Post 2012 Climate Change Adaptation Financing Mainstreaming

							       Post 2012 Climate Change Adaptation
           Financing & Mainstreaming –
         Developed Country Perspective


                       New Delhi, 30th Aug, 2007
                           Ms. Pamposh Bhat
                   Director, Climate Change Unit, GTZ.




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Road Map
   Present Climate Change Regime
        Political Legal Situation of India
        Present Adaptation Scenario in India
        Government of India Initiatives


   Post 2012 Climate Change Regime
          EU Strategy
          German Position
          India’s Expectation
          Common Vision
          Role of Developed Country




Ms. Pamposh Bhat                                10.02.2010   Page
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Political – Legal Situation, India

  Signatory to UNFCCC and ratified Kyoto Protocol

  NATCOM 1 submitted, Second National Communication
   Launched

  Fully established CDM Authority




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Global Registered Project Activities by
Host Party
    300     268
    275
    250
    225
    200
    175
    150
                      105
    125                       106
                                        90
    100
     75
     50                                        19
                                                         16         16         11        10          9         9           9        10
     25
      0
          India    Brazil   China   Mexico   Chile   Malaysia Republic of Honduras Philippines Argentina   Ecuador   Indonesia   South
                                                                Korea                                                            Africa


                                                        Country Name



Ms. Pamposh Bhat                                                                                                   10.02.2010      Page
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 Host Country Approved Projects, as on
 26th July -2007 - Sectorwise




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Sector-wise break-up: CERs Expected till
2012 from HCA Projects as of 26th July 2007




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Government of India, Initiatives
  PM’s Council on Climate Change
       National strategy paper on climate change before CoP 13 – Bali,
        Indonesia ( 3 – 14 Dec, 2007)
       A huge afforestation programme of six million hectares
  A High Level Expert Committee on Impacts of Climate
   Change
       To Identify key vulnerabilities & adaptation strategies
  Adopted different Policies and Acts
       Electricity Act, 2002
       Energy Conservation Act, 2002
       National Environment Policy, 2006




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Present Adaptation scenario :
   Funding not at all commensurate to the need
       – Mostly for Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and Small Island
          Developing States (SIDS)

   Funding very difficult to access due to complex
    procedures
   Few projects on implementation of adaptation measures
    in India
   Mainstreaming ????



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Adaptation in India, GTZ Initiative
     Name: Climate Change Adaptation in Rural Areas
     Lead executing agency: Indian Ministry of Environment
      and Forests
     Implementing partners: States
     Budget: € 7.5 million Euros
     Project duration: 5 years
     Pilot states: Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal,
      Tamil Nadu



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Proposed Problem Statement of the Indo-
German Adaptation Programme

 “Public investments programmes are not “climate proof“
 and public development programmes do not sufficiently
 focus on strengthening the adaptation capacities of the
 rural poor.”




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Programme´s Objectives

 Rural communities have access to innovative and
  affordable technical & financial adaptation instruments.

 Policy makers incorporate climate change concerns into
  rural public investment programmes




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Programme Elements
   1. Application of rapid risk analysis / vulnerability &
      adaptation assessments
   2. Development & testing of technical adaptation solutions
   3. Development & testing of financial instruments (weather-
      based insurance)
   4. Development & testing of mechanisms of climate proofing
   5. Mainstreaming of 1-4 into large scale public rural
      investment programmes



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Post 2012 Climate Change Regime



                   Different People Different thoughts




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Post 2012 EU Strategy:
 Broader International Participation in reducing emissions:
      Rigorously pursue all major world emitters to commit to a binding scheme
      World emissions must be reduced by 50% (cf.1990),by 2050
 Inclusion of Sectors:
      Aviation and Maritime must be included in market based mechanisms
      Sectoral emission reductions must be taken up
 Promoting Climate friendly technologies:
      Enhanced innovation (R & D) – mainly in energy & transport systems
      Bringing them closer to market and developing world
 Market based instruments should continue:
      Simplified procedures for EU – ETS, JI and CDM needs to be developed
      Nuclear Power should remain excluded
      No time gap between commitment periods
 Adaptation to be given more focus:
      More resources to be allocated in the EU
      Poorest and worst affected countries should be financially supported.

                         Source: Communication of the European Communities COM(2005)35 & COM(2007)2.
                          European Parliament Resolution on Climate Change; P6_TA(2007)0038, Feb, 2007.


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Post 2012 German Position
 An ambitious and robust post 2012 regime, involving all parties to start
                by 2007, reaching an agreement by 2009
 Emission Reduction Commitments:
      Germany taken up commitment of 21% GHG emission reduction by 2012
      Ready to take up more ambitious reduction targets (if EU takes up 30% by 2020,
       Germany will take 40%.)
      Other industrialized nations need to take up comparable reduction targets
      Not asking for reduction commitments from developing countries but there needs to be
       a way to decouple their emissions from economic development.

 Technology Transfer:
      Promote and enhance technology transfer
      Joint initiative for renewables in rural areas of developing world
 Adaptation:
      Step up our efforts to assist developing countries to adapt (25 M Euros to GEF)
 Mitigation:
      Benefits of CDM must reach to all regions of the developing world (Africa)
                                                                  Source: Statement of Germany at COP12
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India’s Expectations
 Adaptation Fund:
      Very modest funds for developing countries
      Speed up the process of operationalising Adaptation Fund.
      Other Flexible mechanisms (JI & ETS) should contribute to Adaptation fund, not just
       CDM.
      GEF needs to streamline its procedures
 Emission Reductions:
      Little has been done by Annex-1 countries in curtailing their GHG emissions.
      Developing countries cannot be forced to take up any commitments post 2012.
 Technology Transfer:
      Technology Transfer has been very slow, need to speed up.
 Market based mechanism:
      Flexible, fair, effective and simplified global framework
 Comprehensive Agreement:
      Means for Adaptation
      Enhanced technological cooperation
      Enhanced financing
                                                                   Source: Statement of India at COP 12,
                                                                   G8 + 5 Summit at Heiligendamm, 2007

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Common Vision:
       Deeper quantified emission reduction commitments of
        Annex I countries;
       Expand and strengthen the carbon market
       High priority to

           »Adaptation – strategies and measures
           »Technology transfer and deployment,
           »Financing.
       Speed up the processes


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Role of a Developed Country in preparing
developing countries to meet the challenge
of Climate Change
 Awareness raising of common man
 Developing the capacity of Rural poor
 Providing alternative livelihoods to the Rural poor
 Facilitate exchange of Information & Knowledge (South –
  South and North – South)
 Piloting of Adaptation projects
 Engaging the policymakers at all levels
 Generous financial support


Ms. Pamposh Bhat                                   10.02.2010   Page
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                  THANK YOU
             FOR YOUR ATTENTION !

                                  Ms. Pamposh Bhat
                             Director, Climate Change Unit
                           German Technical Cooperation GTZ
                              B – 5/1 Safdurjung Enclave
                                New Delhi, 110029, India
                   Tel: + 91 11 46027617-19, Fax: + 91 11 46027620
                   Email: pamposh.bhat@gtz.de, pbhat@cdmindia.com




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