirugnanasambandar‟s statement "Ancient Karthigai day",
we known about the age-old practice of this festival. It falls on
Karthigai Day in the Tamil month of Karthigai. It is celebrated for 10
days and daily "Chinna Kumarar" goes in procession in the small
golden carriage. On Karthigai day, he goes in the Golden Car. On
the 10th day, woman devotees light lamps and worship Murugan.
This is done in Thiruvavinankudi, Periyanayagi Amman Temple and
the Hill Temple.This is a very important day for devotees. Every
month also, an Karthigai day, devotees visit Palani.
MARKAZHI POOJA
During the Tamil month of Markazhi (9th month) the Hill Temple
opens at 3 A.M, and recital of Thiruvembavai is done. The early
morning Pooja is done in all the main Temples in Palani. The recital
of Thiruppavai is done at Perumal temple.
THAI POOSAM
This is a very important festival , associated with pilgrimage to
Palani. Devotees from Tamil Nadu reach Palani by foot (Pada
Yathra) and worship. Begining with flag-hosting at
Perianayagiamman Temple, this festival runs on for 10 days. Kavadi
of various types (with holy water, sugar, flowers, tender co-conuts,
etc., ) are offered to Murugan at Palani.
On the 6th day, there is procession of Lord Muruga with Valli and
Deivanai in the Silver Car. During this, Kavadi dance and rural
musical-dance are performed. On the 7 th day there is "Thai Thaer"
(wooden Car) and thousands of devotees participate in this. On the
7th day "Chinna Kumarar" goes round in His Golden Car.
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PANGUNI UTHIRAM
This also is a very important festival here, and is celebrated for 10
days, devotees carry Kavadies with holy water (from sacred rivers),
sugar, tender co-conut etc. During these 10 days, we can see
various     rural    dances      like    "Oyilattam,    Thappattam,
Dhidumattam,Velanattam, Samiyattam"etc., along with rural songs.
The rural music is an important part of Paunguni uthiram festival.
The main feature of Panguni Uthiram is the offering of "Theertham"
(Posts of Holy water) from Kodumudi. Lord Palaniandavar is given
abhishekam with this holy water. The devotees carrying Kavadi to
Palani sing Kavadi - songs throughout their „Padayathra‟ and these
songs are ancient oral songs.
On the 1st day, there is flag hoisting at Thiruvavinankugi Temple
and on all the 10 days Lord Muthukumara Swamy with Sri Valli and
Sri Deivanai goes in procession around the Palani Hill. On the 7th
day there is "Car Festival" and this is attended by thousands of
devotees. During these days the Lord also is given special reception
and pooja at many „mandapams‟ in the Palani Adivaram area. It is a
grand sight to see Lord Muruga with his concerts during these
processions.
Other Festivals
Other festivals of importance are the 10-day Vaikaci Vicâkam, with
the car festival on the Vicâkam day, the Tiru Kârttikai, Thai
Âmâvasai, Tamil New Year's day and festival of the Cauvery on
18th Âdi. Throughout the Tamil month of Margazhi (mid December
to mid January) the Tiruppalli Ezhuchi is celebrated with temples
opening at 4 a.m. for special services.
The Devasthânam issues a festival calendar every year and a
separate programme folder for each festival
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     Aarupadai Veedu
The poet Nakeerar of the Sangam Age sang many songs in praise
of the Lord, among them the well known composition
Tirumurugartrupadai which describes the six most important abodes
of Lord Muruga (Aarupadai Veedu). They are:
  1. Tirupparunkunram
  2. Tiruchendur
  3. Palani
  4. Swamimalai
  5. Tiruttani and
  6. Palamuthircholai.


KODAIKKANAL - A Beautiful Hill
Resort
With its temperate, climate and an average of 12 hours sun every
day, Kodaikkanal is one of the most popular hill resorts in India.
The splendor of the summer day is never so gorgeous as in
Kodaikkanal. It is a lovely hill resort on the Palani hills in the
Dindigul district of TamilNadu.         With its rocks, woods and
woodland ways, lovely lake and bracing air, Kodaikkanal is an ideal
hill resort for the tourists. The Kodaikkanal Observatory,
surmounting the hill is one of the most important and the only one
of its kind institutions in India for the study of meteorology, solar
physics and allied subjects.
Area 21 . 45 Sq. Kms
Population 32,931 ( 2001Censes)
Altitude 2133 meters above sea level
Heavy rain Season between October and December.
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Clothing Light woolens in the evening during Summer and
heavy woolens during winter.
Language Spoken Tamil and English.
Season April to June and September to October.
But visited throughout the year.
Summer Festival Celebrated in the month of May every year.
Flower show also held during the Summer Festival.
IMPORTANT PLACES OF INTEREST
1.       LAKE
The 24 - hectare lake skirted by a 5km long block for road, is the
focal point of Kodai. This lake was created in 1863 by Sir Vere Henry
Levinge (1819 - 1885) who was previously the Collector of Madurai,
who retired and settled in Kodai. He constructed the bund to form a
lake and stocked the lake with fish. He brought the first boat from
Tuticorin. In 1890, a boat club was formed and members of the club
set sail. In 1910 a new boat house was constructed. The boat service
was opened to the public and tourists as well in 1932.
2. BRYANT PARK
This park is situate d on the eastern side of the lake. It is noted for
its flowers, hybrids and grafts. Cut flowers are exported from here. A
glass house which shelters fine varieties of flowers can be seen here.
The Flower Show is conducted every year during May, as part of the
Summer Festival, should be seen everyone.
3.       SOLAR PHYSICAL OBSERVATORY
It is situated 32 Kms from the lake. This Observatory was founded in
1989. Located at on elevation of 2343 metres, this observatory is the
highest point in Kodai. Visitors can observe the stars and the planets.
Check out visiting hours and make a prior appointment.
4. COAKER'S WALK
The hill-edged pathway was identified by Er. Cooker in 1872. About a
Kilo metre from the lake. Coaker's walk runs along a steep slope on
the southern side of Kodai. It offers some of the best views of the
plains. Entry fee is Collected here.
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       5.       THE PILLAR ROCKS
Three boulders stand here, shoulder to shoulder, vertically measuring
122 meters , providing a majestic sight . Pillar Rocks is 7.4 KMs from
the lake. It has a mini garden with lovely flowers.
6. SILVER CASCADE
It is 8 KMs Kodai lake. The overflow of Kodai lake comes down here
as a 180 feet high waterfall. Those interested can have a bath here.
7. KURINJI POO (FLOWER) DETAILS
It is flowering once in 12 years. Last flowered year - 1992. During
that period the honey of this place is more and good for health.
8. KURINJI ANDAVAR TEMPLE
The temple, situated 3 Kms from the lake, is a famous shrine
dedicated to Lord Murugan. This temple is associated with the Kurinji
flowers which blooms once in 12 years. Next Blooming year is 2006.
Kurinji also means hill region in Tamil literature, and 'Andavar' means
God. Hence Lord Muruga is referred to as the God of the Hill here. From
this temple one can have a pleasant view of Palani and Vaigai dam.
9.      TELESCOPE HOUSE
The Telescope house at Coaker's Walk was constructed to enable
visitors to have a panoramic view of the valley and nearby towns. A
fee is collected to use the telescope .
10.         GREEN VALLEY VIEW
It is about 5 .5 Kms from the lake and very near the Golf Club. This
point commands a beautiful view of the entire Vaigai dam. As the
Valley here is very deep, dense and dangerous. This place was
once known as "suicide point".
11.         MOER POINT
Moer Point provides a lovely view of the valley. It is just 3 KMs from
the Pillar Rock - Berijam Lake Road.
12.      SILENT VALLEY VIEW
Just a little away from the Pillar Rock - Berijam Lake Road, is Silent
Valley View which provides a breathtaking view of Silent Valley.
Children are carefully.
13. BERIJAM LAKE VIEW
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This place provides a panoramic landscape view of Berijam Lake
and is located just before one reaches the lake . This viewpoint is 19
KMs from Kodaikkanal Lake .
14. FAIRY FALLS
A delightful picnic spot just 5 KMs away from the Kodaikkanal Lake. There is
a wondrous waterfall here.
15 . CHETTIAR PARK
Tucked away in the northeastern corner of the town , on the way to
Kurinji Andavar Temple, the Chettiar Park is a charming place to stop
by .
16. SHENBAGANUR MUSEUM
The museum is maintained by the Sacred Heart College - a Theological
Seminary founded in 1895. It is devoted to preserving certain
archaeological remains and the flora and fauna of the hills, One of the
best Orchidarinams in the country, over 300 species of exotic orchids
are housed here. It is about 5.6 KMs from the lake. Father Ugarthe,
a Spaniard contributed his many private collections to the Museum.
Entrance fee is Rs.1/- per head . Visiting hours - 10 am to 11.30 a.m
and 3 pm. to 5 p.m.


ERODE DISTRICT
Introducion
Erode District lies on the extreme north of Tamil Nadu. It is
bounded mostly by Karnataka State and also River Palar covers
pretty long distance. To the East lies Namakkal and Karur Districts.
Dindigal District is its immediate neighbour to the South and on the
West, it has Coimbatore and Nilgiri Districts, as its boundaries.
Thus Erode District is essentially a land-locked area having no sea-
cost of its own. Erode District situated at between 10 36” and 11
58” North Latitude and          between 76 49” and 77 58” East
Longitude.
176
      The region comprised in the district can be portrayed as a long
undulating plain gently sloping towards the river Cauvery in the
south-east. The three major tributaries of river Cauvery viz.
Bhavani, Noyyal and Amaravathy drain the long stretch of
mountains in the north. A part of the eastern boundary of the district
is formed by river Cauvery, entering the district from Salem and
flowing in a southernly direction.
Brief History of the District and its
formation:
Erode District was a part of Coimbatore has its history intervened with that of
Coimbatore and because of its close linkage with the erstwhile Coimbatore
district. It is very difficult to separately deal with the history of Erode region.
Together with the area comprised in the Coimbatore district, it formed part of
the ancient Kongu country known as "Kongu Nadu" history of which dates
back to the Sangam era. It is found that in the early days, this area was
occupied by tribes, most prominent among them being the "Kosars"
reportedly having their headquarters at 'Kosamputhur' which is believed to
have in due course become Coimbatore. These tribes were overpowered by
the Rashtrakutas from whom the region fell into the hands of the Cholas who
ruled supreme during the time of Raja Chola. On the decline of Cholas, the
Kongunadu came to be occupied by the Chalukyas and later by the Pandyas
and Hoysalas. Due to internal dissension in the Pandian Kingdom, the
Muslim rulers from Delhi interfered and thus the area fell into the hands of
Madurai Sultanate. This region was later wrested by             Vijaya Nagar rulers
after over throwing the Madurai Sultanate. For a few years, the area
remained under Vijaya Nagar rule and later under the independent control of
Madurai Nayakas. The rule of Muthu Veerappa Nayak and later that of
Tirumalai Nayak were marked by internal strife and intermittent wars which
ruined the Kingdom. As a result of this, the Kongu region in which the
present Erode District is situated, fell into the hands of the Mysore rulers
from whom Hyder Ali took over the area. Later, consequent of the fall of
Tippu Sultlan of Mysore in 1799, the Kongu region came to be coded to the
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East India Company by the Maharaja of Mysore who was restored to
power by the company after defeating Tippu Sulltan. From then, till 1947
when India attained independence, the area remained under British control
who initiated systematic revenue administration in the area.
Jurisdictional Changes:
Erode District came into being as a result of the bifurcation of Coimbatore
District, through the G.O.Ms.No.1917, Revenue dated 31.08.1979. Bhavani,
Dharapuram, Erode and Sathyamangalam taluks were included in
Coimbatore district which had a composite character, at the beginning of the
century.       Of these, Sathyamangalam Taluk was renamed as
Gobichettipalayam taluk retaining Sathyamangalam as a sub-taluk. In 1975,
Sathyamangalam sub-taluk was upgraded into a taluk. In 1979 Perundurai
Sub Taluk was upgraded into taluk and 1981 Kangayam Sub Taluk was
upgraded in;to taluk. These seven taluks were grouped together to constitute
the new district of Erode.
Now Erode District consists of 7 taluks viz., Sathyamangalam, Bhavani,
Gobichettipalayam, Perundurai, Erode, Kangayam and Dharapuram. There
are 5 Municipalities in the district viz., Sathyamangalam, Bhavani,
Gobichettipalayam, Erode and Dharapuram.             There are 59 Town
Panchayats and 3 Village Panchayats declared as Census Town as per
Census2001 and 539 Revenue Villages. There are 20 Community
Development Blocks in the district.
Rivers:
Bhavani, Cauvery, Amaravathy and Noyyal are the main rivers of the district.
Other significant rivers are Palar in the North, Vatamalaikarai odai and Uppar
rivers in the south. Palar constitutes the boundary between Erode district
and Karnataka State in the North. The Bhavanisagar main canal along with
the above mentioned rivers provide proper drainage and facilities for assured
irrigation in the district. Bhavani rises in the silent valley in Palghat ranges in
the neighbouring State of Kerala after receiving Siruvani, a perennial stream
of Coimbatore District and gets reinforced by the Kundah river before
entering Erode District in Gobichettipalayam.
178
       Bhavani is more or less a perennial river fed mostly by the South-West
monsoon. North-East monsoon also supplements its water resources. This
river runs for over hundred miles through Erode District traversing through
Bhavani and Gobichettipalayam taluks. It feeds the Bhavanisagar reservoir
which takes an easterly course flowing through Gobichettipalayam,
Sathyamangalam and Bhavani taluks before it ultimately joins river Cauvery
on the Salem borders.
Cauvery rising in the Coorg, is joined by many small tributaries. It turns
through Karnataka and at Hogenakal fall takes a sharp turn, east to south.
Before reaching this point, its main tributary, viz., river Kabini joins it. From
here it takes a south-easterly direction forming the boundary between
Bhavani taluk of Erode District and Tiruchengode taluk of the neighbouring
Namakkal District. After river Bhavani flows into it, the south-easterly course
is continued forming the boundary between Erode taluk of Erode District
and Tiruchengode taluk of Namakkal taluk.
Noyyal river is noted for its capricious nature. This is fed mostly by the
South-West monsoon but the North-East monsoon brings freshes and this
very often results in floods. Inspite of its unpredictable character, the river
helps to irrigate considerable areas in Palladam taluk of Coimbatore Distrtict
and Dharapuram taluk of Erode District. It has been recently in the news for
the pollution of the river
River Amaravathy which rises in the Travancore region of Kerala enters
Erode District from Udumalaippettai taluk in Coimbatore District. The river
flows through Dharapuram before it joins Cauvery in Karur District. The
Amaravathy Bridge has been in the current news
Industries and Trade:
In the Industrial map of Tamil Nadu, Erode district has a place of unique
importance with 40.32 percent of population depending on non-agricultural
sector. Industries and trade naturally occupy a place of prominence in the
economy of the district. Industries that flourished in early days in the area
were handloom weaving, carpet manufacturing, cart manufacturing, oil-
pressing, brass vessel manufacturing etc. Though these industries
flourished well in the early days, the advent of modern times changed the
fate of some of these well established ancient industries. Dharapuram which
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was noted for the manufacture of load carrying and passenger carts
lost its importance due to the advent of modern means of transport of two
wheelers viz. cycle, scooter, moped etc. However, the industry still survives
here and load carrying carts are still manufactured. Similarly, Bhavani which
was noted the world over for its very beautiful carpets, has shrunk into
insignificance and the industry is almost non-existent now. Bhavani, Erode
and Gobichettipalayam contribute to occupy important place in the field of
oil-pressing. The industry which has been able to totally withstand the on
slaught of modernisation has been the handloom weaving. Erode,
Chennimalai etc. still hold their way and the district is noted for its handloom
products, which include cotton sarees, bed-spreads, towels, furnishing
fabrics etc. Two other important production centers are Bhavani and
Jambai.
It is reported that more than 39212 power looms are functioning in Erode
District. There are 15 co-operative societies covering 3649 power looms.
The cotton textile industry in Coimbatore and handloom industry in Erode
district have encouraged the growth of various ancillary industries to meet
the needs of the textile mills. Chennimalai, Erode, Gobichettipalayam etc.,
are important centres where cotton ginning is carried on a large scale.
There are also important dying works in Erode, Chennimalai and Bhavani. A
number of factories engaged in cotton fabric printing are functioning in
Erode.
Rice milling is yet another industry which has been able to hold its own.
Erode, Bhavani ,Perundurai, Kangayam and Dharapuram are centers where
a number of rice mills are flourishing. These mills carry on lucrative trade in
the west coast. A number of lorries carrying boiled rice ply between the
centers and the delivery point in Kerala. There are a number of leather
tanneries in Erode and Dharapuram area. Large quantities of leather are
brought here for tanning and later exported to foreign countries.
The Government has also come forward to provide incentives to small
enterprenuers. Industrial estates have been set up at Erode and other
places where full facilities are offered to small industrialists. Small units
have been set up here for the manufacture of steel furniture, nuller screen,
180
      etc. There is also a unit at Erode for the manufacture of bolts and nuts
and screws.
Both manufactured items as well as agriculture commodities are included in
the trade items. Major items of export from the District are handloom
products, dairy products, raw cotton, rice etc. While the items brought are
mostly oil-seeds, coal etc. A large number of lorries, carrying various items
into and from the district ply day in and day out and no detailed statistics are
available regarding the flow of trade from and to the district.
Health:
Medical facilities are provided by the District Headquarters Hospital
at Erode and taluk hospitals at each taluk headquarters. Public
health activities are guided and supervised by the District Health
Officers Erode/Dharapuram and Joint Director of Medicals at Erode.
There is a Medical College at Perundurai run by the Road
Transport Corporation. There are 34 Primary Health Centres
under the control of District Health Officer at Erode and 32 Primary
Health Centres under the control of District Health Officer at
Dharapuram. These institutions provide succor to the suffering
people. 95 Bed facilities are available in 12 Primary Health Centres
of Erode District. Dispensaries are available in 12 villages. 221
Primary Health Sub-centres under the control of District Health
Officer at Erode and191 Primary Health Sub Centres under the
control of District Health Officer at Dharapuram.
Places of Historical, Religious and
Archaeological importance:
There are nearly 487 temples in Erode District. They are situated in
four taluks, Bhavani, Gobichettipalayam, Erode and Dharapuram.
Of the 207 places recognised as padal petra sthalam, there are two
temples found in Erode District viz., Bhavani and Kodumudi.
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Bhavani Sangameswarar temple is located at the junction of
two rivers, Bhavani and Cauvery, some 12 kilometres from Erode. It
is known as South Prayag and is having a Pagoda of 120 inch in
height. It is believed that Bhavani and Amudha (not visible now)
join Cauvery at this junction (Mukkoodal), like Jamuna and
Saraswathi (not visible) join with Ganges at Allahabad, Prayag). It
is said to have existed even before the days of the first Kind
Mahendravarma of Pallava dynasty. Thirugnanasambandar one of
the four Tamil saints has sung in praise of this temple. Poet
Vasudevan also gives the history of the temple in 'Bhavani Kudal
Puranam' written in Sanskrit.
Bannari Mariamman Temple is about 15 kms. from Bhavani Sagar
town on the road to Mysore. (75 kms away from Erode and 10 kms
distance from Sathyamangalam.) It is a place of pilgrimage during
the annual festival known as "Kundam" which takes place in the
middle of March every year. Pilgrims on that particular day can
roughly be estimated 5 lakhs hailing from Tamil Nadu, Kerala and
Karnataka States. Kundam or the fire spot where walking rakes
place is 60 feet in length and nearly 25 cart loads of fire wood are
piled and kindled. About a lakh of persons including men, women
and children participate in this walking.
Sri Aggnigunda Kali or Kodantha Kaliamman temple is another
one important temple situated 40 kms. from Erode and 3 kms. from
Gobichettipalayam. Also it is famous for fire walking to be held in
the month of January every year. More than a lakh of people will
attend this festival.
There is one Jain Temple at Vijayamangalam 25 kms. from Erode.
It was constructed by Jain King Konguvelir some 1,800 years back.
Chennimalali Sri Subramaniyaswamy Temple is situated on a hill
about 1750 feet height and nearly 35 kms. from Erode.
182
      Arunagirinathar and Kalamegapulavar have sung the Lord
Subramania here. There is a cave and it is believed that Pinnakku
Siddhar one of the 18 Siddhars of South, Saravanamunivar and
Sathiamuni lived and performed yoga in this cave.
Sri Magudeeswarar and Veeranarayana Perumal temple at
Kodumudi is situated in the bank of Cauvery river and nearly 40
kms. from Erode is one of the three places sung about Erode.
Saints Thirugnanasambandar, Thirunavukkarasar and Sundarar
visited this place and each one composed one Thevaram about this
temple. The special feature of this shrine is that Tirumurtis viz.,
Lord Brahama, Vishnu and Siva together in one and the same
place. The direct sun rays penetrate on the images of Swamy and
Amman for four days during the months of Avani and Panguni
(September and April). The Moolavar Sri Magudeeswararswamy is
a Swayambu Lingam. It is a very old temple (more than 1500 years
old). Pandiyan Kings made several renovations to this temple.
Adiperukku (July - August), Chithirai and Panguni Uthiram (April -
May) are the main festivals of this temple. At the time of Panguni
Uthiram festival, devotees carry 'Kavadi' to Palani Temple from
here. They used to take bath in the sacred Cauvery river and carry
the sacred water in a kalasam to Palani Murugan temple. More
than 5 lakhs of people come here for this festival every year and
most of the devotees carry the Kalasam having the sacred Cauvery
water, will walk the entire distance (nearly 120 kms.) to Palani.
The Sivanmalai Temple is about 45 kms. from Erode and the
temple dedicated to Lord Subramanian the hillock. In Aadi (July -
August) and Thai (January - February) there are two important
festivals celebrated here. Thaipoosam, Panguni Uthiram and
Skanda Shasti in the month of Aippasi (November) are the main
festivals of this temple. It is believed that God Sri Subramania, the
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presiding deity of this temple appears in dreams to a spiritual
man or woman and demand some offerings such as bicycle, silver
coins, gold chains movable and immovable things. The devotees
will bring them to the Temple and worship the God Subramania and
till now this is going on. Sri Arunagirinathar refers to Sivanmalai by
its ancient name Pattiari in Tiruppugazh.
Sri Kadu Hanumanthaswami temple is situated at Dharapuram,
80 kms. from Erode. The temple is mostly worshipped by people
belonging to Madhwa community. Hanuman is the son of Wind God
(Vayu Baghavan). To represent this, an opening is leflt above the
Sanctum Sanctornm enabling the presiding deity to enjoy wind, sun
and rain alike. It is rare to find any notable temple in South India
without a Vimanam or Tower above the Sanctum. During the ten
Days festival (Vaikasi or May) there is a Car Festival also
celebrated.
Natturayaswami Temple, Veerakumarasami Temple, Bhagavan
Temple are the other famous temples in Erode Distsrict. Though
Lord Muruga is worshipped in the Veeramumaraswami temple, no
woman is allowed to enter the temple and worship the God there.
The Bhagavan temple at Ponnivadi is said to cure epidemics like
plague, smallpox and cholera.
Towards the construction of temples in Erode District popularly
known as Kongunad, Cholas, Hoysalas and Pandyas have
contributed their mite.
Hill Temples of Lord Murugan
i). Sivanmalai - is about 50 kms. from Erode and very near to
Kangayam
ii). Chennimalai - is about 30 kms. from Erode and 12 kms from
Perundurai
iii). Thindalmalai - is 5 kms from Erode
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     iv). Vattamalai - is about 5 kms from Kangayam

Dams
1.    Bhavanisagar Dam is about 16 kms. from Sathyamangalam
across the river Bhavani.
2. Kodiveri Dam is about 10 kms from Gobichettipalayam and 55
kms from Erode.

Government Museum, Erode
The Museum was opened to the public in 1987. The important
exhibits are inscription of Kongu Chola, hero stones from Bargur,
Tanjore paintings, manuscripts, coins, geological objects,
Kodumanal antiques and other pre-history items. It has both
botanical and zoological specimens also. The Museum is known for
its collection of palm-leaf manuscripts and coins.