Internet History

1Internet History2005. 11. 2~5Kilnam ChonKAIST2005.10.17CERNET Annual ConferenceDalian2Is the Internet Special (in the history of civilization)?-Computer communications were inevitable.-Internet culture is special.Remark : Telegraph vs The InternetQuestion :3Accidental Encounter to the Internet at UCLA.-late 1960s /early 1970sPersonal Note :4Table of Contents1. 1940s2. 1950s3. 1960s4. 1970s5. 1980s6. 1990s7. 2000s8. GenealogyBibliographyAppendix51. 1940s Birth of ComputerENIAC,.....62. 1950s Mainframe ComputerOne computer per organization-satellite station for remote job handlingMainframe ComputerSatelliteStationSatelliteStation73. 1960s Research and Development on Computer NetworkUK, USA, France,...Circuit Switch vs Packet SwitchUS DoD/Advanced Research Project Agency -Funding84. 1970s Packet Switching Computer Networks for Research & Education CommunityArpanet(USA): To share computer resource with File Transfer and Telnet-First Online CultureRFC (Request For Comment)Email was added laterJANET(UK)More (France, ….)95. 1980s Global Prolification of Researchand Education Networks1982 Korea (SDN) with TCP/IP1985 Global network conference(Pacific Computer Communication Symposium)Online Games (MUD)106. 1990s WWW and Prolification of the InternetWWW at CERN with Browser(Mosaic) at IllinoisCommercializationP2P117. 2000s Internet becoming Social InfrastructureInternet population: toward one billionBroadband InternetWireless and Mobile InternetPersonal WebsiteInternet TrafficConvergenceNegative Side Effects(spam, virus,...)Northeast Asia as one of leading Internet regions127.1 Internet Population (in million)Asia258Europe231 Canada & USA222Latin America56Middle East17 Oceania16 Africa 13Total813 (Oct. 2004, www.internetworldstats.com )137.2 Broadband Internet147.3 Wireless and Mobile InternetWireless LAN (WiFi)Wireless MAN (WiMax, WiBro)Cellular Phone(2G, 2.5G, 3G, 3.5G,...)157.4 Personal WebsiteKorea (Mini Home-P), Japan,...167.5 BlogFrance, USA,...177.6 Internet TrafficGlobal Average Traffic : ~ 10 TbpsCountry Average Traffic: Korea ~ 1 Tbps (50% growth)USA 1~2 Tbps (30% growth)Japan ~ 0.5 Tbps (100% growth)Total Traffic (per Capita):Korea (and Hong Kong) around 4~5 Gbytes per capita per monthUSA around 1 Gbyte per capita per month2005.1187.7 ConvergenceInternet (Data)Telephone (Voice)Television (Video)197.8 Negative Side EffectsVirusSpamPrivacy20TEIN2 APENUM2004SANOG2003ABS PRAGMA APCAUCE APCERT2002EUMED APGRID APDIPSilk Project Asia PKI Forum2001MINC 2000APEC ECSG1999APBioNet APTLD AP*Retreat1998SOI-Asia APAN1997APOPS APRICOT APIA1996AI31995PAN1994APNIC19931992APNG(APCCIRN)Satellite Commercial SecurityWG WG WG1991ANW-APPCCS/JWCC/ICOIN198419858. Genealogy21Current Research and Education Networks in Asia Pacific1996 Asia Pacific Advanced Network Consortium(www.apan.net)1996 Asia Internet Interconnection Initiatives(www.ai3.net)2000/2005 TransEurasia Information Network(www.tein2.net)2001 EUMEDCONNECT(www.eumedconnect.net)2001 Silk Project(www.silkproject.org)9. Research and Education Networks in Asia-Pacific22Bibliography1. M. Mitchell Waldrop, The Dream Machine; :J.C.R. Licklider and the Revolution That Made Computing Personal, Penguin, 2002.2. K. Hafner & M. Lyon, Where Wizard Stay Up Late:The Origins of the Internet, Simon Schuster, 1998.3. T. Standage, The Victorian Internet, Berkley Trade, 1999.4. Wired Magazine, 10 years that charged the world, Aug 2005.A. Internet Society, www.isoc.orgB. AP*, www.apstar.orgC. www.InternetHistory.or.kr23AppendixOne of the largest research and education networks in the world.-Abilene-Geant-ERNETOne of the leading research and education networks in the world.-Lambda networking in late 1990s/early 2000s (China, Canada)-40 Gbps testbed (China, USA)-CERNET2/IPv6 (China, Japan)(1) CERNET24Appendix (continue)China will be the largest Internet country in thisdecade (2006-2010).Are you(CERNET with CERNET2) ready for thechallenge ?-Human Resource (Engineer, User, …)-ServiceRemark : Consider India, Russian and USA as reference.(2) China25Appendix (continue)Consider USA, the current leader of the Internet1970s-1980s : Arpanet ; Monolithic Network1990s : NSFNet ; Backbone NetworkNYSERNET, CENIC, .. ; Regional NetworkRemark : Many networks became commercial ISPs.(3) USA26Appendix (continue)Hope to see good evolution on CERNET and China Internet.