On your MARC Introduction to MARC 21 Bibliographic On your MARC Introduction to

							  On your MARC!
Introduction to MARC 21
      Bibliographic
     Beth Oehlerts
     Nancy Chaffin
     May 24, 2007
 MARC Bibliographic Records
MARC (MAchine Readable
Cataloging) records
International standard format allows
for the uniform representation and
communication of bibliographic data
between systems using MARC
records.
 Introduction to MARC Records
History
- Developed in the 1960s by the Library of
Congress
- Led to the foundation of national online catalogs
such as OCLC and RLIN


Uses
– Flexible tool to describe books, serials, maps,
  non-book materials, computer files, etc.
– Standardized format permits sharing records
Sources of MARC Records
Bibliographic utilities
– OCLC
– RLIN

Vendor supplied/purchased
– U.S.G.P.O.
– PromptCat

Z39.50 sources
– Library of Congress
Structure of MARC Records
 All share the same structure
 Each has a
 – Leader
 – Directory
 – Fields
             Leader
The first section in a MARC record
Contains coded information about
the record (not the resource)
Many elements are not displayed
Leader in a MARC record
Leader
Leader Expanded
Leader Contents
             Directory
The second section in a MARC record
Lists the tag, length, and starting
character position of each field in the
MARC record
Is machine-generated and is not
displayed, nor can it be altered
manually
MARC Directory
                      Fields
Logically divide information about
the resource being described
– Title
– Author
– Publication, etc.

Fields are defined by the MARC21
Standard
                   Field Tags
Tags
  – 3 character positions
  – Only numeric
  – Used as field names


100 1_ ‡a Grahame, Kenneth, ‡d 1859-
       1932.
245 14 ‡a The wind in the willows / ‡c by
       Kenneth Grahame.
                     Indicators
Indicators
  –   2 character positions
  –   Useful for computer manipulation
  –   Not defined for all fields
  –   Primarily numeric (and blank = undefined)
  –   Must be read/assigned as individual values


100 1_ ‡a Grahame, Kenneth, ‡d 1859-
          1932.
245 14 ‡a The wind in the willows / ‡c by
          Kenneth Grahame.
                   Subfields
Subfields
  – Further divides the MARC field
  – Marked by delimiters combined with a subfield
    code
  – Not defined for some fields


100 1_ ‡a Grahame, Kenneth, ‡d 1859-
          1932.
245 14 ‡a The wind in the willows / ‡c by
          Kenneth Grahame.
      Frequently Seen Field Tags
050     Library of Congress Call Number
100     Personal Name Main Entry (Author)
245     Title Statement
260     Publication Information
300     Physical Description
440     Series
500     General Notes
504     Bibliography
520     Summary Note
650     Topical Subject
700     Personal Name Added Entry
710     Corporate Body Added Entry
Tags, Indicators, Subfields
        MARC21 Fields
MARC21 records have
– Variable control fields (including fixed
  fields)
– Variable data fields
       Fixed Length Fields
Based on byte position in the field
Only specific values can be entered.
Values are enumerated and defined
in the MARC21 standard.
Includes 006, 007, 008
MARC 008
          MARC 006 and 007

006                       007
–   Map                   –   Map
–   Electronic resource   –   Electronic resource
–   Visual materials      –   Microform
–   Music                 –   Videorecording
                          –   Music scores
                          –   Sound recording
                          –   Kit
     Variable Data Fields
Vary in length
Content is controlled by cataloging
rules, not MARC21
Are usually grouped together when
discussed
       Variable Data Fields
01X-09X Numbers,      4XX Series
Codes, and            5XX Notes
Classifications       6XX Subject Fields
1XX Main Entries      7XX Added and
2XX Title, Edition,   Linking Entries
Imprint               8XX Series Added
                      Entries, Holdings,
3XX Physical          Alternate Graphics
Description
                      9XX Locally Defined
            01X-09X
010 Library of Congress Control
Number
020 International Standard
Bibliographic Number (ISBN)
022 International Standard Serial
Number (ISSN)
035 System Control Number
082, 050, 090, 086 Classification
Numbers
      1XX Main Entries
100 (Personal Name)
110 (Corporate Body)
111 (Conference Name)
130 (Uniform Title—Main Entry)
  2XX Title, Edition, Imprint
240 (Uniform Title—Added Entry)
245 Title Statement
246 Varying Form of Title
250 Edition
260 Publication (Imprint)
    3XX Physical Description
300 Physical Description
362 Dates of Publication and/or
    Sequential Designation
             4XX Series
440 Series
490 1_ Series Traced Differently
490 0_ Series Not Traced
       5XX Notes
500   General
504   Bibliography
505   Contents
511   Performer
515   Numbering
520   Summary
530   Additional Formats
533   Reproduction
6XX Subject Fields
600   Personal Name
610   Corporate Body
611   Conference
630   Uniform Title
650   Topical
651   Geographical
655   Genre/Form
7XX Added and Linking Entries
  700 Personal Name
  710 Corporate Name
  711 Conference Name
  730 Uniform Title Added Entry
  740 Analytic Title Added Entry
  76X-78X Linking Entries
                8XX

800-830 Series Entries
841-88X Holdings, Alternate Graphics
– Most are part of the MARC21 Holdings
  Format
– 856 most frequently used
Locally Defined

     59X
     9XX
MARC21 Standard
  Bibliographic
  Authority
  Holdings
  Classification
  Community
    More sources of information
Understanding MARC Bibliographic
http://www.loc.gov/cds/marcdoc.html#umb

MARC21 Concise Formats
http://www.loc.gov/cds/marcdoc.html#ucf

Bibliographic Formats and Standards
http://www.oclc.org/bibformats/default.htm
  Special Thanks

  Laura Wright
Tami Morse McGill
  Alan Crump
   Bill Folden