International securityand nuclear proliferation.Nuclear proliferationNuclear proliferation is a hot-button issue in the 20th and 21st centuriesNuclear Weapons = powerThe membership in Nuclear Club is still too attractiveA concept of deterrencedefinition: a bluff in “higher circles”Deterrence was an inalienable feature of the Cold War SystemA need of shift from deterrence to cooperation and interactionA new challenge –extremist groupsA concept of deterrence (continue)Extremists don’t respect the system of negotiations, they just workA threat of possession NW by terroristsAs a consequence –a sensitization of violent methods of squaring the situationA break in Antiterrorist Camp Nuclear Club expansionThe concept of “Realpolitik” is livingIraq and NW: US secret service bluffedNPT-treaty is of great valueNW is a threat to the world, not only to the concrete stateAtomic powerIs there any alternative to atomic power today?The most profitable power nowadaysAtomic energetic ratio of national energy field, %1520222831323338394142454753577376RussiaUSABritainSpainGermanyFinlandArmeniaSwitzerlandSwedenS.KoreaHungaryBulgariaUkraineSlovakiaBelgiumLithuaniaFranceReuters, ITAR-TASS, IAEA materialsUsed Nuclear Fuel and Radio Waste Product100124,52,81,961,40,6402040608010010days3years10years40yearsLevel of radioactivity of RWP (depending on time),%The issue of handling UNFThe problem of RWP (its accumulation)Russia is going to be a “tip” of world NWP?UNF and RWPThe problem of UNF accumulation must be solved on international levelVolumes of UNF of states -members of Organization of economic cooperatition and development (tons)8451030225029332980415047295248702982174064515303000489014100650084251356837738132142223062685FinlandBelgiumSpainGermanySwedenSKoreaEnglandCanadaJapanFranceUSAReuters,ITAR-TASS, OECD/IEAby 2001whole capacityAn understanding of NW threatThe process of Nuclear proliferation must be controlled by international organizations–IAEA–NEA–othersTwo ways of international relations developmentIncreasing the number of nuclear weapons means providing for national securityInteraction of states (concerning the issue of reducing NW) means providing for international security