INSPECTOR GENERAL S REPORT A PATENT TRADEMARK OFFICE REVIEW INSPECTOR

INSPECTOR GENERAL’S REPORT A PATENT & TRADEMARK OFFICE REVIEW 47 INSPECTOR GENERAL’S REPORT ON FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Mr. Bruce A. Lehman Assistant Secretary of Commerce and Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks Patent and Trademark Office Washington, D.C. We have audited the Statements of Financial Position of the Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) as of September 30, 1994 and 1993, and the Statements of Operations and Changes in Net Position, Cash Flows, and Budgetary Resources and Actual Expenses for the year ended September 30, 1994. These statements are the responsibility of the PTO’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. Our audit objective with respect to PTO’s Fiscal Year 1993 financial statements was limited to reporting on the Statement of Financial Position as of September 30, 1993. We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards; Government Auditing Standards, issued by the Comptroller General of the United States; and Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 93-06, Audits of Federal Financial Statements. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatements. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. As required by Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 94-01, Form and Content Of Agency Financial Statements, Note 1 to the Principal Statements describes the accounting policies used by the PTO to prepare the financial statements, which is a comprehensive basis of accounting other than generally accepted accounting principles. In our opinion, the Statements of Financial Position of PTO as of September 30, 1994 and 1993, and the Statements of Operations and Changes in Net Position, Cash Flows, and Budgetary Resources to Actual Expenses for the year ended September 30, 1994, present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of PTO as of September 30, 1994 and 1993, and the results of its operations and changes in net position, its 48 cash flows, and budget and actual expenses for the year ended September 30, 1994, in conformity with the accounting policies described in Note 1. Our audits were made for the purpose of forming an opinion on the Principal Statements. The information in the other sections of A Patent and Trademark Office Review is not a required part of the Principal Statements but is supplementary information required by Office of Management and Budget bulletin No. 94-01, Form and Content of Agency Financial Statements. Such information has not been subjected to the auditing procedures applied in the audit of the Principal Statements and, accordingly, we express no opinion on it. Frank DeGeorge Inspector General William H. Pugh, Director Financial Statements Division February 10, 1995 49 INSPECTOR GENERAL’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL STRUCTURE Mr. Bruce A. Lehman Assistant Secretary of Commerce and Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks Patent and Trademark Office Washington, DC We have audited the Statement of Financial Position of the Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) as of September 30, 1994 and 1993, and the Statements of Operations and Changes in Net Position, Cash Flows, and Budgetary Resources and Actual Expenses for the year ended September 30, 1994, and have issued our report thereon dated February 10, 1995. We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards; Government Auditing Standards, issued by the Comptroller General of the United States; and Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 93-06, Audits of Federal Financial Statements. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatements. In planning and performing our audit of the financial statements for the year ended September 30, 1994, we considered PTO’s internal control structure in order to determine our auditing procedures for the purposes of expressing our opinion on the financial statements and to determine whether the internal control structure meets the objectives identified in the following paragraph. Our consideration included obtaining an understanding of the significant internal control structure policies and procedures and assessing the level of control risk relevant to all significant cycles, classes of transactions, or account balances; and for those significant internal control structure policies and procedures that have been properly designed and placed in operation, performing sufficient tests to assess more fully whether the controls are effective and working as designed. The management of the PTO is responsible for establishing and maintaining an internal control structure. In fulfilling this responsibility, estimates and judgments by management are required to assess the expected benefits and related costs of internal control structure policies and procedures. The objectives of an internal control structure are to provide management with reasonable, but not absolute, assurance that transactions, including those related to obligations and costs, are executed in compliance with laws and regulations that the Office of Management and Budget, entity management, or the Inspector General have identified as being significant for which compliance can be objectively measured and 50 evaluated; funds, property, and other assets are safeguarded against loss from unauthorized use or disposition; transactions are properly recorded and accounted for to permit the preparation of reliable financial reports in accordance with applicable accounting policies and to maintain accountability over the assets; and data that support reported performance measures are properly recorded and accounted for to permit preparation of reliable and complete performance information. Our evaluation of the controls for performance information was limited to controls to ensure the existence and completeness of the information. For the purpose of this report, we have classified the significant internal control structure policies and procedures in the following categories: o o o o o Purchases/Cash disbursements. Revenues/Cash receipts. Payroll. Budget. General ledger and reporting. Our consideration of the internal control structure included all of the categories listed above. We noted certain matters involving the internal control structure and its operation that we consider to be reportable conditions under standards established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and OMB Bulletin No. 93-06. Reportable conditions involve matters coming to our attention relating to significant deficiencies in the design or operation of the internal control structure that, in our judgment, could adversely affect the entity’s ability to ensure that the objectives of the internal control structure, as previously defined, are being achieved. We have summarized our internal control findings below. A letter dated March 10, 1995, transmitting our audit report to PTO, includes an attachment to our Report on Internal Control Structure which discusses each of the control weaknesses in more detail and provides specific recommendations on actions PTO should consider taking. Controls Over Property Should Be improved (Repeat Condition) PTO has not completed its efforts to improve controls over property to ensure that it is properly recorded and safeguarded on an ongoing basis. The balance per the subsidiary ledger maintained by the Office of Administrative Services is not reconciled to the capital asset balance in the general ledger. The subsidiary ledger is inaccurate as acquisitions of property through purchase or lease and disposals of property are not consistently reported to 51 the Office of Administrative Services. In addition, physical count procedures currently in place do not ensure that accurate and reliable information is reported to property management in a timely manner. During fiscal year 1993, PTO’s Office of Finance hired a contractor to compile a subsidiary ledger and to propose the necessary adjustments to the general ledger. The Office of Finance, with the contractor’s assistance, performed a manual review of certain fiscal year 1994 purchase documentation and proposed adjustments to ensure the accuracy of current year additions to this ledger. PTO is in the process of addressing the above issues and has created a project team to determine a uniform process for the management of all personal property. This team will also address the transmittal of pertinent documentation between PTO’s offices. PTO expects to complete corrective actions by June 30, 1995. The Finance Department Should Review General Ledger Coding (Repeat Condition) PTO has not fully implemented the new procurement module that would require the Office of Finance to review the accuracy of all general ledger coding of purchase transactions. Our procedures identified several inconsistencies or errors in the coding of purchases of goods or services recorded in the general ledger. As a result, approximately $10.6 million of capital assets that should have been capitalized in accordance with the DOC Handbook were expensed. In addition, approximately $17 million in transactions were misclassified between expense accounts. In July 1994, the Office of Finance began reviewing the accuracy of general ledger coding for program offices using the new procurement module. Full implementation of this module is expected by September 30, 1995. Cash Receipts Should Be Deposited Timely (Repeat Condition) PTO continues to have delays in the deposits of its cash receipts. In July 1994, PTO implemented a reorganization that separated the processing of patent and trademark receipts. At September 30, 1994, the elapsed times from the receipt of funds with an application until their deposit with commercial banking institutions was approximately 13 days and 2 months for patents and trademarks, respectively. These were an increase over the 11 day lag time for both patents and trademarks at September 30, 1993. Unearned fees for checks not deposited amounted to approximately $40 million and $23 million as of September 30, 1994 and 1993, respectively. 52 A new revenue processing system, the Revenue Accounting Management System, is expected to be implemented by December 1995. This system is expected to solve the problem of untimely deposits. ******** A material weakness is a reportable condition in which the design or operation of the specific internal control structure elements does not reduce to a relatively low level the risk that errors or irregularities in amounts that would be material in relation to the financial statements being audited or material to a performance measure or aggregation of related performance measures may occur and not be detected within a timely period by employees in the normal course of performing their assigned functions. Our consideration of the internal control structure would not necessarily disclose all matters in the internal control structure that might be reportable conditions and, accordingly, would not necessarily disclose all reportable conditions that are also considered to be material weaknesses as defined above. However, we believe none of the reportable conditions described above is a material weakness. We noted certain other matters, while not considered to be reportable conditions, that we felt warranted inclusion in this report due to their significance and sensitivity. We have summarized these matters below. A letter dated March 10, 1995, transmitting our audit report to PTO, includes an attachment to our Report on Internal Control Structure which discusses each of the control weaknesses in more detail and provides specific recommendations on actions PTO should consider taking. Physical Count Procedures for APS Assets Should Be Improved PTO’s planning and controls over the physical count of APS assets were inadequate. The inventory listing used to perform the asset count was inaccurate and did not agree to the subsidiary ledger. PTO and contractor equipment were commingled and PTO personnel were unable to identify the equipment owned by PTO. In addition, count teams were not given adequate instructions. As a result inconsistent information was reported. Significant resources were required to compile and reconcile inventory information with the APS subsidiary ledger. Controls over Thrift Savings Plan Contributions Should Be Improved (Repeat Condition) In our previous audit we found that PTO did not begin the required contribution of I percent of gross pay to the Thrift Savings Plan in the correct period and sometimes began it only after significant delays. PTO’s Office of Human Resources has initiated a review of all employees 53 who are currently participating in the Thrift Savings Plan to identify and correct these errors. This review is expected to be completed by September 30, 1995. Subsequent to the issuance of our previous audit report, the Office of Human Resources developed and implemented procedures to prevent errors from occurring in the future. These procedures have not yet been documented in their standard operating procedures manual. ******** We have reviewed our findings and recommendations with PTO’s financial management and have incorporated their comments as appropriate. Management concurs with our findings and recommendations and will provide an audit action plan in accordance with applicable directives of the Department of Commerce. We also noted other matters involving the internal control structure and its operation that we have reported to PTO’s Associate Commissioner and Chief Financial Officer in a separate letter dated February 10, 1995. This report is intended for the information of management of the PTO, the Department of Commerce management, and the Office of Management and Budget. This restriction is not intended to limit the distribution of this report, which is a matter of public record. Frank DeGeorge Inspector General February 10, 1995 54 INSPECTOR GENERAL’S REPORT ON COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS AND REGULATIONS Mr. Bruce A. Lehman Assistant Secretary of Commerce and Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks Patent and Trademark Office Washington, D.C. We have audited the Statements of Financial Position of the Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) as of September 30, 1994 and 1993, and the Statements of Operations and Changes in Net Position, Cash Flows, and Budgetary Resources and Actual Expenses for the year ended September 30, 1994, and have issued our report thereon dated February 10, 1995. We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards; Government Auditing Standards, issued by the Comptroller General of the United States; and Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 93-06, Audits of Federal Financial Statements. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatements. Compliance with laws and regulations applicable to the PTO is the responsibility of the PTO’s management. As part of obtaining reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatements, we tested compliance with those laws and regulations directly affecting the financial statements and certain other laws and regulations designated by the Office of Management and Budget and the PTO. As part of our audit, we also obtained an understanding of management’s process for evaluating and reporting on internal control and accounting systems as required by the Federal Managers’ Financial Integrity Act (FMFIA) and compared the material weaknesses reported in the Department of Commerce’s FMFIA report that relate to the financial statements under audit to the conditions found during the evaluation we conducted of PTO’s internal control system. However, our objective was not to provide an opinion on overall compliance with such provisions. The results of our tests indicate that with respect to the items tested, the PTO complied in all material respects with the provisions referred to in the preceding paragraph. With respect to 55 items not tested, nothing came to our attention that caused us to believe the PTO had not complied, in all material respects, with those provisions identified above. This report is intended for the information of the management of the PTO, Department of Commerce management, and the Office of Management and Budget. This restriction is not intended to limit the distribution of this report, which is a matter of public record. Frank DeGeorge Inspector General February 10, 1995 56 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION A PATENT & TRADEMARK OFFICE REVIEW 57 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE 58 WORKING FOR OUR CUSTOMERS DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE 1994 FEE COLLECTIONS BY CATEGORY Patent Fee Collections Trademark Fee Collections Other Fee Collections A PATENT & TRADEMARK OFFICE REVIEW 59 DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE 1994 STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS BY PROGRAM - Unaudited For the year ended September 30, 1994 PATENTS REVENUES AND FINANCING SOURCES Revenues from Sales of Goods and Services To the Public $472,275,784 Intragovernmental 11,338 Appropriated Capital Used 2,116,362 Total Revenues and Financing Sources EXPENSES Program or Operating Expenses Depreciation and Amortization Changes in Actuarial Liability Total Expenses 474,403,484 347,001,961 13,779,441 (417,369) 360,364,033 TRADEMARKS OTHER TOTAL $45,684,955 $23,633,140 $541,593,879 11,338 2,116,362 543,721,579 469,147,924 16,889,332 (604,882) 485,432,374 $ 58,289,205 45,684,955 36,977,050 607,710 (42,342) 37,542,418 $ 8,142,537 23,633,140 85,168,913 2,502,181 (145,171) 87,525,923 ($63,892,783) Excess (Shortage) of Revenues and Financing Sources Over Total Expenses $114,039,451 “Other” represents revenue and expenses not directly associated with a patent filing or a trademark registration, but rather those revenues such as service fees or administrative fees and non-direct patent and trademark expenses. 60 WORKING FOR OUR CUSTOMERS DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE 1994 PROGRAM/OPERATING EXPENSES BY PROGRAM - Unaudited For the year ended September 30, 1994 PATENTS TRADEMARKS OPERATING EXPENSES BY OBJECT CLASSIFICATION Personal Services and Benefits $225,427,558 $25,978,907 Travel and Transportation 199,865 42,409 Rental, Communications and Utilities30,262,986 4,417,985 Printing and Reproduction 28,267,147 1,288,343 Contractual Services 48,108,171 2,494,353 Supplies and Materials 4,216,555 481,585 Equipment not Capitalized 3,677,374 644,387 Insurance Claims and Indemnities 0 0 Other: (a) Other Services 2,534,697 930,220 (b) Training 2,124,753 291,331 (c) Maintenance and Repair 2,182,855 407,530 Total Expenses by Object Class $347,001,961 $36,977,050 OTHER $39,980,421 588,321 11,389,923 771,140 20,780,096 2,766,462 1,609,997 13,785 2,891,214 1,395,447 2,982,107 $85,168,913 TOTAL $291,386,886 830,595 46,070,894 30,326,630 71,382,620 7,464,602 5,931,758 13,785 6,356,131 3,811,531 5,572,492 $469,147,924 A PATENT & TRADEMARK OFFICE REVIEW 61 Table1 SUMMARYOFPATENTEXAMININGACTIVITIES (AsofSeptember30ofeachFiscalYear) Patent Examining Activity PATENT APPLICATIONS FILED Utility1 Reissue Plant Design Total Patent Applications Filed FIRSTACTIONS Design Utility, Plant, and Reissue PCT/Chapter I 1 PATENT APPLICATIONS ALLOWED Design Utility, Plant, and Reissue 1990 162,708 468 395 11,140 174,711 13,693 149,425 4,644 9,679 96,672 106,351 3,991 45,750 49,741 177 156,269 1991 166,765 536 414 10,368 178,083 15,503 158,319 5,680 10,394 102,014 112,408 4,427 53,703 58,130 142 170,680 4,014 88,974 1992 171,623 581 335 12,907 185,446 16,076 165,294 7,247 11,013 103,093 114,106 4,843 59,199 64,042 278 178,426 5,010 91,822 375 336 9,612 109,728 4,854 19.1 392 243 6,586 10,929 6,835 4,678 107,713 28,603 1993 173,619 572 362 13,546 188,099 16,074 171,799 7,459 11,800 104,351 116,151 4,681 60,763 65,444 146 181,741 5,851 99,405 302 408 9,946 107,332 4,781 19.5 359 293 8,714 12,389 7,441 5,955 114,367 38,475 1994 185,087 430 606 15,431 201,554 16,832 168,722 8,363 12,388 107,221 119,609 4,977 64,932 69,909 128 189,646 6,918 96,676 347 513 11,138 113,268 5,778 19.0 379 309 10,813 14,265 8,778 8,005 121,104 38,859 Total Patent Applications Allowed PATENT APPLICATIONS ABANDONED Design Utility, Plant, and Reissue Total Patent Applications Abandoned OTHER PATENT APPLICATIONS DISPOSED Statutory Invention Registrations TOTAL PATENT APPLICATION DISPOSALS PCT/CHAPTER II EXAMINATIONS COMPLETED 2,168 PATENTSISSUED Utility 101,270 Reissue Plant Design 3 282 295 7,176 96,727 334 318 9,386 101,860 3,476 18.2 307 200 6,000 9,158 6,247 3,774 73,954 19,134 Total Patents Issued ALLOWED APPLICATIONS, ISSUE FEE NOT PAID4 5,883 PENDENCY TIME OF AVERAGE PATENT APPLICATION5 18.3 6 REEXAMINATIONSREQUESTED 297 6 REEXAMINATION CERTIFICATES ISSUED 224 7 PCT SEARCH REPORTS PREPARED 4,218 PCT INTERNATIONAL APPLICATIONS RECEIVED 7 BY USPTO AS RECEIVING OFFICE 7,216 NATIONAL REQUIREMENTS RECEIVED 7 BY USPTO AS RECEIVING OFFICE 5,143 INTERNATIONAL PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION REPORTS 2,298 8 PATENTS RENEWED UNDER P.L. 102-204 49,539 8 PATENTS EXPIRED UNDER P.L. 102-204 12,060 1 2 Chemical, electrical and mechanical applications. “Allowed Patent Applications” are applications awaiting issuance (i.e., publication) as patents. 3 Excludes withdrawn numbers. 4 35 U.S.C. § 151.(includes design applications). 5 Average time (months) between filing and issunace/abandonment of utility, plant, and reissue applications (excluding designs). 6 Reexamination was instituted on July 1, 1981, in accordance with provisions of P.L. 96-517. 7 PCT entered into force on January 24, 1978, and applications were accepted for filing beginning June 1, 1978. 8 Renewal of patents under P.L. 96-517 and P.L. 97-247 now superseded by P.L. 102-204. 62 WORKING FOR OUR CUSTOMERS Table 2 PATENT APPLICATIONS FILED (FY 1974 - FY 1994) Year 1974 1975 19762 19772 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1 2 Table 4 PATENTSPENDINGPRIORTOALLOWANCE1 (FY 1974 - FY 1994) Reissue 391 465 438 564 660 657 641 538 486 370 281 290 332 366 439 495 468 536 581 572 430 Total 108,927 107,662 109,227 109,773 108,744 107,409 112,315 114,710 124,800 105,704 117,985 125,931 131,403 137,173 148,183 163,306 174,711 178,083 185,446 188,099 201,554 Year 1974 1975 19763 19773 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1 Utility1 103,479 101,283 101,807 101,821 100,473 99,516 104,219 106,828 116,052 96,847 109,010 115,893 120,988 125,677 136,253 150,418 162,708 166,765 171,623 173,619 185,087 Design 4,948 5,751 6,838 7,186 7,440 7,070 7,269 7,197 8,069 8,256 8,446 9,504 9,792 10,766 11,114 11,975 11,140 10,368 12,907 13,546 15,431 Plant 109 163 144 202 171 166 186 147 193 231 248 244 291 364 377 418 395 414 335 362 606 Awaiting Action by Examiner 47,411 41,916 43,776 60,706 57,031 50,085 64,289 71,033 87,659 102,532 90,687 90,648 80,547 65,010 75,678 92,377 104,179 104,086 112,201 99,904 107,824 Total Applications Pending2 162,447 146,464 142,379 144,542 144,056 151,702 167,533 181,727 216,509 223,101 219,567 215,512 207,774 209,911 215,280 222,755 244,964 254,507 269,596 244,646 261,249 Chemical, electrical, and mechanical applications. The Transition Quarter, July 1, 1976, to September 30, 1976, has been omitted. Pending at end of period indicated including utility, reissue, plant, and design applications. Does not include allowed applications. 2 Applications under examination, including those in preexamination processing. 3 The Transition Quarter, July 1, 1976, to September 30, 1976, has been omitted. Table 3 SUMMARY OF PENDING PATENT APPLICATIONS (as of September 30, 1994) Stage of Processing IN PREEXAMINATION PROCESSING UNDER EXAMINATION Awaiting First Action by Examiner Rejected, Awaiting Response by Applicant Amended, Awaiting Action by Examiner In Interference On Appeal and Other1 Total Under Examination IN POSTEXAMINATION PROCESSING Awaiting Issue Fee Awaiting Printing2 D-10s (secret cases in condition for allowance) Total in Postexamination Processing Utility, Plant and Reissue Applications 28,129 73,043 107,155 22,660 1,548 10,937 215,343 27,895 24,303 3,624 55,822 Design Applications 648 11,331 4,738 790 17 253 17,129 3,193 2,753 0 5,946 23,723 Total Patent Applications 28,777 84,374 111,893 23,450 1,565 11,190 232,472 31,088 27,056 3,624 61,768 323,017 TOTAL PENDING IN PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE 299,294 1 2 includes cases on appeal and undergoing petitions includes withdrawn cases A PATENT & TRADEMARK OFFICE REVIEW 63 Table 5 PATENTSISSUED1 (FY 1974 - FY 1994) Year 1974 1975 19764 19774 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1 2 3 Table 6 STATUTORY INVENTION REGISTRATIONS (SIRs) PUBLISHED (FY 1990 - FY 1994) Design 4,439 3,632 4,781 4,261 3,797 3,269 4,167 3,882 5,299 4,401 4,935 5,058 5,202 6,158 5,740 5,844 7,176 9,386 9,612 9,946 11,138 Plant 211 155 195 164 194 151 137 168 120 219 174 277 227 240 283 728 295 318 336 408 513 Reissue 367 398 434 435 366 312 305 343 284 351 287 300 263 254 244 309 282 334 375 302 347 Total 84,317 74,3643 80,7353 72,832 70,320 55,418 61,227 71,010 65,152 59,715 72,149 75,302 76,993 88,793 83,584 102,712 96,727 101,860 109,728 107,332 113,268 Assignee Agriculture Air Force Army Energy HHS 0 Navy 14 TVA 0 USA1 3 Other Than U.S. Government Total 1 Utility2 79,300 70,179 75,325 67,972 65,963 51,686 56,618 66,617 59,449 54,744 66,753 69,667 71,301 82,141 77,317 95,831 88,974 91,822 99,405 96,676 101,270 1990 0 11 38 14 1991 0 14 35 17 0 14 0 1 63 145 1992 1 9 25 11 1 11 0 4 66 140 1993 0 7 26 9 0 20 2 6 67 124 1994 0 6 21 6 0 13 0 2 74 124 62 141 United States of America-no agency indicated in data base. Excludes withdrawn numbers beginning with FY 1978. Chemical,electrical,andmechanicalapplications. In 1975, under the trial voluntary protest program (now abolished), an additional 667 applications were published but not issued. In 1976, there were 1,303 published but not issued. 4 The Transition Quarter, July 1, 1976, to September 30, 1976, has been omitted. Table7 REEXAMINATION1 (FY1990-FY1994) REQUESTS FILED By patent owner By third party Commissioner ordered Total DETERMINATIONS ON REQUESTS Requests granted By examiner By petition Requests denied Total 1990 124 172 1 297 1991 141 165 1 307 1992 167 168 57 392 1993 147 211 1 359 1994 150 227 2 379 243 4 36 283 267 5 23 295 47 0 5.20 0.0-22.8 15.40 9.60 93 115 99 307 316 5 25 346 47 0 5.00 0.0-18.1 15.40 9.40 101 186 105 392 311 10 29 350 75 0 5.00 2 2 334 6 30 370 77 0 3 3 3 REQUESTS KNOWN TO HAVE RELATED LITIGATION 27 COURT ORDERED REEXAMINATIONS 0 AVERAGE AGE OF PATENTS (years) 4.60 AVERAGE RANGE OF PATENTS (years) 0.0-22.8 AVERAGE CLAIMS PER REQUEST 15.30 AVERAGE REFERENCES PER REQUEST 9.50 FILINGS BY DISCIPLINE Chemical 90 Electrical 113 Mechanical 94 Total 1 2 3 9.50 111 138 110 359 9.60 102 146 131 379 297 Reexamination was instituted on July 1, 1981, in accordance with provisions of P.L. 96-517. Data for FY 1993 was not available. Data for FY 1994 was not available. 64 WORKING FOR OUR CUSTOMERS Table 8 SUMMARY OF CONTESTED PATENT CASES (Within the Patent and Trademark Office) Patent and Trademark Office Tribunal Board for Patent Appeals and Interferences EX PARTE CASES Appeals1 Cases Pending as of 9/30/93 Cases Filed During FY 94 Total Disposals During FY 94: Decided Affirmed Affirmed-in-Part Reversed Total Decided Other Disposals Dismissed Withdrawn Suspended Total Other Disposals Total Disposals Cases Pending as of 9/30/94 Reconsiderations Cases Pending as of 9/30/93 Cases Filed During FY 94 Total 1 Totals Disposals During FY 94 Cases Pending as of 9/30/94 INTER PARTES CASES Cases Pending as of 9/30/93 Cases Declared or Reinstituted During FY 94 (under New Rules2) 6,754 Cases Declared or Reinstituted During FY 94 (under Old Rules2) Total Cases Declared or Reinstituted Total Disposals During FY 94: 2 Cases Terminated (under New Rules ) 2 Cases Terminated (under Old Rules ) Total Terminated 249 25 395 240 0 240 635 250 0 250 2,273 4,481 1,446 362 1,036 2,844 35 121 0 156 3,000 3,754 62 212 274 Cases Awaiting Final Board Disposition as of 9/30/94: Awaiting the Setting of a Final Hearing 21 Set for Final Hearing 21 Awaiting a Final Decision 47 Total Cases Awaiting Final Board Disposition 89 Cases Pending as of 9/30/94: 2 Under New Rules 385 Under Old Rules2 0 Total Cases Pending as of 9/30/94 385 Jurisdiction of an appeal passes to the Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences after the examiner has written his answer and after the time for filing a reply brief to the answer has passed. 2 New Rules effective 2/8/85: 37 CFR 1.601 to 1.688 Old Rules: 37 CFR 1.201 to 1.288 Table 9 U.S. GOVERNMENT AGENCY PATENTS1 (FY 1985 - FY 1994) Agency Agriculture Air Force Army Commerce Energy Transportation NSA EPA HHS Interior NASA Navy Postal Service TVA Treasury VA USA2 FCC Total 1 2 1985 43 144 206 5 301 4 1 5 30 11 137 271 1 6 0 0 1 0 1986 27 178 202 7 260 3 2 2 30 16 109 207 0 9 0 1 0 0 1,053 1987 36 192 176 11 239 1 1 1 32 10 117 206 1 8 0 1 1 0 1,033 1988 37 134 116 13 230 0 4 1 32 11 100 104 0 7 0 0 1 0 790 1989 36 131 146 6 216 0 5 3 31 9 125 117 0 4 0 0 8 0 837 1990 41 101 129 6 190 0 2 4 34 7 116 170 0 5 0 0 5 0 810 1991 50 115 113 15 197 2 3 5 41 13 109 346 1 5 0 0 10 0 1,025 1992 48 138 171 18 217 0 3 4 67 23 166 314 0 2 0 0 10 0 1,181 1993 57 126 147 21 193 2 5 7 88 9 155 333 0 1 0 0 9 0 1,153 1994 38 129 193 28 201 1 6 5 97 10 147 360 0 0 0 2 3 0 1,220 Total 413 1,388 1,599 130 2,244 13 32 37 482 119 1,281 2,428 3 47 0 4 48 0 10,268 1,166 Data in this table represent utility patents assigned to agencies at the time of patent issue. United States of America—no agency indicated in data base. A PATENT & TRADEMARK OFFICE REVIEW 65 Table 10 PATENTS ISSUED TO RESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES (FY 1991- FY 1994)1 State/Territory Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming U.S. Pacific Islands2 United States3 TOTAL 1 2 3 1991 357 43 855 152 8,423 851 1,503 491 67 1,888 720 78 221 3,040 1,108 390 321 333 491 104 937 2,105 2,830 1,447 111 770 86 149 185 333 3,218 232 4,815 942 63 2,714 612 670 2,799 13 222 428 39 568 3,302 402 132 2 870 1,016 179 1,207 47 1 0 54,882 1992 324 54 921 170 9,284 954 1,642 553 67 2,114 793 85 261 3,355 1,123 417 329 329 537 130 1,070 2,445 3,153 1,631 144 832 109 162 172 361 3,189 261 5,047 933 63 3,073 672 686 3,027 28 237 476 35 594 3,704 448 122 2 1,013 1,077 174 1,342 36 0 0 59,760 1993 311 52 903 162 9,216 995 1,701 491 62 2,086 879 88 320 3,275 1,070 442 319 310 484 120 1,058 2,428 2,981 1,702 136 759 114 191 152 403 3,145 237 5,083 1,049 65 2,929 653 819 2,893 17 270 517 47 601 3,695 448 149 3 983 1,036 202 1,314 39 1 0 59,405 1994 339 61 1,027 155 10,472 1,140 1,842 513 44 2,241 925 116 350 3,266 1,137 463 319 343 475 149 1,137 2,669 3,295 1,914 166 730 94 173 221 452 3,328 270 5,522 1,181 69 3,078 624 772 3,085 33 275 529 47 684 4,089 473 173 2 959 1,117 147 1,381 51 0 2 64,119 Data includes utility, design, plant, and reissue patents. Represents residents of American Samoa, Guam, and miscelleneous U.S. Pacific Islands. No state indicated in data base. 66 WORKING FOR OUR CUSTOMERS Table11 UNITEDSTATESPATENTAPPLICATIONSFILEDBYRESIDENTSOFFOREIGNCOUNTRIES1 (FY1990-FY1994) Residence 1990 1991 1 1 0 0 51 0 844 528 0 1 0 0 619 0 4 0 103 0 0 7 0 3,905 2 13 109 0 9 1 0 3 0 4 1 30 455 1 1 4 0 616 4,948 0 10,952 0 21 1 0 1 2 1 253 107 5 52 9 7 0 128 663 2,209 4 36,489 5 0 1 11 1,132 1 2 18 0 48 0 25 0 0 0 1992 1 0 0 4 59 1 905 563 0 5 0 2 676 0 2 0 115 2 0 9 0 3,975 2 9 133 0 13 0 0 6 0 6 2 34 397 1 1 9 0 531 4,757 0 10,851 0 26 3 1 0 0 0 315 86 16 56 15 1 0 118 747 2,345 1 38,135 0 0 3 6 1,444 2 0 14 0 58 0 24 0 3 0 1993 0 0 0 1 65 0 853 507 1 8 0 6 666 0 1 0 106 1 0 5 0 4,196 1 13 124 0 4 0 0 5 3 0 2 28 496 1 5 6 0 576 4,554 0 10,550 1 23 1 0 0 1 0 303 61 4 54 11 9 0 102 833 2,159 1 36,148 0 1 2 0 1,512 1 2 14 1 49 1 18 0 3 1 1994 0 0 1 2 77 0 1,078 637 2 8 1 5 841 0 3 1 161 1 0 3 0 4,638 1 8 114 0 16 0 1 24 11 3 2 30 537 2 1 3 2 705 4,790 2 11,539 0 25 2 0 0 1 2 385 73 6 64 5 4 0 152 998 2,160 3 36,912 1 1 2 2 2,177 1 1 19 0 41 1 44 0 1 0 Residence 1990 1991 1 114 0 5 0 0 0 0 1 1,580 0 1 0 105 1 2 169 1 0 3 5 12 14 3 1 0 11 1 68 0 0 0 185 186 314 2 0 0 0 1,200 1,953 0 2,541 1 9 2 0 3 0 0 1 4,739 2 0 0 46 0 0 35 0 2 2 77,729 1992 0 104 0 5 0 0 4 0 0 1,579 0 0 0 116 0 1 198 1 5 1 3 10 17 9 2 12 14 0 76 0 5 0 203 165 316 0 0 0 1 1,066 1,839 0 2,957 0 24 2 3 1 1 0 2 4,537 3 1 0 58 0 0 38 0 3 3 79,875 1993 1 92 0 6 0 0 2 0 0 1,548 2 0 1 103 1 6 198 0 0 0 5 6 24 12 4 115 17 0 100 1 24 0 228 70 285 1 0 1 0 1,162 1,937 1 3,370 0 13 3 0 4 4 18 0 4,503 9 1 0 30 0 1 11 0 1 8 78,029 1994 1 117 1 3 1 1 3 1 0 1,549 2 0 0 148 0 2 196 0 1 6 8 6 26 8 5 200 21 0 134 5 15 0 238 22 367 1 1 0 0 1,492 1,922 0 3,847 0 24 3 1 4 0 17 4 5,104 3 1 1 51 1 0 10 0 1 12 83,920 Albania 1 Algeria2 0 Andorra 0 Antigua & Barbuda 0 Argentina 57 Armenia 0 Australia 990 Austria 575 Azerbaijan3 0 Bahamas 7 Barbados 1 Belarus 0 Belgium 630 Belize 0 Bermuda 3 Bolivia 0 Brazil 113 British Virgin Islands 0 Brunei 0 4 Bulgaria 36 Burma 1 Canada 3,965 CaymanIslands 3 Chile 10 China(mainland) 122 Cocos (Keeling) Islands 0 Colombia 10 Comoros 0 CookIslands 0 Costa Rica 8 Croatia 0 Cuba 0 Cyprus 1 Czechoslovakia 49 Denmark 408 DominicanRepublic 1 Ecuador 4 Egypt 5 Estonia 0 Finland 582 France 4,838 Georgia 0 Germany,Fed. Republicof5 11,736 Ghana 0 Greece 30 Guatemala 2 Guinea 0 Guyana 1 Haiti 0 Honduras 0 HongKong 265 Hungary 131 Iceland 4 India 64 Indonesia 3 Iran 5 Iraq 3 Ireland 122 Israel 632 Italy 2,265 Jamaica 1 Japan 34,309 Jordan 2 Kazakhstan6 0 Kenya 3 Korea, Dem. Republicof 22 Korea, Republic of 768 Kuwait 4 Lebanon 0 Liechtenstein 9 Lithuania 0 Luxembourg 41 Macau 0 Malaysia 14 Mali 1 Malta 1 Marshall Islands 0 Mauritius 0 Mexico 71 MoldovaRepublic 0 Monaco 5 Mongolia 0 Montserrat 0 Morocco 0 Namibia 0 Nauru 0 Netherlands 1,740 NetherlandsAntilles 0 NeutralZone 0 NewCaledonia 0 NewZealand 142 Nicaragua 0 Nigeria 3 Norway 170 Oman 0 Pakistan 1 Panama 3 Peru 2 Philippines 8 Poland 17 Portugal 13 Romania7 1 RussianFederation 0 SaudiArabia 5 Senegal 0 Singapore 45 8 Slovakia 0 Slovenia 0 Solomon Islands 0 South Africa 208 SovietUnion 375 Spain 321 Sri Lanka 3 St.Christ-Nevis 0 St.Vincent/Grenadines 0 Swaziland 1 Sweden 1,192 Switzerland 2,055 Syria 1 Taiwan 2,221 Tanzania 0 Thailand 13 Trinidad & Tobago 0 Tunisia 1 Turkey 6 Uganda9 0 Ukraine 0 United Arab Emirates 4 UnitedKingdom 5,326 Uruguay 3 Uzbekistan 0 Vatican City 0 Venezuela 44 Vietnam 0 Yemen10 0 Yugoslavia 41 Zaire 1 Zimbabwe 2 11 Other 0 Total 76,902 1 Data include utility, design, plant, and reissue applications. Country listings include possessions and territories of that country unless separately listed in the table. 2 FY 1993 data for Algeria corrected to indicate no applications filed. 3 FY 1993 data for Azerbaijan corrected to indicate one application filed. 4 FY 1993 data for Bulgaria corrected to indicate five applications filed. 5 Germany now includes applications filed by residents of the territory which prior to October 3, 1990 was the Democratic Republic of Germany. 6 FY 1993 data for Kazakhstan corrected to indicate one application filed. 7 FY 1993 data for Romania corrected to indicate four applications filed 8 FY 1993 data for Slovakia corrected to indicate one application filed. 9 FY 1993 data for Uganda corrected to indicate four applications filed. 10 FY 1993 data for Yemen corrected to indicate one application filed. 11 Countryoforigininformationnotavailable. A PATENT & TRADEMARK OFFICE REVIEW 67 Table12 PATENTSISSUEDBYTHEUNITEDSTATESTORESIDENTSOFFOREIGNCOUNTRIES (FY1991-FY1994)1 Residence 1991 1992 0 0 21 550 424 2 1 382 0 0 55 1 4 2,311 4 6 50 5 5 0 0 0 18 263 1 0 3 0 368 3,332 0 7,960 10 0 3 1 0 0 169 84 5 23 6 1 61 377 1,455 1 23,481 1 1 0 543 2 1 11 42 1993 1 0 30 433 320 4 0 351 0 0 58 1 5 2,198 0 11 58 8 3 0 1 1 17 288 0 1 1 1 328 3,165 0 7,172 7 0 1 0 0 1 174 78 4 21 7 1 63 358 1,452 0 22,942 0 3 1 789 2 1 14 36 1994 0 1 27 533 337 0 0 410 0 2 57 2 2 2,275 2 6 41 7 7 3 5 2 20 260 1 3 4 337 3,051 0 7,024 16 1 2 0 0 0 200 50 6 33 9 1 53 354 1,376 0 23,764 0 0 1 941 1 1 11 37 Andorra 0 Antigua 1 Argentina 17 Australia 550 Austria 367 Bahamas 7 Barbados 0 Belgium 356 Belize 1 Bermuda 0 Brazil 61 British Virgin Islands 1 Bulgaria 17 Canada 2,184 CaymanIslands 1 Chile 5 China(Mainland) 48 Colombia 2 Costa Rica 1 Croatia 0 Cuba 0 Cyprus 1 Czechoslovakia 33 Denmark 280 DominicanRepublic 2 Ecuador 3 Egypt 1 FaroeIslands0 0 Finland 332 France 3,094 FrenchPolynesia 1 Germany2 7,548 Greece 11 Guadeloupe 0 Guatemala 2 Guyana 1 Haiti 0 Honduras 0 HongKong 209 Hungary 87 Iceland 0 India 28 Indonesia 1 Iran 2 Ireland 49 Israel 304 Italy 1,379 Jamaica 2 Japan 21,464 Jordan 0 Kenya 1 Korea, Dem. Republic of 2 Korea, Republic of 413 Kuwait 0 Lebanon 1 Liechtenstein 13 Luxembourg 48 Residence 1994 Malaysia 10 Malta 0 Mauritius 0 Mexico 44 Monaco 6 Morocco 0 Netherlands 1,043 NetherlandsAntilles 1 NewZealand 49 Nicaragua 0 Nigeria 1 NorfolkIsland 0 Norway 111 Oman 0 Pakistan 0 Panama 1 Paraguay 1 Peru 2 Philippines 9 Poland 10 Portugal 9 Romania 1 RussianFederation 0 SanMarino 0 SaudiArabia 7 Senegal 0 Singapore 24 Slovenia 0 South Africa 114 SovietUnion 63 Spain 181Sri Lanka 0St.Vincent/TheGrenadines 0 Sweden 843 Switzerland 1,384 Syria3 0 Taiwan 1,000 Tanzania 0 Thailand 3 Trinidad & Tobago 1 Tunisia 0 Turkey 2 Uganda 0 Ukraine 0 United Arab Emirates 2 UnitedKingdom 2,974 Uruguay 0 Uzbekistan 0 Venezuela 21 Yemen 0 Yugoslavia 27 Zimbabwe 0 TOTALS 46,978 1 1991 8 0 1 44 6 1 1,019 1 58 0 2 0 120 0 1 1 0 4 10 8 9 0 0 0 7 1 23 0 113 194 159 0 0 747 1,369 2 1,195 0 1 3 1 4 0 0 1 2,851 2 0 28 0 20 1 49,968 1992 22 2 1 44 6 1 961 0 50 1 0 0 120 1 0 1 0 2 6 7 2 2 2 0 4 0 46 1 89 89 177 2 0 743 1,193 0 1,453 1 12 0 0 0 0 0 1 2,462 0 0 28 0 20 1 47,927 1993 16 1 1 56 6 0 944 0 54 0 0 0 128 0 1 0 0 2 1 6 6 1 22 1 9 0 58 10 99 68 160 3 1 754 1,225 0 1,709 0 13 2 1 1 3 5 1 2,424 0 1 31 1 19 4 49,149 Data include utility, design, plant, and reissue patents. Country listings include possessions and territories of that country unless separately listed in the table. 2 Germany now includes patents granted to residents of the territoy which prior to October 3, 1990 was the Democratic Republic of Germany. 3 FY 1992 was corrected to indicate the issuance of two patents to Syria. 68 WORKING FOR OUR CUSTOMERS Table13 PATENTCLASSIFICATIONACTIVITY (1991-1994) Classification Activity Original Patents Professionally Reclassified - Completed Projects Subclasses Established Reclassified Patents Clerically Processed: Original U.S. Patents Cross-Reference U.S. Patents Foreign Patents1 Total Patents Reclassified2 1 2 1991 103,722 2,426 58,151 86,762 139,000 283,913 1992 118,339 4,001 121,184 193,820 194,000 509,004 1993 127,702 6,358 124,758 262,400 283,230 670,388 1994 138,467 5,056 131,062 232,143 139,042 502,247 FY 93 actual count based on new automated system introduced in FY93. FY 91 total corrected from prior number of 283,943. Table14 SCIENTIFICANDTECHNICALINFORMATIONCENTERACTIVITY Scientific and Technical Information Center Activity Literature Collections and Services Additions to the Literature Collections: Books Purchased Journal Subscriptions Purchased Journal Issues Received Literature Services Provided: Documents Circulated Interlibrary Loans Processed On-Line Commercial Data Base Searches Sequence Searches Completed Number of Sequences Searched Reference Questions Completed Foreign Document Collections and Services Additions to the Foreign Patent Document Collections: Microfilm Reels Microfiche CD-ROM Documents in Paper Form (Unique) Journals Foreign Document Services Provided: Words of Foreign Material Translated (written) Documents Orally Translated Copies of Foreign Patents Provided Microfilm Reels Furnished for Copying On-line and Manual Searches Completed Reference Questions Completed FY 1994 2,654 1,751 25,057 3,467 29,629 10,792 2,501 20,524 11,088 4,351 86,602 1,373 974,496 3,979 14,421,089 3,366 10,580 103,546 9,643 11,974 A PATENT & TRADEMARK OFFICE REVIEW 69 Table15 SUMMARYOFTRADEMARKEXAMININGACTIVITIES (FY1988-FY1994) Item Applications for Registration Filed Disposal of Trademark Applications: Applications Maturing to Registration Applications Abandoned Trademark First Actions Applications Approved for Publication 2 Certificates of Registration Issued: 1946 Act Principal Register Principal Register ITU-Statements of Use Registered 1946 Act Supplemental Register Total Renewal of Registration: Applications Filed Applications Abandoned Registrations Renewed Affidavits, Sec. 8/15: Affidavits Filed Affidavits Disposed Affidavits for Benefits Under Sec. 12(c) Affidavits Filed Affidavits Abandoned Published Under Sec. 12(c) Amendments to Allege Use Filed Statements of Use Filed Notice of Allowance Issued Pendency Time of Average Trademark Application:3 Between Filing and Examiner’s First Action — All Applications Between Filing, Registration (Use Applications Only) and Abandonments Between Filing and Issuing a Notice of Allowance (intent to use applications only) Total Active Certificates of Registration 1 2 1988 76,813 52,461 13,647 79,425 61,656 45,090 n/a 1,614 46,704 6,763 23 5,884 18,316 18,699 23 0 29 n/a n/a n/a 1989 83,169 58,599 15,097 79,382 65,178 49,744 n/a 2,058 51,802 6,127 86 9,209 17,986 17,290 104 0 84 n/a n/a n/a 1990 127,294 63,924 17,210 92,612 76,355 54,178 0 2,337 56,515 6,602 68 7,122 20,636 19,630 5 0 19 747 113 2,380 1991 120,365 49,8101 20,721 134,988 95,757 39,398 2,397 1,357 43,152 5,634 86 6,416 25,763 20,869 1 0 19 3,259 6,773 23,602 1992 125,237 69,691 26,435 136,047 110,940 49,404 10,345 2,318 62,067 6,355 90 5,733 20,982 23,186 25 0 13 3,255 14,275 42,432 1993 139,735 86,122 40,752 131,191 94,161 54,937 17,174 2,238 74,349 7,173 122 6,182 21,999 19,279 5 0 21 3,138 25,837 53,053 1994 155,376 68,853 42,467 147,343 97,347 38,238 19,563 1,996 59,797 7,004 86 6,136 20,850 17,846 4 0 11 4,033 22,057 40,741 2.5 13.3 n/a n/a 2.8 13.8 n/a n/a 4.8 15.3 n/a 675,913 4.3 16.7 13.3 690,745 3.1 15.1 13.8 834,858 4.0 14.4 13.0 712,000 5.2 16.3 15.9 727,983 Adjusted to include Intent To Use registrations. With the exception of Certificates of Registration, Renewal of Registration, Affidavits filed under Section 8/15 and 12(c), the workload count includes extra classes. 3 Average pendency time in months. 70 WORKING FOR OUR CUSTOMERS Table16 TRADEMARKAPPLICATIONSFILEDFORREGISTRATION ANDRENEWALANDTRADEMARKAFFIDAVITSFILED (FY1975-FY1994) Year 1975 19761 19771 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1 For Registration 33,898 37,074 44,539 50,106 50,672 52,149 55,152 73,621 51,014 61,480 64,677 69,253 70,002 76,813 83,169 127,294 120,365 125,237 139,735 155,376 For Renewal 5,687 6,833 5,854 5,567 5,623 5,892 5,693 5,760 5,438 5,926 5,275 5,660 5,871 6,763 6,127 6,602 5,634 6,355 7,173 7,004 Section 8 Affidavit 14,644 15,665 13,463 13,351 13,864 13,633 17,071 15,068 12,544 13,519 8,823 8,519 16,644 18,316 17,986 20,636 25,763 20,982 21,999 20,850 Sec. 12(c) Affidavit 29 24 30 77 10 85 40 55 46 5 29 19 34 23 104 5 1 25 5 4 The transition Quarter, July 1, 1976, to September 30, 1976, has been omitted. Table17 SUMMARYOFPENDINGTRADEMARKAPPLICATIONS (AsofSeptember30,1994) Stage of Processing IN PREEXAMINATION PROCESSING UNDEREXAMINATION: Amended, awaiting action by Examiner Awaiting first action by Examiner Awaiting subsequent action (by applicant, on appeal, 1 in adversary proceeding, in clerical processing) Total Under Examination Total IN POSTEXAMINATION PROCESSING: (Includes all application in all phases of publication and issue) TOTAL IN PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE 1 Applications For Regis. 34,663 10,563 6,706 67,205 84,474 119,137 63,012 182,149 Excludes ITU applications that have received a Notice of Allowance and are awaiting a Statement of Use A PATENT & TRADEMARK OFFICE REVIEW 71 Table18 SUMMARYOFCONTESTEDTRADEMARKCASES (WithinthePatentandTrademarkOffice) Trademark Trial and Appeal Board Cases Pending as of 9/30/93 Cases Filed During FY 1994 Disposals During FY 1994: Before Hearing After Hearing Total Cases Pending as of 9/30/94: Awaiting Decision In Process Before Hearing1 Total Requests for Extension of Time to Oppose 1 Ex Parte 1,701 1,004 461 282 743 93 1869 1,962 Cancel 2,124 1,055 583 13 596 11 2,572 2,583 Conc. Use 201 32 11 0 11 1 221 222 Interference 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Oppos. 6,811 3,048 2,010 48 2,058 35 7,766 7,801 Total 10,837 5,139 3,065 343 3,408 140 12,428 12,568 19,231 Includes suspended cases Table19 TRADEMARKSREGISTERED,RENEWED,ANDPUBLISHEDUNDERSECTION12(c)1 (FY1974-FY1994) Year 1974 1975 19762 19772 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1 2 Certificates of Regis. Issued 24,838 27,324 28,102 25,026 28,921 22,210 14,614 31,306 39,025 41,179 45,475 63,122 48,971 47,522 46,704 51,802 56,515 43,152 62,067 74,349 59,797 Renewed 5,984 5,474 6,914 6,251 5,254 5,404 5,862 5,884 6,070 5,695 5,678 5,177 5,550 4,415 5,884 9,209 7,122 6,416 5,733 6,182 6,136 Published Under 12(c) 54 25 56 21 84 34 54 77 71 74 22 27 29 24 29 84 19 19 13 21 11 Includes withdrawn numbers. The Transition Quarter, July 1, 1976, to September 30, 1976, has been omitted. 72 WORKING FOR OUR CUSTOMERS Table20 UNITEDSTATESTRADEMARKAPPLICATIONSFILEDBYRESIDENTSOFFOREIGNCOUNTRIES (FY1991-FY1994) Residence Afghanistan Albania Antigua & Barbuda Algeria Anguilla1 Argentina Aruba Australia Austria Bahamas Bahrain Barbados Belgium Belize BeneluxConvention Bermuda Bolivia Botswana Brazil British Virgin Islands Bulgaria Cambodia Canada CaymanIslands ChannelIslands Chile China(mainland) Colombia CookIsland Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czechoslovakia Denmark Dominica DominicanRepublic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador FaroeIslands Fiji Finland France FrenchGuiana FrenchPolynesia Germany, Fed. Republic of2 Ghana Gibraltar Greece Grenada Guadeloupe Guatemala Guinea Guyana Haiti Honduras HongKong Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran Ireland Isle of Man Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Korea, Dem. Republic of Korea, Republic of 1991 0 0 0 0 0 41 0 419 148 19 1 38 180 0 2 32 1 0 147 25 1 3 3,491 13 25 26 101 49 0 17 0 0 3 21 132 1 4 11 3 2 0 4 110 2,013 2 1 1,566 0 2 17 0 0 15 0 2 2 2 360 18 8 18 24 5 71 0 80 1,351 7 1,901 0 0 7 1 207 1992 0 1 3 0 0 69 0 457 202 20 0 19 143 0 0 31 0 0 117 83 1 0 3,294 26 36 27 49 25 0 10 0 0 2 15 121 0 7 5 5 6 0 0 112 1,817 0 0 1,982 0 0 14 0 0 5 0 1 3 0 484 21 9 18 18 1 57 19 154 964 19 1,691 0 0 0 0 200 1993 0 0 1 1 1 43 1 424 131 19 0 11 121 4 4 51 0 0 137 77 3 0 3,595 16 33 46 67 43 15 15 0 0 4 51 142 0 8 10 1 7 0 0 129 1,484 0 1 1,947 0 5 19 1 1 2 0 1 1 17 319 6 11 23 23 19 64 11 173 1,027 14 1,780 0 0 0 8 200 1994 0 0 3 0 2 57 1 470 178 41 0 64 177 3 2 21 1 1 108 93 2 0 4,330 24 31 29 97 52 0 19 4 11 3 34 142 1 5 15 0 7 1 2 106 1,712 0 4 1,912 0 2 21 0 0 5 1 1 2 4 396 23 12 33 15 16 71 9 242 952 15 1,642 1 2 5 5 376 Residence Kuwait Lebanon Liberia Libya Liechtenstein Luxembourg Macau Malaysia Mali Malta Martinique Mauritius Mexico Micronesia Monaco Morocco3 N. Mariana Island Namibia Netherlands NetherlandsAntilles NewZealand Nicaragua Nigeria NorfolkIsland Norway Oman Pakistan Panama PapuaNewGuinea4 Paraguay5,6 Peru Phillippines Poland Portugal Romania Saint Lucia Samoa SanMarino SaudiArabia Scotland Singapore Slovenia Somalia South Africa SovietUnion Spain Sri Lanka Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Syria Taiwan Thailand Trinidad & Tobago Turkey Turks and Caicos Islands Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates UnitedKingdom Uruguay Vanuatu Venezuela Vietnam Wales Yugoslavia Zimbabwe Total 1 2 1991 0 3 0 0 40 36 0 28 0 1 0 0 242 0 17 2 0 2 623 52 83 1 0 0 97 0 0 46 0 0 15 6 6 10 0 0 0 1 5 0 58 0 0 52 43 308 0 0 333 777 0 466 62 4 1 0 0 0 2 1,861 3 0 171 0 0 20 2 18,229 1992 0 3 1 2 36 64 0 23 0 0 0 0 284 0 17 0 1 1 515 37 71 1 0 0 59 0 6 35 0 1 19 12 11 37 3 0 0 1 4 27 66 0 0 97 25 394 11 4 389 547 0 470 34 7 7 1 2 1 3 1,705 10 4 78 0 10 21 1 17,521 1993 0 0 0 0 79 15 1 26 0 1 0 0 351 1 11 2 2 0 478 35 143 0 3 1 112 0 11 26 2 0 4 11 1 52 0 0 1 0 7 0 97 8 1 54 19 343 4 5 456 727 1 460 51 5 11 0 1 0 8 1,999 5 4 51 0 0 8 0 18,062 1994 2 1 4 0 36 60 1 36 0 1 1 2 435 0 13 1 0 0 632 20 96 0 1 0 82 0 6 23 0 0 8 13 10 23 4 1 0 0 6 33 172 12 0 99 40 312 3 1 398 908 0 504 31 22 11 6 1 6 4 2,129 8 0 25 1 0 1 7 19,868 Anguilla filings for FY 1993 corrected to reflect 1 application. Germany now includes applications filed by residents of the territory which prior to October 3, 1990 was the Democratic Republic of Germany. 3 Morocco filing for FY 1992 corrected to reflect no applications. 4 Papua New Guinea filings for FY 1993 corrected to reflect 2 applications. 5 Paraguay filings for FY 1991 corrected to reflect no applications. 6 Paraguay filings for FY 1992 corrected to reflect 1 application. A PATENT & TRADEMARK OFFICE REVIEW 73 Table21 TRADEMARKSREGISTEREDBYTHEUNITEDSTATES TORESIDENTSOFFOREIGNCOUNTRIES (FY1991-FY1994) Residence 1991 1992 0 3 24 201 62 3 1 0 6 76 1 6 3 0 9 54 1,218 12 3 14 31 0 19 4 1 0 6 72 4 1 0 5 1 37 828 0 702 2 1 0 0 8 0 5 0 130 8 1 21 5 7 20 1 41 571 6 793 0 1 0 83 1993 0 1 26 268 116 14 2 0 5 110 0 0 11 0 32 67 1,680 10 0 19 67 1 33 6 0 2 6 79 2 4 2 4 1 85 1,334 2 1,224 0 8 0 1 10 2 0 0 175 9 9 16 7 4 28 1 82 789 10 1,108 0 0 5 129 1994 0 0 21 196 82 10 0 1 4 64 1 0 16 0 24 73 1343 12 0 13 38 3 25 10 4 3 13 70 3 3 2 4 0 57 797 0 847 1 12 0 0 0 0 1 1 160 10 2 26 11 4 35 0 70 469 5 932 1 1 1 103 Residence Kuwait Lebanon Liberia Libya Liechtenstein Luxembourg Macau Malaysia Malta Mauritius Mexico Monaco Morocco Namibia Netherlands NetherlandsAntilles NewZealand Nicaragua Nigeria Norway Oman Pakistan Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Romania Saint Lucia SanMarino SaudiArabia Scotland Singapore South Africa SovietUnion Spain Spratly Islands Sri Lanka Sweden Switzerland Syria Taiwan Thailand Trinidad & Tobago Turkey Turks and Caicos Islands UnitedKingdom Uruguay Venezuela Vietnam Yugoslavia Zimbabwe Other3 Total 1 1991 0 0 2 0 23 17 0 2 1 2 68 6 5 0 191 9 21 0 0 30 0 0 20 0 0 3 4 0 6 0 0 1 0 0 10 10 16 135 0 0 98 293 0 117 3 2 1 0 738 5 27 1 6 2 0 6,647 1992 0 2 8 1 15 6 0 1 2 2 101 4 0 0 213 8 31 0 0 39 0 1 24 0 0 5 3 6 5 0 0 0 0 1 17 9 10 147 0 0 128 304 2 223 16 2 6 0 799 1 24 1 2 1 0 7,281 1993 0 7 5 0 29 21 2 4 2 0 152 7 0 1 350 14 58 1 2 46 0 3 31 0 1 11 11 7 25 1 0 0 1 0 28 34 13 301 1 1 224 486 2 357 29 7 4 0 1,113 0 46 2 7 1 0 11,054 1994 0 4 3 1 15 18 0 9 0 0 137 5 0 0 248 7 44 0 2 41 0 2 23 0 0 8 2 6 17 0 1 0 2 0 23 24 4 197 2 2 192 258 3 290 16 8 2 1 826 3 25 3 6 0 2 8,066 Afghanistan 2 Antigua & Barbuda 10 Argentina 14 Australia 225 Austria 67 Bahamas 9 Bahrain 1 Bangladesh 0 Barbados 1 Belgium 106 Belize 1 BeneluxConvention 2 Bermuda 2 Bolivia 0 British Virgin Islands 7 Brazil 45 Canada 1,062 CaymanIslands 20 ChannelIslands1 0 Chile 17 China(mainland) 42 CookIslands 0 Colombia 7 Costa Rica 6 Cuba 3 Cyprus 0 Czechoslovakia 7 Denmark 113 DominicanRepublic 3 Ecuador 3 Egypt 0 El Salvador 2 Fiji 0 Finland 42 France 776 FrenchPolynesia 1 Germany,FederalRepublic of2 692 Ghana 1 Greece 4 Grenada 1 Guadeloupe 0 Guatemala 10 Guyana 0 Haiti 2 Honduras 0 HongKong 83 Hungary 8 Iceland 5 India 4 Indonesia 2 Iran 3 Ireland 28 Isle of Man 0 Israel 24 Italy 595 Jamaica 2 Japan 644 Jordan 0 Kenya 0 Kiribati 0 Korea, Republic of 68 FY 1993 data for the Channel Islands was corrected to reflect no applications filed. 2 Germany now includes applications filed by residents of the territory which prior to October 3, 1990 was the Democratic Republic of Germany. 3 Country of origin information not available. 74 WORKING FOR OUR CUSTOMERS Table22 TRADEMARKSERVICESWORKLOAD (FY1994) Search Room: Copies of New Registrations Filed in Registered File Copies of New Drawings Filed in Pending File Official Register: Total Updates Stamped on Marks Assignments: Abstracts of Title Documents Recorded/Processed Copies Supplied: Public, Other Government Agencies and USPTO Certified Documents1 Status Copies2 Total Files Processed3 1 1994 173,960 341,244 51,795 199 81,255 25,641 35,532 218 267,371 Includes documents certified by the Trademark organization through 7/5/94. Due to the PTO reorganization in FY 94, Trademarks no longer provides certified documents. 2 Status copies provided by Trademarks through 7/5/94. Due to the PTO reorganization in FY 94, Trademarks no longer no longer provides status copies. 3 The number of trademark files provided from the PTO File Repository to the public and the PTO, new issues filed, and abandonments filed. Table23 PATENTSERVICESWORKLOAD (FY1994) Search Room: New Patents and Cross References Filed Reclassified Patents Filed Assignments: Abstracts of Title Documents Recorded/Processed Copies Supplied: Foreign Exchange Programs1 Patent and Trademark Depository Libraries Public, Other Government Agencies and USPTO Advance Orders Certified Documents Total Files Processed2 1 2 351,201 493,825 507 185,840 16,935,557 14,836,758 955,195 703,549 108,978 572,075 Includes copies of patents disseminated on paper, microfilm, and CD-ROM. The number of patent files provided from the PTO File Repository and the Federal Record Center to the public and the PTO, new issues filed, and new abandonments filed. A PATENT & TRADEMARK OFFICE REVIEW 75 Table24 ACTIONSONPETITIONSTOTHECOMMISSIONEROFPATENTSANDTRADEMARKS (FY1993-FY1994) Nature of Petition PATENTMATTERS Acceptance of: Amendments Filed After Payment of Issue Fee Late Assignments Late Issue Fees Late Priority Papers Access Certificates of Correction Deferment of Issue Filing Date Interference Make Special: Infringement/Manufacture Other Miscellaneous Maintenance Fees Public Use Reexamination Proceedings Restriction Revivals Rule 47 (37 CFR 1.47) Supervisory Authority Suspend Rules Withdrawal of Attorney Withdrawal from Issue Change of Inventorship Withdrawals of Holding of Aband./Pat. Lapse Total Actions of Patent Petitions TRADEMARK MATTERS Affidavits of Use and Extensions Decision by Examiner Grant Application Filing Date Interferences2 Make Special Miscellaneous Oppositions and Extensions Record Documents Affecting Title Restore Jurisdiction to Examiner Review Board Decisions Revive Sections 7 Correction/Amendment Section 9 Renewal Section 8 or 15 Waive Fees/Refunds Total Actions on Trademark Petitions PETITIONS AWAITING ACTION AS OF 9/30/93 Patent Matters Trademark Petitions Awaiting Response Trademark Petitions Awaiting Action 1 2 3 1993 1994 76 54 893 57 63 21,040 32 1,105 1 210 1,073 2,6531 752 3 74 61 3,322 279 879 194 567 662 520 1,785 36,3552 71 0 51 1 30 16 18 5 5 9 562 10 7 52 41 879 15,6713 202 183 52 52 1,068 75 82 26,268 45 3,195 1 151 1,026 3,323 942 4 90 73 4,173 590 567 780 635 603 849 1,812 46,456 140 14 63 52 0 13 0 11 13 709 20 9 37 25 1,107 404 60 104 FY 1993 data includes petitions under Rule 28 (37 CFR 1.28) FY 1993 Total Actions on Patent Petitions corrected. FY 1993 data includes pending Certificates of Correction 76 WORKING FOR OUR CUSTOMERS Table25 CASESINLITIGATION (Selected Courts of the United States) Courts of the United States SUPREMECOURT Ex Parte Cases Cases Pending as of 9/30/93 Cases Filed During FY 94 Total Pending Filed Disposals: Certiorari Denied Certiorari Dismissed Certiroari Granted-Affirmed Certiorari Granted-Reversed Total Disposals Total Cases Pending as of 9/30/94 1 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURTS Civil Actions Pending as of 9/30/93 Filed During FY 94 Pat TM Total 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 22 32 2 0 0 2 14 0 0 0 18 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 10 5 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 4 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 26 1 37 2 0 0 2 18 0 0 0 22 15 11 Total Pending and Filed Disposals: Affirmed Modified Reversed Remanded Dismissed Amicus/Intervene Examiner Testimony Transfer Total Disposals Total Civil Actions Pending as of 9/30/94 1 Civil actions in which the Commissioner participated as a party or amicus. Table26 CASESINLITIGATION (SelectedCourtsoftheUnitedStates) Pat 48 49 97 29 2 10 0 17 2 0 1 0 0 1 0 62 35 Ex Parte TM 5 5 10 2 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 4 Pat 29 7 36 3 1 3 0 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 24 Inter Partes TM 44 7 51 1 0 3 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 45 Total 126 68 194 35 3 16 1 25 4 0 1 0 0 1 0 86 108 UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS Cases Pending as of 9/30/93 Cases Filed During FY 94 1 Total Pending and Filed Disposals: Affirmed Modified Reversed Remanded Dismissed Amicus/Intervene Examiner Testimony Transfer Writs of Mandamus: Granted Granted-in-Part Denied Dismissed Total Disposals Total Cases Pending as of 9/30/94 1 Includes Federal Circuit and Others A PATENT & TRADEMARK OFFICE REVIEW 77 Table27 CASESINLITIGATION1 (OtherJurisdictions-ReportedCases) MonthPatent Suits October (1993) November December January (1994) February March April May June July August September (1994) Total for FY 1994 1 Trademark Suits 101 97 101 82 82 122 59 85 100 85 86 66 1,066 91 103 81 83 94 125 63 86 141 115 91 79 1,152 Notices received pursuant to 35 U.S.C. 290 and 15 U.S.C. 1116 for both suits filed and decisions. 78 WORKING FOR OUR CUSTOMERS GLOSSARYOFOFFICESPECIFICTERMS ALLOWANCE: examiners determine whether a patent can be allowed by searching prior art, which includes previously issued U.S. and foreign patents and non-patent literature to help determine whether the claimed invention complies with the patent statutes and court decisions. FTE: Full Time Equivalent - equal to one year of one full time staff person. PATENT APPLICATION: a request from a user for a patent to be granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office. PATENT APPLICATION, EXAMINED: to determine the qualifications of patent applications requesting the granting of patents. To determine whether the invention is new, useful and non-obvious to someone knowledgeable in the subject matter. PATENT APPLICATION, DISPOSED (DISPOSAL): patent examiner completes action on the application. PATENT APPLICATION, ISSUED (ISSUANCE): patent application issued or granted as a patent. PATENT APPLICATION, WITHDRAWAL (ABANDONED): to surrender one’s claim or right to a request for a patent to be granted. PATENT PENDENCY: average time in months from filing to either issuance or abandonment. TRADEMARK: a word, phrase, symbol, design, or combination thereof, that identifies and distinguishes the source of goods or services of one party from those of another. TRADEMARK APPLICATION: application for federal registration of a mark filed at the United States Patent and Trademark Office. TRADEMARK APPLICATION, EXAMINED: review of application for compliance with the Trademark Act. TRADEMARK APPLICATION, DISPOSED: an application that is registered or abandoned. TRADEMARK APPLICATION, ABANDONED: termination of examination for failure to respond to an examination letter, because of a judicial decision, or by request of applicant. TRADEMARK APPLICATION, REGISTRATION: issuance of a certificate of registration by the United States Patent and Trademark Office. TRADEMARK PENDENCY: average time in months from filing an application to mailing the first examination letter, and average time in months from filing to registration, issuing a notice of allowance or abandonment. BudgetandAccountingTermsandDefinitions ACCOUNT: Something for which appropriations are made in an appropriation act. For spending that is not provided in an appropriations act, an account is an item for which there is a designated budget account identification number in the President’s Budget. ACCOUNTS PAYABLE: Amounts owed to an account other than your own for goods and services purchased. Such amounts include disbursements owed to others. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE: Amounts owed to an account for goods furnished and services rendered. Such amounts include reimbursements earned and refunds receivable. A PATENT & TRADEMARK OFFICE REVIEW 79 APPROPRIATION: An act of Congress that allows federal agencies to incur obligations and make payments from the Treasury for specified purposes. An appropriation is the most common means of providing budget authority and usually follows the passage of an authorized bill. AUTHORIZATION (Authorizing Legislation): An act of Congress that establishes or continues a federal program or agency either for a specified period of time or indefinitely; specifies its general goals and conduct; and usually sets a ceiling on the amount of budget authority that can be provided in an annual appropriation. An authorization for an agency or program usually is required before an appropriation for that same agency or program can be passed. BUDGET AUTHORITY: The authority granted to a federal agency in an appropriations bill to enter into commitments that result in immediate or future spending. Budget authority is not necessarily the amount of money an agency or department actually will spend during a fiscal year, but merely the upper limit on the amount of new spending commitments it can make. The three basic types of budget authority are appropriations, borrowing authority and contract authority. BUDGET RECEIPTS: Amounts received by the federal government from the public that arise from: The exercise of governmental or sovereign power (consisting primarily of tax revenues, but also including receipts from premiums of compulsory social insurance programs, court fines, certain license fees, and the like). Premiums from voluntary participants in federal social insurance programs (such as deposits by States for unemployment insurance and for social security for their employees) that are closely related to compulsory social insurance programs. Gifts and contributions. Excluded from budget receipts are offsetting receipts, which are counted as deductions for budget authority and outlays rather than as budget receipts. CARRYOVER: The unobligated amounts at the end of a fiscal year for unexpired accounts. CASH BASIS OF ACCOUNTING: A method of accounting in which revenue is recognized at the time the payment is received and costs are considered incurred at the time the payment is made. COLLECTIONS: Any moneys received by the government. Depending upon the nature of the transaction, collections may be treated as budget receipts, offsetting receipts refunds, or credits to a deposit fund. DEOBLIGATION: A downward adjustment of previously recorded obligations. This may be attributed to cancellation of a project or contract, price revision, or corrections of amounts previously recorded as obligations. DEPOSIT FUNDS: Accounts established to facilitate the accounting for collections that are either (a) held in suspense temporarily and later refunded or paid into some other fund of the Government upon administrative or legal determination as to the proper disposition thereof or (b) held by the Government as banker or agent for others and paid out at the discretion of the depositor. EXPENDED APPROPRIATION: The amount of expenditures (outlays) during the current fiscal year net of refunds to the appropriation made from general funds, special funds, and trust funds. EXPENDITURE: Actual spending, generally interchangeable with outlays. FISCAL YEAR (FY): Any yearly accounting period. The fiscal year for the federal government begins October 1 and ends on September 30. LIABILITY: Accounts owed for items received, services rendered, expenses incurred, assets acquired, construction performed, and amounts received but not as yet earned. INTRAGOVERNMENTAL REVOLVING FUND ACCOUNTS: Fundsauthorizedbylawtocarryoutacycleof intragovernmental business-type operations. These funds are credited with offsetting collections from other agencies and accounts. 80 WORKING FOR OUR CUSTOMERS OBLIGATIONS: Spending commitments by the federal government that will require outlays either immediately or in the future. OBLIGATED BALANCE: The amount of obligations already incurred for which payment has not yet been made. This balance can be carried forward indefinitely until the obligations are paid. OFFSETTING COLLECTIONS: Money received by the government as a result of business-type transactions with the public (sale of goods and services) or as a result of a payment from one government account to another. OFFSETTING RECEIPTS: Money collected by the federal government that is deducted from budget authority and outlays because it comes from market-oriented government activities or intragovernmental transactions. RECEIPT ACCOUNTS: Accounts established for recording collections deposited into the Treasury for appropriation by the Congress. These accounts may be classified by the Congress. REIMBURSEMENTS: Sums received by the government for commodities sold or services furnished either to the public or to other government accounts that are authorized by law to be credited directly to specific appropriation and fund accounts. These amounts are deducted from the total obligations incurred (and outlays) in determining net obligations (and outlays) for such accounts. UNEXPENDED BALANCE: The amount of budget authority unspent and still available for conversion into outlays in the future; the sum of the obligated and unobligated balances. UNOBLIGATED BALANCE: The portion of budget authority that has not yet been obligated. In one-year accounts the unobligated balance expires (ceases to be available for obligation) at the end of the fiscal year. In multiple-year accounts, the unobligated balance may be carried forward and remain available for obligation for the period specified. In no-year accounts the unobligated balance is carried forward indefinitely until specifically rescinded by law or until the purposes for which it was provided have been accomplished. A PATENT & TRADEMARK OFFICE REVIEW 81 NOTES 82 WORKING FOR OUR CUSTOMERS NOTES A PATENT & TRADEMARK OFFICE REVIEW 83 NOTES 84 WORKING FOR OUR CUSTOMERS For Additional Information Contact: Mr. Richard Maulsby Director Office of Public Affairs U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Washington, D.C. 20231 (703) 305-8341 A PATENT & TRADEMARK OFFICE REVIEW 85