.
NANOTECHNOLOGY
By: Sharon Miller, Chemistry Dept. Sunny Hills High School Fullerton, California
Introduction to
Welcome!
“The
future applications for nanotechnology offer tremendous potential in science, engineering and medicine.”
France A. Cordova Chancellor, UC Riverside
What is Nanotechnology?
• Manufacturing at the nano scale
(1 nanometer = 10-9 meter) • Manipulating matter at the atomic level (1 nanometer = diameter of 23 atoms, which is size of average molecule or drug) • Creating desirable materials using a “bottom-up” approach
Nanoscale
History of Nanotechnology
• Richard Feynman, Cal Tech, 1959 • “There’s Plenty of Room at the
Bottom” • The National Nanotechnology Initiative, Clinton, 2000 • Accelerated and funded research in nanotechnology
The World of Nanotechnology
• Introduction to Nanotechnology
The World of Nanotechnology
• Introduction to Nanotechnology • Quantum Nanotechnology
Nanogears like these may replace current manufacturing processes.
The World of Nanotechnology
• Introduction to Nanotechnology • Quantum Nanotechnology • Nanoelectronics
Multi-shell Gold nanowire
(TEM micrograph; 1 nm diameter)
The World of Nanotechnology
• Introduction to Nanotechnology • Quantum Nanotechnology • Nanoelectronics • Nanomedicine
The World of Nanotechnology
• Introduction to Nanotechnology • Quantum Nanotechnology • Nanoelectronics • Nanomedicine • Nanotechnology: Fact or Fiction
Self-Assembly
• The holy grail of nanotechnology • Manufacturing atom-by-atom • Three Types • Examples in Nature
– Cellular Biology – DNA Replication – Virusus
- Electrostatic; Capillary; Magnetic
Electro-Self Assembly
Why is Nanotechnology in the headlines?
• Miniaturization limit reached in
current computer technology • Promise of new materials – stronger, cheaper, faster, more powerful, more durable • Possibility of revolutionary medical breakthroughs in detection/treatment • Federal funding for research
Who will drive the research?
• Universities
- UCR’s CNSE (Dr. Haddon) - UCSB/UCR/UCLA’s CNID (funded by DARPA) - IBM - Bell
• Industry
• National Labs
“UC Riverside has seized the
initiative and is leading the effort in the Inland Empire to uniquely define the area with its own brand of high technology, including nanotechnology and nanomedicine.”
Dr. Robert Haddon Director, CNSE, UCR
UCR Nanotechnology Research
• Nanoscale electronic devices
using carbon nanotubes and quantum dots • Spintronic devices • Neuron regeneration using carbon nanotube prosthetics devices • Chemical and biological sensors
Carbon Nanotubes
• Carbon-60 “Buckyball” (1 nm) • Rolled sheets of graphite (graphene) • Three conformations
- armchair (top-to-bottom) - zigzag (side-to-side) - chiral (corner-to-corner) • Single, Multi-walled (SWNT, MWNT)
Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWNT)
Uses of Carbon Nanotubes: Present and Future
• Light-weight, high-strength materials
- tennis rackets (“nanotube nylon”) - bullet-proof vests - space elevator • Conductive materials - “quantum wires” - fuel cell application (using Pt electrode) • Biosensors and Biomedical materials - soluble nanotubes (more applications)
Final Thoughts
“Nothing is stranger than nature itself, and it is exciting to uncover what nature has in store for us”
- Dr. Rowland Kawakami, Physics, UCR
“This work is revolutionary. Working at the interface of biology and nanotechnology is one of the highly emphasized areas of research.”
- Dr.Mihri Ozkan, Chemical Engineering, UCR
Acknowledgements
• • • •
• • • •
UC Riverside SEM (carbon nanotube micrographs) UC Riverside Fiat Lux, 2002, Vol. XII, No. 4 http://www.jeoleuro.com/news/news37E/htm/70/ http://domino.research.ibm.com/Comm/bios.nsf/pages/ selfassembly.html http://science.howstuffworks.com/nanotechnology.htm http://www.nanosonic.com/esa/esa.html http://members.aol.com/Polecattt/Jetsons.html Kathy Henry, AB Miller High School; Becky Miller