TASK \ OS
Solaris Solaris 2.0-2.6, 7, 8, 9 (SunOS 5.*) SVR4-based
AIX By IBM, with input from System V, BSD, etc. etc. Runs mainly on IBM RS/6000 and related hardware.
HP-UX
IRIX
Linux (rh) = Red Hat, Mandrake, Suse,... (deb) = Debian, Libranet,... (mand) = Mandrake (SuSE) = SuSE (rh, FC2+, RHEL4+) system-config* (rh) redhat-config* linuxconf (obsolete) (SuSE) yast2 (deb) dpkg-reconfigure (mand) drakconf
OS notes
Hewlett-Packard.
SGI. SVR4-based
administrative GUI
solstice admintool smc (8 01/01+)
smit smitty wsm
sam
/usr/sysadm/bin/sysmgr (6.3+) toolchest /usr/Cadmin/bin/*
managing users
useradd userdel usermod /usr/sadm/bin/smuser (9+) groupadd Solaris prtconf -v /usr/platform/`uname -i`/ sbin/prtdiag -v (sun4u and sun4d only) arch -k psrinfo -v isainfo -v dmesg iostat -En prtfru cfgadm -l /etc/path_to_inst eeprom devfsadm. pre-Solaris 7 HW 11/99, use:
lsuser mkuser chuser rmuser AIX
useradd userdel usermod HP-UX
/usr/sysadm/privbin/ useradd addUserAccount userdel passmgmt adduser /usr/Cadmin/bin/cpeople IRIX Linux dmesg (if you're lucky) /proc/* lshw dmidecode lspci lspnp lsusb lsmod (SuSE) hwinfo /dev/nvram (if you have it) hwclock nvsetenv modprobe kerneld
TASK \ OS
list hardware configuration
prtconf lscfg lsattr lsdev
ioscan dmesg (if you're lucky) adb model stm (from the SupportPlus CDROM) hinv bdf (like most vendors' df) getconf machinfo (11.23+) print_manifest nvram printenv/setenv (at command monitor) scsiha -pr ioconfig -f /hw
show/set EEPROM/NVRAM values add device without reboot
bootlist -o -m normal cfgmgr -v
setboot stm ioscan -fnCdevtype; insf -Cdevtype
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drvconfig; devlinks; {disks, tapes, ports} tape device stdin/ stdout/ stderr X kvm config TASK \ OS read a disk label whole disk in partition label a disk /dev/rmt/0 /dev/fd/[012] kdmconfig (x86) fbconfig; m64config; (etc.) Solaris prtvtoc 2 format prtvtoc (x86) fdisk format fmthard Solaris /kernel/genunix /platform/`uname -m`/ kernel/unix /platform/`uname -m`/ kernel/sparcv9/unix (7+) sysdef getconf cat /etc/system ndd adb -k installboot /usr/platform/ /dev/rmt0 ? ? AIX lspv -l N/A mkvg /dev/rmt/0m ? itemap HP-UX diskinfo pvdisplay ? pvcreate
scsiadminswap -b bus -p /dev/tape /dev/nrtape /dev/fd/[012] /usr/bin/X11/xsetmon /usr/gfx/setmon IRIX prtvtoc 10 dvhtool fx -x
insmod hotplug cardctl /dev/st0 /dev/fd/[012] xf86config XFree86 -configure redhat-config-xfree86 /etc/X11/?dm Linux fdisk -l /dev/hda (e.g. if /dev/hda1 is a partition) cfdisk fdisk e2label parted (if you have it) fdisk pdisk (on a MAC) (deb) mac-fdisk (on a MAC) (mand) diskdrake Linux /boot/vmlinuz* /boot/bootlx (see /etc/lilo.conf or /boot/grub/menu.lst) /proc/* /proc/sys/* sysctl /etc/sysctl.conf (rh) mkbootdisk
partition a disk
mklv
lvcreate sam HP-UX /hpux (9) /stand/vmunix (10+) sam sysdef kmtune (11+) kctune (11.23+) getconf
fx
TASK \ OS
AIX
IRIX
kernel
/unix
/unix
show/set kernel parameters
/usr/samples/kernel/vmtune (installed with the bos adt.samples fileset) /usr/sbin/no (network-related) bosboot -a
systune
make disk bootable
mkboot Ganesh Nalawade System Administrator
dvhtool
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`uname -m` /lib/fs/ufs/bootblk raw_device_file startup scripts /etc/rc* /etc/init.d/ /etc/rc* /etc/rc* (9) /etc/rc.config.d (preferred) /sbin/rc* (10+) /sbin/init.d/ 0: shut down s,S: single-user 1: sys admin 2: multiuser 3*: share NFS 4*: start GUI 5: user-defined 6: user-defined who -r /usr/lib/tztab /etc/rc* /etc/init.d/ 0: power-down s,S: single-user 1: sys admin 2: multiuser (no NFS) 3*: multiuser 4: user-defined 5: firmware monitor who -r /usr/lib/locale/TZ/ /etc/TIMEZONE swap -s swap -l IRIX efs, xfs
(deb) fdisk -A (and lilo to manipulate mbr)
/etc/rc* (but may vary) /etc/init.d/
0: firmware monitor s,S: single-user run levels 1: sys admin *=normal states 2: multiuser for more detail 3*: share NFS see 4*: user-defined www.phildev.net/runlevels.html 5: power-down if possible 6: reboot
1
2: multiuser 6: reboot
(set in /etc/inittab) 0: halt s,S,1: vendor-dependent 1: single-user 2-5*: multiuser 6: reboot /sbin/runlevel /usr/share/zoneinfo/ swapon -s cat /proc/meminfo cat /proc/swaps free Linux ext2 ext3 ReiserFS LVM, LVM2 EVMS VxVM ($)
show runlevel 1 time zone info
who -r /usr/share/lib/zoneinfo/ swap -s swap -l Solaris ufs
who -r /etc/environment ($TZ)
check swap space TASK \ OS "normal" filesystem
lsps -a AIX jfs
swapinfo HP-UX hfs vxfs (11.0+) jfs (vxfs) LVM VxVM ($) /etc/checklist (9) /etc/fstab (10+)
volume-based filesystem
Solstice DiskSuite VxVM ($)
jfs
xlv, xvm, xfs
file system description
/etc/vfstab (local)
/etc/filesystems
/etc/fstab
/etc/fstab
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volume manipulation
meta* (Solstice DiskSuite; Solaris Volume Mgr (9+)) (7-, found in /usr/opt/SUNWmd/ sbin/) /opt/VRTSvxva/bin/vxva (Veritas Volume Mgr) ($) newfs mkfs fsck fsdb clri
smitty vg smitty lvm smitty jfs mkvg; chvg; rmvg mklv; chlv; rmlv mkfs; crfs; rmfs
vg*; lv*; pv* extendfs fsadm
xlv_mgr xvm
e2fsadm lvcreate lvremove lvextend
create filesystem
crfs
mkfs newfs
mkfs fsck fsdb clri xfs_repair mkfile
mke2fs mkreiserfs mkdosfs fsck debugfs e2undel dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1024k count=desired
file system debugging and recovery
dfsck fsck fsdb
fsck fsdb
create non-0-length empty file mkfile
lmktemp
prealloc pfs_mountd pfsd pfs_mount mount /dev/dsk/cxtydz /SD_CDROM mount -orr /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom (requires "Rock Ridge extension" patches, 11+) ? lsacl chacl getacl setacl HP-UX Ganesh Nalawade System Administrator
mount CDROM
/etc/init.d/vold start; volcheck or mount -F hsfs -o ro /dev/dsk/c0t6d0s2 /cdrom
mount -v cdrfs -o ro /dev/cd0 /cdrom smitty cdrom
(see man mediad) (mounts automatically when CD inserted)
mount /mnt/cdrom (deb) mount /cdrom
create/mount ISO image
mkisofs;cdrecord;mount
? aclget aclput acledit ls -e AIX
?
mkisofs mount -o loop pathToIso mountPoint getfacl setfacl Linux
ACL management TASK \ OS
getfacl setfacl Solaris
chacl (see man acl) IRIX
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NFS share definitions
/etc/dfs/dfstab dfshares
/etc/exports /etc/xtab
/etc/exports
/etc/exports
/etc/exports
NFS share command
share shareall showmount nfsstat /etc/nsswitch.conf getent ndd ifconfig -a netstat -in (8+) kstat -n hme0 | egrep 'ifspeed|duplex'
exportfs -a
exportfs -a
exportfs -a
/etc/init.d/nfs-server reload (rh) exportfs -a cat /proc/mounts /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/resolv.conf ifconfig ethtool (rh) redhat-config-network (fedora) system-confignetwork (rh) edit: /etc/hosts, /etc/sysconfig/network, /etc/sysconfig/ network-scripts/ ifcfg-eth0 (deb) edit /etc/network/interfaces; /etc/init.d/networking restart dhcpcd ping -c 1 hostname etherfind tcpdump ethereal etherape
NFS information name resolution order
? /etc/netsvc.conf ifconfig -a no -a netstat -i netstat -v lsattr -E -l entX
nfsstat /etc/nsswitch.conf lanadmin landiag lanscan netstat -in ifconfig lanx
mount | grep nfs 6+: /etc/nsswitch.conf 5.3: /etc/resolv.conf ifconfig -a netstat -ia
show network interface info
change IP
edit: /etc/{resolv.conf, hosts, hostname.*, netmasks, nodename, dumpadm.conf, net/*/hosts} sys-unconfig; reboot
smitty chinet chdev -a netaddr= newIP -I en#
/sbin/set_parms initial ifconfig
edit: /etc/{hosts, sys_id, resolv.conf, TIMEZONE}, /etc/config/ {static-route.options, ifconfig-1.options}; reboot
start DHCP client ping one packet
ifconfig interface dhcp ping hostname packetsize 1
? ping -c 1 hostname iptrace ipreport
? ping hostname 10 1 (9) ping hostname -n 1 (10+) nettl netfmt
? ping -c 1 hostname snoop tcpdump
sniff network
snoop
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route definitions
/etc/defaultrouter /etc/notrouter /etc/gateways in.routed netstat -r route add /etc/default/telnetd /etc/default/ftpd Solaris
netstat -r smitty route
/etc/rc.config.d/netconf netstat -r
/etc/config/ static-route.options
route (rh) /etc/sysconfig/network (rh) /etc/sysconfig/staticroutes (deb) /etc/init.d/network (deb) /etc/network /etc/issue.net (telnet) (ftp varies; can use tcp wrappers) Linux
telnetd, ftpd banner TASK \ OS
/etc/security/login.cfg AIX
/etc/inetd.conf (telnet) HP-UX /etc/passwd (not Trusted) /.secure/etc/passwd (Trusted 9) /tcb/files/auth/ (10+) /etc/shadow (11.22+) /etc/securetty
/etc/issue IRIX
encrypted passwords in
/etc/shadow
/etc/security/passwd
/etc/shadow
/etc/shadow (may vary)
allow/deny root logins
/etc/default/login
/etc/security/user
/etc/default/login
/etc/securetty iptables ipchains ipfwadm (rh) redhat-configsecuritylevel Linux (rh) rpm -a -i (rh) rpm -qa (rh) yum list installed (deb) dselect (deb) aptitude (deb) dpkg -l (rh) rpm -hiv (rh) yum install pkg (deb) dselect (deb) apt-get install pkg (deb) dpkg -i www.linux.org linux.tucows.com
firewall config
(9+) /usr/aset/
?
/etc/opt/ipf/ipf.conf
/etc/ipf.conf
TASK \ OS
Solaris pkginfo prodreg admintool /var/sadm/install/contents
AIX
HP-UX
IRIX versions showfiles showprods
show installed software
lslpp -L
rmfn, what (HP-UX 9) swlist (HP-UX 10+)
add software
pkgadd
smitty install_all smitty installp /usr/lib/instl/sm_inst installp_cmd -a -d 'device' '-c' '-N' '-g' '-X' www-1.ibm.com/servers/ aix/products/aixos/linux/
swinstall
inst swmgr freeware.sgi.com www.sgi.com/fun
precompiled binaries of GPLware and freeware
www.sunfreeware.com www.blastwave.org
hpux.cs.utah.edu hpux.connect.org.uk
Ganesh Nalawade System Administrator
Ford Information Technology Services India
download.html aixpdslib.seas.ucla.edu/ aixpdslib.html bullfreeware.com C compiler /opt/SUNWspro/ bin/cc ($) showrev -p prodreg (2.6+) patchadd -p installpatch (2.5.1-) patchadd (2.6+) pkgadd /usr/sadm/bin/smpatch (9+) crle ldd pldd modinfo LD_PRELOAD $LD_LIBRARY_PATH /usr/ibmcxx/bin/cc /opt/softbench/bin/cc ($) /bin/cc (9) /usr/bin/cc (10+; not ANSI; kernel builder only) swlist -l product | grep PHsomeString /opt/MIPSpro/ bin/cc ($) /usr/bin/cc versions -b | grep patch (6.4-) uname -R (6.5+) inst swmgr
sourceforge.net rpmfind.net (deb) ftp.debian.org (deb) packages.debian.org gcc
show patch level and/or patches
instfix -ivq oslevel -r
(rh) rpm -q (deb) dpkg -s apt-get update apt-get upgrade (rh) up2date (rh) yum update (mand) urpmi ldconfig ldd lsmod
patch tool
installp smitty update_all
update (9) swinstall (10+)
configure/show runtime linking fortran-2000.com/ ArnaudRecipes/ sharedlib.html link library path
dump -H ldd
chatr ldd (11+) kmadmin $LD_LIBRARY_PATH (64-bit) $SHLIB_PATH (32- or 64-bit) trace (freeware) tusc (11+, freeware) /etc/default /etc/PATH /etc/MANPATH /etc/default/* /etc/csh.login /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log /var/adm/sulog Ganesh Nalawade System Administrator
ldd rld _RLD_LIST
$LIBPATH trace syscalls truss watch /etc/security/ mkuser.default /etc/environment ? /var/adm/syslog /var/adm/messages
$LD_LIBRARY_PATH $RLD*_PATH
$LD_LIBRARY_PATH /etc/ld.so.conf
tracing utility
truss sotruss dtrace (10+) /etc/default/login /etc/profile /etc/security/ /etc/.login /var/adm/messages /var/log/syslog
par prfstat /etc/default/login /etc/profile
strace ltrace /etc/profile /etc/security/ /etc/skel/ /etc/csh.login /var/log/syslog /var/log/messages
define user defaults csh global .login default syslog and messages
/etc/cshrc /var/adm/SYSLOG /var/adm/sulog
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/var/spool/mqueue/syslog sysmon amsyslog availmon eventmond imdmonitor syserrpanel pcp; dkstat; pmkstat; sar; osview; gr_osview; ecstats; linkstat; netstat; nfsstat; nfsvis; nodevis; routervis; nstats; top fuser IRIX techpubs.sgi.com/library/ tpl/cgibin/browse.cgi?coll=0650 &db=FAQ
/usr/adm/messages /var/log/maillog
system error reporting tool
prtdiag
errpt
dmesg sysdiag (9 and early10) stm/cstm/mstm/xstm (10.20+) EMS (from support CD)
dmesg (deb) reportbug
performance monitoring
sar; iostat; kstat; mpstat; netstat; nfsstat; prstat; trapstat; vmstat; ptree fuser lsof2
pfiles
ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/ aix/tools/perftools/perfpmr vmstat; iostat; sar; filemon; topas; trace; svmon; netpmon procfiles (5.2+, files only) AIX
top; sar; vmstat; iostat; nfsstat; netstat; uustat; Glance($)
vmstat procinfo -D
match process to file or port TASK \ OS
? HP-UX
lsof netstat -atup Linux www.linuxdoc.org/ FAQ/Linux-FAQ www.debian.org/doc/ FAQ www.linumanagers .org www.linux.org/ help/lists.html www.linuxmanagers.org/ pipermail/linuxmanagers lists.debian.org www.linuxmanpages.com/ Fedora Core 4: linuxcommand.org/
Solaris www.faqs.org/faqs/Solaris2/ FAQ/ www.faqs.org/faqs/Solaris2/ x86/FAQ/ www.stokely.com/ unix.sysadm.resources/ faqs.sun.html sun-managers@sunmanagers .org (majordomo) www.sunmanagers.org/ archives.html www.latech. edu/sunman.html docs.sun.com/ app/docs/ coll/40.10
FAQs (see also faqs.org)
www.faqs.org/faqs/ aix-faq/part1/ preamble.html
www.faqs.org/faqs/ hp/hpux-faq/preamble.html
mailing list
AIX-L@pucc. princeton.edu (LISTSERV) www.marist. edu/htbin/wlvindex? ADSM-L marc.theaimsgroup.com/ ?l=aix-l&r=1&w=2 publib.boulder.ibm.com/ infocenter/pseries/ v5r3/index.jsp?
hpux-admin@ dutchworks.nl (majordomo) www.dutch works.nl/ htbin/hpsysadmin
?
mailing list archives
?
man pages www.freebsd.org/ cgi/man.cgi
techpubs.sgi.com/ docs.hp.com/en/hpuxman_pages.html library/tpl/cgihpuxman_pages.html bin/browse.cgi?
Ganesh Nalawade System Administrator
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topic=/com.ibm.aix.doc/ infocenter/base/ alphabeticallistofcommands.htm newsgroup(s) groups.google user groups magazines comp.sys.sun. admin, comp.unix.solaris ? www.sunworld.com sun.com/sun-on-net/itworld sun.com/solaris sun.com/bigadmin sun.com/developers/support soldc.sun.com access1.sun.com comp.unix.aix www.thp.uni-duisburg.de/ cuaix/cuaix.html www.userblue.org www.developer. ibm.com/library/aixpert www.developer.ibm.com/ tech/map/aixrm.html comp.sys.hp.hpux www.interex.org www.hpchronicle.com www.interex.org/hpuxusr www.hppro.com
coll=&db=man
superman_pages.php www.tldp.org/docs.html#man comp.os.linux.* (esp .answers) www.debianhelp.org www.linuxjournal.com www.linux-mag.com www.debianplanet.org www.linux.org www.redhat.com www.debian.org
comp.sys.sgi.admin ? www.sgi.com/support/ pipeline.html
vendor home page
unix.hp.com
www.sgi.com/software/ software.html#IRIX
vendor docs and patches (see docs.sun.com sunsolve.sun.com also man pages)
www.redbooks.ibm.com techsupport.services. ibm.com/ server/support? view=pSeries
docs.hp.com itrc.hp.com
techpubs.sgi.com www.sgi.com/ support/patch_intro.html www.linuxdoc.org/ support.sgi.com rpmfind.net/linux/RPM relnotes grelnotes
vendor phone (US) TASK / OS
800-USA-4SUN Solaris
AIX: 800-237-5511 IBM hardware: 800-426-7378 AIX
800-633-3600 HP-UX
800-800-4SGI IRIX
? Linux
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Ford Information Technology Services India