Parts of Speech Cheat Sheet
Nouns 1. common 2. proper 3. concrete 4. abstract 5. singular 6. plural 7. collective 8. compound 9. possessive Pronouns 1. first person 2. second person 3. third person 4. possessive: my, his, her, their, our 5. reflexive: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, and themselves 6. intensive: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, and themselves 7. demonstrative: this, these, that, and those 8. indefinite a. singular: another, anybody, anything, each, either, everybody, everyone, everything, much, neither, nobody, no one, nothing, one, somebody, someone, something b. plural: both, few, many several c. singular or plural: all, any, more, most, none, some 9. interrogative: who, whom, whose, which, what 10. relative: who, whom, whose, which, that Verbs 1. action (active versus passive) a. I played the drums = active b. The drums were played by me = passive 2. transitive (DOT): A sentence with a direct object contains a transitive verb. a. I gave a gift to my mom. b. I took tickets at the dance. 3. intransitive: A sentence without a direct object contains an intransitive verb. a. I ran with a limp. b. Stan jumped without falling. 4. linking: am, is, are, was, were, been, being, look, smell, feel, sound, taste, grow, appear, become, seem remain (What’s in front equals what’s behind. a. I am smart.
b. Janice seems tired. 5. auxiliary or helping: am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been, can, could, will would, shall, should, may, might, must, do, did, does, have, has, had a. I am going to the store. b. Janice was sleeping by the time we returned. 6. verb phrases a. am going b. was sleeping Adjectives 1. What kind? 2. Which one? 3. How many? 4. How much? 5. Articles: a, an, and the 6. Proper adjectives Adverbs 1. Where? 2. When? 3. How? 4. To what extent? 5. –ly 6. MORE: Commonly used adverbs: Afterward, already, also, back, even, far, fast, forth, hard, instead, late, long, low, more, near, next, not, now, often, slow, sometimes, still, straight, then, today, tomorrow, too, yet Intensifiers: extremely, just, more, most, nearly, only, quite, rather, really, so, somewhat, too, truly, very Prepositions About before Above behind Across below After beneath Against beside Along between Among beyond Around by As despite At down
during except for from in inside into like near of
off on onto out outside over since through throughout to
toward under underneath until up upon with within without
Commonly Used Compound Prepositions According to by means of in place of Aside from in addition to in spite of Because of in front of instead of
on account of out of prior to
Conjunctions 1. Coordinating conjunctions: and, but, for, nor, or so yet 2. Correlative conjunctions: both . . .and, neither . . .nor, whether . . .or, either . . .or, not only . . .but also, 3. subordinating conjunctions: after, as though, if, so that, when, although, because, in order that, than, where, as, before, provided, unless, whereas, as if, even though, since, until, while 4. conjunctive adverbs: accordingly, consequently, hence, nevertheless, still, also, finally, however, otherwise, therefore, besides, furthermore, instead, similarly, thus Interjections Yikes! Wow! Oh! No! Yes! Great! Hey! Alas! Well! Oh no! Ouch!