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Honey Bees
• Honey Bee Apis mellifera
Identification:
Honey bees are about ½ inch in length with an orange to
yellowish‐brown color and black intersegmental bands on
the abdomen. The legs, antenna and eyes are black and the
thorax, abdomen and legs are densely covered with hairs.
They build their nest of wax and nests may be located
inside of structures (walls) or trees or hanging from
protected locations on trees or other structures. Whether
in walls or exposed, the nest is a series of double sided wax Figure 1
sheets that are arranged in patterns. Unlike African honey Honey Bee (Yellow Worker)
bees, they will not nest in the ground.
General Information:
Honey bees are social insects, living in colonies containing
60 to 120 thousand individual workers, a few hundred
drones and a queen. Like most bees and wasps they will
defend their nests when disturbed. Honey bees can only
sting once because their barbed stinger remains in the
individual or animal when stung, causing the last
abdominal segments of the honey bee to be ripped off.
This results in the death of the honey bee. When disturbed,
a few hundred bees will emerge from the nest and attack Figure 2
the intruders. In contrast, Africanized honey bees are often Honey Bee Stinging
much more aggressive.
Honey bees are the primary pollinators of 2/3 of the food
we eat, either directly or indirectly. They gather nectar
from flowers to make honey and collect pollen from
flowers during pollination and use them for food. When
there are few nectar sources blooming, honey bees will
forage in any source that has sugar, from trash cans to soft
drink cans, to sweets like candy and fruits. Man cares for
and manages honey bee colonies in hives and extracts the
excess honey and pollen that the honey bees produce. The
colors of honey are produced by the floral sources from
which the honey bees gather the nectar from. Wax,
propolis (resinous bee glue), honey bees and queens are
Figure 3
other products that beekeepers harvest from the hives
Damage by Honey Bees
they manage. Unlike other bees and wasps, a reduced
colony will overwinter, rather than just the queens.
Locations/ Suggested Nonchemical Preferred Other Chemical Treatment Options
Situations Thresholds Control Options Chemical
Treatment(s)
Foraging One Locate nest None practical. Insect growth regulator sprays applied to
honey bees teacher/staff source of Where harborage areas. Boric acid dusts applied to
around complaint(s) honey bees treatment dry, inaccessible void areas. Aggressive
received, or 5 and have needed use treatment should include all previously
outdoor
or more honey beekeeper one cup of mentioned actions plus application of aerosol
eating bees observed remove. Good liquid soap per or liquid residual pyrethroids to known
areas. near food or sanitation and gallon of water harborage areas, recognizing that some may
picnic tables. removal of sprayed or a have repellent properties that may affect bait
possible food soapy foam to retrieval.
attractants. If treat nest
necessary where removal
wash area is not practical.
down.
Swarms. Anytime found Wait to see if None practical. None practical.
or observed. the swarm
moves on and
keep children
away from the
site.
Otherwise,
seek removal
by qualified
individual or
company.
Make a list of
available
beekeepers
for assistance,
with names
and phone
numbers.
Foraging One Make sure None. With repeated incidents, try to locate nest
honey bees teacher/staff covers or and remove. Treat inside of containers
near complaint(s) doors are with residual chemical to repel
closed and honeybees.
dumpsters received, or 5
well sealed.
and or more honey
garbage bees observed Use trash
receptacles near garbage compactors to
receptacles. package and
remove waste
from kitchen
and other food
areas.
Nest Observance of Have honey Not practical. Where nest in trees cannot be removed, treat
located on bees coming bees removed with a pyrethroid and soap and seal hole after
or near and going by qualified treatment.
individual and
school from an
seal all outside
grounds or opening in a
in walls of tree or school openings that
school structure, or honey bees
building. report of may use as an
entrance for
honey bees in
nesting in
a classroom. walls or
between
floors. May
need to
replace
lumber to
eliminate nest
scent.
What About Stings
Wasps, including yellowjackets, paper wasps and hornets can sting multiple times while honey bees can
only sting once. (Other types of bees usually don’t sting, but when they do, should be treated like wasp
stings.) Honey bees leave the stinger in the skin via a handy barb. Here is where the treatment
difference comes in. Immediately after the sting, the stinger needs to be removed. Attached to the
stinger is a poison sac that continues to pump venom into the sting site for several minutes. This stinger
should not be pulled out; rather, it should be scraped off. A stiff sheet of paper or a credit card works
well for this. A wasp sting does not require scraping. After you have identified the offending organism
and removed the stinger, be sure to observe the patient for any signs of allergic reaction. If the patient
has a history of allergic reactions, shows signs of severe swelling or has trouble breathing, a physician
should be contacted immediately. If the patient shows no signs of distress, the sting area can be soothed
by applying a paste of baking soda or meat tenderizer and water. An antihistamine may also be given to
relieve the itching caused by the sting.
Sting Prevention
A few tips on how to prevent or at least minimize being stung.
• Keep sweet items covered.
• Bees and wasps, like children, are attracted to sweets. (This includes recycle bins and garbage
cans that contain soda cans or fruit scraps).
• It is recommended that all outside garbage cans be covered with a self‐closing lid.
• Don’t walk barefooted on the playground or in the yard.
• Bees and wasps are nectar collectors, so they are often close to the ground.
• Don’t harass the bees.
• When a bee hive is spotted, it is best to leave it at a distance and have a professional come in
and remove it at night.
Author of original content: Dale Pollet
More images
Figure 1"Three Banded Italian" Honey Bee Honey Bee (Cordovian Colored Queen)
"Wild Honey Bee" Colony Honey Bee: Black Worker Bee (Carniolan)
Honey Bee Swarm "Wild Honey Bee" Colony
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