Internet History

CERNET Annual Conference Dalian 2005.10.17 Internet History 2005. 11. 2~5 Kilnam Chon KAIST 1 Question : Is the Internet Special (in the history of civilization)? - Computer communications were inevitable. - Internet culture is special. Remark : Telegraph vs The Internet 2 Personal Note : Accidental Encounter to the Internet at UCLA. - late 1960s / early 1970s 3 Table of Contents 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Genealogy Bibliography Appendix 4 1. 1940s Birth of Computer ENIAC,..... 5 2. 1950s Mainframe Computer One computer per organization - satellite station for remote job handling Mainframe Computer Satellite Station Satellite Station 6 3. 1960s Research and Development on Computer Network UK, USA, France,... Circuit Switch vs Packet Switch US DoD/Advanced Research Project Agency - Funding 7 4. 1970s Packet Switching Computer Networks for Research & Education Community Arpanet(USA): To share computer resource with File Transfer and Telnet - First Online Culture RFC (Request For Comment) Email was added later JANET(UK) More (France, ….) 8 5. 1980s Global Prolification of Research and Education Networks 1982 Korea (SDN) with TCP/IP 1985 Global network conference (Pacific Computer Communication Symposium) Online Games (MUD) 9 6. 1990s WWW and Prolification of the Internet WWW at CERN with Browser(Mosaic) at Illinois Commercialization P2P 10 7. 2000s Internet becoming Social Infrastructure Internet population: toward one billion Broadband Internet Wireless and Mobile Internet Personal Website Internet Traffic Convergence Negative Side Effects(spam, virus,...) Northeast Asia as one of leading Internet regions 11 7.1 Internet Population (in million) Asia Europe Canada & USA Latin America Middle East Oceania Africa 258 231 222 56 17 16 13 Total 813 (Oct. 2004, www.internetworldstats.com ) 12 7.2 Broadband Internet 13 7.3 Wireless and Mobile Internet Wireless LAN (WiFi) Wireless MAN (WiMax, WiBro) Cellular Phone(2G, 2.5G, 3G, 3.5G,...) 14 7.4 Personal Website Korea (Mini Home-P), Japan,... 15 7.5 Blog France, USA,... 16 7.6 Internet Traffic Global Average Traffic : ~ 10 Tbps 2005.1 Country Average Traffic: Korea ~ 1 Tbps (50% growth) USA 1~2 Tbps (30% growth) Japan ~ 0.5 Tbps (100% growth) Total Traffic (per Capita): Korea (and Hong Kong) around 4~5 Gbytes per capita per month USA around 1 Gbyte per capita per month 17 7.7 Convergence Internet (Data) Telephone (Voice) Television (Video) 18 7.8 Negative Side Effects Virus Spam Privacy 19 1984 1985 PCCS/JWCC/ICOIN ANW-AP 1991 Satellite WG APNG(APCCIRN) Commercial WG Security WG 1992 1993 APNIC PAN AI3 APOPS APRICOT SOI-Asia APBioNet APIA APAN APTLD AP*Retreat APEC ECSG 8. Genealogy 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 MINC EUMED Silk Project ABS SANOG TEIN2 APENUM APGRID PRAGMA APCAUCE APDIP Asia PKI Forum APCERT 20 9. Research and Education Networks in Asia-Pacific Current Research and Education Networks in Asia Pacific 1996 1996 2000/2005 2001 2001 Asia Pacific Advanced Network Consortium (www.apan.net) Asia Internet Interconnection Initiatives (www.ai3.net) TransEurasia Information Network (www.tein2.net) EUMEDCONNECT (www.eumedconnect.net) Silk Project (www.silkproject.org) 21 Bibliography 1. M. Mitchell Waldrop, The Dream Machine; :J.C.R. Licklider and the Revolution That Made Computing Personal, Penguin, 2002. 2. K. Hafner & M. Lyon, Where Wizard Stay Up Late: The Origins of the Internet, Simon Schuster, 1998. 3. T. Standage, The Victorian Internet, Berkley Trade, 1999. 4. Wired Magazine, 10 years that charged the world, Aug 2005. A. Internet Society, www.isoc.org B. AP*, www.apstar.org C. www.InternetHistory.or.kr 22 Appendix (1) CERNET One of the largest research and education networks in the world. - Abilene - Geant - ERNET One of the leading research and education networks in the world. - Lambda networking in late 1990s/early 2000s (China, Canada) - 40 Gbps testbed (China, USA) - CERNET2/IPv6 (China, Japan) 23 Appendix (continue) (2) China China will be the largest Internet country in this decade (2006-2010). Are you(CERNET with CERNET2) ready for the challenge ? - Human Resource (Engineer, User, …) - Service Remark : Consider India, Russian and USA as reference. 24 Appendix (continue) (3) USA Consider USA, the current leader of the Internet 1970s-1980s : Arpanet ; Monolithic Network 1990s : NSFNet ; Backbone Network NYSERNET, CENIC, .. ; Regional Network Remark : Many networks became commercial ISPs. 25 Appendix (continue) Hope to see good evolution on CERNET and China Internet. 26