Simple Present Tense - DOC

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English Made Easy-in 20 minutes a Day! Speak English-Define Future 1
TENSES

Comparative Study of Tenses

TENSE SIMPLE/ SIMPLE/ CONTINUOUS PERFECT PERFECT
INDEFINITE INDEFINITE CONTINUOUS

do/does (s/es/ies) am/is/are has/have has been/
For III person have been
PRESENT singulars
MV- I form MV- ing form MV- III MV- ing form
MV- I form form

did ------- was/were Had had been

PAST

MV- I form MV- II form MV- ing form MV- III MV- ing form
form

shall/will shall be/ shall shall have
will be have/ been/
FUTURE will have will have been

MV- I form MV- ing
MV- III MV- ing form
form

PERSON SINGULAR PLURAL

FIRST I We

You
SECOND You

He
THIRD She They
It

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PERSONS DEFINITE INDEFINITE

English Made Easy-in 20 minutes a Day! Speak English-Define Future 2

I Shall Will
WE

YOU
TENSES – AT A GLANCE HE, SHE, IT Will Shall
THEY

TIME
TENSE
PAST PRESENT FUTURE

I want a coffee. I leave tomorrow.
PRESENT SIMPLE
She likes coffee.

I am taking my exam next
I am having dinner.
PRESENT month.
CONTINUOUS
They are living in London.

PRESENT PERFECT
I have seen ET. I have finished.
SIMPLE

I have been
PRESENT PERFECT playing tennis.
CONTINUOUS
We have been working for four hours.

I finished one If she loved you now, she If you came tomorrow, you would
PAST SIMPLE
hour ago. would marry you. see her.

I was working at
PAST CONTINUOUS
2am this morning.

PAST PERFECT I had not eaten
SIMPLE for 24 hours.

We had been If I had been working
PAST PERFECT If I had been working tomorrow,
working for 3 now, I would have missed
CONTINUOUS I could not have agreed.
hours. you.

FUTURE SIMPLE Hold on. I'll do it now. I'll see you tomorrow.

FUTURE
I will be working at 9pm tonight.
CONTINUOUS

I will have finished by 9pm
FUTURE PERFECT tonight.
SIMPLE
We will have been married for ten years next month.

They may be tired when you
FUTURE PERFECT
arrive because they will have
CONTINUOUS
been working.

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In 30 minutes, we will have been working for four hours.

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English Made Easy-in 20 minutes a Day! Speak English-Define Future 4

1. Simple Present Tense
How do we make the Simple Present
+ I am French.
Tense?
You, we, are French.
subject + auxiliary verb + main verb they
do base
He, she, it is French.
There are three important exceptions:
- I am not old.
1. For positive sentences, we do not
You, we, are not old.
normally use the auxiliary.
they
2. For the 3rd person singular (he, she,
it), we add s to the main verb or es to
He, she, it is not old.
the auxiliary.
3. For the verb to be, we do not use an ? Am I late?
auxiliary, even for questions and
negatives. Are you, we, late?
they
Look at these examples with the main
verb like: Is he, she, it late?

subjec auxiliar mai How do we use the Simple Present
t y verb n Tense?
verb
We use the Simple Present when we talk
+ I, you, like coffee. about something which happens repeatedly.
we,
they

He, likes coffee.
she, it

- I, you, do no like coffee.
we, t
they

He, does no like coffee. We use the Simple Present to describe a
she, it t series of actions in the present.

? Do I, you, like coffee
we, they ?

Does he, she, like coffee
it ?

Look at these examples with the main
Simple present is also called present simple.
verb be. Notice that there is no auxiliary:

When to use Simple Present?
subject main verb
We use the simple present tense when:

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 the action is general
The situation is general. Past, present and
 the action happens all the time, or
future.
habitually, in the past, present and
future
 the action is not only happening now
 the statement is always true English Made Easy: Tips
This page shows the use of the simple
John drives a taxi. present tense to talk about general events.
Note that there are some other uses for
past present future the simple present tense, for example in
conditional or if sentences, or to talk about
the future. You will learn about those
later.
It is John's job to drive a taxi. He does it
every day. Past, present and future.

The simple present expresses an action in the
Look at these examples:
present taking place once, never or several times. It

 I live in New York. is also used for actions that take place one after
 The Moon goes round the Earth. another and for actions that are set by a timetable or
 John drives a taxi.
schedule. The simple present also expresses facts in
 He does not drive a bus.
 We do not work at night. the present.
 Do you play football?

Note that with the verb to be, we can also
use the simple present tense for situations be
that are not general. We can use the simple
present tense to talk about now. Look at Use:
these examples of the verb "to be" in the
simple present tense - some of them  am with the personal pronoun II
are general, some of them are now:
 is with the personal pronouns he, she
or it (or with the singular form of
Am I right? nouns)
Tara is not at home.
 are with the personal pronouns we,
You are happy.
you or they (or with the plural form of
past present future nouns)

 example: I am hungry.

The situation is now.
affirmati negativ questio
ve e n
I am not fat.
Why are you so beautiful?
Ram is tall. I I am. I am Am I?
not.
past present future

he/she/it He is. He is Is he?

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not.  the infinite verb (play) with the
personal pronouns I, you, we and they (or
with the plural form of nouns)
you/we/th You are. You are Are
 the verb + s (plays) with the personal
ey not. you?
pronouns he, she, it (or with the singular
form of nouns)
have

Use: affirmativ negativ questio
e e n
 have with the personal pronouns I,
you, we und they (or with the plural
form of nouns) I/you/we I play. I do not Do I
/ they play. play?
 has with the personal pronouns he,
she, it (or with the singular form of
nouns) he/she/it He plays. He does Does he
not play. play?
 example: I have a dog. / I have got a
dog.
Tips on how to form negative sentences
 'have got' is mainly used in British and questions
English. You can also use 'have' on its
Negative sentences and questions are formed
own (especially in American English).
with the auxiliary verb 'do'.
In this case, however, you must form
negative sentences and questions with The 3rd person singular of 'do' is 'does'. This

the auxiliary verb 'do' (see 'All other means that in negative sentences and

verbs'). questions the 's' of the main verb is placed
behind 'do'.

positive negative question
Use

1) repeated actions
I/you/ I have I have Have I
got. / I not got. / got? / Do
My friend often draws nice posters.
we/they have. I do not I have?
have.

2) things in general
he/she/it He has He has Has he
The sun rises in the East.
got. / He not got. / got? /
has. He does Does he
not have. have?
3) fixed arrangements, scheduled events

All other verbs The plane flies to London every Monday.

Use:
4) actions in the present - one follows
after the other

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First I get up, then I have breakfast. My friend likes computers.
My mum doesn't like computers at all.
5) instructions
Questions:
Open your books at page 34.
Use the auxiliary do.
Do you play football?
6) with special verbs Does he play football?

I understand English. Special verbs in the Simple Present

1) have as a full verb
Signal words
affirmative negative
every day, often, always, sometimes, never, question
sentence sentence

normally, seldom, usually If Clause Type I I, we, you, they:
(If I talk, … I do not have Do I have a
I have a book.
a book. book?
he, she, it:
Form: 3rd person singular he, she, it:
Does he
infinitive + -s He does not
He has a book. have a
have a book.
book?
Form of Simple Present
 P: He speaks.
2) be as a full verb
 N: He does not speak.
 Q: Does he speak? affirmative negative
question
sentence sentence

I am from I am not from Am I from
Examples Britain. Britain. Britain?
he, she, it:
Affirmative sentences:
He is from He is not Is he from
Britain. from Britain. Britain?
My brother reads
I read books.
books. we, you, they:
We sing pop songs. She sings pop songs. We are from We are not Are we from
Britain. from Britain. Britain?
I play handball. John plays handball.

We often use the short forms with this verb.
Negative sentences:

You must not negate a full verb in English. 3) do as a full verb
Always use the auxiliary do for negations.
affirmative negative
question
sentence sentence
I like computers.
I, we, you, they:
I don't like computers at all.
I do an I do not do Do I do an
exercise. an exercise. exercise?

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he, she, it: But: A final y after a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) is
He does not not modified.
He does an Does he do
do an
exercise. an exercise? example: play - he plays
exercise.

Simple Present - Use
4) modal auxiliaries can, could, may,
must, need, will etc. facts (something is generally known to
be true)
affirmative negative
question
sentence sentence The sun never sets in the east
The sun sets or south or north, but always
every time regardless the subject (I, he, she,
in the west. in the west.
it, we, you, they):
I can play I cannot play Can I play action in the present taking place once,
tennis. tennis. tennis? never or several times

Colin plays football
Colin always regularly - every Tuesday.
plays soccer on
NOTE: In English, signal words are
Tuesdays.
We can substitute don't (can't) for do often used, e.g.: always,
not (cannot). never, seldom, often,
regularly, every Monday.
Modals have the same form every time
regardless the subject. We do not add an - actions in the present taking place one
s to the infinitive. after another

She takes her bag First one action takes
and leaves. place and then the other.

action set by a time table or schedule
Simple Present - Exceptions in Spelling
Although the action takes place
The 3rd person singular is usually formed by The train in the future, it takes place
adding s. But there are a few exceptions to leaves at 9 regularly and is set by a time
pm. table.
the rule:

The verbs can, may, might, must remain verbs expressing states, possession,
the same in all forms. So don't add s. senses, emotions and mental activity

example: he can, she may, it must When you love someone, that's a
I state, a fact or emotion, but not an
love action (like ‘running’ for example).
Verbs ending in o or a sibilant (ch, sh, s,
her. Whenever you want to express a state,
x) add es instead of s.
possession, sense or emotions, use the
example: do - he does, wash - she washes simple form (not the progressive). The
following words all belong to this
A final y after a consonant becomes i.e. group:
before s.  be (state)
example: worry - he worries  believe (mental activity)

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or several times Tuesdays.
 belong (possession)
 hate (feeling and emotion)
 hear (senses) actions in the present She takes her
taking place one after bag and leaves.
 like (feeling and emotion) another
 love (feeling and emotion)
 mean (mental activity)
facts (something is The sun sets in
 prefer (mental activity) generally known to be the west.
 remain (state) true)
 realize (mental activity)
 see (senses) action set by a timetable The train leaves
 seem (feeling and emotion) or schedule at 9 pm.
 smell (senses)
 think (mental activity) verbs of possession, I love her.
 understand (mental activity) senses, emotions and
mental activity
 want (feeling and emotion)
 wish (feeling and emotion)

SUMMARY

Use Example

action in the present Colin always
taking place once, never plays soccer on

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