LAXATIVES
MOA Indication S/E flatulence decrease reabsorption of cardiac glycosides CI: GI ulcers, stenosis, adhesions
1. Bulk- forming attract water from intestine which constipation a. Dietary fiber (bran) causes water retention & distention b. methycellulose ----> increase GI peristaltic activity c. psyllium (Metamucil)
2. Saline laxatives retain water --> softens stool a. Mg hydroxide (MOM) ---> increase peristaltic activity b. Mg citrate
constipation colonic lavage elimination of parasites poisoning
dehydration electrolyte imbalance CI; CHF, impaired renal function
3. Osmotic Laxatives retain water --> stimulate peristaltic activity a. glycerin b. lactulose c. polyethylene glycol 4. Stimulant Laxatives a. b. c. d. bisacodyl (Dulcolax) senna (Senokot) phenolphthalein casarca sagrada increase secretion of water Into lumen---> perist. Act.
constipation constipation chronic hepatic encephalopathy colonic lavage constipation Evacuation of bowel prior to surgery or dx exams
flatulence, abdominal cramps, N&V, diarhea diarrhea F/E imbalances, abdominal cramps
pink coloration of urine & feces nephritis & melanotic pigmentation in large dose
5. Surfactants a. docusate Ns (Colace) b.castor oil
soften stool & increase water secretion into lumen
constipation
diarrhea, nausea abdominal cramps
severe constipation dehydration preparation for radiographic exams electrolyte imbalance colic uterine contractions